Youth & Society最新文献

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Learning From Home: Widening Rural-Urban Educational Inequality and High School Students’ Self-Control in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic and School Closure 在家学习：新冠肺炎疫情和停课期间中国城乡教育不平等的扩大与中学生的自我控制

IF 2 3区社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES

Youth & Society

Pub Date : 2022-12-03 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221138607

Gaoming Ma, Jiayu Zhang, L. Hong

Worldwide school closures and remote learning have been implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. These measures’ impact on young populations’ academic achievements is unclear. This study ( N = 1,736, ages 14–20 years, 53% female, and Chinese) analyzed academic examination scores for students at a high school in Eastern China between January and July 2020. Results showed that overall, students’ academic achievements appeared to be negatively affected amid a school closure. More importantly, students’ self-control was introduced as a moderating factor that partially accounted for this difference in the context of remote learning at home. These findings extended our understanding of school closures’ unequal impact on young populations. Education and social policies should respond to these challenges during times of crisis.

新冠肺炎大流行期间，全球范围内的学校关闭和远程学习已经实施。这些措施对年轻人学术成就的影响尚不清楚。本研究（N = 1736年，14至20岁年龄，53%为女性，中国人）分析了2020年1月至7月中国东部一所高中学生的学业考试成绩。结果显示，总体而言，在学校停课期间，学生的学业成绩似乎受到了负面影响。更重要的是，学生的自我控制被引入作为一个调节因素，这在一定程度上解释了在家远程学习中的这种差异。这些发现扩展了我们对学校关闭对年轻人不平等影响的理解。教育和社会政策应在危机时期应对这些挑战。

引用次数: 1

Post-Pregnancy Factors Predicting Teen Mothers' Educational Attainment by Age 30 in Two National Cohorts. 两个国家队列中预测30岁前青少年母亲教育程度的妊娠后因素

IF 2 3区社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES

Youth & Society

Pub Date : 2022-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.1177/0044118x211026941

Julie Maslowsky, Haley Stritzel, Elizabeth T Gershoff

Women who begin childbearing as teenagers attain lower levels of education than women who delay childbearing until age 20 and later. Little is known about post-pregnancy factors that predict educational attainment among teen mothers. The current study examined whether teen mothers' environment and experiences 2 years after their first birth contribute to their educational outcomes by age 30, net of selection factors associated with teenage childbearing. Data were from two cohorts, the National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth 1979 (N = 241) and 1997 (N = 378). Multinomial logistic regression modeling was used to assess associations of post-pregnancy factors with teen mothers' educational attainment. Having child care was associated with increased odds of attaining a high school diploma and of attending college in both cohorts. Providing regular and subsidized child care for teen mothers is an opportunity to support teen mothers in achieving higher levels of educational attainment.

青少年时期就开始生育的妇女比20岁以后才生育的妇女受教育程度低。人们对怀孕后影响青少年母亲受教育程度的因素知之甚少。目前的研究考察了青少年母亲在第一次生育后两年的环境和经历是否会影响她们到30岁时的教育成果，以及与青少年生育相关的选择因素。数据来自两个队列，1979年(N = 241)和1997年(N = 378)的全国青年纵向调查。采用多项逻辑回归模型评估怀孕后因素与青少年母亲受教育程度的关系。在这两个群体中，接受托儿服务与获得高中文凭和上大学的几率增加有关。为青少年母亲提供定期和有补贴的托儿服务是支持青少年母亲获得更高教育水平的一个机会。

引用次数: 0

The Relationship Between Financial Hardships and the Development of Risk-Taking Behaviors: The Protective Role of Extracurricular Activities 经济困难与冒险行为发展的关系:课外活动的保护作用

IF 2 3区社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES

Youth & Society

Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221127724

Alexander W. O’Donnell, G. Redmond, J. Skattebol, Jacqueline B. H. Allen, C. Thomson, C. MacDougall

Past research has demonstrated an association between financial hardships and risk-taking behaviors (defined as delinquent or transgressive acts). However, this effect may differ based upon the provision of protective spaces, like those offered in extracurricular activities. In the current study, we examined the longitudinal effect of financial hardships on risk-taking in a sample of Australian adolescents (N = 3,852). We found experiences of financial hardship at the age of 12/13 predicted higher risk-taking 2 years later. Further, a longitudinal indirect effect was observed, where financial hardships were associated with higher risk-taking 4 years later via increased exposure to risk-taking peers. Non-sporting activity participation (e.g., debating, dance) was found to offset the risks associated with experiencing financial hardships. Participation in sports was not significantly related to any of our outcomes. Our data highlights how the provision of non-sporting activities may improve behavioral outcomes, especially among more financially disadvantaged adolescents.

