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The Role of Future Orientation and Self-Mastery After Bullying Victimization: Associations With Depression 欺凌受害者后未来取向和自我控制的作用:与抑郁症的关联
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221088611
Karla J. Girón, Jennifer L. Doty
The high prevalence of bullying is accompanied by research suggesting that bullying victimization predicts depressive symptoms during late adolescence. However, the processes through which bullying may lead to depression are not fully understood. This study used structural equation modeling to examine future orientation and self-mastery in the relationship between bullying and depression. Researchers used three waves of data (N = 448; Mage = 14.83; 52% female) in the Youth Development Study. The indirect pathway from bullying victimization to depressive symptoms through self-mastery was significant, suggesting that self-mastery may mediate the relationship. Results demonstrate that bullying victimization has long-term effects on adolescents’ mental health, and self-mastery can serve as a potential target for intervention and prevention.
霸凌的高发伴随着研究表明霸凌受害预示着青春期后期的抑郁症状。然而,欺凌可能导致抑郁的过程尚不完全清楚。本研究采用结构方程模型探讨霸凌与抑郁之间的未来取向和自我控制关系。研究人员使用了三波数据(N = 448;法师= 14.83;52%为女性)。从欺凌受害到抑郁症状通过自我控制的间接途径显著,表明自我控制可能起到中介作用。结果表明,欺凌受害对青少年心理健康具有长期影响,自我控制可以作为干预和预防的潜在目标。
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引用次数: 2
Young Adults’ Distress About Police Brutality Following the Death of George Floyd 乔治·弗洛伊德死后年轻人对警察暴行的担忧
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221087282
Lauren C. Howard, Evan A. Krueger, Joshua Barker, T. Boley Cruz, S. Cwalina, J. Unger, J. Barrington-Trimis, A. Leventhal
Following the homicide of George Floyd on May 25, 2020, young adults participated widely in national protests against racism and police brutality. This study examined temporal trends and correlates of self-reported distress about police brutality from May 18 to August 3, 2020 among a cohort of young adults (ages 19–22; N = 2,080) from Los Angeles, CA. Bivariate and adjusted linear regression models estimated the association between survey completion date and distress about police brutality. Distress about police brutality increased substantially in the 2-weeks after Floyd’s death (43% increase over baseline), but gradually declined over the ensuing 8 weeks to a 19% increase over baseline. Results suggest that police violence is contributing to stress and worry among young adults.
2020年5月25日,乔治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)被杀后,年轻人广泛参加了反对种族主义和警察暴行的全国性抗议活动。本研究调查了2020年5月18日至8月3日期间一群年轻人(19-22岁;N = 2080),来自加州洛杉矶。双变量和调整后的线性回归模型估计了调查完成日期与对警察暴行的痛苦之间的关联。在弗洛伊德死亡后的两周内,对警察暴行的焦虑情绪大幅增加(比基线增加43%),但在随后的8周内逐渐下降,比基线增加19%。研究结果表明,警察暴力正在造成年轻人的压力和担忧。
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引用次数: 5
Measuring Intrapersonal Psychological Empowerment and Ethnic Identity: Highlighting Strengths of Urban Black Girls. 衡量个人内在心理赋权和种族认同:突出城市黑人女孩的优势。
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-05-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X20970226
Ijeoma Opara, David T Lardier, Pauline Garcia-Reid, Robert J Reid

Limited research has examined intrapersonal psychological empowerment (PE) among Black girls solely. This study aims to fill a gap in empowerment literature by examining the factor structure of the Sociopolitical Control Scale for Youth (SPCS-Y) among Black girls (N = 377) between the ages of 14-17 years old. We also examine the association with ethnic identity as a conceptually related variable. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the factorial validity of the abbreviated, eight-item SPCS-Y among Black girls. Results support the two-dimensional factor structure of the abbreviated SPCS-Y among Black girls, as well as the association intrapersonal PE has with ethnic identity. Findings provide preliminary support for the empirical and theoretical relationship between intrapersonal PE and ethnic identity among Black girls.

