Journal of Transport & Health最新文献

{"title":"Changes in active commuting and changes in work ability and recovery from work in 16,778 Finnish public sector employees","authors":"Essi Kalliolahti ,&nbsp;Kia Gluschkoff ,&nbsp;Eija Haukka ,&nbsp;Timo Lanki ,&nbsp;Juuso J. Jussila ,&nbsp;Jaana I. Halonen ,&nbsp;Tuula Oksanen ,&nbsp;Jenni Ervasti","doi":"10.1016/j.jth.2024.101872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2024.101872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Promotion of active commuting by walking and cycling presents a feasible strategy to increase physical activity levels and improve employee health and wellbeing. Increasing evidence on the health benefits of active commuting exists, but little is known about longitudinal associations between active commuting and work ability, and recovery from work.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted an observational cohort study of 16,778 public sector employees who responded to the Finnish Public Sector study surveys in 2020 and 2022. Within- and between-individual associations of changes in active commuting with changes in work ability and recovery from work were examined using hybrid modelling. Analyses were adjusted for sex and age at T1 (time-invariant confounders in the between-individual part of the analyses) and socio-economic factors, body mass index, health behaviours, and job strain (time-varying confounders in both parts).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After adjustments, an increase in active commuting equivalent to 10 km per week was associated with small within-individual (unstandardized beta (B) = 0.016, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.004–0.028) and between-individual (B = 0.028, 95% CI 0.019–0.038) improvements in work ability. In sex-stratified analyses, the positive within-individual effect on work ability was observed only among women (B = 0.026, 95% CI 0.001–0.040). With recovery from work, only between-individual positive association was observed (B = 0.032, 95% CI = 0.018–0.045).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>It may be possible to improve work ability by increasing active commuting. However, it appears that a change corresponding to tens of weekly kilometres of active commuting is required to achieve a small improvement in work ability. No conclusive evidence supporting that an increase in active commuting enhances recovery from work was found.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221414052400118X/pdfft?md5=47067918916d2b48208066829e0db8a3&pid=1-s2.0-S221414052400118X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A regression-content analysis approach to assess public satisfaction with shared mobility measures against COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Boniphace Kutela ,&nbsp;Nikhil Menon ,&nbsp;Jacob Herman ,&nbsp;Cuthbert Ruseruka ,&nbsp;Subasish Das","doi":"10.1016/j.jth.2024.101873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2024.101873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The transportation sector was severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, with shared mobility services being the most affected due to concerns from the public regarding the high likelihood of being a vector of the virus. Although studies have evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on shared mobility, a deeper understanding of public satisfaction with the measures adopted during COVID-19 has not been explored.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study utilized data collected in the Summer of 2020 across the United States to fill that literature gap. The study applied Ordered Probit (OP) models to explore the factors influencing an individual's confidence in not contracting COVID-19 while using shared mobility modes and Text Network Analysis (TNA) to understand the deeper reasons for their confidence levels.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results show a significant influence of sociodemographic factors, land-use/built environment, pre- and post-COVID travel behavior, and activity participation on respondents’ level of confidence for not contracting COVID-19. Only frequent public transit users showed that they have high confidence in not getting COVID-19 when they use any of the shared mobility options, while people who did not use public transit and those who frequently attend telehealth meetings had low confidence in the measures adopted by shared mobility providers. Furthermore, the text mining results indicated that cleanness was the key theme regardless of the confidence level of the respondents, except for rail and bus transit. However, we observed other patterns of themes across the types of shared mobility.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The study findings can be beneficial in the future to improve ridership during pandemics by considering perceptions and satisfactions of various users.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental socioeconomic status and preschool children’s school accompaniment patterns: Exploring the role of parents in commuting behavior","authors":"F.J. Huertas-Delgado ,&nbsp;C. Cadenas-Sanchez ,&nbsp;A. Muntaner-Mas ,&nbsp;I. Labayen ,&nbsp;D. Moliner-Urdiales ,&nbsp;C. Torrijos-Niño ,&nbsp;J. Sanchis-Moysi ,&nbsp;D. Camiletti-Moiron ,&nbsp;R. Cupeiro ,&nbsp;M. Herrador-Colmenero ,&nbsp;P. Chillón","doi":"10.1016/j.jth.2024.101874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2024.101874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purposes of this study were: 1) to describe the preschool children's accompaniment patterns to school and 2) to analyze the association of the accompaniment person with the parental socioeconomic status.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 2356 parents and their preschool children (4.56 ± 0.87 years old, 46.9% girls) from Spain participated in this study. Parents self-reported their marital status, educational and professional level, and their children’s mode of commuting to school behavior. Binary logistic regressions models were fitted to analyze the associations between the accompaniment with the parental educational and professional level.