Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.1177/00113921221105915
Amritorupa Sen
The caste system in India traditionally confers immense prestige to upper caste Brahmins and severely curtails the backward castes. In spite of institutional efforts to diminish caste-based discrimination, several contemporary studies underscore the invisible ways in which caste operates. The central question that this article asks is, ‘How do Brahmins maintain and assert their privilege today?’. Focusing on the Brahmin residents of Deulpota (village in West Bengal) and rural Brahmin migrants in Kolkata (city), I trace their social networks to learn about how Brahmins subtly maintain their status and privilege in day-to-day life. I argue that Brahmins form and maintain social networks in ways which innocuously preserve their privileges through social capital accessed from diverse asymmetrical relations. These privileges and advantages are sustained through Brahmins’ networks of the instrumental kind. Wealthy Brahmins forge these relations to preserve their social position, their family lineage and to control the subordinates while the struggling resource-poor Brahmins use their caste position to cope with impediments of their class status. As such, this study shows how being Brahmin allows for easier access to important instrumental relations (which are not merely caste-based) and resources embedded in them.
{"title":"The surviving power of Brahmin privilege","authors":"Amritorupa Sen","doi":"10.1177/00113921221105915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921221105915","url":null,"abstract":"The caste system in India traditionally confers immense prestige to upper caste Brahmins and severely curtails the backward castes. In spite of institutional efforts to diminish caste-based discrimination, several contemporary studies underscore the invisible ways in which caste operates. The central question that this article asks is, ‘How do Brahmins maintain and assert their privilege today?’. Focusing on the Brahmin residents of Deulpota (village in West Bengal) and rural Brahmin migrants in Kolkata (city), I trace their social networks to learn about how Brahmins subtly maintain their status and privilege in day-to-day life. I argue that Brahmins form and maintain social networks in ways which innocuously preserve their privileges through social capital accessed from diverse asymmetrical relations. These privileges and advantages are sustained through Brahmins’ networks of the instrumental kind. Wealthy Brahmins forge these relations to preserve their social position, their family lineage and to control the subordinates while the struggling resource-poor Brahmins use their caste position to cope with impediments of their class status. As such, this study shows how being Brahmin allows for easier access to important instrumental relations (which are not merely caste-based) and resources embedded in them.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48677579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.1177/00113921221100580
Areej Sabbagh-Khoury
The ‘archival turn’ has prompted historical scholarship to reevaluate the positivist sourcing of knowledge, especially in contentious contexts. The archive’s configuration, and attendant mechanisms of classification, apprehension, and attribution indicate colonial governance just as much as inscribed histories and discourses. Scholarship on the Zionist movement in early-20th century Palestine has been slow to adopt the analytical shift from archive as source to archive as subject. This article examines archiving, forms of classification, and the organization of settler colonial history in the context of the Zionist movement’s leftist pole. Cases from the author’s fieldwork are used to introduce the term archives of apprehension: how the informational practices and anxiety over territorial reversibility that settler colonial archives are built upon in fact preserve the collective indigenous presence that colonization tries to marginalize. The article concludes by considering how historical sociology can better instrumentalize such archives to learn about the emergence and endurance of entangled settler/native socialites.
{"title":"Settler colonialism and the archives of apprehension","authors":"Areej Sabbagh-Khoury","doi":"10.1177/00113921221100580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921221100580","url":null,"abstract":"The ‘archival turn’ has prompted historical scholarship to reevaluate the positivist sourcing of knowledge, especially in contentious contexts. The archive’s configuration, and attendant mechanisms of classification, apprehension, and attribution indicate colonial governance just as much as inscribed histories and discourses. Scholarship on the Zionist movement in early-20th century Palestine has been slow to adopt the analytical shift from archive as source to archive as subject. This article examines archiving, forms of classification, and the organization of settler colonial history in the context of the Zionist movement’s leftist pole. Cases from the author’s fieldwork are used to introduce the term archives of apprehension: how the informational practices and anxiety over territorial reversibility that settler colonial archives are built upon in fact preserve the collective indigenous presence that colonization tries to marginalize. The article concludes by considering how historical sociology can better instrumentalize such archives to learn about the emergence and endurance of entangled settler/native socialites.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46770691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-04DOI: 10.1177/00113921221100579
M. Griffiths
Understanding disabled youth activism is key for improving young disabled people’s participation in politics and social change. Young disabled people require opportunities to situate historical and biographical experiences within broader socio-economic contexts. This will lead to a politicised consciousness surrounding disability, emancipation and social justice. This article presents empirical data from the first study on young disabled people’s contemporary position within the UK Disabled People’s Movement. It critically assesses three areas pertinent to youth activism: activist membership, social movement organisation and future considerations for activism. This allows for an exploration of how young disabled activists navigate collective action, influence activist claims and demands and understand the issues for sustaining a disabled people’s social movement. The article illustrates young disabled activists’ desire to disrupt their current position within the UK Disabled People’s Movement and bring into focus a future where young disabled people’s contributions to activism and social movements are accessible, valued and influential. The article argues that a failure to support young disabled people’s participation within social movements will have an adverse impact on their political identities.