有关黑人女孩个人心理赋权(PE)的研究十分有限。本研究旨在通过研究 14-17 岁黑人女孩(人数=377)的青少年社会政治控制量表(SPCS-Y)的因子结构,填补赋权文献的空白。我们还研究了与种族身份这一概念相关变量的关联。我们使用结构方程模型(SEM)来检验黑人女孩中缩写的、包含八个项目的 SPCS-Y 的因子有效性。结果支持黑人女孩 SPCS-Y 简写的二维因子结构,以及人际体育与种族认同之间的关联。研究结果初步支持了黑人女孩的人际体育与种族认同之间的经验和理论关系。
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引用次数: 0
Feeling Invisible and Unheard: A Qualitative Exploration of Gendered-Racist Stereotypes Influence on Sexual Decision Making and Mistreatment of Black Teen Girls. 感觉被忽视和未被倾听:性别种族主义刻板印象对黑人少女性决策和虐待的影响的定性探索。
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-05-01 Epub Date: 2022-02-15 DOI: 10.1177/0044118x221075051
Ijeoma Opara, Veronica Weser, Brandon Sands, Claudia-Santi F Fernandes, Sydney Hussett-Richardson, Kimberly Hieftje

Gendered racism can impact how Black teen girls perceive themselves in relation to the world and influence their behaviors. This form of discrimination tends to manifest in stereotypes that promote the victimization and mistreatment of Black teen girls. This qualitative study, using Black feminist thought through a Black Girlhood lens as a guiding framework, aims to understand how Black teen girls are affected by gendered-racist stereotypes and how these stereotypes impact sexual decision making among this group. Using a sample of (N = 27) Black teen girls, three major themes arose: (1) experiencing the effects of racist-sexist stereotypes, (2) feeling powerless and invisible due to stereotypes, and (3) navigating the pressure to have sex due to stereotypes. Implications for this study include incorporating elements of Black Feminist Thought through a Black girlhood lens within prevention programing while also providing Black teen girls with the tools to challenge negative stereotypes with support from adult allies in school and family settings.

性别种族主义会影响黑人少女如何看待自己与世界的关系,并影响她们的行为。这种形式的歧视往往表现在刻板印象中,助长了对黑人少女的伤害和虐待。这项定性研究以黑人女孩视角下的黑人女权主义思想为指导框架,旨在了解黑人少女如何受到性别种族主义刻板印象的影响,以及这些刻板印象如何影响这一群体的性决策。使用(N=27)名黑人少女的样本,产生了三个主要主题:(1)经历种族主义性别歧视刻板印象的影响,(2)由于刻板印象而感到无能为力和隐形,以及(3)克服刻板印象导致的性压力。这项研究的意义包括通过黑人少女时代的视角将黑人女权主义思想的元素纳入预防计划,同时在学校和家庭环境中的成年盟友的支持下,为黑人少女提供挑战负面刻板印象的工具。
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引用次数: 7
“You Selling?”: Snack Sales and the Construction of Deviance in a High School “你卖吗?:一所高中零食销售与越轨行为的建构
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221082980
Karlyn J. Gorski
Youths’ affinity for snack foods is well-documented; in various contexts, they sell chips, candy, and other goods. Adults may frame such sales as either entrepreneurial or deviant, which can contribute to positive youth development (on one hand) or cycles of disengagement and criminalization (on the other). Drawing on ethnographic and interview data from Hamilton High School, I show how adults’ criminalization of snack sales led the activity to more closely resemble that which they feared: drug sales. Snack sales constitute one way in which youth exercise agency in the face of broad institutional control, leading some to challenge the legitimacy of the school overall. These findings represent a case of how youth experience “criminalized childhoods” in a school context.
年轻人对零食的喜爱是有据可查的;在各种情况下,他们出售薯片、糖果和其他商品。成年人可能会将这种销售定义为创业或离经叛道,这可能有助于青年的积极发展(一方面)或脱离接触和定罪的循环(另一方面)。根据汉密尔顿高中的人种学和采访数据,我展示了成年人对零食销售的刑事定罪是如何导致这种活动与他们担心的更为相似:毒品销售。零食销售构成了青少年锻炼机构在面对广泛的机构控制时的一种方式,导致一些人挑战学校整体的合法性。这些发现代表了青少年在学校环境中如何经历“被定罪的童年”的一个案例。
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引用次数: 0
Can’t You See I’m Getting Bored? The Social Context as a Moderator of Adolescent Leisure Boredom and Alcohol Use 难道你看不出我很无聊吗?社会背景对青少年休闲无聊和酒精使用的调节作用
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221081152
E. Weybright, Jonathon J. Beckmeyer, L. Caldwell, L. Wegner, Erica L. Doering, E. Smith
The current study sought to better understand how leisure boredom is associated with alcohol use and how peer factors moderated the relationship between state and trait leisure boredom and past month alcohol use. The 2004 to 2008 multi-cohort study sample included 3,837 high school students (50% female; 91% mixed race; Mage = 14 years; SD = .83) in the Cape Town area of South Africa. Results of generalized multilevel models found peer factors (time spent with peers, injunctive friend norms, descriptive peer norms) and trait, but not state, leisure boredom significantly predicted past month alcohol use. Findings can inform alcohol prevention efforts and suggest both peer factors and trait leisure boredom are worthy targets for intervention. Specifically, supporting adolescents to effectively navigate experiences of leisure boredom may, in turn, reduce alcohol use.
