Journal of International Management最新文献

英文中文

Can conflict be a desirable step in trust-building within international strategic alliances? A systematic literature review and typology 在国际战略联盟内部建立信任的过程中，冲突能成为一个理想的步骤吗？系统的文献综述和类型学

IF 5.9 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Journal of International Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2025.101234

Claudio De Mattos , Laura Salciuviene , Stuart Sanderson

In the context of international alliance formation and stability, conflicts are traditionally represented as impediments, to be avoided or at least minimised. Motivated by earlier research and Positive Organisational Scholarship, we problematise the literature on conflicts and challenge such assumptions, coming up with a new research question: ‘How might conflicts be managed to build trust between international partners and ultimately support international strategic alliance formation and stability?’ We create a typology linking constructive conflict management procedures and trust. A better understanding of calculative trust, cognitive trust, and the progression from calculative to cognitive trust can facilitate the achievement of this goal. Well-managed conflicts can enhance trust-building between partners (prospective or current), supporting over time alliance formation and stability. Conflict can be changed from accustomed negative perceptions to a force for good, following a problematisation approach. In our typology, we explore the link of each procedure with calculative trust, cognitive trust, and the transition between calculative and cognitive trust. We create three meta-categories for these nine procedures and select examples from the literature that are connected to four established theoretical frameworks in the international strategic alliances area, i.e. transaction cost, institutional perspective, resource-based view, and organisational learning.

在国际联盟形成和稳定的背景下，冲突传统上被视为障碍，需要避免或至少最小化。在早期研究和积极组织学术的激励下，我们对有关冲突的文献提出了质疑，并对这些假设提出了挑战，提出了一个新的研究问题：“如何管理冲突，在国际合作伙伴之间建立信任，并最终支持国际战略联盟的形成和稳定？”“我们创建了一种类型，将建设性的冲突管理程序和信任联系起来。更好地理解计算信任、认知信任以及从计算信任到认知信任的进展可以促进这一目标的实现。管理得当的冲突可以增强伙伴（未来的或现在的）之间的信任，随着时间的推移支持联盟的形成和稳定。按照问题化的方法，冲突可以从习惯的消极看法转变为一种积极的力量。在我们的类型学中，我们探讨了每个过程与计算信任、认知信任的联系，以及计算信任和认知信任之间的过渡。我们为这九个过程创建了三个元类别，并从文献中选择了与国际战略联盟领域四个已建立的理论框架相关的例子，即交易成本、制度视角、资源基础视角和组织学习。

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引用次数: 0

Foreign and domestic university collaboration for outbound open innovation 国内外高校合作开展对外开放创新

IF 5.9 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Journal of International Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2025.101232

Omid Aliasghar , C. Annique Un , Kazuhiro Asakawa , Jarrod Haar , Sihong Wu

Outbound open innovation, the external commercialization of the firm's knowledge, is important for creating and sustaining its competitive advantage. Surprisingly, limited studies have explained how and why a firm can enhance its likelihood of engagement in outbound open innovation activities by collaborating with universities, especially foreign ones. Building on the knowledge-based view (KBV), first, we differentiate the effects of collaborating with foreign versus domestic universities, since these create scientific knowledge that varies in novelty and ease of transfer. Second, based on these two knowledge dimensions, we argue that foreign university collaboration is more likely to have a higher positive association with outbound open innovation than domestic university collaboration, because the former has higher knowledge novelty than the latter. Third, however, when firms also collaborate with domestic value chain partners, collaborating with domestic universities is likely to have a higher positive association. We tested these arguments on 541 firms in New Zealand and found that collaborating with foreign universities has a positive association, especially when the universities are located in developed economies. Collaborating with domestic universities has a positive association when firms also collaborate with their domestic value chain partners.

对外开放式创新，即企业知识的对外商业化，对企业创造和保持竞争优势具有重要意义。令人惊讶的是，有限的研究已经解释了企业如何以及为什么可以通过与大学（尤其是外国大学）合作来提高其参与对外开放创新活动的可能性。基于基于知识的观点（KBV），首先，我们区分了与国外大学和国内大学合作的效果，因为它们创造的科学知识在新颖性和转移的便利性方面各不相同。其次，基于这两个知识维度，我们认为国外大学合作比国内大学合作更可能与对外开放创新产生更高的正相关关系，因为前者具有更高的知识新颖性。然而，当企业同时与国内价值链伙伴合作时，与国内大学合作可能具有更高的正相关。我们在新西兰的541家公司中测试了这些论点，发现与外国大学合作有积极的联系，特别是当这些大学位于发达经济体时。当企业与国内价值链合作伙伴合作时，与国内大学合作具有正相关关系。

