Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101951
Francisco Olivos
The use that agents do of cultural knowledge to navigate institutions is a major explanation of inequalities. Nevertheless, the difficulties accessing culture knowledge have led sociologists of education to often rely on declarative forms of culture to gauge explanations on inequalities. Based on the case of Chile, this study contributes to educational inequality research by using factorial survey experiments to assess the stratification of evaluative principles of educational quality or what is termed "judgments of the game." Different teaching and school resources features were experimentally manipulated and presented to representative and probabilistic samples of parents and primary school students to measure their evaluative principles of educational quality. Findings show that socially advantaged parents and students, and from private schools, tend to evaluate educational quality more critically and attribute stronger effects to vignette features, suggesting cultural knowledge stratification. Thus, this study contributes to cultural sociology, sociology of education, and stratification research by testing one of the central theoretical propositions on the explanations of educational inequalities.
{"title":"Stratification of educational quality judgments: Insights from two factorial survey experiments on socioeconomic differences in student and parent evaluations","authors":"Francisco Olivos","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use that agents do of cultural knowledge to navigate institutions is a major explanation of inequalities. Nevertheless, the difficulties accessing culture knowledge have led sociologists of education to often rely on declarative forms of culture to gauge explanations on inequalities. Based on the case of Chile, this study contributes to educational inequality research by using factorial survey experiments to assess the stratification of evaluative principles of educational quality or what is termed \"judgments of the game.\" Different teaching and school resources features were experimentally manipulated and presented to representative and probabilistic samples of parents and primary school students to measure their evaluative principles of educational quality. Findings show that socially advantaged parents and students, and from private schools, tend to evaluate educational quality more critically and attribute stronger effects to vignette features, suggesting cultural knowledge stratification. Thus, this study contributes to cultural sociology, sociology of education, and stratification research by testing one of the central theoretical propositions on the explanations of educational inequalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101944
Jimpei Hitsuwari , Michio Nomura
Haiku, the world's shortest form of poetry, has usually been deemed ambiguous owing to its length. However, studies have shown that ambiguity lowers the aesthetic evaluation of a haiku, which contradicts the belief that ambiguity is a characteristic of both the haiku and art in general. One reason for this contradiction may be the interaction with the readers’ attributes, in particular, their expertise—a theme considered important in the field of aesthetic psychology. Therefore, in this study, we had 20 experts and 20 novices evaluate 20 low- and 20 high-ambiguity haikus, which another group of novices had evaluated and distinguished in the pilot study. The results revealed that the novices exhibited a lower liking for high-ambiguity haikus, whereas the experts demonstrated the same degree of liking for both high- and low-ambiguity haikus. Additionally, the experts had lower perceived ambiguity for high-ambiguity haikus than novices. This suggests a higher degree of liking for ambiguous haikus than novices because they were able to process them more fluently based on their knowledge and experiences. Furthermore, interest mediated the relationship between perceived ambiguity and liking among experts only. In sum, the experts appreciated ambiguous haikus in different ways compared to the novices. The results have implications for the psychology and cognitive science of aesthetics and art, where ambiguity is important, as well as for expertise in school education, where haiku is part of the curriculum.
{"title":"Comparison of ambiguity and aesthetic impressions in haiku poetry between experts and novices","authors":"Jimpei Hitsuwari , Michio Nomura","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Haiku, the world's shortest form of poetry, has usually been deemed ambiguous owing to its length. However, studies have shown that ambiguity lowers the aesthetic evaluation of a haiku, which contradicts the belief that ambiguity is a characteristic of both the haiku and art in general. One reason for this contradiction may be the interaction with the readers’ attributes, in particular, their expertise—a theme considered important in the field of aesthetic psychology. Therefore, in this study, we had 20 experts and 20 novices evaluate 20 low- and 20 high-ambiguity haikus, which another group of novices had evaluated and distinguished in the pilot study. The results revealed that the novices exhibited a lower liking for high-ambiguity haikus, whereas the experts demonstrated the same degree of liking for both high- and low-ambiguity haikus. Additionally, the experts had lower perceived ambiguity for high-ambiguity haikus than novices. This suggests a higher degree of liking for ambiguous haikus than novices because they were able to process them more fluently based on their knowledge and experiences. Furthermore, interest mediated the relationship between perceived ambiguity and liking among experts only. In sum, the experts appreciated ambiguous haikus in different ways compared to the novices. The results have implications for the psychology and cognitive science of aesthetics and art, where ambiguity is important, as well as for expertise in school education, where haiku is part of the curriculum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101944"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101945
Pierre Benz , Kristoffer Kropp , Trine Cosmus Nobel , Thierry Rossier
This article suggests a comparative field analytical approach to fields of cultural production. Combining concepts from field analysis and focusing on homology with topic modeling and multiple correspondence analysis, we compare four scientific disciplines and show homological structures along both internal and external principles of differentiation. The empirical analysis suggests that despite major differences between the four disciplines (biology, chemistry, economics, and sociology), they are structured along similar principles. Moreover, cognitive distinctions in certain disciplines can be correlated with institutional properties and symbolic hierarchies. Despite the similarities, the analysis also shows important differences between the four disciplines related to internal organization and their relations to both other scientific disciplines and the field of power. The article shows how topic modeling and multiple correspondence analysis can cross-fertilize to understand how fields of cultural production differentiate and how cultural practices (here scientific knowledge production) relate to social structures (here academic hierarchies and prestige). The method hence allows for comparison between fields of cultural production while retaining a nuanced analysis of specific fields and the practices that constitute them.
