Poetics最新文献

英文中文

Mapping relational structures in culture

IF 2 2区社会学 0 LITERATURE

Poetics

Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2025.102005

Marco Serino , Thierry Rossier , Elisa Klüger , Fabien Eloire

Culture is a relational concept, and the empirical manifestations of culture are worth being analysed in a structural vein to unveil the patterns of relations constituting them. Critical to exploring the intersections of culture and structure are relational methodologies, especially geometric data analysis (GDA) and social network analysis (SNA). Over the years, these two perspectives – as distinct strategies or in combination with one another – have been proved well-suited to understand the inherent relationality of cultural phenomena. The present editorial takes stock of the development of such analytical frameworks to look at the recent progress in the study of cultural structures, in continuity with a tradition of sociological research most especially disseminated through Poetics. It develops three core elements in the sociological study of culture: the relational theory mobilised in such study, its relational focus in terms of the cultural entities studied, and its relational methodologies. This special issue gathers ten empirical papers that span cultural consumption, artistic and scientific fields, media usage, and knowledge production, employing various empirical tools available in GDA and SNA to map relational structures in culture. It thus offers new insights into the interplay between culture and structure and provides valuable tools and perspectives for future research in cultural sociology.

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引用次数: 0

Bach, Beethoven and Brahms again? A computational view on the de facto canon of classical orchestral music in Germany and the USA at the beginning of the 21st century

IF 2 2区社会学 0 LITERATURE

Poetics

Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2025.102004

Markus Radke , Dr. Steffen Lepa , Melissa Panlasigui

Classical music orchestras are vital to the cultural scenes of both Germany and USA. Despite ongoing discussions on musical canon, gender equality, and repertoire innovation, empirical studies on the actual frequency of performances of individual classical music works in both countries are scarce. In this study, concert programs of professional orchestras from the 2019/20 and 2023/24 seasons were collected via web scraping and enriched with metadata from the various online sources using data linkage. In addition to a detailed descriptive statistical analysis, we determined key factors of stage performance frequency using random forest models. Based on these factors, canonical repertoire types were then identified using Latent Class Analysis. Internal factors for stage success of individual works from these repertoires were subsequently determined using Mixture Regression. Results suggest that normative criteria tend to play a more decisive role for program selection in Germany, while the USA lean more towards popular criteria. Four repertoire types are distinguished, primarily based on work and artist prestige, work age and work duration. Generally, programming in the US appears to be more diverse and innovative, and a pre- and post-pandemic comparison of the combined program data from the two countries reveals little differences. These empirical results support and expand on previous musicological studies of canon and can serve as orientation knowledge for cultural policy. Furthermore, the available dataset can also be used by future studies to examine the ways of curating classical concert events and for more fine-grained sub-repertoire analyses.

古典音乐交响乐团对德国和美国的文化舞台都至关重要。尽管关于音乐典范、性别平等和曲目创新的讨论一直在进行，但关于两国古典音乐作品的实际演出频率的实证研究却很少。在本研究中，我们通过网络搜刮收集了 2019/20 和 2023/24 乐季专业交响乐团的音乐会节目单，并利用数据链接从各种在线资源中丰富了元数据。除了详细的描述性统计分析外，我们还利用随机森林模型确定了舞台演出频率的关键因素。在这些因素的基础上，我们使用潜类分析法确定了典型剧目类型。随后，使用混合回归法确定了这些剧目中单个作品舞台成功的内部因素。结果表明，在德国，规范性标准往往对节目选择起着决定性作用，而美国则更倾向于流行性标准。主要根据作品和艺术家的声望、作品的年龄和作品的持续时间，划分出四种曲目类型。总体而言，美国的节目似乎更加多样化和创新，对两国节目数据进行大流行前和大流行后的综合比较，发现两国的差异不大。这些实证结果支持并扩展了以往对卡农的音乐学研究，可作为文化政策的导向知识。此外，未来的研究还可以利用现有的数据集来考察古典音乐会活动的策划方式，并对子曲目进行更精细的分析。

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引用次数: 0

Duality and value realism

IF 2 2区社会学 0 LITERATURE

Poetics

Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2025.102002

Kyle Puetz

Classical Western thought presupposes a value realism, in which values and meanings are part of the “furniture of things.” Ushering in a radical change in the locus of thought, a modern dualistic metaphysics generally rejects external sources of value in favor of understanding meaning and value as a subjective projection of the individual. Because the subject's interiority is the exclusive source of meaning and value, theories of action within this tradition tend to understand action in terms of self-action. Another metaphysics of action, a metaphysics of immanence, suggests a different basis for understanding the source of meaning and value in action: the agent-environment coupling. The network-analytic principle of duality, as exemplified in the work of Roger Friedland and Pierre Bourdieu, is an invaluable conceptual resource within this alternative tradition, as it enables the mathematical formalization of processes of alignment that produce meaning and action. In my conclusion, I suggest that a modified value realism, exploiting the network-analytic principle of duality, offers an alternative explanatory paradigm in cultural sociology.