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引用次数: 0

“Do you understand me correctly?” The role of accents in communication in global virtual teams “你明白我的意思吗？”全球虚拟团队中口音在沟通中的作用

IF 5.9 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Journal of International Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2024.101221

Mike Szymanski , Carlo Brighi

This study investigates the role of accent-based status differences on communication within global virtual teams. Through a quasi-experimental study including 117 individuals and 357 voicemails and written messages, we examine recipients' perceptions of the sender's intentions. We show how accent status – distinguished between native and non-native – match in verbal communication plays a role in how listeners interpret feedback. Applying social identity theory and suggesting an extension to media synchronicity theory, our study advances language-sensitive international management research by demonstrating that accent – in addition to language proficiency – constitutes another aspect of language that plays a role in interaction among linguistically diverse global virtual team members. We discuss implications for practice and future research.

本研究探讨了全球虚拟团队中基于口音的地位差异在沟通中的作用。通过一项包含117个人和357个语音邮件和书面信息的准实验研究，我们检验了接收者对发送者意图的感知。我们展示了语言交际中的口音状态（区分母语和非母语）匹配如何在听者如何解释反馈中发挥作用。运用社会认同理论并将其扩展到媒体同步性理论，我们的研究通过证明口音——除了语言能力之外——是语言的另一个方面，在语言多样化的全球虚拟团队成员之间的互动中发挥作用，从而推进了语言敏感的国际管理研究。我们讨论了对实践和未来研究的启示。

引用次数: 0

Fostering assigned expatriates' thriving at work through cultural intelligence and local embeddedness: The role of relational attachment 通过文化智慧和本地嵌入性促进外派人员在工作中蓬勃发展：关系依恋的作用

IF 5.9 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Journal of International Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2024.101222

Michael Asiedu Gyensare , Priyanka Jain , Eric Adom Asante , Samuel Adomako , Kwame Simpe Ofori , Yocabel Hayford

Past research has noted that assigned expatriates (AEs) face challenges that often lead to premature termination when dispatched by the parent organisation to live and work abroad. However, recent statistics show that most AEs have no knowledge on how to overcome these cultural challenges prior to sending them abroad. Guided by the socially embedded model of thriving at work, we explain how cultural intelligence leads to local embeddedness and the latter's effect on AEs thriving at work. Further, the relationship between local embeddedness and AEs' thriving at work differs across varying levels of relational attachment. Our unique three-month time-lagged data from 234 AEs in eight multinational corporations (MNCs) with subsidiaries in Ghana offered support to our hypotheses. Cultural intelligence promotes local embeddedness, which, in turn, stimulates AEs thriving at work. Additionally, higher levels of relational attachment prompt AEs to leverage their local embeddedness to learn novel things that make them feel alive, energized, and awake at work. Implications for theory and practice, limitations and future research directions are discussed.

过去的研究指出，外派员工（ae）面临的挑战往往导致他们被母公司派往国外生活和工作时被提前解雇。然而，最近的统计数据显示，大多数留学生在出国之前并不知道如何克服这些文化挑战。在社会嵌入模型的指导下，我们解释了文化智力如何导致本地嵌入，以及后者对工作中蓬勃发展的影响。此外，在不同层次的关系依恋中，本地嵌入性与ae在工作中表现良好之间的关系也有所不同。我们从8家在加纳设有子公司的跨国公司（MNCs）的234家企业获得的独特的三个月滞后数据为我们的假设提供了支持。文化智商促进了对当地的归属感，这反过来又刺激了员工在工作中表现出色。此外，更高水平的关系依恋促使ae利用他们的本地嵌入性来学习新奇的东西，使他们在工作中感到充满活力、精力充沛和清醒。讨论了理论与实践的意义、局限性和未来的研究方向。

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引用次数: 0

Between rock and a hard place: The impact of home country demand on exclusive international strategic alliances forged by new technology ventures 进退两难：本国需求对由新技术企业打造的独家国际战略联盟的影响

IF 5.9 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Journal of International Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2025.101233

Deepak Sardana , Narain Gupta , Huda Khan

This study seeks to progress the relatively thin body of scholarly research on the exclusive characteristics of strategic international alliances forged globally, particularly by new technology ventures. Due to the liability of smallness and newness, these new ventures need to strategically adopt exclusivity in licensing to secure partners across the globe to help them overcome the lack of resources and market access capability. Adopting resource dependence theory, the present study suggests that market size is a key consideration for the determinants of exclusive licensing for new technology ventures. The study investigates if the home demand of a country will influence the propensity to form exclusive international partnerships for new technology ventures. Based on the dataset of 545 international partnerships across the globe, findings of the study provide strong support to the idea that new ventures based in developed countries with limited market size (i.e., small-developed countries) are disproportionately more inclined to offer exclusive partnerships. Significant and positive moderation to the above findings were found due to the effect of sub-sectors, but not due to the size of the partner firms in the international market. The post-hoc analysis considering international and domestic alliances combined sample indicated consistent findings. The findings have theoretical, practical, and policy related implications for international strategic partnerships.