{"title":"Homologies in fields of cultural production. Evidence from the European scientific field","authors":"Pierre Benz , Kristoffer Kropp , Trine Cosmus Nobel , Thierry Rossier","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article suggests a comparative field analytical approach to fields of cultural production. Combining concepts from field analysis and focusing on homology with topic modeling and multiple correspondence analysis, we compare four scientific disciplines and show homological structures along both internal and external principles of differentiation. The empirical analysis suggests that despite major differences between the four disciplines (biology, chemistry, economics, and sociology), they are structured along similar principles. Moreover, cognitive distinctions in certain disciplines can be correlated with institutional properties and symbolic hierarchies. Despite the similarities, the analysis also shows important differences between the four disciplines related to internal organization and their relations to both other scientific disciplines and the field of power. The article shows how topic modeling and multiple correspondence analysis can cross-fertilize to understand how fields of cultural production differentiate and how cultural practices (here scientific knowledge production) relate to social structures (here academic hierarchies and prestige). The method hence allows for comparison between fields of cultural production while retaining a nuanced analysis of specific fields and the practices that constitute them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101945"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101943
Xiangyu Ma
The death of an artist can act as a costly signal of their authenticity, and cause enduring changes in audience valuations of their work. Drawing on novel digital trace data of audience evaluations from a major online music community, we show how the death of an hip-hop artist induces improvements to the valuations of their antemortem work. Such death-induced changes to audience valuations are mediated by the ability of some deaths – what we term iconic deaths – to act as costly signals of an artist’s authenticity. Iconic deaths that better signal authenticity produce greater death-induced improvements in audience valuations. Such costly signaling effects are more salient within discredited subgenres of hip-hop. We show how this is robust to complementary explanations, such as sympathetic eulogizing or audience expansion effects.
{"title":"The costliest signals of authenticity? How iconic deaths transform audience reception in hip-hop","authors":"Xiangyu Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The death of an artist can act as a costly signal of their authenticity, and cause enduring changes in audience valuations of their work. Drawing on novel digital trace data of audience evaluations from a major online music community, we show how the death of an hip-hop artist induces improvements to the valuations of their antemortem work. Such death-induced changes to audience valuations are mediated by the ability of some deaths – what we term iconic deaths – to act as costly signals of an artist’s authenticity. Iconic deaths that better signal authenticity produce greater death-induced improvements in audience valuations. Such costly signaling effects are more salient within discredited subgenres of hip-hop. We show how this is robust to complementary explanations, such as sympathetic eulogizing or audience expansion effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101943"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101929
Marco Serino, Ilenia Picardi, Giancarlo Ragozini
This article presents an analysis of discourses performed in communities that share and disseminate knowledge refused by institutional science. The study focuses on an online community concerned with alkaline water, food, and lifestyle, aiming at understanding how promoters of refused knowledge in this community enrol other forms of knowledge, including science. Theoretically, this work is framed in Science & Technology Studies, and in the tradition of actor-network theory, situating itself in a recent turn that takes epistemic instability and pluralism into due consideration, thus overcoming opaque views of the opposition between science and non-science. Empirically, this fine-grained analytic purpose is addressed by a mixed-method strategy in which discursive practices are observed through a web-ethnography conducted between January 2020 and December 2021 on the relevant online spaces and then analysed qualitatively and quantitively by means of formal techniques. Relying on the tools of social network analysis, the discursive space of the community under study is formalised as a two-mode network of knowledge claims and heterogeneous actors enrolled in discourse to sustain those claims. Then, community detection is performed to map the different assemblages of claims and actors and the relevant repertoires characterising those assemblages. Finally, multiple correspondence analysis applied to two-mode networks is used to highlight the dimensions of concern and meaning expressed in the knowledge organisation of this community.
