Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1177/02673231231196962
S. Duncan
communication. Chapters of this section deal with the theory of development, communication, and modernization. Here the focus is on the use of media as a tool for bringing about change in society—from the dominant top-down approach of modernization theory to the bottom-up participatory approach of development. The uses of ICT for development have become a new phenomenon, and media scholars and practitioners have given it enough attention to explore this telecommunications approach for development. However, there is a strong critique of the monopolization of these ICT companies, mostly from the developed world like the US. This has resulted in the corporatization and commercialization of the media landscape at the global level, which has influenced the geopolitics of the world. The dominant powers like the US and now China have created a new geopolitical tension. While the role of the media has been considered important in bringing about change in society, in the changed landscape imported or foreign media has been seen as a tool reinforcing the dominant ideology of big corporate companies. This is called “media imperialism” or “cultural imperialism.” It explains the political economy of the media and its power relations. This criticism led to the emergence of the concept of the participatory approach to media and communication for development. Technological advancement has given rise to new platforms for communication and allowed citizens to connect with information more easily. This is an interesting book, which explains how the field is characterized by a continuity of critical concerns in relation to power, influence, and domination; media user empowerment and exploitation; and social and sustainable development and democratic conditions, as well as geopolitical shifts, in a global context.
{"title":"Book review: News Nerds: Institutional Change in Journalism by Allie Kosterich","authors":"S. Duncan","doi":"10.1177/02673231231196962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231196962","url":null,"abstract":"communication. Chapters of this section deal with the theory of development, communication, and modernization. Here the focus is on the use of media as a tool for bringing about change in society—from the dominant top-down approach of modernization theory to the bottom-up participatory approach of development. The uses of ICT for development have become a new phenomenon, and media scholars and practitioners have given it enough attention to explore this telecommunications approach for development. However, there is a strong critique of the monopolization of these ICT companies, mostly from the developed world like the US. This has resulted in the corporatization and commercialization of the media landscape at the global level, which has influenced the geopolitics of the world. The dominant powers like the US and now China have created a new geopolitical tension. While the role of the media has been considered important in bringing about change in society, in the changed landscape imported or foreign media has been seen as a tool reinforcing the dominant ideology of big corporate companies. This is called “media imperialism” or “cultural imperialism.” It explains the political economy of the media and its power relations. This criticism led to the emergence of the concept of the participatory approach to media and communication for development. Technological advancement has given rise to new platforms for communication and allowed citizens to connect with information more easily. This is an interesting book, which explains how the field is characterized by a continuity of critical concerns in relation to power, influence, and domination; media user empowerment and exploitation; and social and sustainable development and democratic conditions, as well as geopolitical shifts, in a global context.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":"38 1","pages":"528 - 530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47846598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1177/02673231231197032
R. Rivas-de-Roca, Concha Pérez-Curiel, Andreu Casero-Ripollés
European right-wing populism is a widely studied phenomenon in recent years. At the same time, many fact-checking projects have been launched with the purpose of assessing statements from the most relevant social actors. The role of fact-checkers is growing, but there is scant literature on their agenda. In this study, we investigate the communication strategies on Twitter of European right-wing populist parties and their relationship with the agenda of fact-checking initiatives in Germany, France, Spain and Portugal. Based on a content analysis of tweets covering political content ( n = 4212), we analyze not only the agenda but also the use of propaganda mechanisms and the scope of the tweets. The results show how the agenda of right-wing populism was composed of ideological thematic issues. Fact-checkers focus on competitor leaders and generate lower interaction. These findings contribute to increasing research on both actors, arguing that the focus on political leaders impacts on fact-checking.