过去的研究表明，经济困难与冒险行为（定义为犯罪或违法行为）之间存在关联。然而，这种效果可能因提供保护空间而有所不同，比如课外活动中提供的保护空间。在目前的研究中，我们在一个澳大利亚青少年样本中检验了经济困难对冒险行为的纵向影响（N = 3852）。我们发现，12/13岁时的经济困难经历预示着更高的风险承担2 几年后。此外，观察到了纵向间接效应，其中财务困难与更高的风险承担有关4 几年后，通过增加与冒险同行的接触。非体育活动的参与（如辩论、舞蹈）被发现可以抵消与经历经济困难相关的风险。参与体育运动与我们的任何结果都没有显著关系。我们的数据强调了非体育活动的提供如何改善行为结果，尤其是在经济状况较差的青少年中。

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引用次数: 0

Social Interaction Anxiety and Problematic Smartphone Use Among Rural-Urban Adolescents in China: A Moderated Moderated-Mediation Model 中国城乡青少年社交焦虑与智能手机使用问题：一个适度-适度的中介模型

IF 2 3区社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES

Youth & Society

Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221126548

Yuanyuan Chen, Yongquan Huo

This study explored the relationship between social interaction anxiety (SIA) and problematic smartphone use (PSU) among Chinese adolescents. Further, the roles of online basic psychological needs satisfaction (online BPNS), nature connectedness (NC), and related differences between urban and rural adolescents were examined. We recruited 840 Chinese adolescents to complete a questionnaire. Results showed that online BPNS mediated the relationship between SIA and PSU after controlling for sex, age, duration of smartphone use, and rural-urban differences. NC moderated the mediating effect of online BPNS as a second-stage moderator, and the mediating effect was stronger for adolescents with lower NC. The indirect effect of SIA on PSU through online BPNS depended on NC. Our findings suggested that reducing SIA and online BPNS levels, enhancing connection with nature, and training adolescents (especially rural adolescents) on methods to seek social support and develop social abilities can effectively deal with PSU.

本研究探讨了中国青少年社交焦虑（SIA）与问题智能手机使用（PSU）之间的关系。此外，研究了城市和农村青少年在线基本心理需求满足（在线BPNS）、自然联系（NC）的作用以及相关差异。我们招募了840名中国青少年来完成问卷调查。结果显示，在控制了性别、年龄、智能手机使用时间和城乡差异后，在线BPNS介导了SIA和PSU之间的关系。NC作为第二阶段调节因子调节了在线BPNS的中介作用，并且这种中介作用在NC较低的青少年中更强。SIA通过在线BPNS对PSU的间接影响取决于NC。我们的研究结果表明，降低SIA和在线BPNS水平，增强与自然的联系，培训青少年（尤其是农村青少年）寻求社会支持和发展社会能力的方法可以有效地应对PSU。

引用次数: 2

Exposure to Aggressors at School and Cyberbullying Victimization 在学校接触攻击者和网络欺凌受害者

IF 2 3区社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES

Youth & Society

Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221122492

Brett Lehman

Scholars find that social dynamics in online environments help explain variation in cyberbullying victimization. The current study examines how students’ in-person activities at school shape the odds of cyberbullying victimization. This focus is motivated by opportunity theory, which emphasizes that victimization can be shaped by involvement in dangerous activities, exposure to potential aggressors, and the suitability of targets in the eyes of potential aggressors. Key aspects of the students’ in-school activities include involvement in fighting and participation in various extracurricular activities. These elements are analyzed using data from the 2013 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey based in the United States. Findings indicate opportunity theory is applicable to explaining cyberbullying victimization regarding exposure to aggressors via extracurricular activity participation at school.

学者们发现，网络环境中的社会动态有助于解释网络欺凌受害情况的变化。目前的研究考察了学生在学校的面对面活动如何影响网络欺凌受害的几率。这一关注源于机会理论，该理论强调，参与危险活动、接触潜在侵略者以及目标在潜在侵略者眼中的适合性可以形成受害。学生在校活动的关键方面包括参与战斗和参加各种课外活动。这些要素是使用美国国家犯罪受害调查2013年学校犯罪补充资料中的数据进行分析的。研究结果表明，机会理论适用于解释网络欺凌的受害情况，即通过在学校参加课外活动接触攻击者。

引用次数: 0

The Impact of COVID-19 Restrictions on Perceived Health and Wellbeing of Young Australian Sport and Physical Activity Participants COVID-19限制对澳大利亚年轻体育和体育活动参与者感知健康和福祉的影响

