Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal最新文献_第5页

Power and community engagement: Developmental impact of community development agreement in Kono diamond mining areas, Sierra Leone 权力与社区参与：塞拉利昂科诺钻石开采区社区发展协议的发展影响

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101578

Sigismond A. Wilson

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of community-led community development in Koidu in Kono district, Sierra Leone following a community development agreement (CDA) between Koidu Limited and Koidu community, drawing from community engagement literature and utilizing power as an analytical lens. Data for this study was primarily garnered from semi-structured interviews of thirty participants in Koidu community in Kono District, Sierra Leone in December 2022, and January 2023. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed. The findings of the study reveal that community engagement and democratic procedure were instrument in the establishment of the community development committee (CDC), a community representative body that selects and implements community development projects. The study shows that community engagement occurred among community groups in identifying and selecting proposed development projects. However, unequal power relations amongst CDC members and the social structure within the CDC resulted in the approval and implementation of infrastructure projects such as schools, a hospital, and multipurpose buildings yet it failed to approve proposed projects submitted by youth and women's groups.

在科伊杜有限公司与科伊杜社区签署社区发展协议（CDA）之后，本研究对塞拉利昂科诺区科伊杜的社区主导型社区发展进行了全面分析，并借鉴了社区参与文献，将权力作为分析视角。本研究的数据主要来自 2022 年 12 月和 2023 年 1 月对塞拉利昂科诺区科伊杜社区 30 名参与者进行的半结构化访谈。对访谈进行了记录、转录和主题分析。研究结果表明，社区参与和民主程序是建立社区发展委员会（CDC）的工具，该委员会是一个社区代表机构，负责选择和实施社区发展项目。研究表明，在确定和选择拟议的发展项目时，社区团体之间进行了社区参与。然而，社区发展委员会成员之间不平等的权力关系和社区发展委员会内部的社会结构导致了学校、医院和多功能建筑等基础设施项目的批准和实施，但却未能批准青年和妇女团体提交的拟议项目。

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引用次数: 0

Nationalist enclaves: Industrialising the critical mineral boom in Indonesia 民族主义飞地：印度尼西亚关键矿产繁荣的工业化

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101564

Eve Warburton

Nickel's new status as a critical transition mineral has altered developmental agendas in the world's largest producer—Indonesia. The country's resource nationalist ambitions for a higher-value downstream mining industry dovetail with global demand for nickel, a key ingredient in low-carbon technologies like electric vehicles. Indonesia banned raw nickel exports and forced importers, primarily from China, to invest in downstream processing facilities. As a result, Indonesia's nickel industry expanded at breathtaking speed, export revenues soared, and economic growth along the country's nickel belt grew to over three times the national average. Indonesia's leaders cast the downstream sector as both an economic success story and a point of nationalist pride. This paper reflects critically on nickel-led growth in Indonesia, arguing the industry is generating new nationalist enclaves. I advance this concept to capture the paradox that new nickel-based industrial parks meet resource nationalist demands for a value-added extractive sector; yet the parks emerge as reconstituted extractive economic enclaves. Nickel-led growth relies on narrow networks of foreign and politically-connected domestic capital, and the industry's benefits are unevenly distributed. These political economy arrangements generate positive pecuniary externalities for a narrow set of state and private actors, and familiar negative externalities for the environment and communities at sites of extraction.

镍作为重要过渡矿产的新地位改变了世界最大生产国--印度尼西亚的发展议程。印尼的资源民族主义野心是发展价值更高的下游采矿业，这与全球对镍的需求不谋而合，而镍是电动汽车等低碳技术的关键成分。印尼禁止镍原料出口，并迫使进口商（主要来自中国）投资下游加工设施。结果，印尼的镍产业以惊人的速度扩张，出口收入飙升，印尼镍矿带沿线的经济增长超过了全国平均水平的三倍。印尼领导人将下游行业视为经济成功的典范和民族自豪感的象征。本文对印尼以镍为主导的经济增长进行了批判性反思，认为该行业正在产生新的民族主义飞地。我提出这一概念是为了捕捉这样一个悖论：以镍为基础的新工业园区满足了资源民族主义对高附加值采掘业的需求；然而，这些园区却成为了重新组合的采掘经济飞地。以镍为主导的增长依赖于外国资本和与政治有关联的国内资本的狭隘网络，该产业的利益分配不均。这些政治经济安排为少数国家和私人行为者带来了积极的金钱外部效应，同时也为采掘地的环境和社区带来了众所周知的消极外部效应。