引用次数: 0

The dual clustering of tastes and ties: Extending the notion of relational similarity in cultural fields

IF 2 2区社会学 0 LITERATURE

Poetics

Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2025.102003

Xinwei Xu , Alessandro Lomi , Christoph Stadtfeld

Sociological research on culture has long conceptualized categorical differentiation in terms of relational “distances” and relied on network imagery to describe the structural properties of fields of cultural production and consumption. Partly constrained by research design, extant research on relational similarity often focuses on either one-mode social networks, or two-mode cultural affiliation networks independently. Only a few recent empirical studies have considered the multiplex interaction between affiliations to cultural artifacts or categories and social relations embedding audience members within a system of dependence relations. We extend the notion of relational similarity to consider the interplay of cultural preferences and social ties and explore how distances between cultural genres are shaped by the mutually constitutive relation linking individual preferences and social networks. Analyzing a large online network of users (N = 43,549) and their expressed music preferences, we show that considering preferences alone results in two genre clusters separated by crisp boundaries. Considering both preferences as well as social network ties yields a sparse, connected component where the boundaries of genre categories become blurred. The study provides evidence that the structure of the space spanned by musical genres varies considerably once the connectivity properties of tastes and ties are jointly considered. This happens because social connections expose individuals to a set of potential future preferences that is typically broader than the set containing their current personal tastes. We discuss the qualitative implications of this result and its significance for future research on the duality of cultural tastes and social ties.

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引用次数: 0

Case for ecumenical use of network and geometric data analyses in mapping of cultural spaces: Illustration of contemporary French-speaking Swiss theatrical productions

IF 2 2区社会学 0 LITERATURE

Poetics

Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2025.101999

Pierre Bataille , Marc Perrenoud , Robin Casse , Carole Christe , Mathias Rota

The cross-use of network and geometric data analyses helps understand how the circulation of symbolic goods is structured. It follows specific logic, intersecting economic and symbolic planes in shaping spaces that do not entirely align with political borders. Both help map circulation spaces and understand their operational logic, aiming to visualize the proximities and/or distances between different places/actors in the production of these symbolic goods. Accordingly, based on several datasets collected to analyze the dynamics that structure contemporary French-speaking Swiss theater production circulation, this article aims to constitute a practical case on the combined use of Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Geometric Data Analysis (GDA) in mapping cultural spaces in a cross-fertilization perspective. The implementation of a mixed SNA and GDA analytical approach reveals distinct clusters of venues based on linguistic boundaries, size, cultural legitimacy, and audience reach. It identifies an "intermediate" subspace, between avant-garde and commercial productions. The study highlights methodological advantages in integrating SNA and GDA for developing a nuanced view on cultural dynamics, especially in understanding the career landscape of "ordinary" artists who navigate between artistic autonomy and market demands.

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引用次数: 0

Professor-writers and machinist-painter-photographers: Investigating the duality between occupational categories and artistic hobbies

IF 2 2区社会学 0 LITERATURE

Poetics

Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2025.102001

Neha Gondal , Allison Wigen

Even though participation in the arts (a.k.a. hobbies) of employed persons has risen steadily since the early twentieth century, research has not systematically explored the relationship between occupations and hobbies. We address this gap by investigating the intersection and cultural co-constitution of these two forms of engagement by drawing on Breiger's influential work on duality. We introduce a machine-learning approach called association-rules to generate a two-mode network comprising occupations and hobbies using data from the Survey of Public Participation in the Arts. Our analysis shows that the relationship between the two constructs is not consistent with the cultural omnivorousness model. Instead, attributes of the two constructs like temporality and degree of collaborativeness shape their association with implications for their cultural significance. Pottery and painting, generally solo hobbies, are associated with most professions, but are the exclusive domain of gendered male, blue-collar occupations that have less autonomy on working hours. Collaborative music hobbies, entailing considerable commitment, on the other hand, are exclusively associated with occupations with such autonomy. Weaving and writing, portable hobbies that have a reputation of being ‘woke,’ are connected to white- and blue-collar sedentary jobs. Sharedness of hobbies and variability in their cultural significance have implications for the erosion and maintenance of cultural and social distance between occupational groups. Degree of collaborativeness, likewise, has implications for connectedness within hobby groups as well as visibility and embeddedness of occupational groups in local communities.

尽管自二十世纪初以来，就业人员对艺术（又称业余爱好）的参与稳步上升，但相关研究并未系统地探讨职业与业余爱好之间的关系。为了填补这一空白，我们借鉴布雷格在二元性方面颇具影响力的研究成果，对这两种参与形式的交集和文化共构进行了研究。我们引入了一种名为 "关联规则 "的机器学习方法，利用 "公众艺术参与调查 "的数据生成了一个由职业和爱好组成的双模式网络。我们的分析表明，这两个建构之间的关系与文化全能模型并不一致。相反，这两个构念的属性（如时间性和合作程度）决定了它们之间的关联，并对其文化意义产生了影响。陶艺和绘画通常是独乐乐不如众乐乐的爱好，它们与大多数职业都有关联，但却是性别化男性、工作时间自主性较低的蓝领职业的专属领域。另一方面，需要投入大量精力的合作性音乐嗜好则只与自主性较强的职业有关。编织和写作这些以 "清醒 "著称的便携式爱好，则与白领和蓝领的静态工作有关。业余爱好的共享性及其文化意义的差异性，对侵蚀和维持职业群体之间的文化和社会距离具有影响。同样，合作程度对爱好群体内部的联系以及职业群体在当地社区的可见度和嵌入度也有影响。

