Journal of Aging Studies最新文献_第2页

The role of objects in negotiations in convoys of care: Addressing fundamental concerns of informal caregivers 物品在护理车队谈判中的作用：解决非正规护理人员的基本关切

IF 1.8 3区社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Aging Studies

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2024.101283

Leonoor Gräler, Martijn Felder, Hester van de Bovenkamp

Due to an increased policy focus on informal care in many Western countries, professionals and informal caregivers increasingly grow more interdependent. Increased involvement of informal caregivers in professional care has consequences for the work of professionals, the care that is received by care recipients, and the role of informal caregivers. Care needs to be negotiated between them within the dynamic networks of care recipients and caregivers (i.e., “care convoys”). Scant attention has been given to objects as part of these convoys and negotiations. Therefore, in this paper, we answer the question: How do objects become part of and what is their role in the negotiations between healthcare professionals and informal caregivers? We use interview data from 48 participants (care recipients, professionals, informal caregivers, and persons in managerial positions). In the results, we discuss how objects, in terms of their affordances and the values they embody, become important in the relationship between professionals and informal caregivers and how they become part of negotiations on quality of care. We find that seemingly mundane objects become topics of conversation to address more fundamental concerns in how healthcare is organized for and provided to individual care recipients. Our study helps to open the care convoys model to objects as important actors and further understand the politics within care convoys.

由于许多西方国家的政策越来越重视非正规护理，专业人员和非正规护理人员之间的相互依存日益加深。非正规护理人员越来越多地参与专业护理，这对专业人员的工作、护理对象接受的护理以及非正规护理人员的角色都产生了影响。护理工作需要在护理对象和护理人员的动态网络（即 "护理车队"）中进行协商。在这些车队和协商中，很少有人关注物品。因此，我们将在本文中回答这个问题：在医护人员与非正式护理人员之间的协商中，物品是如何成为协商的一部分的，它们又扮演着怎样的角色？我们使用了 48 位参与者（护理对象、专业人员、非正式护理人员和管理职位人员）的访谈数据。在研究结果中，我们讨论了物品在专业人员和非正规护理人员之间的关系中是如何变得重要的，以及它们是如何成为护理质量谈判的一部分的。我们发现，看似平凡的物品成为了对话的主题，以解决如何为护理对象组织和提供医疗保健的更基本问题。我们的研究有助于打开护理车队模式，使物品成为重要的参与者，并进一步了解护理车队内部的政治。

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引用次数: 0

Having to ‘go beyond’: Staff perspectives on activity programs for older people living in nursing homes 必须 "超越"：工作人员对养老院老年人活动计划的看法

IF 1.8 3区社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Aging Studies

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2024.101279

Linda McAuliffe, Deirdre Fetherstonhaugh, Jo-Anne Rayner, Samantha Clune

Activity programs are run by many nursing homes (also known as residential aged care facilities or long-term care facilities) however little is known about how activities are chosen or how well they meet the needs of residents. The aim of this study was to learn more about activity programs currently offered to older people living in nursing homes in Victoria, Australia. Interviews were undertaken with 13 activities/lifestyle staff working across six nursing homes. Staff were asked about their role and training; how activities were chosen, run, and evaluated; and barriers to providing social participation opportunities for residents. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts revealed six main themes: the role of the activities staff is to make people happy and meet their needs; activities staff largely choose (group based) activities; evaluation of activity programs is mostly informal; activity programs are poorly resourced; staff are often required to ‘go beyond’; and catering to the unique needs of residents is challenging. Given the established importance of social interaction to physical and psychosocial health, it is essential that activity programs and staff are viewed as integral to resident wellbeing; that staff are trained and supported; and that programs are funded and resourced adequately to deliver programs that are person-centred and meet the needs and preferences of residents.