{"title":"Effects of populism: The agenda of fact-checking agencies to counter European right-wing populist parties","authors":"R. Rivas-de-Roca, Concha Pérez-Curiel, Andreu Casero-Ripollés","doi":"10.1177/02673231231197032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231197032","url":null,"abstract":"European right-wing populism is a widely studied phenomenon in recent years. At the same time, many fact-checking projects have been launched with the purpose of assessing statements from the most relevant social actors. The role of fact-checkers is growing, but there is scant literature on their agenda. In this study, we investigate the communication strategies on Twitter of European right-wing populist parties and their relationship with the agenda of fact-checking initiatives in Germany, France, Spain and Portugal. Based on a content analysis of tweets covering political content ( n = 4212), we analyze not only the agenda but also the use of propaganda mechanisms and the scope of the tweets. The results show how the agenda of right-wing populism was composed of ideological thematic issues. Fact-checkers focus on competitor leaders and generate lower interaction. These findings contribute to increasing research on both actors, arguing that the focus on political leaders impacts on fact-checking.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45190922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1177/02673231231196958
Vikas Pathe
through language in personal blogs, she illustrates the effectiveness of the inclusion of both a systematic coding scheme for labeling the screen-based data (i.e., blog posts and comments) and a further questionnaire design for examining the behind-the-scenes user-based intentions of communicators, forming an integrated objectivity-cumsubjectivity-integrated perspective. Finally, Riki Thompson (Chapter 14) continues to focus on the ethnographic-based approach to digital discourse analysis and focuses on how researcher reflexivity works in different stages of the research process. In her project of a multimodal analysis of online dating texts, she includes participants’ reflective interview procedures throughout the duration of her study to better elucidate the cognitive mechanism of why people create the digital texts that they do. To sum up, this volume is an ideal reference book to advance our understanding of research methods in digital discourse studies. The vastness and diversity in the transdisciplinary domain of digital communication have cultivated creativity and flexibility when exploring its discursive interactions. Throughout the book, the most significant contribution is its reminding significance in clarifying the common methodological challenges and mistakes that can happen in the research process of digital discourse analysis and offering helpful suggestions and recommendations on how to avoid them. Although the absence of certain research topics (e.g., emoji, retweeting, self-presentation, etc.) may disappoint some critical readers, its valuable insights in providing methodological guidance for future digital discourse studies still make it a highly thought-provoking publication for anyone interested in this field.
{"title":"Book review: An Introduction to Global Media for the Twenty-First Century by Ole J Mjøs","authors":"Vikas Pathe","doi":"10.1177/02673231231196958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231196958","url":null,"abstract":"through language in personal blogs, she illustrates the effectiveness of the inclusion of both a systematic coding scheme for labeling the screen-based data (i.e., blog posts and comments) and a further questionnaire design for examining the behind-the-scenes user-based intentions of communicators, forming an integrated objectivity-cumsubjectivity-integrated perspective. Finally, Riki Thompson (Chapter 14) continues to focus on the ethnographic-based approach to digital discourse analysis and focuses on how researcher reflexivity works in different stages of the research process. In her project of a multimodal analysis of online dating texts, she includes participants’ reflective interview procedures throughout the duration of her study to better elucidate the cognitive mechanism of why people create the digital texts that they do. To sum up, this volume is an ideal reference book to advance our understanding of research methods in digital discourse studies. The vastness and diversity in the transdisciplinary domain of digital communication have cultivated creativity and flexibility when exploring its discursive interactions. Throughout the book, the most significant contribution is its reminding significance in clarifying the common methodological challenges and mistakes that can happen in the research process of digital discourse analysis and offering helpful suggestions and recommendations on how to avoid them. Although the absence of certain research topics (e.g., emoji, retweeting, self-presentation, etc.) may disappoint some critical readers, its valuable insights in providing methodological guidance for future digital discourse studies still make it a highly thought-provoking publication for anyone interested in this field.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":"38 1","pages":"526 - 528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49321697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1177/02673231231196949
Cheng-Hsuan Wu
{"title":"Book review: Research Methods for Digital Discourse Analysis by Camilla Vásquez","authors":"Cheng-Hsuan Wu","doi":"10.1177/02673231231196949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231196949","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":"38 1","pages":"523 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46017244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16eCollection Date: 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1097/PG9.0000000000000347
Jessica V Baran, Jerry M Brown, Desiree Rivera-Nieves, Sara Karjoo, C Jason Smithers, Michael J Wilsey
Duodenal stenosis is a rare congenital anomaly that is typically treated surgically, although endoscopic incisional therapy (EIT) and balloon dilation are minimally invasive alternatives. We present a case of a 15-month-old male with vomiting and difficulty tolerating solid food due to severe congenital duodenal stenosis. The patient underwent EIT and serial duodenal dilation to a diameter of 20 mm, which resulted in significant symptom improvement. Intralesional corticosteroid injection (ISI) was administered to help prevent the duodenal septum from restricturing. The combination of EIT, balloon dilation, and ISI was successful in treating the patient's congenital duodenal stenosis and avoided the need for surgery. However, further studies are required to confirm the efficacy of this treatment approach in this patient population. This report highlights the potential of this minimally invasive approach as an alternative to surgical intervention in the management of congenital duodenal stenosis.
