Journal of Adolescent Research最新文献_第7页

Adolescent Dilemmas About Viewing Pornography and Their Efforts to Resolve Them 青少年观看色情作品的困境及其解决措施

IF 2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescent Research

Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/07435584221133307

Robyn Vertongen, Clifford van Ommen, K. Chamberlain

Concerns have been raised about how viewing Sexually Explicit Internet Material (SEIM) shapes adolescents’ understanding of sexual relationships and has potentially negative impacts. However, research frequently takes a narrow view of adolescent SEIM use and excludes their understandings. The present study explored how 13 participants, aged 14 to 15 years, made sense of their experiences with SEIM. In-depth individual interviews were conducted, and five dominant dilemmas faced by participants were abstracted using interpretive analysis. We discuss how these dilemmas were negotiated by adolescents using various strategies. The analysis provides new understandings on how adolescents interpret their SEIM experiences and highlight the limitations of understanding SEIM use solely through risk models. On a practical level, these findings can inform youth, parents and caregivers, and professionals as to how they might understand and help young people navigate the complex area of SEIM.

人们对观看色情网络材料（SEIM）如何影响青少年对性关系的理解并产生潜在的负面影响表示担忧。然而，研究往往对青少年SEIM的使用持狭隘的看法，并排除了他们的理解。本研究探讨了13名年龄在14至15岁之间的参与者多年来，他们了解了自己在SEIM方面的经验。进行了深入的个人访谈，并使用解释分析抽象出参与者面临的五个主要困境。我们讨论了青少年如何使用各种策略来解决这些困境。该分析为青少年如何解释他们的SEIM经历提供了新的理解，并强调了仅通过风险模型理解SEIM使用的局限性。在实践层面上，这些发现可以让年轻人、父母和照顾者以及专业人士了解他们如何理解并帮助年轻人驾驭SEIM的复杂领域。

引用次数: 0

Chinese Youth's Reported Social and Moral Transgressions and Strategies for Self-Correction. 中国青少年社会道德越轨行为报告及自我纠正策略

IF 2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescent Research

Pub Date : 2022-11-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.1177/0743558420979124

Jianjin Liu, Allegra J Midgette

The aim of the current study was to explore Chinese adolescent's social and moral transgressions and strategies for self-correction. For this study, following protocols that have been approved by an Institutional Review Board, 61 Chinese adolescents living in Guangzhou, distributed across three age groups: 10-11-year-olds (N=21, M _age =11. 03, SD =.43), 12-13-year-olds (N= 20, M _age =12.92, SD=.35), and 15-16-year-olds (N=20, M _age =16.15, SD=.30), participated in one-on-one semi-structured interviews. The study employed a deductive analytical approach based on prior social domain research on children's and adolescents' transgressions and strategies for self-correction. This study found that Chinese youth reported conventional transgression events more frequently than any other domain. Moreover, many of adolescents' transgressions involved academic considerations, suggesting that how adolescents' time is organized and the social expectations for adolescent behavior influence the types of transgressions and justifications adolescents will make. Furthermore, participants reported developing self-correcting strategies following 73.6% of events, while 74.5% of strategies were reported to be developed by the adolescents themselves. Therefore, the findings suggest that there is room for adults to collaborate with adolescents in developing strategies to prevent future misbehavior and to encourage youth to not only be "good" or "moral," but to be and do better.

本研究旨在探讨中国青少年的社会道德越轨行为及其自我纠正策略。在本研究中，遵循机构审查委员会批准的方案，61名生活在广州的中国青少年，分布在三个年龄组:10-11岁(N=21, M =11)。3、12 ~ 13岁(N=20, M年龄=12.92,SD= 0.35)、15 ~ 16岁(N=20, M年龄=16.15,SD= 0.30)参加一对一半结构化访谈。本研究在前人社会领域研究的基础上，采用演绎分析方法对儿童青少年的越轨行为及其自我纠正策略进行研究。这项研究发现，中国年轻人报告的传统越轨事件比其他任何地区都要频繁。此外，许多青少年的违法行为涉及学术考虑，这表明青少年的时间安排方式和对青少年行为的社会期望影响了青少年的违法行为类型和正当性。此外，73.6%的参与者报告在事件发生后制定了自我纠正策略，而74.5%的策略报告是由青少年自己制定的。因此，研究结果表明，成年人有空间与青少年合作制定策略，以防止未来的不当行为，并鼓励青少年不仅要“善良”或“有道德”，而且要做得更好。