IF 2 3区社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES

Youth & Society

Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221122878

S. Elliott, R. Eime, Jack Harvey, M. Charity, M. Drummond, A. Pankowiak, H. Westerbeek

This study investigated the impact of Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) restrictions on perceived health and wellbeing of young Australian sport and physical activity participants. A survey was conducted during the first COVID-19 restrictions and lockdowns in Australia (May–June 2020). Health measures were tabulated against five respondent characteristics, including settings and modes of sport and physical activity, and comparisons made with chi-square tests. Findings indicate that male youth were significantly more likely to report better physical (p = .001), general (p = .014), and mental (p ≤ .001) health compared to female youth. Individuals involved in both team and individual sport reported significantly better general (p = .022) and physical health (p = .003) compared to those involved in individual only sports or physical activity. While it is unclear if this is dose-related, team-based sport may encourage increased time in physical activity (i.e., dose) or social interactions, or a combination of both factors, which potentially buffers against declining health outcomes due to pandemic restrictions.

本研究调查了2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)限制对澳大利亚年轻体育和体育活动参与者感知健康和福祉的影响。在澳大利亚首次COVID-19限制和封锁期间(2020年5月至6月)进行了一项调查。根据受访者的五个特征(包括运动和体育活动的环境和模式)将健康措施制成表格，并用卡方检验进行比较。研究结果表明，与女性青年相比，男性青年更有可能报告更好的身体(p = .001)、一般(p = .014)和精神(p≤.001)健康。与只参加个人运动或体育活动的人相比，参加团队和个人运动的人报告的总体健康(p = 0.022)和身体健康(p = 0.003)明显更好。虽然尚不清楚这是否与剂量有关，但以团队为基础的体育运动可能会鼓励增加体力活动(即剂量)或社交互动的时间，或两种因素的结合，这可能会缓冲由于大流行限制而导致的健康结果下降。

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引用次数: 0

The Effects of Cross-Age Peer Mentoring on Adolescent Mentors of Color Residing in Low Income, Urban Communities 跨年龄同伴辅导对低收入城市社区有色人种青少年导师的影响

IF 2 3区社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES

Youth & Society

Pub Date : 2022-09-12 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221115761

Dakari Quimby, M. Richards, O. Onyeka, Kevin Miller, Katherine Tyson-McCrea, Zoe Smith, Dreyce Denton

The current study seeks to understand the potential benefits of culturally matched cross-age peer mentoring for Black and Latinx adolescent mentors residing in low-income, urban communities. Data for the study were derived from a 4-year longitudinal project examining the effectiveness of community-based cross-age mentoring. Data from the current sample (N = 249, 60.6% female, M = 16.72 years) were analyzed using HLM. Findings indicated that the mentoring relationship bond rather than attendance predicted change on several positive outcomes. Adolescent mentors were found to experience improvements in several areas of positive youth development, ethnic identity, and GPA after the program was completed and at 9 to 12 months follow up. Researchers propose an adapted theoretical model of the impacts of youth cross-age mentoring in low-income communities of color. Findings from the current study offer key information on the value of facilitating empowering, person-focused services in concert with members of marginalized communities.

目前的研究旨在了解文化匹配的跨年龄同伴辅导对居住在低收入城市社区的黑人和拉丁裔青少年导师的潜在好处。该研究的数据来源于一个为期4年的纵向项目，该项目考察了基于社区的跨年龄辅导的有效性。来自当前样本的数据（N = 249，60.6%女性，M = 16.72 年）使用HLM进行分析。研究结果表明，辅导关系纽带而不是出勤率预测了几个积极结果的变化。研究发现，在该项目完成后，青少年导师在9至12岁时，在积极的青少年发展、种族认同和GPA的几个领域都有所改善随访数月。研究人员提出了一个适用于低收入有色人种社区青年跨年龄辅导影响的理论模型。目前的研究结果提供了关键信息，说明与边缘化社区成员合作促进赋权、以人为本的服务的价值。

引用次数: 0

IF 2 3区社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES

Youth & Society

Pub Date : 2022-08-17 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221116906

Wei Tong, Lihong Yang, Simeng Liu, Tingting Feng, Jichao Jia, Yuchi Zhang

Bullying is a goal-directed behavior that has long been in the spotlight of worldwide school mental health programs and research. However, the role of popularity goals in bullying and its potential mechanisms are unclear for adolescents in a non-Western cultural context. Based on 333 Chinese adolescents (52% female), the current study was the first to explore the potential moderating roles of popularity status and cognitive empathy in the association between popularity goals and early Chinese adolescents’ bullying behaviors. Moderated moderation analyses indicated that popularity status and cognitive empathy significantly moderated the positive relationship between popularity goals and Chinese adolescents’ bullying behaviors. Specifically, the statistically significant three-way interaction revealed that low popularity status and low cognitive empathy strengthen the positive links between popularity goals and bullying. The significant two-way interaction showed that the positive relations between popularity goals and bullying were stronger for low popularity among Chinese adolescents.