{"title":"Avoiding Surgery: Endoscopic Treatment of Congenital Duodenal Stenosis.","authors":"Jessica V Baran, Jerry M Brown, Desiree Rivera-Nieves, Sara Karjoo, C Jason Smithers, Michael J Wilsey","doi":"10.1097/PG9.0000000000000347","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PG9.0000000000000347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Duodenal stenosis is a rare congenital anomaly that is typically treated surgically, although endoscopic incisional therapy (EIT) and balloon dilation are minimally invasive alternatives. We present a case of a 15-month-old male with vomiting and difficulty tolerating solid food due to severe congenital duodenal stenosis. The patient underwent EIT and serial duodenal dilation to a diameter of 20 mm, which resulted in significant symptom improvement. Intralesional corticosteroid injection (ISI) was administered to help prevent the duodenal septum from restricturing. The combination of EIT, balloon dilation, and ISI was successful in treating the patient's congenital duodenal stenosis and avoided the need for surgery. However, further studies are required to confirm the efficacy of this treatment approach in this patient population. This report highlights the potential of this minimally invasive approach as an alternative to surgical intervention in the management of congenital duodenal stenosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":"30 1","pages":"e347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10684216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87083687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-06DOI: 10.1177/02673231231190762
João Guilherme Bastos dos Santos
The increasing relevance of platformization sheds light on the role of algorithms in filtering political content, profiling audiences and defining the rules for the competition between traditional outlets and new content creators online. More importantly, algorithms learn and adapt results based on users’ activities online. But, if algorithms learn over time, how to deal with this time-varying dynamic when analysing them? The present paper brings a method for analysing YouTube search ranking and related video algorithm results over time, applied to a corpus of 1346 videos related to the war in Ukraine connected through 7934 related video links, starting on 21st November and stopping on 5th December. Results show that YouTube search and related video algorithms differ considerably in their behaviours, considering the channels and video clusters they benefited over time. It could be a dangerous bias to focus solely on one of the algorithms or presume its functioning based on collections made after – and not during – the political events they influenced. More than a matter of choosing methods, to understand how algorithms are changing the network structure of the current public sphere, it is important to develop new ones.
{"title":"A method for time-varying analysis of YouTube search results and related videos: The case of the war in Ukraine","authors":"João Guilherme Bastos dos Santos","doi":"10.1177/02673231231190762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231190762","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing relevance of platformization sheds light on the role of algorithms in filtering political content, profiling audiences and defining the rules for the competition between traditional outlets and new content creators online. More importantly, algorithms learn and adapt results based on users’ activities online. But, if algorithms learn over time, how to deal with this time-varying dynamic when analysing them? The present paper brings a method for analysing YouTube search ranking and related video algorithm results over time, applied to a corpus of 1346 videos related to the war in Ukraine connected through 7934 related video links, starting on 21st November and stopping on 5th December. Results show that YouTube search and related video algorithms differ considerably in their behaviours, considering the channels and video clusters they benefited over time. It could be a dangerous bias to focus solely on one of the algorithms or presume its functioning based on collections made after – and not during – the political events they influenced. More than a matter of choosing methods, to understand how algorithms are changing the network structure of the current public sphere, it is important to develop new ones.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":"38 1","pages":"500 - 515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44637225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1177/02673231231189036
Charis Papaevangelou
The article discusses the negotiations surrounding the treatment of journalistic content in relation to content regulation in the context of the European Union's Digital Services Act. News media organisations lobbied for a privileged treatment of editorial content from platforms’ content moderation systems during the Digital Services Act's negotiations in the European Parliament, which came to be known as ‘non-interference principle’. Although the principle did not make it to the final version of the Digital Services Act, a provision related to the respect of media pluralism and media freedom by platforms was added. This article draws data from in-depth interviews with stakeholders, as well as from an analysis of legal and communication documents. It aspires to shed light on the political-economic tensions that shaped the final version of Digital Services Act and how the European Union attempted to integrate the asymmetric relationship between news media and platforms in its regulatory agenda.