{"title":"Mapping epistemic pluralism: A network analysis of discursive practices in communities promoting refused knowledge about healthcare and wellbeing","authors":"Marco Serino, Ilenia Picardi, Giancarlo Ragozini","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents an analysis of discourses performed in communities that share and disseminate knowledge refused by institutional science. The study focuses on an online community concerned with alkaline water, food, and lifestyle, aiming at understanding how promoters of refused knowledge in this community enrol other forms of knowledge, including science. Theoretically, this work is framed in Science & Technology Studies, and in the tradition of actor-network theory, situating itself in a recent turn that takes epistemic instability and pluralism into due consideration, thus overcoming opaque views of the opposition between science and non-science. Empirically, this fine-grained analytic purpose is addressed by a mixed-method strategy in which discursive practices are observed through a web-ethnography conducted between January 2020 and December 2021 on the relevant online spaces and then analysed qualitatively and quantitively by means of formal techniques. Relying on the tools of social network analysis, the discursive space of the community under study is formalised as a two-mode network of knowledge claims and heterogeneous actors enrolled in discourse to sustain those claims. Then, community detection is performed to map the different assemblages of claims and actors and the relevant repertoires characterising those assemblages. Finally, multiple correspondence analysis applied to two-mode networks is used to highlight the dimensions of concern and meaning expressed in the knowledge organisation of this community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Very few studies have deployed a historical focus in investigating how changes in the media environment in the twenty-first century have altered the connection between cross-media consumption, political (dis)interest, and dimensions of social stratification. This paper contributes to the literature on the nexus between democracy, citizens, and media through a historical study of media use among Danish citizens from 2008, which we argue should be considered the beginning of the social media era in the Danish context, to 2021, when social media was popularised among the wider Danish population. Based on three representative surveys on Danish adults’ media consumption in 2008, 2017, and 2021, we deployed multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) to investigate two related inquiries: first, a study of differentiation in cross-media consumption and, second, an examination of how such differentiation patterns are linked to social and political divides. This study contributes in two ways. First, it contributes to the methodological advancement of multiple correspondence analysis by addressing the challenge of conducting a cross-sectional design with changing variables and individuals. It accomplishes this discussing a recent approach centered on the formation of triads of variables. Second, it analytically shows that despite major changes in the media environment between 2008 and 2021, media use is consistently structured according to divisions, first in online and traditional media use and, second, between high levels of news consumption (as opposed to entertainment consumption) and news avoidance. These lines of division are consistently differentiated by age, social inequalities, and political orientation.
{"title":"Digital media revolution and stratificational inertia: A historical study of media usage and sociopolitical stratification in the age of social media","authors":"Majsa Stina Grosen , Morten Fischer Sivertsen , Jannie Møller Hartley","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Very few studies have deployed a historical focus in investigating how changes in the media environment in the twenty-first century have altered the connection between cross-media consumption, political (dis)interest, and dimensions of social stratification. This paper contributes to the literature on the nexus between democracy, citizens, and media through a historical study of media use among Danish citizens from 2008, which we argue should be considered the beginning of the social media era in the Danish context, to 2021, when social media was popularised among the wider Danish population. Based on three representative surveys on Danish adults’ media consumption in 2008, 2017, and 2021, we deployed multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) to investigate two related inquiries: first, a study of differentiation in cross-media consumption and, second, an examination of how such differentiation patterns are linked to social and political divides. This study contributes in two ways. First, it contributes to the methodological advancement of multiple correspondence analysis by addressing the challenge of conducting a cross-sectional design with changing variables and individuals. It accomplishes this discussing a recent approach centered on the formation of triads of variables. Second, it analytically shows that despite major changes in the media environment between 2008 and 2021, media use is consistently structured according to divisions, first in online and traditional media use and, second, between high levels of news consumption (as opposed to entertainment consumption) and news avoidance. These lines of division are consistently differentiated by age, social inequalities, and political orientation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101941
Asta Breinholt
When sociology deals with differences within groups of similar socioeconomic status, research and theorizing tend to focus on the heterogeneity among the socioeconomically advantaged thus representing the socioeconomically disadvantaged as homogeneous. This study is a case of the opposite. For at set of high-stake cultural practices, parental strategies for social reproduction, I find most heterogeneity among socioeconomically disadvantaged mothers. Using data from the NLSY-CYA, I provide novel descriptive statistics of the variance in parenting by maternal education and analyze the determinants of these differences employing a variance function regression. I find an educational gradient in the heterogeneity of cognitively stimulating parenting: the variance is highest among mothers with no high school diploma and shrinks among mothers with more education. That is, mothers with the least amount of education show the most diversity in parenting. This educational gradient is associated with inequality in mothers’ family of origin, cognitive skills, and current economic situation. This result suggests that the systematic differences in heterogeneity stem from (1) selection into education based on family-of-origin characteristics and cognitive skills, where the non-deterministic sorting makes the least educated the most heterogeneous, and (2) the effect of education on mothers’ economic situation, where education decreases uncertainty and thereby makes the most educated the most homogeneous group. Moreover, the study calls for bringing attention to the potential larger heterogeneity in cultural practices among the socioeconomically disadvantaged and provides a theoretical framework for understanding this heterogeneity. This approach challenges stereotypes and deepens sociological understanding of inequality.
