Pub Date : 2023-08-01Epub Date: 2022-10-18DOI: 10.1177/02673231221130926
Victoria Sophie Teschendorf
Especially in times of (corona) crisis, the German press plays a crucial role in communicating Germany's economic policy orientation, influencing how the crisis is communicated to the public. The issue of joint European debt has never been more visible than in these times, as has the threat of a new euro crisis-Italy in focus. This study explores the German media framing of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using Italy as an example. Applying quantitative content analysis, the relative prevalence of frames rooted in competing economic policy paradigms (neoliberal/Keynesian) in press coverage from February to July 2020 is examined. The Keynesian paradigm dominates coverage. Using logit analysis, issue-specific neoliberal frames are identified as solution oriented, while Keynesian frames focus on evaluations. With Germany's policy shift regarding European joint debt and toward European greater fiscal integration, a paradigm shift is observable. Overall, findings demonstrate a relatively paradigmatic pluralistic reporting.
{"title":"The German media as amplifier of the political agenda: The economic policy framing of European conflicts in times of COVID-19.","authors":"Victoria Sophie Teschendorf","doi":"10.1177/02673231221130926","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02673231221130926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Especially in times of (corona) crisis, the German press plays a crucial role in communicating Germany's economic policy orientation, influencing how the crisis is communicated to the public. The issue of joint European debt has never been more visible than in these times, as has the threat of a new euro crisis-Italy in focus. This study explores the German media framing of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using Italy as an example. Applying quantitative content analysis, the relative prevalence of frames rooted in competing economic policy paradigms (neoliberal/Keynesian) in press coverage from February to July 2020 is examined. The Keynesian paradigm dominates coverage. Using logit analysis, issue-specific neoliberal frames are identified as solution oriented, while Keynesian frames focus on evaluations. With Germany's policy shift regarding European joint debt and toward European greater fiscal integration, a paradigm shift is observable. Overall, findings demonstrate a relatively paradigmatic pluralistic reporting.</p>","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9577716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48704905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1177/02673231231189036
Charis Papaevangelou
The article discusses the negotiations surrounding the treatment of journalistic content in relation to content regulation in the context of the European Union's Digital Services Act. News media organisations lobbied for a privileged treatment of editorial content from platforms’ content moderation systems during the Digital Services Act's negotiations in the European Parliament, which came to be known as ‘non-interference principle’. Although the principle did not make it to the final version of the Digital Services Act, a provision related to the respect of media pluralism and media freedom by platforms was added. This article draws data from in-depth interviews with stakeholders, as well as from an analysis of legal and communication documents. It aspires to shed light on the political-economic tensions that shaped the final version of Digital Services Act and how the European Union attempted to integrate the asymmetric relationship between news media and platforms in its regulatory agenda.
{"title":"‘The non-interference principle’: Debating online platforms’ treatment of editorial content in the European Union's Digital Services Act","authors":"Charis Papaevangelou","doi":"10.1177/02673231231189036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231189036","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the negotiations surrounding the treatment of journalistic content in relation to content regulation in the context of the European Union's Digital Services Act. News media organisations lobbied for a privileged treatment of editorial content from platforms’ content moderation systems during the Digital Services Act's negotiations in the European Parliament, which came to be known as ‘non-interference principle’. Although the principle did not make it to the final version of the Digital Services Act, a provision related to the respect of media pluralism and media freedom by platforms was added. This article draws data from in-depth interviews with stakeholders, as well as from an analysis of legal and communication documents. It aspires to shed light on the political-economic tensions that shaped the final version of Digital Services Act and how the European Union attempted to integrate the asymmetric relationship between news media and platforms in its regulatory agenda.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42301831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/02673231231188418b
income. The key questions the book attempts to answer are: ‘how and under what conditions basic human information-seeking activities have been commodified and subordinated to capital in the first place, how search was transformed into a global industry that has accelerated the commodification and commercialization of the Internet and the accumulation of capital, and how it has turned into a new geopolitical focal point of the Internet’ (p. 3). The book is split into Introduction, five substantive chapters and Conclusion. Chapter 1, ‘Searching for Profits’, offers a history of search engine development and ‘shows that search engine technology itself did not inherently have economic value’ (p. 16). Chapter 2, ‘Situating Search’, discusses search’s place within the broader political economy of the Internet. Chapter 3, ‘Laboring behind search’, explores the division of labour behind the search engine. Chapter 4, ‘Digital Welfare Capitalism’, ‘extends the analysis of the labor process to an examination of the methods of labor management and control employed by Google, which sets the trends for the wider industry’ (p. 18). The author reminds us that Google has a reputation for motivating its workforce through giving its highly paid workers ‘unprecedented freedom and ... a voice in the company’ (p. 18). Yeo draws historical parallels to an earlier industrial era. The final substantive chapter, ‘Market Dynamics and Geopolitics’, investigates the transnational nature of Internet industries and the role of geopolitics and transnational capitalism. All in all, this is a fascinating book well worth a read.