许多养老院（也称老年护理机构或长期护理机构）都开展了活动计划，但对于如何选择活动或活动如何满足院民的需求却知之甚少。本研究旨在进一步了解澳大利亚维多利亚州养老院目前为老年人提供的活动项目。研究人员对六家养老院的 13 名活动/生活方式工作人员进行了访谈。研究人员询问了工作人员的职责和培训情况；如何选择、开展和评估活动；以及为居民提供社会参与机会的障碍。对访谈记录进行的主题分析揭示了六大主题：活动工作人员的职责是让住户开心并满足他们的需求；活动工作人员主要选择（以小组为基础的）活动；对活动项目的评估大多是非正式的；活动项目资源匮乏；工作人员经常被要求 "超越"；满足住户的独特需求具有挑战性。鉴于社会交往对身体和心理健康的重要性，必须将活动项目和工作人员视为住客福祉的组成部分；对工作人员进行培训并提供支持；为活动项目提供充足的资金和资源，以提供以人为本、满足住客需求和偏好的活动项目。

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引用次数: 0

Towards a gerontology of everything: A more-than-human perspective 迈向万物老年学：超越人类的视角

IF 1.8 3区社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Aging Studies

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2024.101278

Deborah Lupton

Engaging with the special issue's theme of ‘The growing older of humans, non-humans and more-than-humans’, this commentary provides an overview of how social theory has engaged with the ageing body. Beginning with discussion of initial scholarship in the sociology of the body, the commentary provides thoughts on how more-than-human theory, both ‘old’ and ‘new’ materialisms, can contribute to a deeper understanding of how human bodies age alongside nonhuman living things, situated in place and space. This approach acknowledges the distributed forces, agencies and capacities that are generated with and through the relational encounters of humans with nonhuman agents as they move through the life course. The commentary ends with some suggestions for incorporating a ‘gerontology of everything’ perspective into ageing studies as a step towards more-than-human mutual flourishing.

本评论结合特刊的主题 "人类、非人类和超人类的老龄化"，概述了社会理论如何与老龄化身体打交道。评论从讨论身体社会学的初步学术成果开始，探讨了 "新 "和 "旧 "唯物主义的 "超人类 "理论如何有助于深入理解人类身体如何与非人类生物一起衰老，以及如何在地点和空间中衰老。这种方法承认，在人的生命历程中，通过人与非人的接触，产生了分布式的力量、机构和能力。评论最后提出了将 "万物老年学 "视角纳入老龄化研究的一些建议，作为实现超越人类的共同繁荣的一个步骤。

引用次数: 0

Age enterprising: “Old” age on the make in Ghana 老有所为：加纳的 "老年 "创业

IF 1.8 3区社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Aging Studies

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2024.101276

Alexandra Crampton , Cati Coe

The Aging Enterprise was first coined by Carol Estes to critique the hegemony of a gerontological discourse and policy in the United States in the 1970s. These policy interventions seemed to be serving the needs of policy-makers and aging professionals, rather than those of older adults. More recently she wrote on how these interventions limited the possibilities of the gerontological imagination and focused attention on “old age” as a social problem. This paper builds on her work and that of Lawrence Cohen to examine the reach of the Aging Enterprise in Ghana, a country with limited state investments in aging. Bringing together two research projects, we are able to make our argument through an examination of aging policy and interventions in the public and private sectors, including across academic institutions, NGOs, churches, and markets. In our analysis, we propose the term age enterprising instead of the Aging Enterprise for three reasons. One, the discourse which situates old age as a problem has not been fully imported to Ghana, but instead becomes adapted to local ways that aging is constructed as a problem. Second, the discourses of age enterprises should not be taken at face value, as their projects can often fail, especially in the short run. Finally, we see a mix of different age enterprises which do not concatenate to create a monolithic force, but which diverge in key ways, thus creating a much more contingent and contradictory set of discourses around aging.