{"title":"Disabled youth participation within activism and social movement bases: An empirical investigation of the UK Disabled People’s Movement","authors":"M. Griffiths","doi":"10.1177/00113921221100579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921221100579","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding disabled youth activism is key for improving young disabled people’s participation in politics and social change. Young disabled people require opportunities to situate historical and biographical experiences within broader socio-economic contexts. This will lead to a politicised consciousness surrounding disability, emancipation and social justice. This article presents empirical data from the first study on young disabled people’s contemporary position within the UK Disabled People’s Movement. It critically assesses three areas pertinent to youth activism: activist membership, social movement organisation and future considerations for activism. This allows for an exploration of how young disabled activists navigate collective action, influence activist claims and demands and understand the issues for sustaining a disabled people’s social movement. The article illustrates young disabled activists’ desire to disrupt their current position within the UK Disabled People’s Movement and bring into focus a future where young disabled people’s contributions to activism and social movements are accessible, valued and influential. The article argues that a failure to support young disabled people’s participation within social movements will have an adverse impact on their political identities.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43115229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-04DOI: 10.1177/00113921221097153
Rachel Condry, C. Miles
This article focuses on the important and persistent phenomenon of women killed by their sons. We argue that parricide (the killing of parents) is a gendered form of violence, given that women are disproportionately represented as victims compared to other forms of violence (aside from domestic homicide by current or ex partners) and that son-mother killings are a form of femicide that is often hidden. Not only do they fall under literal definitions of femicide in that they involve women being killed by men, but they also, we contend, fall under motivation-driven definitions as the killing of women by men because they are women and an institutional state failure to protect them as women. Drawing upon analysis of Homicide Index data and 57 case studies of parricide in the United Kingdom, we show that in many cases women are killed by their adult-aged mentally ill sons, within a broader context of ‘parental proximity’, maternal caregiving and intersectional invisibility, which ultimately renders them vulnerable to fatal violence.
{"title":"Who counts? The invisibility of mothers as victims of femicide","authors":"Rachel Condry, C. Miles","doi":"10.1177/00113921221097153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921221097153","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the important and persistent phenomenon of women killed by their sons. We argue that parricide (the killing of parents) is a gendered form of violence, given that women are disproportionately represented as victims compared to other forms of violence (aside from domestic homicide by current or ex partners) and that son-mother killings are a form of femicide that is often hidden. Not only do they fall under literal definitions of femicide in that they involve women being killed by men, but they also, we contend, fall under motivation-driven definitions as the killing of women by men because they are women and an institutional state failure to protect them as women. Drawing upon analysis of Homicide Index data and 57 case studies of parricide in the United Kingdom, we show that in many cases women are killed by their adult-aged mentally ill sons, within a broader context of ‘parental proximity’, maternal caregiving and intersectional invisibility, which ultimately renders them vulnerable to fatal violence.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":"71 1","pages":"43 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47372249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-04DOI: 10.1177/00113921221093093
D. Lepianka
By exploring carefully selected education-related debates that have taken place in and through news media in five European countries, the current study investigates the role of inter-ethnic tensions in organizing public imaging of justice in educational matters. It focuses in particular on analysing in what ways and on what levels of moral reasoning justice-related tensions in the realm of education are permeated with inter-ethnic conflict. The results show that among the various justice-related controversies in educational matters, tensions around the imagined ‘who’ of (in)justice, the alleged winners and losers of educational policies, and the perceived victims and victimizers are absolutely crucial, determining the preferred definition of (in)justice as well as the choice of principles that should govern the realization of justice. Current analysis also shows how claiming victimhood by members of majorities pairs with ‘shifting blame’ and turning minorities into the agents of majoritarian suffering.