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引用次数: 2

Toward Generalized Concern: The Development of Compassion and Links to Kind Orientations. 走向广义关怀:同情的发展及其与善良取向的联系。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescent Research

Pub Date : 2022-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/07435584211007840

Joanna Peplak, Tina Malti

Compassion underlies kindness and as such, is important for creating harmonious societies. We examined children and adolescents' personal experiences of compassion and then how youth with different compassion profiles differed in their kindness (i.e., dispositional sympathy and prosocial behavior). An ethnically diverse sample of 8-, 11-, and 15-year-olds (N = 32; 66% girls) provided narratives of times they felt compassion. Next, in another diverse sample of 7-, 11-, and 15-year-olds (N = 168; 49% girls), we assessed youths' potential for global compassion (i.e., compassion that transcends intergroup boundaries) using a novel interview procedure. We also collected self- and caregiver-reports of dispositional sympathy and prosocial behavior. Youths' narratives revealed that youth often experienced compassion toward peers and relatives following both physical and psychological sufferance and often mentioned responding to the suffering other with helping behavior. On average, youth reported moderate levels of global compassion (i.e., compassion toward a suffering victimizer) and developmental trends revealed that 15-year-olds reported lower feelings of compassion than 11-year-olds. Next, latent profile analysis showed that compassion-oriented youth (i.e., youth who displayed moderate-high levels of global compassion) were rated as more prosocial than non-compassion-oriented youth (i.e., those who displayed low levels of global compassion). We discuss findings in relation to theory and research on the development of kindness in general and in intergroup contexts.

同情心是善良的基础，因此，对创建和谐社会很重要。我们研究了儿童和青少年的个人同情经历，然后研究了具有不同同情特征的青少年在善良方面的差异(即性格上的同情和亲社会行为)。8岁、11岁和15岁儿童的种族多样性样本(N = 32;66%的女孩)讲述了她们感到同情的时候。接下来，在另一个不同的样本中，包括7岁、11岁和15岁的孩子(N = 168;49%的女孩)，我们使用一种新颖的访谈程序评估了年轻人的全球同情心(即超越群体界限的同情心)的潜力。我们还收集了自我和照顾者关于性格同情和亲社会行为的报告。年轻人的叙述表明，在经历了身体和心理上的痛苦之后，年轻人通常会对同伴和亲戚产生同情，并且经常提到以帮助他人的行为来回应痛苦。平均而言，青少年报告了中等水平的全球同情心(即对受苦的加害者的同情心)，发展趋势显示，15岁的青少年报告的同情心比11岁的青少年低。其次，潜在轮廓分析显示，同情导向的青年(即表现出中高水平的整体同情的青年)比非同情导向的青年(即表现出低水平的整体同情的青年)被评为更亲社会。我们讨论了与一般和群体间环境中善良发展的理论和研究相关的发现。

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引用次数: 3

Sexual and Gender Diverse Young Adults’ Perception of Behaviors that are Supportive and Unsupportive of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identities 性取向和性别多样化的年轻人对性取向和性认同的支持和不支持行为的感知