老龄事业（Aging Enterprise）最早是由卡罗尔-埃斯蒂斯（Carol Estes）提出的，旨在批判 20 世纪 70 年代美国老年学话语和政策的霸权。这些政策干预似乎是为了满足政策制定者和老龄问题专业人士的需求，而不是老年人的需求。最近，她撰文论述了这些干预措施如何限制了老年学想象的可能性，并将注意力集中在 "老年 "这一社会问题上。本文以她和劳伦斯-科恩（Lawrence Cohen）的研究成果为基础，探讨老龄化企业在加纳这个国家的影响范围。我们将两个研究项目结合在一起，通过考察公共和私营部门的老龄化政策和干预措施，包括学术机构、非政府组织、教会和市场，来提出我们的论点。在我们的分析中，我们提出了 "老龄企业"（age enterprising）这一术语，而不是 "老龄化企业"（Aging Enterprise），原因有三。其一，将老年作为一个问题的论述并没有完全引入加纳，而是适应了当地将老龄化作为一个问题的构建方式。其次，老龄企业的论述不应该照单全收，因为它们的项目往往会失败，尤其是在短期内。最后，我们看到了不同年龄企业的混合体，它们并没有联合起来形成一股单一的力量，而是在一些关键方面出现了分歧，从而形成了一系列更加偶然和矛盾的老龄化论述。

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引用次数: 0

Representations of professional nursing homes in the context of climate-related heatwaves: An exploratory study of Swedish media 与气候相关的热浪背景下专业养老院的表现形式：对瑞典媒体的探索性研究

IF 1.8 3区社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Aging Studies

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2024.101277

Bo Nilsson, Jenny Lönnroth

In recent years, a relatively large number of articles in the Swedish media have reported on the problems that afflict nursing homes due to prolonged and climate-related heatwaves during the summer months. Older residents are badly affected by the heat, especially as many nursing homes in Sweden lack air conditioning. This paper aims to explore how nursing homes are depicted in the Swedish press in relation to climate-related heatwaves, professional care, and risk management. The data comprises 182 articles published in the Swedish press and available in the database Retriever.se. The articles cover a period of twenty years, 2002–2022, and have undergone a qualitative analysis. The findings illustrate that media representations are characterized by both climate-related risk production within the framework of a discourse of risk, and climate-related risk management within the framework of a discourse of professionalism. Within the risk discourse, climate change and heatwaves are exclusively associated with risks, dangers, and threats, including threats to residents in nursing homes. The risk discourse is further developed in critical articles stating that nursing homes do not take the threat posed by heatwaves seriously enough, which leads to the mistreatment of residents. According to the discourse of professionalism, nursing homes are professional organizations that provide good care, and the care staff are competent, hardworking, and loyal. However, in the context of climate change, the discourse of professionalism reinforces a subject-object logic within which staff are attributed positions as agents and residents are seen as passive recipients of the staff's actions. An effect of these two contradictory media discourses is that nursing homes appear to be institutions of extremes.

近年来，瑞典媒体上有较多文章报道了养老院因夏季长时间的气候热浪而面临的问题。老年居民受到高温的严重影响，尤其是瑞典的许多养老院都没有空调。本文旨在探讨瑞典媒体是如何描述与气候相关的热浪、专业护理和风险管理有关的养老院的。数据包括瑞典报刊上发表的 182 篇文章，这些文章可在 Retriever.se 数据库中找到。这些文章涵盖 2002-2022 年这二十年间的内容，并进行了定性分析。研究结果表明，媒体表述的特点是在风险话语框架内与气候相关的风险生产，以及在专业话语框架内与气候相关的风险管理。在风险话语中，气候变化和热浪完全与风险、危险和威胁联系在一起，包括对养老院居民的威胁。风险论述在批评文章中得到了进一步发展，这些文章指出，养老院对热浪造成的威胁不够重视，从而导致了对住院者的虐待。根据专业性论述，养老院是提供良好护理的专业组织，护理人员有能力、勤奋、忠诚。然而，在气候变化的背景下，专业性话语强化了一种主客体逻辑，在这种逻辑中，员工被赋予了代理人的地位，而住客则被视为员工行为的被动接受者。这两种相互矛盾的媒体话语所产生的影响是，养老院似乎成为了一种极端的机构。

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引用次数: 0

Social death of older adults residing in nursing homes in Finland 芬兰养老院老年人的社会死亡问题