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The preschool children were mainly accompanied by the mother (68%) and the father’s accompaniment rate was higher when the parents reported higher educational and professional levels (p &lt; 0.05). When the parental educational and professional levels were lower (OR = 1.59 and OR = 1.85, respectively, p &lt; 0.05) or the father’s educational and professional levels were higher (OR = 1.81 and OR = 1.61, respectively, p &lt; 0.05) preschool children were more likely to be actively accompanied by the mother.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Thus, the preschool children were escorted by the mother and actively by the parents when the educational and professional levels were lower. These results highlight the importance of intervening through the father's involvement in high socioeconomic neighborhoods to increase active commuting to school.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of microscale street elements on active transport of mobility-restricted individuals: A systematic review","authors":"Alexandra-Ioana Georgescu ,&nbsp;Hoda Allahbakhshi ,&nbsp;Robert Weibel","doi":"10.1016/j.jth.2024.101842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2024.101842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Ensuring adequate spatial accessibility to diverse facilities is essential to shaping sustainable, inclusive cities and increasing the well-being of citizens. However, mobility-restricted individuals are found to have lower spatial accessibility in urban areas due to contextual factors, such as physical barriers. Most accessibility assessments focus on the general population and use the road network, due to the lack of data on how contextual factors influence different individuals and lack of geographical data representing pedestrian infrastructure or accessibility features.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We searched three databases: Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed. After filtering for eligibility, we examined the remaining 20 studies to understand the perceptions mobility-restricted individuals (i.e., mobility-impaired, visually impaired, or older adults) have of microscale street elements present in urban environments. Data regarding target population groups, data collection methods used and mentioned street elements were extracted.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The included works tend to focus on a single population group, and disregard within-group differences regarding mobility capacities. Qualitative methods, such as interviews, focus groups and questionnaires, are most frequently used to investigate individual perceptions. To a great extent, individuals perceive microscale street elements differently depending on their mobility capacities. Even if partial overlap exists between population groups, when considering the frequency with which the street elements were mentioned, the impact on their individual accessibility may differ drastically. Certain street elements were highlighted, which can have a twofold effect, acting as barriers for some individuals and facilitators for others.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results show that contradicting needs stemming from between- and within-group heterogeneities, together with the highly contextual character of spatial accessibility, pose extensive challenges for designing a barrier-free space for everyone. The results of this review provide a basis for urban planners and policymakers to design the urban infrastructure from a more inclusive perspective, based on comprehensive knowledge.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140524000884/pdfft?md5=5b8e287ac9c7de189e0bf48b65198069&pid=1-s2.0-S2214140524000884-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of safety in modal choice and shift: A transport users’ perspective in Australia","authors":"Mohammad Nabil Ibrahim,&nbsp;David B. Logan,&nbsp;Sjaan Koppel,&nbsp;Brian Fildes","doi":"10.1016/j.jth.2024.101863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2024.101863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study explored the perspectives of transport users about the role of safety in modal choice and shift and the use of safer modes of public transport.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An online survey explored current modal choice and potential modal shift, consideration of safety in mode selection, and the importance of safety compared to other factors. The survey data were analysed using descriptive and significant analysis to identify key perspectives among transport users.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>While many participants favour alternative modes over the safest public transport options, a significant percentage contemplate a modal shift with increasing interest in public transport. Although most participants recognise the importance of safety in general, it ranks low when ranked against other factors in both modal choice and modal shift considerations. However, safety gains a higher position in modal shift deliberations. Key factors influencing both modal choice and modal shift include time, journey utilisation, personal safety, cost, convenience, and mode availability. Younger participants, students, and those travelling for study purposes are shown to prioritise safety less. Students and young individuals prioritise time, while older individuals, retirees, and the self-employed prioritise convenience. Those with travel needs prioritise certainty and personal safety.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The role of safety in the current modal choice process is limited, but it becomes more considerable for future modal shifts, especially with increased user focus on transitioning towards safer public transport modes. This, alongside the overall recognition of transport safety, presents an opportunity to mitigate road injuries through modal shift. However, policymakers need to prioritise improvements to public transport that address crucial factors influencing modal choice, as well as demographic variations, to encourage a shift towards public transport. Targeted interventions aimed at promoting safer transportation modes have the potential to alter travel behaviour, potentially leading to a reduction in road fatalities and serious injuries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140524001099/pdfft?md5=797c8eb56379938b3801093a069b297d&pid=1-s2.0-S2214140524001099-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An investigation of relationships between aberrant driving behavior and crash