欺凌是一种目标导向的行为，长期以来一直是世界各地学校心理健康项目和研究的焦点。然而，在非西方文化背景下，受欢迎目标在欺凌中的作用及其潜在机制尚不清楚。本研究以333名中国青少年（52%为女性）为对象，首次探讨了受欢迎程度和认知移情在受欢迎目标与早期中国青少年欺凌行为之间的潜在调节作用。适度调节分析表明，受欢迎程度和认知移情显著调节了受欢迎目标与中国青少年欺凌行为的正相关关系。具体而言，具有统计学意义的三方互动表明，低人气状态和低认知移情强化了人气目标与欺凌之间的积极联系。显著的双向互动表明，在中国青少年中，受欢迎程度越低，受欢迎目标与欺凌之间的正相关关系越强。

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引用次数: 2

Relationships Among Romantic Myths, Tolerant Attitudes Toward Abuse, and Teen Dating Violence Victimization: The Moderator Role of Gender 浪漫神话、对虐待的容忍态度与青少年约会暴力受害的关系:性别的调节作用

IF 2 3区社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES

Youth & Society

Pub Date : 2022-08-17 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221119235

María-Jesús Cava, I. Castillo, S. Buelga, I. Tomás

The aim of this study was to analyze the direct and indirect relationships between romantic myths of love and teen dating violence victimization (physical and psychological), considering the mediating role of tolerant attitudes toward abuse and the moderator role of gender. A sample of 467 adolescents who had a dating relationship at that time or in the previous 12 months (45.6% boys, Mage = 15.09, SDage = 1.46) participated. Results showed that tolerant attitudes toward abuse was a significant mediating variable in the relationship between romantic myths and psychological dating violence victimization only in adolescent girls. Psychological dating violence victimization was also a mediating variable in the relationship between tolerant attitudes and physical dating violence victimization in adolescent girls. These findings highlight the relevance of tolerant attitudes toward abuse in understanding teen dating violence victimization, especially in adolescent girls, and the need to include these attitudes in prevention programs.

本研究的目的是分析爱情浪漫神话与青少年约会暴力受害（身体和心理）之间的直接和间接关系，考虑到对虐待的宽容态度的中介作用和性别的调节作用。467名当时或之前12年有约会关系的青少年的样本月（45.6%男孩，法师 = 15.09，SDage = 1.46）参与。结果表明，在浪漫神话与心理约会暴力受害之间的关系中，对虐待的宽容态度是一个重要的中介变量。心理约会暴力受害也是少女宽容态度与身体约会暴力受害之间关系的中介变量。这些发现强调了对虐待的宽容态度与理解青少年约会暴力受害的相关性，尤其是在青春期女孩中，以及将这些态度纳入预防计划的必要性。

引用次数: 0

Exploring Associations of Positive Relationships and Adolescent Well-Being Across Cultures 跨文化探索积极关系与青少年幸福感的关联

IF 2 3区社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES

Youth & Society

Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221109305

Kah Loong Chue, Amelia Yeo

A recurrent dimension occurring in wellbeing models pertains to positive relationships of individuals. Yet there is little information elucidating the link between positive relationships and subjective wellbeing in different cultures. Thus, the aims of this paper were (1) to examine whether there is an association between positive relationships and adolescent wellbeing across several culturally distinct countries and (2) explore whether the association between positive relationships and adolescent wellbeing differed for these countries along the cultural dimensions of individualism/collectivism and indulgence/restraint. Well-being measures were obtained from the large-scale assessment PISA 2018 and cultural dimensions indices were obtained. The results provide compelling evidence that positive relationships are positively associated with both affective and eudemonic wellbeing. Furthermore, there may be a greater association between positive relationships and positive affect in collectivist-indulgent countries than in collectivistic restraint countries. The study furthers our understanding of adolescent wellbeing across different cultural dimensions.

幸福感模型中出现的一个反复维度与个人的积极关系有关。然而，在不同文化中，很少有信息阐明积极关系与主观幸福感之间的联系。因此，本文的目的是：（1）研究几个文化不同国家的积极关系与青少年幸福感之间是否存在关联；（2）探讨这些国家的积极人际关系与青少年福祉之间的关联是否在个人主义/集体主义和放纵/克制的文化维度上有所不同。从PISA 2018的大规模评估中获得了幸福感指标，并获得了文化维度指数。研究结果提供了令人信服的证据，证明积极的关系与情感和幸福感都呈正相关。此外，与集体主义克制国家相比，集体主义放纵国家的积极关系和积极影响之间的联系可能更大。这项研究进一步加深了我们对不同文化维度青少年幸福感的理解。

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