IF 1.8 3区社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Aging Studies

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2024.101275

Jenny Paananen , Jenni Kulmala , Jari Pirhonen

Social death refers to situations in which individuals become socially excluded from social interaction or are considered socially insignificant. Social death is about losing roles, relationships, and eventually identity in the eyes of others. When becoming a permanent resident in a nursing home, older adults face an increased risk of social death. However, empirical research on social death and its manifestations in nursing homes is still scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenomenon of social death by interviewing family members (N = 19) of older people living in nursing homes in Finland. A theory-driven thematic analysis of family members' interviews revealed two cross-cutting themes that were linked to social death in nursing homes. We discovered that 1) the transition to a nursing home significantly narrowed the older adults' social environment and 2) dementia seemed to affect all aspects of older adults' social life and social agency negatively. Furthermore, four main mechanisms of social death in nursing homes were 1) losses associated with decline of physical and mental health, 2) loss of social identity, 3) isolation and lack of social connectedness, and 4) lack of quality of care. It seems that nursing home residents, especially those with advanced dementia, face social death because they are not seen as persons who are entitled to social roles and meaningful activities. Thus, there is an urgent need to improve the social connectedness of all older adults living in care facilities, with particular attention to those with memory loss. Based on these results, we provide checklists for nursing professionals and all citizens to restore the social value of older persons.

社会死亡指的是个人被社会排斥在社会交往之外或被认为在社会上无足轻重的情况。社交死亡是指失去角色、关系，最终失去在他人眼中的身份。当成为养老院的永久居民时，老年人面临社会死亡的风险会增加。然而，关于养老院中社会死亡及其表现形式的实证研究仍然很少。本研究旨在通过采访芬兰养老院老年人的家庭成员（19 人）来调查社会死亡现象。通过对家庭成员的访谈进行理论驱动的主题分析，我们发现了两个与养老院中社会性死亡相关的交叉主题。我们发现：1）入住疗养院极大地缩小了老年人的社会环境；2）痴呆症似乎对老年人社会生活的各个方面和社会代理都产生了负面影响。此外，养老院社会死亡的四个主要机制是：1）与身心健康下降相关的损失；2）社会身份的丧失；3）孤立和缺乏社会联系；4）缺乏高质量的护理。疗养院居民，尤其是晚期痴呆症患者，似乎面临着社会死亡，因为他们不被视为有权参与社会角色和有意义活动的人。因此，迫切需要改善所有居住在护理机构的老年人的社会联系，尤其要关注那些记忆力衰退的老年人。基于这些结果，我们为护理专业人员和所有公民提供了恢复老年人社会价值的核对表。

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引用次数: 0

Climate change and population aging: The role of older adults in climate change mitigation 气候变化与人口老龄化：老年人在减缓气候变化中的作用

IF 1.8 3区社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Aging Studies

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2024.101274

Daniel Katey , Senyo Zanu

This paper explores the intersection of climate change, population aging, and community resilience, focusing on the potentially powerful roles of older adults in climate change mitigation efforts, particularly in developing countries. Through a brief review of relevant literature in the fields of environmental studies, gerontology, and community development, the paper examines the vulnerabilities of older adults to climate change impacts and their potential contributions to adaptation and mitigation strategies. By integrating findings from some existing literature, the paper contributes to ongoing conversations about the inclusivity of climate change actions and the empowerment of marginalized groups. Our suggestions include harnessing the traditional knowledge and leadership of older adults and empowering them to act as climate change activists within their communities. Additionally, the paper suggests encouraging older adults to organize community capacity-building workshops that advocate for environmentally sustainable initiatives. We conclude by emphasizing that neglecting older adults in the climate change discourse risks exacerbating entrenched social inequalities and overlooks the potentially valuable resources and knowledge that older adults can contribute toward climate change mitigation and adaptation. This therefore calls for the recognition of older adults as vital agents of change and empowering them through inclusive development policies, programs, and initiatives. Future research should investigate the long-term impacts of inviting older adults into climate change mitigation efforts, and the barriers that may hinder their active engagement.