目前的研究试图更好地理解休闲无聊与饮酒之间的关系,以及同伴因素如何调节状态和特质休闲无聊与过去一个月饮酒之间的关系。2004年至2008年的多队列研究样本包括3837名高中生(50%为女生;91%是混血儿;法师= 14岁;SD = .83)。广义多层模型的结果发现同伴因素(与同伴相处的时间、禁令性朋友规范、描述性同伴规范)和特质(而不是状态)、休闲无聊显著地预测过去一个月的酒精使用情况。研究结果可以为酒精预防工作提供信息,并表明同伴因素和特质休闲无聊都是值得干预的目标。具体来说,支持青少年有效地应对休闲无聊的体验,反过来可能会减少酒精的使用。
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引用次数: 1
Linking Teacher Injustice, Conscientiousness, and Academic Dishonesty via Classroom Connectedness: A Moderated-Mediation Model 教师不公正、尽责性和学术不诚实通过课堂联系:一个有调节的中介模型
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221082974
Syed Harris Laeeque, M. Saeed
This study extends the general understanding of the antecedents of academic dishonesty by examining what can happen when students are treated unjustly by teachers, a phenomenon referred to as teacher injustice. Based on Conservation of Resources theory (CoRT), the study investigates the mediating role of classroom connectedness and the moderating role of trait conscientiousness in the teacher injustice–academic dishonesty relationship. Self-report data were collected in three waves from Pakistani secondary school students to test the moderated-mediation model. Findings demonstrate that teacher injustice is positively related to academic dishonesty through classroom connectedness and that conscientiousness buffers the negative effects of teacher injustice on classroom connectedness. Given the results, this study suggests certain potentially effective measures to educational institutions to control the incidence of teacher injustice and cultivate conscientiousness in students. It also hopes to inspire future research, and advance education management theory and practice.
本研究通过研究当学生受到教师不公正的对待(这种现象被称为教师不公正)时会发生什么,扩展了对学术不诚实的前因的一般理解。基于资源守恒理论,本研究探讨了课堂连通性在教师不公正-学业不诚实关系中的中介作用和特质尽责性的调节作用。本研究分三波收集巴基斯坦中学生的自我报告数据,以检验有调节的中介模型。研究结果表明,教师不公正通过课堂联系与学术不诚实正相关,尽责性缓冲了教师不公正对课堂联系的负面影响。鉴于研究结果,本研究建议教育机构采取一些可能有效的措施来控制教师不公正的发生率,培养学生的责任心。并希望对今后的研究有所启发,推动教育管理理论与实践的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Do Gender-Based Pathways Influence Mental Health? Examining the Linkages Between Early Child Marriage, Intimate Partner Violence, and Psychological Well-being among Young Ethiopian Women (18–24 years Old) 基于性别的途径会影响心理健康吗?研究埃塞俄比亚年轻妇女的早婚、亲密伴侣暴力和心理健康之间的联系(18-24 年)
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221079375
N. John, C. Kapungu, Meroji Sebany, Seifu Tadesse
Limited emphasis is placed on understanding the gendered pathways that influence mental health, especially long-term cumulative impacts of gender-based inequalities. Exposure to early child marriage (marriage by age 15) may exaggerate exposure to gender-based mental health risk-factors, providing an opportunity to understand the multi-layered gendered pathways that impact mental health overtime. We used nationally representative cross-sectional data from Ethiopia to examine the relationship between early child marriage and psychological well-being and assessed if intimate partner violence mediates this relationship among young women. We implemented three separate multivariate regression models to assess these relationships. Our results suggest that the relationship between early child marriage and psychological well-being is influenced by higher levels of violence experienced by women in early child marriages as compared to their counterparts who married later. Investments in longitudinal data are needed to rigorously parse out the relationship between early child marriage, intimate partner violence, and psychological well-being.