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引用次数: 0

Values-driven water management in coal seam gas industries 煤层气行业以价值观为导向的水资源管理

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101566

Sarah Shalsi , Kamila Svobodova , Glen Corder , Katherine Witt

Achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals hinges on changing how governments, societies, and the private sector use and manage water, including recognizing and incorporating water's multiple values into decision-making. This article focuses on the beneficial reuse of water generated as a by-product of coal seam gas industries (CSW). It offers insights applicable to the broader context of water management within extractive industries. In this paper, we introduce a conceptual framework for identifying multiple values associated with CSW. By conducting a literature review on CSW management, its beneficial reuse, and the values associated with CSW and water in general, we found that existing literature primarily focused on technical aspects, neglecting broader social implications. Our proposed hierarchical framework begins with universal values and progresses to shared and individual values of two types: assigned and governance-related values. These include economic, environmental, and social domains, each with its own value typologies, as well as good governance and justice values. By encompassing diverse values, this framework can enhance regulations and policy for coal seam gas development and water management. It recognizes that management strategies depend on how values are conceptualized, contributing to equitable and sustainable water management in extractive industries.

实现联合国可持续发展目标的关键在于改变政府、社会和私营部门使用和管理水的方式，包括认识到水的多重价值并将其纳入决策。本文重点关注煤层气工业（CSW）副产品水的有益再利用。它提供了适用于采掘业水资源管理这一更广泛背景的见解。在本文中，我们介绍了一个概念框架，用于识别与 CSW 相关的多种价值。通过对 CSW 管理、CSW 的有益再利用以及 CSW 和水的一般相关价值进行文献综述，我们发现现有文献主要侧重于技术方面，而忽略了更广泛的社会影响。我们提出的分层框架从普遍价值观开始，逐步发展到共同价值观和个人价值观，分为两类：指定价值观和与治理相关的价值观。这些价值包括经济、环境和社会领域（每个领域都有自己的价值类型），以及善治和公正价值。通过涵盖不同的价值观，该框架可以加强煤层气开发和水资源管理的法规和政策。它认识到管理策略取决于如何将价值观概念化，从而促进采掘业公平、可持续的水资源管理。

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引用次数: 0

Economic impacts of oil and gas clusters: Analyzing the influence of oil and gas revenues in Brazil and Texas 石油和天然气集群的经济影响：分析巴西和得克萨斯州石油和天然气收入的影响

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101571

Jorge Amaro Bastos Alves , Jin Han Park , Jianbang Gan , Marcus Polette

This study analyzes the correlation between oil and gas firms and their contribution to regional development in the Brazilian southeast coastal region and in the State of Texas from 2013 to 2017. The study uses Pearson's correlation to examine the effects of oil revenues distributed in local economies and their tax contributions on seven local development indicators. Results show a strong correlation between oil and gas incomes and GDP growth in both regions, with Brazil being more dependent on these resources. However, the correlations do not necessarily translate into broader societal advancements, indicating a need for development policies that support sustained oil and gas clusters to improve socio-economic conditions. The findings underscore the importance of strategic planning in resource-rich regions to mitigate risks associated with resource dependency.

本研究分析了 2013 年至 2017 年巴西东南沿海地区和得克萨斯州的石油和天然气公司与其对地区发展的贡献之间的相关性。研究采用皮尔逊相关性来考察石油收入在地方经济中的分配及其税收贡献对七个地方发展指标的影响。结果显示，这两个地区的石油和天然气收入与 GDP 增长之间存在很强的相关性，其中巴西对这些资源的依赖程度更高。然而，这种相关性并不一定会转化为更广泛的社会进步，这表明需要制定支持石油和天然气产业集群持续发展的发展政策，以改善社会经济状况。研究结果强调了在资源丰富的地区进行战略规划以降低与资源依赖性相关的风险的重要性。

引用次数: 0

Extractive separations: A Polanyian note on the international investment treaty regime 采掘分离：关于国际投资条约制度的波兰尼注释