本文探讨了气候变化、人口老龄化和社区复原力之间的交叉问题，重点关注老年人在减缓气候变化方面可能发挥的强大作用，尤其是在发展中国家。通过简要回顾环境研究、老年学和社区发展领域的相关文献，本文探讨了老年人在气候变化影响面前的脆弱性以及他们对适应和减缓战略的潜在贡献。通过整合一些现有文献中的研究成果，本文为当前关于气候变化行动的包容性和边缘化群体赋权的对话做出了贡献。我们的建议包括利用老年人的传统知识和领导力，并授权他们在其社区内充当气候变化活动家。此外，本文还建议鼓励老年人组织社区能力建设研讨会，倡导环境可持续倡议。最后，我们强调，在气候变化讨论中忽视老年人有可能加剧根深蒂固的社会不平等，并忽视老年人可为减缓和适应气候变化贡献的潜在宝贵资源和知识。因此，这就要求承认老年人是变革的重要推动者，并通过包容性发展政策、计划和倡议增强老年人的能力。未来的研究应调查邀请老年人参与气候变化减缓工作的长期影响，以及可能阻碍他们积极参与的障碍。

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引用次数: 0

Empathy mitigates the relationship between ageism and subjective age in late life 移情能缓解年龄歧视与晚年主观年龄之间的关系

IF 1.8 3区社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Aging Studies

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2024.101273

Assaf Suberry , Ehud Bodner

This study corresponds with a dispute in gerontology literature about whether a younger subjective age acts as a psychological defense for older adults by perceiving themselves as younger in order to dissociate from their age-group or as a marker of good physical health. This cross-sectional study presents a preliminary step to clarify this dispute. We examined the role of emotional empathy (measured by the Multifaceted Empathy Test) as a moderator in the ageism (measured implicitly by the Brief Implicit Association Test) and subjective age (measured on Likert scale) association on a convenience sample of 203 community-dwelling older adults (aged 65–90, M = 74.54, SD = 6.76). It was hypothesized that implicit ageism would be associated with younger subjective age and that this association would be only evident among older adults with lower emotional empathy. Implicit ageism was not associated with younger subjective age. As expected, hierarchical linear regression showed that the connection between higher implicit ageism and a younger subjective age remains significant (p = 0.012) only among participants with lower emotional empathy (∆R² = 0.022, β = 0.156). Higher emotional empathy was associated with younger subjective age. For older adults who are equipped with the ability to feel others' emotions, the defensive dissociation between self and other perceptions of aging might be unnecessary. Theoretical and methodological implications are discussed.

这项研究与老年学文献中的一个争议相吻合，即主观年龄的年轻化是老年人的一种心理防御手段，通过认为自己更年轻来脱离同龄人，还是作为身体健康的标志。这项横断面研究为澄清这一争议迈出了第一步。我们研究了情感共鸣（通过多方面共鸣测试测量）在年龄歧视（通过简短内隐联想测试测量）和主观年龄（通过李克特量表测量）关联中的调节作用，研究对象是 203 名社区老年人（年龄在 65-90 岁之间，中 = 74.54，标 = 6.76）。根据假设，内隐年龄歧视与较年轻的主观年龄有关，而且这种关联只在情感共鸣较低的老年人中明显。内隐年龄歧视与年龄较小的主观年龄无关。正如预期的那样，分层线性回归结果表明，只有在情感共鸣较低的参与者中，较高的内隐年龄歧视与较小的主观年龄之间的关系仍然显著（p = 0.012）（∆R2 = 0.022，β = 0.156）。情感共鸣越高，主观年龄越小。对于有能力感受他人情绪的老年人来说，自我和他人对衰老的防御性分离可能是不必要的。本文讨论了理论和方法论方面的影响。

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引用次数: 0

“You messed up with the wrong generation”: Intergenerational relations from the perspective of Israeli older protesters "你惹错了一代人"：从以色列老年抗议者的角度看代际关系