{"title":"What is just and unjust in education? Role of inter-ethnic tensions in defining justice in education through the prism of media debates","authors":"D. Lepianka","doi":"10.1177/00113921221093093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921221093093","url":null,"abstract":"By exploring carefully selected education-related debates that have taken place in and through news media in five European countries, the current study investigates the role of inter-ethnic tensions in organizing public imaging of justice in educational matters. It focuses in particular on analysing in what ways and on what levels of moral reasoning justice-related tensions in the realm of education are permeated with inter-ethnic conflict. The results show that among the various justice-related controversies in educational matters, tensions around the imagined ‘who’ of (in)justice, the alleged winners and losers of educational policies, and the perceived victims and victimizers are absolutely crucial, determining the preferred definition of (in)justice as well as the choice of principles that should govern the realization of justice. Current analysis also shows how claiming victimhood by members of majorities pairs with ‘shifting blame’ and turning minorities into the agents of majoritarian suffering.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41523807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-04DOI: 10.1177/00113921221100583
Kristin Wiksell, A. Henriksson
The article examines how members of worker cooperatives articulated friendship as resistance against capitalist work relations. This elucidates relatively unexplored links between research on workplace friendships and resistance studies. Based on interviews with members from small Swedish worker co-ops, the analysis shows that the co-ops hinged their friendships on authenticity, but also valued friendship explicitly for its economic and political benefits. Yet, this ideal of authentic and equal friendships sat side by side with narratives of what the article calls ‘friendship compliance’. This concept denotes how friendships may instil loyalty, reduce dissent and promote self-sacrifice. It is argued that while such compliance can be at odds with cooperative ideals, its expression in the worker co-ops studied here did not coincide with how the same mechanism has been described as operating in capitalist work organisations.
{"title":"Friends against capitalism: Constructive resistance and friendship compliance in worker cooperatives","authors":"Kristin Wiksell, A. Henriksson","doi":"10.1177/00113921221100583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921221100583","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines how members of worker cooperatives articulated friendship as resistance against capitalist work relations. This elucidates relatively unexplored links between research on workplace friendships and resistance studies. Based on interviews with members from small Swedish worker co-ops, the analysis shows that the co-ops hinged their friendships on authenticity, but also valued friendship explicitly for its economic and political benefits. Yet, this ideal of authentic and equal friendships sat side by side with narratives of what the article calls ‘friendship compliance’. This concept denotes how friendships may instil loyalty, reduce dissent and promote self-sacrifice. It is argued that while such compliance can be at odds with cooperative ideals, its expression in the worker co-ops studied here did not coincide with how the same mechanism has been described as operating in capitalist work organisations.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48569264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-03DOI: 10.1177/00113921221095964
Itamar Y. Shachar, Nir Gazit, E. Grassiani
This introductory chapter to the monograph issue Weaponized Volunteering explicates and situates the theoretical and conceptual problems the collection addresses. It defines the concept of ‘weaponized volunteering’ and analyzes its importance for understanding the relations between contemporary trends of moralization and militarization or securitization. It does so by providing a brief genealogy of the concept of ‘volunteering’ and the rising public interest in it since the 1990s, with the upsurge of neoliberal transformations and a post-political public sphere. The introduction then continues to review changing ideas in the literature concerning civil–military relationships and also concerning the entanglement of what is considered civil and what falls under non-military ‘security’ domains. It then connects both themes to explain the value of the concept of ‘weaponized volunteering’. Finally, the introduction explores how the various articles in this monograph issue contribute to understanding how moralization and militarization, civic volunteerism, and securitization are increasingly entangled, and reinforce each other.