risk among long-haul truck drivers traveling across India: A Structural Equation Modeling approach","authors":"Balamurugan Shandhana Rashmi,&nbsp;Sankaran Marisamynathan","doi":"10.1016/j.jth.2024.101871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2024.101871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Road Traffic Crashes (RTC) are showing an increasing trend around the world. Empirical evidence suggests that the majority of the crashes are attributed to unsafe or dangerous driving behaviors among drivers. However, little is known about the crash risk among professional drivers such as Long-Haul Truck Drivers (LHTDs) considering aberrant driving behaviors in developing countries like India. <em>Objectives</em>: This study aims to investigate the direct effects of characteristics of LHTDs including socio-demographic, work and vehicle, health-related lifestyle on crash risk. This study also attempts to investigate the indirect impacts of socio-demographic characteristics on crash involvement among LHTDs mediated through aberrant driving behaviors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using cross sectional study design, face-to-face interviews were conducted among LHTDs in Salem city, Tamil Nadu, India. A Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) consisting of 23 items was utilized to measure aberrant driving behaviors among LHTDs and information related to background variables was also collected. A total of 756 valid samples were used for analysis purpose. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed a four-factor solution including errors, lapses, ordinary, and aggressive violations and the identified structure was validated using confirmatory factor analysis. The deployment of Structural Equation Model (SEM) enabled identification of interrelationships among identified latent and observed variables. <em>Results</em>: The developed SEM model showed that all the identified four latent constructs were positively associated with crash involvement among LHTDs. The results further revealed that age and marital status were found to exhibit an indirect impact on crash involvement in addition to direct effects.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings from this study could serve road safety authorities and Indian trucking industries to target risky driving behaviors in order to develop engineering and interventional countermeasures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stakeholder perspectives on the adoption and application of Intelligent Speed Assistance in UK vehicles","authors":"Marianne Day ,&nbsp;Paul Norman ,&nbsp;Damian Poulter ,&nbsp;Özgün Özkan ,&nbsp;Richard Rowe","doi":"10.1016/j.jth.2024.101868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2024.101868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Intelligent speed assistance (ISA) is an in-vehicle technology which can assist drivers to comply with speed limits and therefore avoid speeding penalties and reduce crash severity and frequency. ISA's road safety impact will depend on the extent to which drivers use it which in turn will be influenced by the actions of stakeholders involved in ISA roll-out.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study interviewed 60 stakeholders from road safety practitioners and researchers (<em>n</em> = 14), police and crash investigation (<em>n</em> = 6), insurance (<em>n</em> = 6), driver training (<em>n</em> = 5), manufacturing and technology (<em>n</em> = 12), policy and infrastructure (<em>n</em> = 14) and motoring organisations (<em>n</em> = 3). Thematic analysis generated three superordinate themes: 1) Benefits and concerns, 2) Driver culture and behaviour, and 3) Stakeholder preferences.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Around three quarters of stakeholders were in favour of fitment of ISA in UK vehicles, one third preferred an intervening ISA and one third an advisory ISA. ISA was described as having the potential to reduce road crashes, improve speed compliance, protect vulnerable road users, and change ingrained speeding behaviours. Concerns around ISA included technical inaccuracies, reduced driver control, driver restrictions and system complexity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings highlight that the potential safety benefits offered by ISA require public acceptance to be realised. Therefore, they indicate a need to develop safety campaigns to highlight these potential benefits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140524001142/pdfft?md5=c51f70e44eae96f5cf40890300cf33e0&pid=1-s2.0-S2214140524001142-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining active mobility from spatial to social in Singapore","authors":"Belinda Yuen ,&nbsp;Md Rashed Bhuyan ,&nbsp;Darren Ho ,&nbsp;Sam C. Joyce","doi":"10.1016/j.jth.2024.101869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2024.101869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Walking is an active mobility option with health and social benefits. Many cities including Singapore are expanding pedestrian infrastructure and creating walkable neighbourhoods. But the connection of neighbourhood walkability and walking behaviour among residents, especially older adults remains less examined. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between everyday walking behaviours and neighbourhood design characteristics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Utilising generative focus group discussions with 12 participants, including older adults, this exploratory research collected personal and collective stories on residents' walks around Singapore's high-rise, high-density public housing neighbourhoods of Tampines Town, including their attitudes, aversions, and aspects of environmental barriers and enablers for walking.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All 12 participants had walked in their neighbourhoods during the 7 days preceding the focus group discussion. A key motivation for walking in the neighbourhood was everyday life activities and needs, such as to get out of the house, walking for food, groceries, work, exercise, and health, reinforcing the pivotal role of these opportunities in residents’ active mobility life space and the availability and accessibility to these local facilities. Drawing on their everyday lived experiences, participants shared their conception of walkable neighbourhood, the adequacy of neighbourhood places for walking, the environmental barriers and enablers. Older participants spoke about walkable environments helping them to reach essential destinations safely every day and contributing to not only their physical health but also social and mental health (through contact with nature and interaction with neighbours and others within the neighbourhood). Where they would walk is often influenced by their perception of the place, sense of safety, and the presence/absence of services.