{"title":"Hidden patterns of inequality: The heterogeneity in parenting within educational groups","authors":"Asta Breinholt","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When sociology deals with differences within groups of similar socioeconomic status, research and theorizing tend to focus on the heterogeneity among the socioeconomically advantaged thus representing the socioeconomically disadvantaged as homogeneous. This study is a case of the opposite. For at set of high-stake cultural practices, parental strategies for social reproduction, I find most heterogeneity among socioeconomically disadvantaged mothers. Using data from the NLSY-CYA, I provide novel descriptive statistics of the variance in parenting by maternal education and analyze the determinants of these differences employing a variance function regression. I find an educational gradient in the heterogeneity of cognitively stimulating parenting: the variance is highest among mothers with no high school diploma and shrinks among mothers with more education. That is, mothers with the least amount of education show the most diversity in parenting. This educational gradient is associated with inequality in mothers’ family of origin, cognitive skills, and current economic situation. This result suggests that the systematic differences in heterogeneity stem from (1) selection into education based on family-of-origin characteristics and cognitive skills, where the non-deterministic sorting makes the least educated the most heterogeneous, and (2) the effect of education on mothers’ economic situation, where education decreases uncertainty and thereby makes the most educated the most homogeneous group. Moreover, the study calls for bringing attention to the potential larger heterogeneity in cultural practices among the socioeconomically disadvantaged and provides a theoretical framework for understanding this heterogeneity. This approach challenges stereotypes and deepens sociological understanding of inequality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101930
Åsne Dahl Haugsevje, Mari Torvik Heian
In recent years, there has been a rise in career development programs for artists, including various types of mentoring programs. However, research on mentoring is scarce within the field of cultural policy. In this paper, we analyse mentoring as a tool for developing creative careers by investigating three different programs implemented in the Norwegian art field. The analysis is based on qualitative interviews with mentors, protégés, and administrators in the three programs, and survey data, applications, and reports from one of the programs. Building on studies that address the social and collective aspects of artists’ and other creatives’ work and using social capital and social resilience as theoretical lenses for our analysis, we argue that despite potential downsides and pitfalls, mentoring can offer a holistic approach to learning, and its activation of collective resources can contribute to resilience and sustainability in creative careers.