{"title":"‘The non-interference principle’: Debating online platforms’ treatment of editorial content in the European Union's Digital Services Act","authors":"Charis Papaevangelou","doi":"10.1177/02673231231189036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231189036","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the negotiations surrounding the treatment of journalistic content in relation to content regulation in the context of the European Union's Digital Services Act. News media organisations lobbied for a privileged treatment of editorial content from platforms’ content moderation systems during the Digital Services Act's negotiations in the European Parliament, which came to be known as ‘non-interference principle’. Although the principle did not make it to the final version of the Digital Services Act, a provision related to the respect of media pluralism and media freedom by platforms was added. This article draws data from in-depth interviews with stakeholders, as well as from an analysis of legal and communication documents. It aspires to shed light on the political-economic tensions that shaped the final version of Digital Services Act and how the European Union attempted to integrate the asymmetric relationship between news media and platforms in its regulatory agenda.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":"38 1","pages":"466 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42301831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/02673231231188418b
income. The key questions the book attempts to answer are: ‘how and under what conditions basic human information-seeking activities have been commodified and subordinated to capital in the first place, how search was transformed into a global industry that has accelerated the commodification and commercialization of the Internet and the accumulation of capital, and how it has turned into a new geopolitical focal point of the Internet’ (p. 3). The book is split into Introduction, five substantive chapters and Conclusion. Chapter 1, ‘Searching for Profits’, offers a history of search engine development and ‘shows that search engine technology itself did not inherently have economic value’ (p. 16). Chapter 2, ‘Situating Search’, discusses search’s place within the broader political economy of the Internet. Chapter 3, ‘Laboring behind search’, explores the division of labour behind the search engine. Chapter 4, ‘Digital Welfare Capitalism’, ‘extends the analysis of the labor process to an examination of the methods of labor management and control employed by Google, which sets the trends for the wider industry’ (p. 18). The author reminds us that Google has a reputation for motivating its workforce through giving its highly paid workers ‘unprecedented freedom and ... a voice in the company’ (p. 18). Yeo draws historical parallels to an earlier industrial era. The final substantive chapter, ‘Market Dynamics and Geopolitics’, investigates the transnational nature of Internet industries and the role of geopolitics and transnational capitalism. All in all, this is a fascinating book well worth a read.
{"title":"Book notes: Environmental Communication and Children: Media, Young Audiences, and the More-Than-Human World by Erin Hawley","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02673231231188418b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231188418b","url":null,"abstract":"income. The key questions the book attempts to answer are: ‘how and under what conditions basic human information-seeking activities have been commodified and subordinated to capital in the first place, how search was transformed into a global industry that has accelerated the commodification and commercialization of the Internet and the accumulation of capital, and how it has turned into a new geopolitical focal point of the Internet’ (p. 3). The book is split into Introduction, five substantive chapters and Conclusion. Chapter 1, ‘Searching for Profits’, offers a history of search engine development and ‘shows that search engine technology itself did not inherently have economic value’ (p. 16). Chapter 2, ‘Situating Search’, discusses search’s place within the broader political economy of the Internet. Chapter 3, ‘Laboring behind search’, explores the division of labour behind the search engine. Chapter 4, ‘Digital Welfare Capitalism’, ‘extends the analysis of the labor process to an examination of the methods of labor management and control employed by Google, which sets the trends for the wider industry’ (p. 18). The author reminds us that Google has a reputation for motivating its workforce through giving its highly paid workers ‘unprecedented freedom and ... a voice in the company’ (p. 18). Yeo draws historical parallels to an earlier industrial era. The final substantive chapter, ‘Market Dynamics and Geopolitics’, investigates the transnational nature of Internet industries and the role of geopolitics and transnational capitalism. All in all, this is a fascinating book well worth a read.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":"38 1","pages":"430 - 431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49403087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/02673231231188418c
{"title":"Book notes: Empire and Communications by Harold A. Innis, Edited and Introduced by William J. Buxton","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02673231231188418c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231188418c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":"38 1","pages":"431 - 431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42349857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/02673231231188418d
{"title":"Book notes: Scary Monsters: Monstrosity, Masculinity and Popular Music by Mark Duffett and Jon Hackett","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02673231231188418d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231188418d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":"38 1","pages":"431 - 432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41488154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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