IF 2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescent Research

Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.1177/07435584221124957

Jordon D. Bosse, Sabra L. Katz-Wise, L. Chiodo

To explore specific responses that sexual and gender diverse young adults (SGD YA) perceive to be supportive and unsupportive of sexual orientation and gender identity by caregivers and other adults following identity disclosure. SGD YA ( N = 101), ages 18 to 25 years ( M = 21.2) were predominantly White (83.1%), non-Hispanic (89.1%), assigned female at birth (82.2%). The majority (97.8%) were sexually diverse (e.g., queer, pansexual, lesbian, gay, asexual, bisexual) and half (50%) were gender diverse (e.g. transgender, agender, genderqueer, nonbinary). Participants completed an online survey. This analysis is focused on participants’ responses to open-ended questions regarding responses they perceived to be supportive and unsupportive of their SGD identity/identities. Content analysis of participants’ open-ended survey responses was conducted using a combination of inductive and deductive coding. Six themes emerged for both supportive responses (communication, actions, acceptance, open-mindedness, unconditional love, and advocacy) and unsupportive responses (distancing, hostility, minimizing, controlling, blaming, and bumbling). For some themes, different sub-themes emerged based on identity. Parents/caregivers as well as other adults in the lives of SGD YA can implement specific responses to demonstrate support for sexual orientation and gender identity with the potential to improve the mental health of SGD YA.

探讨性取向和性别多元化的年轻人(SGD YA)在身份披露后，被照顾者和其他成年人认为支持或不支持性取向和性别认同的具体反应。SGD YA (N = 101)，年龄18 - 25岁(M = 21.2)主要为白人(83.1%)，非西班牙裔(89.1%)，出生时分配为女性(82.2%)。大多数(97.8%)是性多元化的(如酷儿、泛性恋、女同性恋、男同性恋、无性恋、双性恋)，一半(50%)是性别多元化的(如变性人、无性别者、性别酷儿、非二元)。参与者完成了一份在线调查。这个分析的重点是参与者对开放式问题的回答，这些问题是关于他们认为支持和不支持他们的SGD身份/身份的回答。采用归纳编码和演绎编码相结合的方法对参与者的开放式调查回答进行内容分析。支持性反应(沟通、行动、接受、开放、无条件的爱和倡导)和非支持性反应(疏远、敌意、最小化、控制、指责和装腔作势)出现了六个主题。对于一些主题，不同的子主题基于身份出现。家长/照顾者以及其他在新进青少年生活中的成年人可以实施具体的回应，以表明对性取向和性别认同的支持，并有可能改善新进青少年的心理健康。

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引用次数: 2

A Qualitative Exploration of How Transgender and Non-binary Adolescents Define and Identify Supports 跨性别和非二元青少年如何定义和识别支持的定性探索

IF 2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescent Research

Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1177/07435584221123123

Tanvi N. Shah, Katharine B. Parodi, Melissa K. Holt, J. G. Green, Sabra L. Katz-Wise, Aidan D. Kraus, Grace S. Kim, Yujie Ji

This qualitative study explored how 249 transgender and non-binary (TNB) adolescents (ages 14–18) described salient supports in their lives, and ways in which key social-ecological contexts could better support TNB adolescents’ wellbeing. Participants were recruited through social media, and completed online surveys; all study procedures were approved by the Boston University Institutional Review Board. Most (84.7%) participants identified as White, and as sexual minorities (96.4%). Modified consensual qualitative research (CQR-M) methods were used to examine TNB adolescents’ responses to two questions: “In your life, which people, if any, would you describe as most supportive, and why?” and “What can individuals/groups within families, schools, and communities do to best support the well-being of transgender and non-binary adolescents?” Results indicated that the most common source of support for TNB participants was peers, followed by family members. Participants also highlighted the centrality of supportive environments that offer access to resources, as well as support derived through policies and practices that reduce stigma. Collectively, results have implications for how individuals and systems can foster wellbeing among TNB adolescents.