{"title":"Book notes: Environmental Communication and Children: Media, Young Audiences, and the More-Than-Human World by Erin Hawley","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02673231231188418b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231188418b","url":null,"abstract":"income. The key questions the book attempts to answer are: ‘how and under what conditions basic human information-seeking activities have been commodified and subordinated to capital in the first place, how search was transformed into a global industry that has accelerated the commodification and commercialization of the Internet and the accumulation of capital, and how it has turned into a new geopolitical focal point of the Internet’ (p. 3). The book is split into Introduction, five substantive chapters and Conclusion. Chapter 1, ‘Searching for Profits’, offers a history of search engine development and ‘shows that search engine technology itself did not inherently have economic value’ (p. 16). Chapter 2, ‘Situating Search’, discusses search’s place within the broader political economy of the Internet. Chapter 3, ‘Laboring behind search’, explores the division of labour behind the search engine. Chapter 4, ‘Digital Welfare Capitalism’, ‘extends the analysis of the labor process to an examination of the methods of labor management and control employed by Google, which sets the trends for the wider industry’ (p. 18). The author reminds us that Google has a reputation for motivating its workforce through giving its highly paid workers ‘unprecedented freedom and ... a voice in the company’ (p. 18). Yeo draws historical parallels to an earlier industrial era. The final substantive chapter, ‘Market Dynamics and Geopolitics’, investigates the transnational nature of Internet industries and the role of geopolitics and transnational capitalism. All in all, this is a fascinating book well worth a read.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49403087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/02673231231188418c
{"title":"Book notes: Empire and Communications by Harold A. Innis, Edited and Introduced by William J. Buxton","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02673231231188418c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231188418c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42349857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/02673231231188418d
{"title":"Book notes: Scary Monsters: Monstrosity, Masculinity and Popular Music by Mark Duffett and Jon Hackett","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02673231231188418d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231188418d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41488154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/02673231231189041
E. Siapera
The article explores Bitchute, a video-hosting platform associated with the Far/Alt Right, with the aim of understanding how it reconfigures political communication and the digital public sphere. Methodologically, the article employs the walkthrough method and non-participant observation to identify the main features and functionalities offered to users. These include a set of values that prioritise creators, an algorithmic organisation that keeps users engaged with a single creator channel rather than with the same topic across channels; and embedded buttons for tips and pledges for creators enabling them to directly monetise their content. The content posted on Bitchute tends to coalesce around politicised cultural issues. It is noteworthy that although Bitchute hosts some advertising, it does not use data for microtargeting and in general makes limited use of user data. We interpret these findings as suggesting that Bitchute constitutes a media infrastructure that encourages, incentivises and sustains microcelebrities of the Far/Alt Right, who act as ideology entrepreneurs. Bitchute can therefore be seen as an infrastructure for the multiplication/sustenance of ideological entrepreneurs/political influencers who vie for the attention and money of far-right publics. If we can speak of a structural transformation of the public sphere associated with Alt Tech, our discussion of Bitchute suggests that this takes the form of a political media infrastructure that enables the continued existence and consolidation of a new type of political actor, the ideology entrepreneur.
{"title":"Alt Tech and the public sphere: Exploring Bitchute as a political media infrastructure","authors":"E. Siapera","doi":"10.1177/02673231231189041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231189041","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores Bitchute, a video-hosting platform associated with the Far/Alt Right, with the aim of understanding how it reconfigures political communication and the digital public sphere. Methodologically, the article employs the walkthrough method and non-participant observation to identify the main features and functionalities offered to users. These include a set of values that prioritise creators, an algorithmic organisation that keeps users engaged with a single creator channel rather than with the same topic across channels; and embedded buttons for tips and pledges for creators enabling them to directly monetise their content. The content posted on Bitchute tends to coalesce around politicised cultural issues. It is noteworthy that although Bitchute hosts some advertising, it does not use data for microtargeting and in general makes limited use of user data. We interpret these findings as suggesting that Bitchute constitutes a media infrastructure that encourages, incentivises and sustains microcelebrities of the Far/Alt Right, who act as ideology entrepreneurs. Bitchute can therefore be seen as an infrastructure for the multiplication/sustenance of ideological entrepreneurs/political influencers who vie for the attention and money of far-right publics. If we can speak of a structural transformation of the public sphere associated with Alt Tech, our discussion of Bitchute suggests that this takes the form of a political media infrastructure that enables the continued existence and consolidation of a new type of political actor, the ideology entrepreneur.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43767185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/02673231231188418a
{"title":"Book notes: Behind the Search Box: Google and the Global Internet Industry by ShinJoung Yeo","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02673231231188418a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231188418a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47679585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-19DOI: 10.1177/02673231231189043
R. Nielsen, R. Fletcher
Platformization has been used to describe how platforms such as Facebook, Google, Twitter, WhatsApp and TikTok have become increasingly important for how people communicate and access information, including news. But to what extent have news media systems in different countries become platformized? Using online survey data from 46 countries, we show that: (a) although over 90% of internet users use at least one social platform, there are large country differences in the proportion that use them to access news; and (b) large country difference in the proportion that still go directly to news websites and apps. Furthermore, we find (c) that country differences at least partly reflect path dependency, more specifically the historic strength of the newspaper market leading to lower levels of news platformization and continued high levels of direct access. These findings show how platformization varies in different parts of the world, provide a framework for capturing how it changes over time, and highlight the potential benefits of bringing together platform studies and comparative media systems research.