本研究旨在推动相对薄弱的关于全球战略国际联盟（特别是新技术企业）独有特征的学术研究。由于小而新，这些新企业需要在战略上采取排他性的许可，以确保在全球范围内的合作伙伴，以帮助他们克服缺乏资源和市场准入能力。本文采用资源依赖理论，认为市场规模是决定新技术企业独家许可的关键因素。该研究调查了一个国家的国内需求是否会影响为新技术企业建立排他性国际伙伴关系的倾向。基于全球545个国际伙伴关系的数据集，该研究的结果为以下观点提供了强有力的支持：市场规模有限的发达国家（即小发达国家）的新企业不成比例地更倾向于提供独家伙伴关系。由于子行业的影响，发现上述结果具有显著的正向调节作用，但不受国际市场上合作伙伴公司规模的影响。考虑到国际和国内联盟组合样本的事后分析表明了一致的结果。研究结果对国际战略伙伴关系具有理论、实践和政策意义。

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引用次数: 0

It is not only what you say, but how you say it: A language attitude perspective of skilled migrants' culture-related linguistic skills and workplace integration in multinational corporations 这不仅仅是你说什么，而是你怎么说：技术移民的文化相关语言技能和跨国公司工作场所融合的语言态度视角

IF 5.9 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Journal of International Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2025.101235

Jinju Xie , Vesa Peltokorpi

This study adopts an abductive approach, drawing on the language attitude perspective and interviews with 168 skilled migrants (SMs) to examine how and why culture-related language differences influence the workplace integration of SMs in Japan-based multinational corporations (MNCs). Our analysis shows that three culture-related language differences — (1) honorifics, (2) indirect expressions, and (3) empathic expressions — lead local employees to categorize SMs as outgroup members and to negatively evaluate their professional and managerial abilities. Despite having high general language proficiency, SMs continue to occupy disadvantaged positions in local MNCs, primarily due to local employees' negative assessments of actual or perceived differences in culture-related linguistic skills.

本研究采用诱变方法，利用语言态度视角和对168名技术移民（SMs）的访谈来研究文化相关的语言差异如何以及为什么影响日本跨国公司（MNCs）的SMs工作场所整合。我们的分析表明，三种与文化相关的语言差异——(1)敬语、(2)间接表达和(3)移情表达——导致当地员工将短信归类为外群体成员，并对其专业和管理能力产生负面评价。尽管SMs具有较高的通用语言熟练程度，但在当地跨国公司中，SMs继续占据不利地位，主要原因是当地员工对与文化相关的语言技能的实际或感知差异的负面评估。

引用次数: 0

Do global dynamic managerial capabilities affect MNEs' divestments of their overseas subsidiaries? 全球动态管理能力是否影响跨国公司剥离其海外子公司？

IF 5.9 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Journal of International Management

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2025.101236

Ha Nguyen, Roger Strange

Divestment of foreign subsidiaries by multinational enterprises (MNEs) is a common, yet under-researched phenomenon. The main contribution of this paper is to examine the effects of the global dynamic managerial capabilities (GDMCs) embedded in the top management teams (TMTs) of the MNEs on the likelihood that they will divest their foreign subsidiaries. Following Tasheva and Nielsen (2022), we consider three GDMCs, viz.: international human capital; international social capital, and international managerial cognition. Our empirical analysis confirms that all three GDMCs have significant negative impacts on the likelihood of divestment of foreign subsidiaries (or, equivalently, significant positive impacts on the likelihood of retention of foreign subsidiaries). We also explore the impacts of subsidiary age on the likelihood of retention, and find that longstanding subsidiaries are more likely to be retained than newly-established subsidiaries, and that age enhances the impacts of the three GDMCs.