{"title":"Sustainable creative careers through mentoring: Understanding social resilience in the art field","authors":"Åsne Dahl Haugsevje, Mari Torvik Heian","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, there has been a rise in career development programs for artists, including various types of mentoring programs. However, research on mentoring is scarce within the field of cultural policy. In this paper, we analyse mentoring as a tool for developing creative careers by investigating three different programs implemented in the Norwegian art field. The analysis is based on qualitative interviews with mentors, protégés, and administrators in the three programs, and survey data, applications, and reports from one of the programs. Building on studies that address the social and collective aspects of artists’ and other creatives’ work and using <em>social capital</em> and <em>social resilience</em> as theoretical lenses for our analysis, we argue that despite potential downsides and pitfalls, mentoring can offer a holistic approach to learning, and its activation of collective resources can contribute to resilience and sustainability in creative careers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 101930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142318875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101918
Thierry Beaupré-Gateau, Joëlle Bissonnette
The rooted dichotomy between art and economy tends to simplify our understanding of the conditions under which makers of cultural products operate. The contingencies of the last decades, leading to a greater plurality of artists’ practices, urge us to create new conceptual tools to seize the effective cultural production structures. This paper aims to open this dichotomy - anchored in institutional sociology, creative economy, arts management and cultural entrepreneurship - and to reveal the relational complexity of cultural production. Building on a meta-study of a body of qualitative research published between 2012 and 2022 based on semi-directed interviews, focus groups and case studies about artists’ effective practices in music, performing arts, visual and mediatic arts from underground scenes or marginal communities, we identify 20 postures adopted by artists. We place these postures on two axes reflecting the intensity of economic and artistic logics. This taxonomy explains more accurately today's conditions of cultural production. It allows us to better understand: the multiplicity of artists’ and works’ trajectories, as well as creation networks; the coexistence and co-dependency of postures within the same practice; and the diversity of artists’ practices beyond a disciplinary logic and a linear conception of artistic career.
{"title":"A taxonomy of artists’ postures to grasp the plurality of cultural production practices: Putting an end to the cicada and the ant","authors":"Thierry Beaupré-Gateau, Joëlle Bissonnette","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rooted dichotomy between art and economy tends to simplify our understanding of the conditions under which makers of cultural products operate. The contingencies of the last decades, leading to a greater plurality of artists’ practices, urge us to create new conceptual tools to seize the effective cultural production structures. This paper aims to open this dichotomy - anchored in institutional sociology, creative economy, arts management and cultural entrepreneurship - and to reveal the relational complexity of cultural production. Building on a meta-study of a body of qualitative research published between 2012 and 2022 based on semi-directed interviews, focus groups and case studies about artists’ effective practices in music, performing arts, visual and mediatic arts from underground scenes or marginal communities, we identify 20 postures adopted by artists. We place these postures on two axes reflecting the intensity of economic and artistic logics. This taxonomy explains more accurately today's conditions of cultural production. It allows us to better understand: the multiplicity of artists’ and works’ trajectories, as well as creation networks; the coexistence and co-dependency of postures within the same practice; and the diversity of artists’ practices beyond a disciplinary logic and a linear conception of artistic career.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 101918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304422X24000573/pdfft?md5=5e96e04291d84c918afbcbf00fd6ebf7&pid=1-s2.0-S0304422X24000573-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101917
Johannes Aengenheyster
In the last decades a new organizational population of private museums has seen substantial proliferation. While multiple hypotheses for the spread of this new form have been raised, systematic analyses of these have been lacking. In particular, the rise of private museums has been hypothesized to stem from tax incentives, reductions in government spending, increasing inequality and increasing elite wealth. Combining various socio-economic and art field data sources, I conduct quantitative tests of these hypotheses with datasets of 1241, 2474 and 3148 country-years using multilevel negative binomial regression models. While I find support for a positive effect of tax incentives, government spending is associated non-monotonically (inverse U-shaped) with private museum founding (not, as hypothesized, negatively). Furthermore the effects of inequality are divergent, as a positive association with private museum founding is found for wealth inequality and a negative one for income inequality. Finally, elite wealth effects are too small, statistically insignificant, and conditional on wealth threshold and dataset to conclude a general relation with private museum founding. I conclude with a call for advancing theoretical elaboration and measurement precision to further investigate founding determinants.
在过去的几十年里，私营博物馆这一新的组织形式大量涌现。虽然人们对这种新形式的扩散提出了多种假设，但一直缺乏系统的分析。特别是，有人假设私立博物馆的兴起源于税收优惠、政府支出减少、不平等加剧以及精英财富增加。结合各种社会经济和艺术领域的数据来源，我利用 1241、2474 和 3148 个国家年的数据集，使用多层次负二项回归模型对这些假设进行了定量检验。虽然我发现税收优惠政策的积极影响得到了支持，但政府支出与私立博物馆的建立存在非单调关系（反 U 型）（而非假设的负相关）。此外，不平等的影响也不尽相同，财富不平等与私人博物馆的建立呈正相关，而收入不平等则呈负相关。最后，精英财富的影响太小，在统计上不显著，而且取决于财富门槛和数据集，因此无法得出与建立私人博物馆有普遍关系的结论。最后，我呼吁加强理论阐述和精确测量，以进一步研究创办博物馆的决定因素。
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