这项定性研究探讨了249名跨性别和非二元（TNB）青少年（14-18岁）如何描述他们生活中的显著支持，以及关键的社会生态环境如何更好地支持TNB青少年的健康。参与者是通过社交媒体招募的，并完成了在线调查；所有研究程序均由波士顿大学机构审查委员会批准。大多数（84.7%）参与者被认定为白人，和性少数群体（96.4%）。使用改良的自愿定性研究（CQR-M）方法来检查TNB青少年对两个问题的反应：“在你的生活中，如果有人，你会描述哪些人最支持你，为什么？”“家庭、学校和社区中的个人/团体可以做些什么来最好地支持跨性别和非二元青少年的福祉？”结果表明，TNB参与者最常见的支持来源是同龄人，其次是家庭成员。与会者还强调了提供资源的支持性环境的中心地位，以及通过减少耻辱感的政策和做法获得的支持。总之，研究结果对个人和系统如何促进TNB青少年的幸福感具有启示意义。

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引用次数: 2

Digital Media as Sites for Cultural Identity Development: The Case of Hmong American Emerging Adults 数字媒体作为文化身份发展的场所——以苗族美国新兴成年人为例

IF 2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescent Research

Pub Date : 2022-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/07435584221116312

Jessica McKenzie

Although academic and popular interest in how digital media affect youth has exploded in recent years, research rarely addresses the roles of culture and cultural identity in youth digital media use. Especially conspicuous is the inattention to Asian Americans—the fastest growing racial or ethnic group in the United States. This study explores how 17 Hmong American emerging adults’ ( Mage = 21.94 years) digital media use shapes, and is shaped by, their cultural identity development. To construct a nuanced portrait, this study draws from multiple data sources: (a) participant framings of their digital media use in relation to their cultural identity during in-depth interviews, (b) the type of cultural content that a selection of participants posted on their social media profiles, and (c) participants’ ethnic identity scores (included to contextualize qualitative results). Inductive thematic analysis revealed that participants use digital media to explore and express their cultural identities, and to escape and reshape Hmong values. Results further revealed that participants’ digital media use elicits awareness of—and for some, assists in reconciling—tensions between Hmong and American values. Altogether, findings highlight the complex role of digital media in the cultural identity development of Hmong American youth.

尽管近年来学术界和大众对数字媒体如何影响青年的兴趣激增，但研究很少涉及文化和文化认同在青年数字媒体使用中的作用。尤其引人注目的是对亚裔美国人的忽视，亚裔美国人是美国发展最快的种族或族裔群体。这项研究探讨了17名苗族美国新兴成年人（法师 = 21.94 年）数字媒体的使用塑造了他们的文化认同发展，并由其塑造。为了构建一幅细致入微的画像，本研究从多个数据来源中提取：（a）参与者在深度采访中使用数字媒体与文化身份的关系，（b）一些参与者在社交媒体档案上发布的文化内容类型，以及（c）参与者的种族身份得分（包括定性结果的上下文）。归纳主题分析显示，参与者使用数字媒体来探索和表达他们的文化身份，并逃离和重塑苗族价值观。研究结果进一步表明，参与者对数字媒体的使用引发了人们对苗族和美国价值观之间紧张关系的认识，对一些人来说，这有助于调和这种紧张关系。总之，研究结果突出了数字媒体在苗族美国青年文化认同发展中的复杂作用。

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引用次数: 2

Age, Autonomy, and Authority of Knowledge: Discursive Constructions of Youth Decision-Making Capacity and Parental Support in Transgender Minors’ Accounts of Healthcare Access 年龄、自主与知识权威:跨性别未成年人医疗保健获取账户中青少年决策能力与父母支持的话语建构

IF 2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescent Research

Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.1177/07435584221115351

Alic G. Shook, D. Tordoff, April Clark, Robin Hardwick, Will St. Pierre Nelson, I. Kantrowitz-Gordon

While access to care is known to improve health outcomes for transgender youth, these youth often face challenges in accessing care related to decision-making capacity and the legal limitations regarding age of consent. In this study, we utilize discourse analytic methods to identify how notions of age, autonomy, and authority of knowledge influence transgender youths’ ability to make agentic decisions about their bodies and health, and better understand the power dynamics present in youths’ relations with parents and providers. We conducted 11 one-on-one interviews with transgender youth between the ages of 13 to 17 and one focus group with high school-age trans youth ( n = 8) in the Seattle-Tacoma area of Washington state. We identified two sets of discourses: (1) discourses of autonomy, which included self-determination, confidentiality, and authority of knowledge and (2) discourses of support, which included role ambiguity, trust/mistrust, and good and bad parents. Findings from this study highlight power dynamics present in trans youths’ relations with parents and providers.