跨国公司（MNEs）撤资海外子公司是一个普遍但研究不足的现象。本文的主要贡献是研究跨国公司高层管理团队中嵌入的全球动态管理能力（GDMCs）对跨国公司剥离其外国子公司的可能性的影响。继Tasheva和Nielsen（2022）之后，我们考虑了三个gdmc，即：国际人力资本；国际社会资本与国际管理认知。我们的实证分析证实，所有三种gdmc对撤资外国子公司的可能性都有显著的负面影响（或者，同等地，对保留外国子公司的可能性有显著的积极影响）。我们还探讨了子公司年龄对保留可能性的影响，发现长期子公司比新成立的子公司更有可能保留，并且年龄增强了三家gdmc的影响。

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Stability of international joint ventures: When experience and age overshadow host country risk” [J. Int. Manag. 30 (2024)/101205] 国际合资企业的稳定性：经验和年龄掩盖东道国风险[J]。Int。管理。30 (2024)/101205]

IF 5.9 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Journal of International Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2024.101220

Hamza Aib

引用次数: 0

When do firms overspend on CSR? The impacts of foreignness and institutional distance 企业什么时候会在企业社会责任上超支？外来和制度距离的影响

IF 5.9 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Journal of International Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2024.101216

Vikrant Shirodkar , Rishika Nayyar , Paresha Sinha

Recent research has shown that corporate social responsibility (CSR) is no longer purely voluntary; it is increasingly subject to government mandates or institutional pressures requiring firms to spend a prescribed amount on CSR. This raises an important question for subsidiaries of multinational enterprises (MNEs) operating within a host country: should they spend more than these prescribed amounts (i.e., overspend) on CSR? Drawing from institutional theory and legitimacy perspectives, we argue that subsidiaries of foreign MNEs are less likely to overspend on CSR when compared to local firms. Additionally, we contend that among foreign subsidiaries, the institutional distance—both in absolute and directional terms—between the MNE's home country and the host country impacts CSR overspending. We examine these effects using a panel dataset of 3732 firms (12,093 firm-year observations) over the period 2015–2021 in India, where CSR spending has been made mandatory for large and medium enterprises. Our findings contribute to the literature on MNEs' CSR activities in host countries.

最近的研究表明，企业社会责任（CSR）不再纯粹是自愿的；它越来越受到政府指令或机构压力的影响，要求企业在企业社会责任上花费规定的金额。这就给在东道国经营的跨国企业（MNEs）的子公司提出了一个重要问题：它们在企业社会责任上的支出是否应该超过规定的金额（即超支）？从制度理论和合法性的角度出发，我们认为与本地公司相比，外国跨国公司的子公司不太可能在企业社会责任上超支。此外，我们认为，在外国子公司中，跨国公司母国与东道国之间的制度距离（无论是绝对距离还是方向距离）都会影响企业社会责任超支。我们使用印度2015-2021年期间3732家公司的面板数据集（12,093家公司年观察数据）来检验这些影响，在印度，企业社会责任支出已成为大中型企业的强制性规定。我们的研究结果有助于研究跨国公司在东道国的企业社会责任活动。

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引用次数: 0

How does outward FDI in developed economies affect the R&D of emerging economy firms? An attention-based view 发达经济体的对外直接投资如何影响新兴经济体企业的研发？以注意力为基础的观点

IF 5.9 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Journal of International Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2024.101217

En Xie , Jiaxin Lin , Honghui Zou

Internal R&D and outward foreign direct investment in developed economies (OFDI-in-DE) are recognized as two important elements for emerging economy firms (EEFs) attempting to innovate. However, it is less clear whether these elements act as complements or substitutes to each other. Building on the attention-based view, we explore how OFDI-in-DE affects internal R&D in terms of input scale and output efficiency. Using a longitudinal sample of Chinese listed firms from 2006 to 2018, we find that OFDI-in-DE not only leads to a reduction in EEFs' R&D investment, but also weakens the positive effect of the investment on firms' innovation performance, measured by the number of patent applications filed during a specific period. This suggests that EEFs' OFDI-in-DE substitutes for internal R&D investments in both scale and efficiency aspects. Our results also show that these effects vary depending on market competition and organizational slack. Specifically, the substitution effects become stronger in EEFs operating in highly competitive industries, but weaker in those with ample organizational slack. Our study sheds light on the interrelation between internal R&D and OFDI-in-DE activities for EEFs.

发达经济体的内部研发和对外直接投资（OFDI-in-DE）被认为是新兴经济体企业（EEFs）试图创新的两个重要因素。然而，尚不清楚这些元素是互为补充还是互为替代。基于注意基础的观点，我们从投入规模和产出效率两方面探讨了fdi对内部研发的影响。利用2006 - 2018年中国上市公司的纵向样本，我们发现外商直接投资不仅导致了企业研发投资的减少，而且削弱了投资对企业创新绩效的积极影响（以特定时期的专利申请量衡量）。这表明，在规模和效率方面，中小企业的外商直接投资替代了内部研发投资。我们的研究结果还表明，这些影响取决于市场竞争和组织松弛。具体而言，在竞争激烈的行业中，替代效应更强，而在组织松弛程度较高的行业中，替代效应较弱。我们的研究揭示了中小企业内部研发与外商直接投资活动之间的相互关系。

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