IF 1.8 3区社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Aging Studies

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2024.101264

Liat Ayalon, Sarit Okun

Given the overrepresentation of older Israelis in political protests and the growing number of political protests worldwide, the present study aimed to examine older persons' perspective on their involvement in the protests and how they view age and older age in the context of political protests. In total, 30 protesters over the age of 65 were interviewed, while employing a maximum variations methodology for the selection of the sample. Interviews were analyzed thematically. Older persons were described in the interviews, as leaders, the ones who started the protests because they were raised on the right values. Moreover, older persons viewed themselves as having the time and at times, the money to immerse themselves in the protests. Despite the perceived advantages that older protesters have to offer, the protests were seen as ineffective, incomplete, or simply lacking without the involvement of younger persons, who were seen as bringing with them the energy and stamina, but also the added symbolic value which have made the protests meaningful, important, and relevant. The findings are interpreted from the perspective of intergenerational solidarity and ambivalence. It is suggested that intergenerational solidarity and collaboration can foster older persons' participation in political activism.

鉴于以色列老年人在政治抗议活动中所占比例过高，以及全球政治抗议活动日益增多，本研究旨在探讨老年人对参与抗议活动的看法，以及他们如何看待政治抗议活动中的年龄和老年问题。本研究共对 30 名 65 岁以上的抗议者进行了访谈，在选择样本时采用了最大变异法。对访谈内容进行了专题分析。在访谈中，老年人被描述为领导者，是他们发起了抗议活动，因为他们从小就树立了正确的价值观。此外，老年人认为自己有时间，有时还有钱，可以投入到抗议活动中去。尽管老年抗议者被认为具有这些优势，但如果没有年轻人的参与，抗议活动就会被认为是无效的、不完整的或根本没有意义的，因为年轻人被认为不仅带来了活力和耐力，而且还增加了象征性价值，使抗议活动变得有意义、重要和相关。研究结果从代际团结和矛盾的角度进行了解释。研究认为，代际团结与合作可以促进老年人参与政治活动。

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引用次数: 0

Community care and social participation: An ethnography of clubs for older people in Peñalolén (Chile) during and after the pandemic 社区关怀和社会参与：大流行期间和之后佩尼亚洛伦（智利）老年人俱乐部的人种学研究

IF 1.8 3区社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Aging Studies

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2024.101271

Herminia Gonzálvez-Torralbo, Ariany Silva-Villar

This article presents a case study on the community care practices carried out by older people who participated in the clubs of the Peñalolén district (Metropolitan Region of Chile). We focus on the experiences of care expressed in these collective social spaces during the pandemic triggered by Covid-19 and in the subsequent months when older people began to meet up again. We aim to describe the experiences and practices of care expressed in these spaces, paying attention to those carried out by the older people at a time when personal freedom was highly restricted. For this purpose, we conducted 32 biographical interviews between 2021 and 2022 in the framework of ethnographic research. In addition, we carried out systematic observations in the homes and clubs of older people in the district of Peñalolén. The analysis of this material shows that social support networks and community care practices among those who participate in the clubs make up social and cultural capital that is activated in times of crisis. Without this capital, coping with these periods of great difficulties would be much more challenging.

本文介绍了一项案例研究，研究对象是参加 Peñalolén 区（智利首都大区）俱乐部的老年人开展的社区关怀实践。我们关注的重点是在由 Covid-19 引发的大流行期间，以及在随后几个月老年人开始再次聚会时，在这些集体社交空间中所表达的关爱经验。我们的目的是描述在这些空间中表达的关爱经验和实践，关注老年人在个人自由受到高度限制的情况下开展的关爱活动。为此，我们在 2021 年至 2022 年期间，在人种学研究框架内进行了 32 次传记访谈。此外，我们还在佩尼亚洛伦区老年人的家中和俱乐部进行了系统的观察。对这些材料的分析表明，参加俱乐部的老年人之间的社会支持网络和社区护理实践构成了社会和文化资本，在危机时期被激活。如果没有这些资本，应对这些巨大困难时期的挑战将更加艰巨。

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引用次数: 0