虽然众所周知，获得护理可以改善跨性别青年的健康状况，但这些青年在获得与决策能力和同意年龄相关的法律限制有关的护理方面往往面临挑战。在这项研究中，我们利用话语分析方法来确定年龄、自主性和知识权威的概念如何影响跨性别青年对自己的身体和健康做出能动决定的能力，并更好地理解青年与父母和提供者关系中存在的权力动态。我们对13至17岁的跨性别青年进行了11次一对一访谈，并对一个重点小组对高中年龄跨性别青年（n = 8）位于华盛顿州西雅图-塔科马地区。我们确定了两组话语：（1）自主话语，包括自决、保密和知识权威；（2）支持话语，包括角色模糊、信任/不信任以及父母的好坏。这项研究的结果突出了跨性别青年与父母和提供者关系中存在的权力动态。

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引用次数: 4

“My Story Started When I was Younger. . .”: A Qualitative Analysis of Youth’s Differential Journeys Away From School “我的故事始于我年轻的时候……”：对青少年不同离校旅程的定性分析

IF 2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescent Research

Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.1177/07435584221115893

Jessica B. Koslouski, Anna Skubel, J. Zaff, Michelle V. Porche

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase youths’ risk for leaving high school before graduating. However, to our knowledge, no one has examined how youth themselves conceptualize the role of ACEs in their journeys away from school. In this exploratory qualitative study, we used narrative analysis to examine (1) whether youth (n = 27) described ACEs leading them away from school, (2) how early these trajectories began, from youth’s own perspectives, and (3) if this varied by elements of identity and social position. Focus groups were conducted with youth ages 18-25 from 13 communities across the U.S. We found that youth described their journeys away from school as starting with early ACEs. We also found that youths’ narratives reflected intersectional gender differences in the pathways away from school that youth described. Girls articulated how ACEs influenced subsequent non-academic priorities; they eventually left or were kicked out due to a lack of credits. Boys expressed that early ACEs were followed by risk behaviors, punishment, and dropout. Implications for healing-centered engagement across settings and targeted dropout prevention are discussed.

不良童年经历增加了年轻人在毕业前离开高中的风险。然而，据我们所知，没有人研究过年轻人自己是如何将ACE在他们离开学校的旅程中的作用概念化的。在这项探索性的定性研究中，我们使用叙事分析来检验（1）年轻人（n=27）是否描述了导致他们离开学校的ACE，（2）从年轻人自己的角度来看，这些轨迹是如何早期开始的，以及（3）这是否因身份和社会地位的因素而异。焦点小组对来自美国13个社区的18-25岁的年轻人进行了调查。我们发现，年轻人将他们离开学校的旅程描述为从早期ACE开始。我们还发现，年轻人的叙述反映了年轻人在离开学校的道路上的跨部门性别差异。女孩们阐述了ACE如何影响随后的非学术优先事项；他们最终要么离开，要么因为没有学分而被开除。男孩们表示，早期ACE之后是风险行为、惩罚和辍学。讨论了以治疗为中心的跨环境参与和有针对性的辍学预防的意义。

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引用次数: 0

Perceptions of School Life and Academic Success of Adolescents With Asthma 哮喘青少年对学校生活和学业成绩的认知

IF 2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescent Research

Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.1177/07435584221110632

Tali Schneider, Jennifer R. Wolgemuth, Kathy L. Bradley-Klug, C. Bryant, J. Ferron