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings lend local priorities for walkable neighbourhoods based on what residents think and blending social consensus. The policy implication is a need to consider both place enhancement and people's experience, including experiential micro-social and psychological aspects and their interlinkages when designing inclusive walkable neighbourhood.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unacknowledged health costs of subway transportation: Commuting time dominant environmental inequality in PM2.5 exposure","authors":"Huan Lin ,&nbsp;Xiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuhan Hu ,&nbsp;Shiqiu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jth.2024.101865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2024.101865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The subway network offers economical and swift transportation for long-distance commuters, simultaneously mitigating urban congestion and environmental challenges in sprawling metropolises. Nonetheless, studies have revealed that subway represent a microenvironment with heightened exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), a facet of air pollution overlooked by the majority of commuters. Focusing on the case of Beijing's subway commuters, we assess the health and economic impact of personal exposure to PM_2.5 during their commuting, as well as the distributional effects of these impacts across subgroups of populations with different daily commuting durations.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This study adopts an integrated process to estimate the health outcomes and associated economic loss caused by subway commutes under different exposure scenarios. The overall daily exposure was estimated by aggregating exposure in different microenvironments using the microenvironmental exposure model. The health impact was then evaluated using the integrated exposure-response (IER) model. The economic value of the health impact was assessed based on the value of statistical life (VSL) of the affected population.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>Our findings indicate that subway commutes lead to an increase of 11.6% and 26.3% in health damage and corresponding economic loss attributable to PM_2.5 exposure through “crowding out” of exposure duration in relatively “cleaner” microenvironments in 2017 and 2020, respectively. Long-distance commuters who travel over 100 min per day, make up 25% of subway commuters and are disproportionately responsible for 40% of the total health damages and economic losses caused by subway PM_2.5 exposure. Reducing PM_2.5 concentration in subway cabins can more effectively offset the additional impacts brought about by the extended and rather inelastic subway commuting.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The result unearthed by our study advocates for urgent measures to ameliorate the air quality within subway systems, a move that promises to mitigate the unequal burdens and rectify the inequities borne by at-risk demographics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions to increase active travel: A systematic review","authors":"Eleanor Roaf ,&nbsp;Harriet Larrington-Spencer ,&nbsp;Emma R. Lawlor","doi":"10.1016/j.jth.2024.101860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2024.101860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Active travel is beneficial to human and planetary health. This systematic review aims to synthesise the evidence on interventions aiming to promote active travel.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Studies that included an intervention aiming at increasing active travel with pre- and post-intervention measurement of active travel levels were identified through searches of seven databases, with methodological quality assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 3895 studies (3934 papers) identified, 78 were eligible for inclusion and synthesised narratively within five categories: studies relating to children (n = 10), social/behavioural/policy interventions (n = 18), interventions offering access to/subsidies for bicycles (n = 16), interventions including infrastructure/environmental change without other interventions (n = 20) and those that included multicomponent interventions (n = 14). Most studies (72/78) had a medium or high risk of bias often due to small sample sizes or high participant loss at follow-up. Multicomponent interventions had the highest impact on active travel levels. Interventions that only included social/behavioural/policy elements generally had little impact and had to be repeated/sustained for any impact to be maintained. Increasing the walkability of an area increases walking rates, but small-scale cycling infrastructure improvements without other supportive measures often leads to route substitution rather than an increase in cycling rates. E-bike loans increased active travel and reduced car use, at least in the short term. In studies targeting children, walking buses/cycle trains showed positive impacts.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Interventions combining infrastructure change with behavioural/social programmes, interventions involving e-bikes, and cycle-sharing schemes had most impact on active travel levels. Policy makers and planners should ensure that interventions that <em>only</em> address behavioural or social aspects of active travel have long- not short-term funding. If population level change is to be achieved, such interventions should also be accompanied by environmental and infrastructure changes, including road space reallocation and access to e-bikes. This requires political buy-in and public engagement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140524001063/pdfft?md5=0cd3a20b07722b35fbddd3695cbdb0c8&pid=1-s2.0-S2214140524001063-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}