Journal of International Management最新文献

Host country nationals (HCNs) possess unique and valuable knowledge which is critical to expatriate and multinational company (MNC) success. Drawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory, we explore the negative effect of role overload on HCNs' knowledge sharing toward expatriates. Using two waves of data collected from 512 HCNs, we find HCNs' role overload inhibits their knowledge sharing behavior via perspective taking. The results also show that HCNs' personality agreeableness buffers the negative relationship between role overload and perspective taking. Our study provides significant theoretical and practical implications to expatriate literature.

Building on effectuation theory, this paper investigates the role of entrepreneurial autonomy in driving emerging market SMEs' internationalization. Based on insights from multiple case studies and archival data from emerging market SMEs, this study finds that employees lack autonomy in their duties. A developed model also helps us to clarify how effectuation decision-making—balancing partnership and pre-commitment, opportunity exploitation and investment ceiling, business development with emerging opportunities and exploiting resources and capabilities, flexibility, proactiveness toward waste reduction—strengthen concentration of autonomy in top management. The theoretical and managerial implications of the findings are presented.

Additive manufacturing has recently gained prominence in the international business literature due to its disruptive potential. The paper aims to investigate the intersection between additive manufacturing and international business to identify and highlight challenges and opportunities tied to its adoption. Additionally, the study proposes a broader perspective on internalization and global value chain theory to understand the implications of additive manufacturing for the global strategy of international business ventures. This study employs both thematic and content analysis using academic sources and professional documents such as business cases, newspaper articles, and specialized blogs. The goal is to bridge the gap between industry and academia on additive manufacturing in international business. Our integrated view from both academia and industry reveals how the adoption of additive manufacturing has several potential benefits, ranging from the shortening of the value chain, enhanced customer relationships through higher levels of customization, and a more sustainable production pattern with reduced environmental impact compared to traditional manufacturing. Along with the benefits, this study illustrates a few challenges that might hinder the adoption of additive manufacturing in international business, with theoretical and practical implications.

While a firm can minimize its own political risk, there are idiosyncratic and country-specific risks that are more difficult to control. In particular, home country governments pursue their own foreign policies independently of business, forging international linkages with other countries in pursuit of tangible benefits. But what happens when a government forges connectivity to a country which exhibits volatility or generates geopolitical shocks? This paper examines this question by studying the response of European stock markets to the ongoing (since 2014) Russian invasion of Ukraine. Using a variety of metrics to measure political connectivity, we distinguish between anti-Russian governments and governments which are more favorable to Russia during this period, combining this connectivity data with a new database of sanctions and war-related events. Applying asymmetric GARCH, panel estimations, and event study methods, we find that the uncertainty caused by Russian aggression in Ukraine has harmed financial markets in countries such as Serbia and Hungary, countries which have willingly forged connections with Russia during this time. Consistently, our empirical results show that, by tying a country to another one via political means, politicians also have tied the fortunes of their capital markets to the success or failure of this partner.

This study considers the combined effects of formal (i.e., national governance) and informal (i.e., national culture) institutions on corruption based on a sample of 52 African countries over the 2007–2022 period. Employing institutional theory, our findings are three-fold. First, we find weak formal institutions (i.e., national governance systems) to be associated with higher levels of corruption. Second, regarding the effects of informal institutions (i.e., national culture) on the level of corruption, our results suggest that high power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and collectivism are associated with higher levels of corruption. However, masculinity has a negative and significant influence on the level of corruption in Africa. Finally, our main results indicate that the joint effect of formal (national governance) and informal (national culture) institutions tends to be associated with a high incidence of corruption at societal level.

This study seeks to understand why and how multinational enterprise (MNE) subsidiaries use non-market strategies to establish legitimacy in weak institutional environments. By adopting an in-depth qualitative approach, we explore the non-market strategies enacted by four MNE subsidiaries operating in Cameroon. We find that MNE subsidiaries endeavour to gain legitimacy and social reputation in weak institutional environments by engaging with multiple local stakeholders through corporate social responsibility and political non-market strategies. Our findings support the previous studies on emerging African markets that the host-country government remains the most critical and challenging stakeholder. However, firms experience legitimacy risks due to their strong ties with the government during periods of political and social instability. The subsidiaries mesh social with political strategies and use them as complementary strategies for developing their social reputation and gaining social license to operate in the host market, thus mitigating social and political risks from aligning with the host government. We draw implications of these findings for research and practice.

Our study examines the impact of perceived organizational support (POS) and perceived social costs (PSC) in advice-seeking on the relationship between expatriate advice-seeking from host country nationals (HCNs) and expatriate adjustment. We conducted two studies: (1) a field study with survey data collected from Indian expatriates in the U.S. and (2) an experimental study. Findings from our research reveal a significant three-way interaction between expatriate advice-seeking, POS, and PSC. Specifically, the moderating effect of POS was more pronounced among expatriates perceiving low social costs in seeking advice from HCNs. PSC emerged as a significant barrier to expatriate adjustment, outweighing the positive effects of high POS. However, when expatriates perceive low PSC in advice-seeking, organizational support becomes more effective compared to situations with high perceived social costs. This research advances the understanding of expatriate coping and organizational support theory by highlighting the boundary conditions of POS in facilitating expatriate adjustment.

To date, the extant Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) literature has overlooked the performance consequences of different forms of CSR investments made by Emerging Market Multinational Corporations (EMNCs). Addressing this knowledge gap, and drawing on legitimacy theory, we examine the impact of external CSR investments (e.g., social and community philanthropic support activities) and internal CSR investments (e.g., working conditions, employee rights and equal employment opportunities) on financial performance of EMNCs, while also accounting for the moderating effects of internationalization location choices. We test our hypotheses on a panel consisting of 1513 unique Indian EMNCs, in the 2014–2019 time-period. On applying various estimation techniques, the findings reveal that both external and internal CSR investments are positively associated with financial performance of EMNCs, while the destination location of foreign investments and home-host geographic and institutional distance moderate these relationships. This study offers new empirical evidence on the financial implications of different types of CSR investments available to EMNCs and advances legitimacy theory by expanding its dimensional and contextual scope.

Global cities function as important international innovation hubs and are key nodes in international business networks. Yet this focus on international knowledge networks may render it less likely that global cities establish and maintain intensive local innovation linkages with their surrounding areas. We argue that while the relationship between the global network orientation of global cities and their local linkages with their surrounding areas is negative, the strength of this relationship depends global city and surrounding regions' knowledge base and the ease of local linkage formation. Global linkages are expected to be more detrimental to the establishment of local linkages if the global city is a global technology leader, but less so if the surrounding region has a greater innovation strength and is more proximate to the global city. We find partial support for these hypotheses in an analysis of the collaborative innovation linkages of 21 U.S. global cities with 310 surrounding counties, 2001–2015.

The literature generally supports the linear effect of cross-border acquisition (CBA) experience on subsequent CBA behaviour. We draw from the extended organisational learning perspective to propose an S-shaped relationship between CBA experience and subsequent CBAs. We hypothesise that the number of CBAs decreases at a low level of CBA experience, increases at a moderate level of CBA experience, and decreases again at a high level of CBA experience. Based on a sample of 1675 observations from 205 Indian MNEs, we find support for our hypothesis. Our findings contribute to the CBA literature, specifically in the context of emerging economy multinational enterprises.