{"title":"‘Weaponized volunteering’ and re-considering the volunteering-weaponization divide","authors":"Itamar Y. Shachar, Nir Gazit, E. Grassiani","doi":"10.1177/00113921221095964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921221095964","url":null,"abstract":"This introductory chapter to the monograph issue Weaponized Volunteering explicates and situates the theoretical and conceptual problems the collection addresses. It defines the concept of ‘weaponized volunteering’ and analyzes its importance for understanding the relations between contemporary trends of moralization and militarization or securitization. It does so by providing a brief genealogy of the concept of ‘volunteering’ and the rising public interest in it since the 1990s, with the upsurge of neoliberal transformations and a post-political public sphere. The introduction then continues to review changing ideas in the literature concerning civil–military relationships and also concerning the entanglement of what is considered civil and what falls under non-military ‘security’ domains. It then connects both themes to explain the value of the concept of ‘weaponized volunteering’. Finally, the introduction explores how the various articles in this monograph issue contribute to understanding how moralization and militarization, civic volunteerism, and securitization are increasingly entangled, and reinforce each other.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":"71 1","pages":"199 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41409807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-03DOI: 10.1177/00113921221097154
M. Subramaniam
The reflexive approach to explaining the process of data collection entails recognizing the delicate balance between being ethical and having empathy for participants, particularly vulnerable populations, whose life experiences may differ from those of the researcher. Conveying and displaying empathy is emotion work that can be a strain on the researcher because of the tenuous connection between relating to the narrative of the participant and maintaining confidentiality and remaining ethical. Drawing from research on women sex workers in India, I examine the research process, particularly empathy as emotion work that is involved in the interview conversations. Contributing to the area of qualitative research methods, I discuss the implications of the researcher’s emotion work noting that it may ease and diminish the differential power between the researcher and the researched, but it is not eliminated.
{"title":"Empathy in research process: Study of women in sex work in India","authors":"M. Subramaniam","doi":"10.1177/00113921221097154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921221097154","url":null,"abstract":"The reflexive approach to explaining the process of data collection entails recognizing the delicate balance between being ethical and having empathy for participants, particularly vulnerable populations, whose life experiences may differ from those of the researcher. Conveying and displaying empathy is emotion work that can be a strain on the researcher because of the tenuous connection between relating to the narrative of the participant and maintaining confidentiality and remaining ethical. Drawing from research on women sex workers in India, I examine the research process, particularly empathy as emotion work that is involved in the interview conversations. Contributing to the area of qualitative research methods, I discuss the implications of the researcher’s emotion work noting that it may ease and diminish the differential power between the researcher and the researched, but it is not eliminated.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":"71 1","pages":"97 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43688020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-28DOI: 10.1177/00113921221097157
F. Boonzaier
How are we to think about femicide in South Africa – a country with one of the highest rates of gendered violence, globally? The rate of women murdered in South Africa is around five times the global average and at least half of women who are murdered die at the hands of an intimate partner. Every so often, a South African woman’s murder is propelled into national (and sometimes international) media discourse. How these crimes are reported are important for shaping public consciousness about crimes against women, gendered violence and the sexist, misogynistic and patriarchal contexts that produce it. This paper reports on an analysis of instances of femicide that have been reported in South African national media over the past five years. It offers a decolonial feminist reading of the reporting, showing how it is characterised by an overarching narrative that spectacularizes the violence, drawing on long-standing, racialised, colonial tropes about black bodies and identities. The implications of this discourse on femicide are considered for how it contributes to the shaping of collective consciousness and public discourse around how to understand femicide, specifically its victims and its perpetrators.
{"title":"Spectacularising narratives on femicide in South Africa: A decolonial feminist analysis","authors":"F. Boonzaier","doi":"10.1177/00113921221097157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00113921221097157","url":null,"abstract":"How are we to think about femicide in South Africa – a country with one of the highest rates of gendered violence, globally? The rate of women murdered in South Africa is around five times the global average and at least half of women who are murdered die at the hands of an intimate partner. Every so often, a South African woman’s murder is propelled into national (and sometimes international) media discourse. How these crimes are reported are important for shaping public consciousness about crimes against women, gendered violence and the sexist, misogynistic and patriarchal contexts that produce it. This paper reports on an analysis of instances of femicide that have been reported in South African national media over the past five years. It offers a decolonial feminist reading of the reporting, showing how it is characterised by an overarching narrative that spectacularizes the violence, drawing on long-standing, racialised, colonial tropes about black bodies and identities. The implications of this discourse on femicide are considered for how it contributes to the shaping of collective consciousness and public discourse around how to understand femicide, specifically its victims and its perpetrators.","PeriodicalId":47938,"journal":{"name":"Current Sociology","volume":"71 1","pages":"78 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47112150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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