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101559

Rob Aitken

This paper examines the relationship between extractive industries and the In-ternational Investment Treaty Regime. This regime, I argue, works to separate extrac-tive investments from the social conditions that make those investments and extractions possible. Examining 3 recent cases—Bear Creek, Von Pezold and Rockhopper, I argue that international investment arbitration invokes novel and deeper separations. More-over, the kinds of separations now enabled in the investment treaty regime take diverse form. To explore this diversity, this paper foregrounds 3 techniques of separation made visible in these 3 cases including techniques of displacement, differentiation and ab-straction. This, in turn, signals a broader contradiction in international investment ar-bitration— a form of practice now deeply contested by those keen to rethread investment governance to social context but shaped by decisions that sever investments from those contexts in ever abstract ways. Read in Polanyian terms, I argue there is a tension be-tween investments deeply embedded in social contexts but increasingly disembedded as abstracted legal and financial objects.

本文探讨了采掘业与《国际投资条约》制度之间的关系。我认为，该制度的作用是将外来投资与使这些投资和采掘成为可能的社会条件分离开来。通过研究最近的三个案例--熊溪、冯-佩佐尔德和洛克霍珀，我认为国际投资仲裁引发了新的和更深层次的分离。此外，投资条约制度中的分离形式多种多样。为了探讨这种多样性，本文强调了在这三个案例中可见的三种分离技术，包括置换技术、区分技术和撤销技术。反过来，这也预示着国际投资仲裁中的一个更广泛的矛盾--这种实践形式现在受到那些热衷于将投资治理与社会环境重新结合起来的人的强烈质疑，但却被以越来越抽象的方式将投资与这些环境割裂开来的决定所左右。从波兰尼的角度来看，我认为投资深深嵌入社会环境，但又日益脱离抽象的法律和金融对象，这两者之间存在着紧张关系。

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引用次数: 0

Drivers of artisanal and small-scale mining in the Denkyira area, central region of Ghana 加纳中部地区登基拉地区手工和小规模采矿的驱动因素

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101569

Samuel Antwi , Stephen Bugu Kendie , Emmanuel Yamoah Tenkorang , Simon Mariwah

This study examined how social pressures push people into artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) in the Denkyira area in the Central Region of Ghana. A mixed-method approach was used. Random sampling was used to select 183 registered miners and their workers while convenience sampling was used to select 190 unregistered miners and their workers. Purposive sampling was used to select seven key informants. Binary logistic regression and frequencies were used to analyse the quantitative data while the qualitative data was analysed thematically. The study found that miners used their material success acquired through mining to entice others to engage in mining. Based on this finding, the study recommends that stakeholders interested in stopping the menace of irresponsible ASM activities should focus on creating social norms that work against the display of wealth and worldly success.

本研究探讨了加纳中部地区登基拉地区的社会压力如何迫使人们从事手工和小规模采矿（ASM）。研究采用了混合方法。随机抽样选取了 183 名注册矿工及其工人，方便抽样选取了 190 名未注册矿工及其工人。对 7 名关键信息提供者采用了目的性抽样。定量数据采用二元逻辑回归法和频率法进行分析，定性数据则采用主题分析法。研究发现，矿工利用他们通过采矿获得的物质成功来吸引其他人从事采矿。基于这一发现，研究建议有兴趣制止不负责任的个体和小型金矿开采活动威胁的利益相关者应重点关注建立反对炫耀财富和世俗成功的社会规范。

引用次数: 0

“All we have left is to defend our reserve”: Social structures and community resistance to large-scale gold mining in the Manuripi Wildlife Reserve in northern Bolivia "我们剩下的就是保卫我们的保护区"：玻利维亚北部马努里皮野生动物保护区的社会结构和社区对大规模金矿开采的抵制

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101574

Janpeter Schilling , Claudia Pinzón Cuellar , Rebecca Froese , Diana Figueroa , Miguel Villavicencio , Luise Werland , Regine Schönenberg

This article presents a case of community resistance against industrial large-scale gold mining (LSM) in the Manuripi National Amazonian Wildlife Reserve in northern Bolivia. Most of the reserve's population depends on collecting Brazil nuts and other non-timber forest products. Recent plans to start LSM on land pose an existential threat to the forest-based livelihoods and environment of the reserve. Hence, the communities are resisting LSM. As previous studies have stressed the importance of social relations, networks and institutions to organize resistance, the article investigates how communities living in the Manuripi Reserve draw on social structures to resist the planned LSM. To address this question, we develop a framework that combines insights from the literature on political ecology and resistance in order to analyze context conditions, the threat of LSM, and the responses to it. Based on fieldwork conducted in 2022 and 2023, our analysis shows that the communities are strengthening their existing forest-based livelihoods as a form of everyday resistance and utilizing the reserve's management committee for organized resistance against LSM.