Adolescents spend approximately one-third of their day at school. With the growing prevalence of adolescent asthma, 1 in every 10 adolescents copes with asthma throughout the day, including in the school environment. Yet, little is known about the school experiences of adolescent students with asthma. Guided by the social-ecological model, this study aimed to explore the links between asthma and school experiences in middle and high school as perceived by students with asthma. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 adolescents with asthma aged 12 to 17 who attended middle or high school around the mid-west area of Florida. Students shared insights on their school experiences and academic performance. Data were analyzed and interpreted using thematic analysis. Four overarching and intertwined themes shaped the school experiences of students with asthma: 1. Asthma control and management; 2. Social support; 3. Asthma knowledge and awareness; and 4. Accommodation of health and academic needs. Study findings suggest addressing the school disparities of adolescent students with asthma through a comprehensive, multi-level approach. Schools should create asthma education opportunities, improve the school system and environmental accommodations, enhance asthma control, and increase continuous social support by peers and school personnel.

青少年每天大约有三分之一的时间在学校度过。随着青少年哮喘患病率的不断上升，每10名青少年中就有1人整天都在应对哮喘，包括在学校环境中。然而，人们对青少年哮喘学生的学校经历知之甚少。在社会生态学模型的指导下，本研究旨在探索哮喘学生在中学和高中时所感知的哮喘与学校经历之间的联系。对20名12至17岁的哮喘青少年进行了深入访谈，这些青少年在佛罗里达州中西部地区上中学或高中。学生们分享了他们对学校经历和学习成绩的见解。使用专题分析对数据进行分析和解释。哮喘学生的学校经历主要由四个相互交织的主题构成：1。哮喘控制和管理；2.社会支持；3.哮喘知识和意识；和4。满足健康和学术需求。研究结果表明，通过全面、多层次的方法来解决青少年哮喘学生的学校差异。学校应创造哮喘教育机会，改善学校系统和环境，加强哮喘控制，并增加同龄人和学校工作人员的持续社会支持。

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引用次数: 1

Loneliness From the Adolescent Perspective: A Qualitative Analysis of Conversations About Loneliness Between Adolescents and Childline Counselors 青少年视角下的孤独感：青少年与儿童心理咨询师关于孤独感对话的定性分析

IF 2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescent Research

Pub Date : 2022-07-11 DOI: 10.1177/07435584221111121

L. Verity, Keming Yang, R. Nowland, A. Shankar, Michelle Turnbull, P. Qualter

There is limited qualitative research on the experience of loneliness in adolescence, meaning key facets of the loneliness experience that are important in adolescence may have been overlooked. The current study addresses that gap in the literature and explores how loneliness is experienced in the context of adolescence from the perspective of adolescents. About 67 online counseling conversations between Childline counselors and adolescents (ages 12–18 years; 70% females) who had contacted Childline to talk about loneliness were analyzed using Thematic Framework Analysis to establish commonalities and salient issues involved in adolescent experiences of loneliness. Young people considered loneliness to be an intense experience that negatively impacted their daily lives. Experiences of loneliness revolved around difficulties with peer relationships, but turmoil at home worsened those experiences. Young people often employed short-term coping strategies that distracted them from loneliness. Issues with trusting others and self-worth acted as barriers to seeking long-term help. Recommendations include (1) the training of teachers and parents to recognize and support young people experiencing loneliness and (2) further research to establish the coping strategies that are used by adolescents who successfully overcome loneliness.

关于青少年孤独经历的定性研究有限，这意味着在青少年中重要的孤独经历的关键方面可能被忽视了。目前的研究填补了文献中的空白，并从青少年的角度探讨了孤独是如何在青春期的背景下经历的。儿童热线咨询师与青少年(12-18岁;本研究采用主题框架分析的方法，对接触儿童热线谈论孤独的青少年进行分析，以确定青少年孤独经历的共性和突出问题。年轻人认为孤独是一种强烈的体验，会对他们的日常生活产生负面影响。孤独的经历围绕着同伴关系的困难，但家庭的动荡使这些经历恶化。年轻人通常采用短期应对策略来分散他们对孤独的注意力。信任他人和自我价值的问题成为寻求长期帮助的障碍。建议包括:(1)培训教师和家长认识和支持正在经历孤独的青少年;(2)进一步研究建立成功克服孤独的青少年所使用的应对策略。

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引用次数: 14