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引用次数: 0

Cultural power via contaminating dualities 通过二元性污染文化权力

IF 2 2区社会学 0 LITERATURE

Poetics

Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2025.102000

Michael Lee Wood, Travis Ashby

Cultural objects possess varying degrees of cultural power, defined as their capacity to directly or indirectly shape beliefs and behavior. Research on cultural objects has identified various ways cultural objects possess cultural power, such as by evoking meanings and emotions and stabilizing and disrupting collective practices. This paper extends research on cultural power by investigating how the dualities of cultural objects contribute to cultural power. Cultural objects do not exist in isolation, but are connected to various persons, places, and things. For example, a TV show has a dual relation with its fans, such that the show's identity is partially constituted by its fans, and the fans’ identities by the show they watch. These dual relations facilitate “contamination,” insofar as something or someone tied to a cultural object alters the meaning of the other persons and things associated with the cultural object. We argue that these “contaminating dualities” are a form of cultural power, insofar as contamination from other nodes in cultural object networks elicits responses from contaminated parties. We illustrate the framework by analyzing a series of cases in which people respond to contamination and discuss the implications for the study of culture and action.

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引用次数: 0

Networks and Artistic Status Orders in Cultural Fields: The Evolution of Hollywood Filmmaking

IF 2 2区社会学 0 LITERATURE

Poetics

Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2025.101985

Mark Wittek , Katharina Burgdorf

How do status orders emerge in cultural fields? Our study sheds new light on this question by investigating the interplay of networks and status among Hollywood filmmakers from 1920 to 2000. Information on artistic references and collaborations of more than 9,500 filmmakers retrieved from the Internet Movie Database (IMDb) allows us to examine long-term changes in the social organization of this cultural field. Our findings suggest that the distribution of social recognition—measured by filmmakers’ prominence in collaborative ties and artistic references—became more stratified as the field grew. Furthermore, collaborations increasingly exhibited segregation according to filmmakers’ artistic status during the New Hollywood era (1960–1980). This period was characterized by the rising prominence of a new generation of filmmakers who established film as an art form in the U.S. This article shows that contextual characteristics, such as a field's size and institutional environment, can foster or impede stratification and segregation in collaborative networks among cultural producers.

引用次数: 0

Rulenet: Mapping the structure of cultural preferences using association-rules and network graphs

IF 2 2区社会学 0 LITERATURE

Poetics

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2025.101996

Neha Gondal

Sociologists have persuasively argued that cultural meaning can be interpreted by analyzing the systems of relations that measure the so-called ‘going together’ of cultural materials. Research investigating cultural tastes and preferences has used this approach to interpret consumption patterns as relational systems using a variety of techniques including multidimensional scaling, two-mode network analysis, and variable correlation networks. I contribute to this growing set of tools by describing and demonstrating the use of a datamining technique with scant history of use within sociology, called ‘association-rules.’ The key contribution of this technique is that it generates directed relationships between variables (e.g., preference for opera → preference for ballet), which has several advantages over existing techniques that conceptualize relationality in terms of mutual presence. I show how such ‘one-sided’ clustering (A goes with B, but B may not go together with A) can be represented and analyzed as network graphs, an approach I call ‘Rulenet.’ I discuss how the proposed technique can provide relatively novel insights into the organizations of tastes, less feasible via other techniques, and illustrate Rulenet on two well-known cultural participation survey datasets for the United States: (1) The Survey of Public Participation in the Arts (SPPA) from 2017 and (2) The General Social Survey Culture Module from 1993 (GSS).

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引用次数: 0

Artists as change agents in cross-sector partnerships: A typology

IF 2 2区社会学 0 LITERATURE

Poetics

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2025.101998

Ellen Loots , Walter van Andel

In recent years, there has been a resurgence of practices and activities that involve artists and designers as change agents in cross-sector partnerships. These practices are often considered separate from artists’ core activities and remain underexplored in research. This paper aims to classify these practices into a typology, beginning with a conceptual framework informed by initial perceptions of the field, which was subsequently refined through insights from relevant literature and expert interviews. The typology highlights the diversity of ‘change agency partnerships’ involving artists and identifies the exchange mechanisms that define each mode: transactional commissions, coordinated public (co-)production, goal-directed collaboration, and transformational co-creation. This typology serves as a heuristic tool for discussing, analyzing, and organizing the role of the arts in addressing societal challenges and driving change. As a conversation starter, we discuss what is needed for artists to assume the role(s) as change agents and how creativity and change within such partnerships can be organized.

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全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

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