本文介绍了玻利维亚北部马努里皮国家亚马逊野生动物保护区的一个社区抵制大规模工业采金活动（LSM）的案例。该保护区的大部分人口以采集巴西坚果和其他非木材林产品为生。最近计划在这片土地上开始种植 LSM，这对保护区内以森林为生的生计和环境构成了生存威胁。因此，社区正在抵制 LSM。以往的研究强调了社会关系、网络和机构在组织抵制活动方面的重要性，因此本文研究了生活在马努里皮保护区的社区如何利用社会结构来抵制计划中的 LSM。为了解决这个问题，我们建立了一个框架，将政治生态学和抵制文献中的观点结合起来，以分析背景条件、水下呼吸运动的威胁以及对此的反应。根据 2022 年和 2023 年进行的实地调查，我们的分析表明，社区正在加强其现有的森林生计，以此作为日常抵抗的一种形式，并利用保护区的管理委员会有组织地抵抗 LSM。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrosocial imaginaries of green extractivism: Water-energy transitions and geothermal lithium development at the Salton Sea in Imperial Valley, California 绿色采掘的水社会想象：加利福尼亚帝国谷 Salton 海的水能转换和地热锂开发

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101567

Alexa Britton , Luis Olmedo , Christian A. Torres , James J.A. Blair

Lithium is considered an “energy transition mineral” for mitigating climate change because it is a key component of batteries for electric vehicles and renewable energy storage. Even though it is framed as green, lithium mining has significant impacts on communities and ecosystems, especially in relation to water. This research takes a hydrosocial approach to examine the benefits and burdens of a proposed alternative method to avoid the harmful impacts of conventional lithium mining from brine evaporation or open-pit mining, by pairing geothermal energy production with direct lithium extraction (DLE) in the Salton Sea region of California. Government and industry proponents have framed this novel technology as an environmentally superior process, and boosters seek to transform the southeast edge of the Salton Sea in Imperial Valley into "Lithium Valley." We examine the emergence of green extractivism in Imperial Valley through three hydrosocial imaginaries: (1) reclamation; (2) restoration; and (3) recovery. Reclamation offers a lens through which to critically analyze the foundation of the Salton Sea, which is deeply rooted in colonialism, dispossession and industrialization. Restoration encompasses the environmental and public health impacts that a receding sea level and agro-industrial waste streams have on the region. Finally, geothermal lithium development has been framed by tech entrepreneurs, energy firms and resource managers as a process of “recovery” that would deliver community benefits and cleaner energy, while evading negative connotations of mineral “extraction.” Drawing from collaborative research and action for environmental justice, this study contributes to community engagement on the proposed Lithium Valley development.

锂被认为是减缓气候变化的 "能源转型矿产"，因为它是电动汽车电池和可再生能源存储的关键组成部分。尽管锂矿被称为绿色矿产，但其开采对社区和生态系统，尤其是对水产生了重大影响。本研究采用水社会的方法，在加利福尼亚州的萨尔顿海地区，通过将地热能源生产与直接锂提取（DLE）相结合的方式，研究一种可避免传统卤水蒸发或露天开采锂矿的有害影响的替代方法的益处和负担。政府和行业支持者将这种新技术描述为一种环保型工艺，推动者试图将位于帝王谷的萨尔顿海东南边缘改造成 "锂谷"。我们通过三种水文社会想象来研究帝国谷绿色开采主义的出现：（1）开垦；（2）恢复；（3）复原。开垦为批判性地分析萨尔顿海的基础提供了一个视角，而这一基础深深植根于殖民主义、剥夺和工业化。恢复包括海平面下降和农业工业废物流对该地区环境和公共健康的影响。最后，地热锂的开发被科技企业家、能源公司和资源管理者称为 "恢复 "的过程，它将带来社区利益和更清洁的能源，同时避免矿物 "开采 "的负面含义。本研究借鉴了环境正义的合作研究和行动，有助于社区参与拟议的锂谷开发项目。