对理解影响心理健康的性别途径,特别是基于性别的不平等的长期累积影响的重视有限。接触早婚(15岁前结婚)可能会夸大对基于性别的心理健康风险因素的接触,这为了解长期影响心理健康的多层次性别途径提供了机会。我们使用来自埃塞俄比亚的具有全国代表性的横断面数据来检验早婚与心理健康之间的关系,并评估亲密伴侣暴力是否在年轻女性中调解这种关系。我们实施了三个独立的多元回归模型来评估这些关系。我们的研究结果表明,与晚婚妇女相比,早婚妇女遭受的暴力程度更高,这影响了早婚与心理健康之间的关系。需要对纵向数据进行投资,以严格分析童婚、亲密伴侣暴力和心理健康之间的关系。
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引用次数: 3
Why are Some Victims Also Bullies? The Role of Peer Relationship Management and Anger Regulation in Traditional Bullying 为什么有些受害者也是恶霸?同伴关系管理与愤怒调节在传统欺凌中的作用
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221077712
Esperanza Espino, A. Guarini, Laura Menabò, Rosario Del Rey
There is ample evidence of bullying victimization-perpetration association. However, little is known about the role of socioemotional variables in reinforcing or mitigating it. There is a need to delve deeper into what victims feel and do that leads them to bully. This study aimed to analyze the moderating role of peer relationship management and anger regulation in the victimization-perpetration association, controlling gender and age. This cross-sectional study involved 874 Spanish middle school students (47.8% girls) aged 11 to 18 years (M = 13.92, SD = 1.45). The results revealed that the perpetration was positively related to victimization and negatively related to peer relationship management and anger regulation. In addition, peer relationship management can moderate the victimization-perpetration association, acting as a protective factor, when the ability of victims to regulate anger is sufficiently trained. These findings highlight the importance of designing effective prevention based on socio-emotional development to fully curb bullying.
有充分的证据表明,欺凌受害者与犯罪者之间存在关联。然而,人们对社会情绪变量在加强或减轻它方面的作用知之甚少。有必要深入研究受害者的感受和行为,从而导致他们欺凌。本研究旨在分析同伴关系管理和愤怒调节在性别和年龄控制下对受害-加害人关联的调节作用。本横断面研究涉及874名11至18岁的西班牙中学生(47.8%为女生)(M = 13.92, SD = 1.45)。结果显示,行凶行为与受害行为正相关,与同伴关系管理和愤怒调节负相关。此外,当受害者调节愤怒的能力得到充分训练时,同伴关系管理可以作为一种保护因素,调节受害者-加害人的关联。这些发现强调了设计基于社会情感发展的有效预防措施以充分遏制欺凌行为的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Ecosystemic and Situational Determinants in the Onset of Youth-Perpetrated Sexual Offending 青少年性犯罪发生的生态系统和情境决定因素
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221079658
T. Molnár, John Rynne, T. Allard, Nadine McKillop
This study examined specific circumstances precipitating onset sexual offenses in a sample of 278 Australian male youth who have sexually harmed. Offense narratives—a description of how the onset offense was initiated, interactions and behavior that took place leading up to, and during, the offense, and how the offense ended—were qualitatively coded to identify how the sexual offense incidents manifested, particularly the motivations that interacted with opportunities to engage in sexual offending behavior for the first time. Three overarching themes emerged: sexual curiosity and/or gratification in the context of usual activities, broader non-sexual offending behavior that resulted in an opportunistic encounter with the victim, and peer-related influences in the manifestation of sexual offending. The findings highlight the importance of ecosystemic and situational factors in the commission of youth-perpetrated sexual offending which could be addressed to prevent sexual violence.
这项研究调查了278名遭受过性伤害的澳大利亚男性青年样本中诱发性犯罪的具体情况。犯罪叙述——描述犯罪是如何开始的,在犯罪之前和期间发生的互动和行为,以及犯罪是如何结束的——被定性地编码,以确定性犯罪事件是如何表现的,特别是与第一次进行性侵犯行为的机会相互作用的动机。三个主要主题出现了:在日常活动背景下的性好奇和/或性满足,导致与受害者偶遇的更广泛的非性侵犯行为,以及性侵犯表现中的同伴相关影响。研究结果强调了生态系统和情境因素在青少年性犯罪中的重要性,可以解决这些问题以防止性暴力。
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引用次数: 0
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Youth & Society
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