{"title":"Comparing the platformization of news media systems: A cross-country analysis","authors":"R. Nielsen, R. Fletcher","doi":"10.1177/02673231231189043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231189043","url":null,"abstract":"Platformization has been used to describe how platforms such as Facebook, Google, Twitter, WhatsApp and TikTok have become increasingly important for how people communicate and access information, including news. But to what extent have news media systems in different countries become platformized? Using online survey data from 46 countries, we show that: (a) although over 90% of internet users use at least one social platform, there are large country differences in the proportion that use them to access news; and (b) large country difference in the proportion that still go directly to news websites and apps. Furthermore, we find (c) that country differences at least partly reflect path dependency, more specifically the historic strength of the newspaper market leading to lower levels of news platformization and continued high levels of direct access. These findings show how platformization varies in different parts of the world, provide a framework for capturing how it changes over time, and highlight the potential benefits of bringing together platform studies and comparative media systems research.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47887987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.1177/02673231231189046
Nikos Smyrnaios, Olivier Baisnée
The platformization of the public sphere refers to the increasing dominance of digital platforms in shaping public discourse, access to information, and the production and dissemination of political content. The public sphere, where citizens inform themselves and engage in political debates, is being transformed by global private corporations like Alphabet and Meta. Their platforms exercise control over cultural producers, political actors, and the distribution of information and communication resources. At the same time, in a context of multiple crises of liberal democracies under capitalism, they offer personalization of content, services, and experiences contributing to the fragmentation of the political landscape. Thus, the platformized public sphere bears a fundamental contradiction in that it emerges through the dialectics between concentration and fragmentation. This has significant implications for freedom of expression, journalism, and the way public discourse is constructed and disseminated. The aim of this issue is to shed light on these fundamental stakes.
{"title":"Critically understanding the platformization of the public sphere","authors":"Nikos Smyrnaios, Olivier Baisnée","doi":"10.1177/02673231231189046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231189046","url":null,"abstract":"The platformization of the public sphere refers to the increasing dominance of digital platforms in shaping public discourse, access to information, and the production and dissemination of political content. The public sphere, where citizens inform themselves and engage in political debates, is being transformed by global private corporations like Alphabet and Meta. Their platforms exercise control over cultural producers, political actors, and the distribution of information and communication resources. At the same time, in a context of multiple crises of liberal democracies under capitalism, they offer personalization of content, services, and experiences contributing to the fragmentation of the political landscape. Thus, the platformized public sphere bears a fundamental contradiction in that it emerges through the dialectics between concentration and fragmentation. This has significant implications for freedom of expression, journalism, and the way public discourse is constructed and disseminated. The aim of this issue is to shed light on these fundamental stakes.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44735233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1177/02673231231188418
Lord Harold Rothermere, L. Beaverbrook, W. Hearst
Knowledge in Children’s News’, focuses on children’s news about the environment. Chapter 4, ‘From Knowledge to Efficacy: The Greening of Children’s Television’, then looks at children’s television. Chapter 5, ‘Nature on Screen: Making “the Environment” Visible in Children’s Film’, considers the role children’s films can play in enhancing knowledge and understanding about the environment. Chapter 6, ‘Young Explorers in Virtual Ecosystems: Environmental Empathy in Animated and Digital Worlds’, is also about children’s screen media but with a focus on empathy. The final chapter, ‘The Mainstreaming of Children’s Voices in Environmental Communication’, explores the powerful role young climate activists have played in recent years. All in all, this is a thought-provoking and well-researched book.
{"title":"Book notes: The Newspaper Axis: Six Press Barons Who Enabled Hitler by Kathryn S. Olmster","authors":"Lord Harold Rothermere, L. Beaverbrook, W. Hearst","doi":"10.1177/02673231231188418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231188418","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge in Children’s News’, focuses on children’s news about the environment. Chapter 4, ‘From Knowledge to Efficacy: The Greening of Children’s Television’, then looks at children’s television. Chapter 5, ‘Nature on Screen: Making “the Environment” Visible in Children’s Film’, considers the role children’s films can play in enhancing knowledge and understanding about the environment. Chapter 6, ‘Young Explorers in Virtual Ecosystems: Environmental Empathy in Animated and Digital Worlds’, is also about children’s screen media but with a focus on empathy. The final chapter, ‘The Mainstreaming of Children’s Voices in Environmental Communication’, explores the powerful role young climate activists have played in recent years. All in all, this is a thought-provoking and well-researched book.","PeriodicalId":47765,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46697725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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