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引用次数: 0

Community voices: Assessing the benefits and concerns of mining in China 社区的声音：评估中国采矿业的益处与担忧

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101561

Danyang Li

Mining activities often have significant positive and negative effects on local communities. This study presents insights from China, focusing on rural communities’ perspectives on the overall benefits of mining. The initial investigation was conducted at three sites in April and May 2022. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 29 key stakeholders, including officials from county mining and land administration departments, mining rights holders, representatives from the mining association, township government officials, and a group of local farmers. The study identifies and utilises four indicators to assess the impact of mining: employment opportunities, environmental pollution, land expropriation, and land subsidence with associated resettlement. The analysis involves a diverse sample of 352 farmers who are demographically and economically spread across six provinces and reside near mining areas. The findings revealed that only a minority of farmers perceived mining as yielding net benefits, with direct employment being the primary influencing factor. While land expropriation has a minimal impact on perceived benefits, land subsidence significantly affects these perceptions. Although relocation helps farmers mitigate risks, it does not substantially alter the overall negative perceptions of mining among the population. This study underscores the need for the Chinese government to develop a sustainable framework to address the risks associated with mining, with a particular focus on displacement and resettlement issues.

采矿活动通常会对当地社区产生重大的积极和消极影响。本研究介绍了来自中国的见解，重点关注农村社区对采矿总体效益的看法。初步调查于 2022 年 4 月和 5 月在三个地点进行。对 29 位主要利益相关者进行了半结构化访谈，包括县矿业和土地管理部门官员、采矿权持有人、矿业协会代表、乡镇政府官员和当地农民。本研究确定并使用了四项指标来评估采矿的影响：就业机会、环境污染、土地征用和土地沉陷及相关的移民安置。分析涉及 352 名农民的不同样本，他们的人口和经济分布在六个省份，居住在矿区附近。研究结果显示，只有少数农民认为采矿能带来净收益，而直接就业是主要的影响因素。虽然征用土地对农民认为的收益影响很小，但土地沉陷对农民的看法影响很大。虽然搬迁可以帮助农民降低风险，但并不能从根本上改变人们对采矿的整体负面看法。这项研究强调，中国政府有必要制定一个可持续的框架，以解决与采矿相关的风险问题，尤其要关注搬迁和重新安置问题。

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引用次数: 0

Reinventing the global oil capital: The sociotechnical dynamics of industrial net-zero megaprojects in Texas 重塑全球石油资本：得克萨斯州工业净零巨型项目的社会技术动力

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101518

Kyle S. Herman , Benjamin K. Sovacool

Texas, the “energy capital of the world,” is undergoing a widescale technological transition in response to recent climate policies in the United States. There is immense potential for industrial decarbonization in Texas—which already has extensive experience with carbon capture and enhanced oil recovery—and thousands of miles of hydrogen and CO2 transport pipelines. Successful reorientation of its industry towards net-zero could provide a blueprint to industrial regions elsewhere. This article investigates industrial decarbonization megaprojects using the Triple-Embeddedness Framework (TEF), which emphasizes the region as a sociotechnical and industrial regime. Through a longitudinal analysis of five temporal TEF phases, we uncover significant reorientation as new constellations of industrial actors coalesce and consolidate. Nevertheless, some technological dimensions of the industry regime are resistant to systematic, whole systems change, such as blue hydrogen and CO2 capture hubs—which are tethered to fossil fuel production.

得克萨斯州作为 "世界能源之都"，正在根据美国最近的气候政策进行大规模的技术转型。得克萨斯州在工业脱碳方面有着巨大的潜力，在碳捕集和提高石油采收率方面已经积累了丰富的经验，并拥有数千英里的氢气和二氧化碳运输管道。成功调整工业方向，实现净零排放，可以为其他地区的工业区提供一个蓝图。本文采用三重嵌入式框架（TEF）对工业脱碳大型项目进行研究，该框架强调地区作为社会技术和工业制度的重要性。通过对 TEF 五个时间阶段的纵向分析，我们发现，随着新的工业参与者组合的凝聚和巩固，方向发生了重大调整。尽管如此，该产业体系的某些技术层面仍难以实现系统性的整体变革，例如蓝色氢气和二氧化碳捕集中心--它们与化石燃料生产紧密相连。

引用次数: 0