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Feeling Invisible and Unheard: A Qualitative Exploration of Gendered-Racist Stereotypes Influence on Sexual Decision Making and Mistreatment of Black Teen Girls. 感觉被忽视和未被倾听:性别种族主义刻板印象对黑人少女性决策和虐待的影响的定性探索。
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-05-01 Epub Date: 2022-02-15 DOI: 10.1177/0044118x221075051
Ijeoma Opara, Veronica Weser, Brandon Sands, Claudia-Santi F Fernandes, Sydney Hussett-Richardson, Kimberly Hieftje

Gendered racism can impact how Black teen girls perceive themselves in relation to the world and influence their behaviors. This form of discrimination tends to manifest in stereotypes that promote the victimization and mistreatment of Black teen girls. This qualitative study, using Black feminist thought through a Black Girlhood lens as a guiding framework, aims to understand how Black teen girls are affected by gendered-racist stereotypes and how these stereotypes impact sexual decision making among this group. Using a sample of (N = 27) Black teen girls, three major themes arose: (1) experiencing the effects of racist-sexist stereotypes, (2) feeling powerless and invisible due to stereotypes, and (3) navigating the pressure to have sex due to stereotypes. Implications for this study include incorporating elements of Black Feminist Thought through a Black girlhood lens within prevention programing while also providing Black teen girls with the tools to challenge negative stereotypes with support from adult allies in school and family settings.

性别种族主义会影响黑人少女如何看待自己与世界的关系,并影响她们的行为。这种形式的歧视往往表现在刻板印象中,助长了对黑人少女的伤害和虐待。这项定性研究以黑人女孩视角下的黑人女权主义思想为指导框架,旨在了解黑人少女如何受到性别种族主义刻板印象的影响,以及这些刻板印象如何影响这一群体的性决策。使用(N=27)名黑人少女的样本,产生了三个主要主题:(1)经历种族主义性别歧视刻板印象的影响,(2)由于刻板印象而感到无能为力和隐形,以及(3)克服刻板印象导致的性压力。这项研究的意义包括通过黑人少女时代的视角将黑人女权主义思想的元素纳入预防计划,同时在学校和家庭环境中的成年盟友的支持下,为黑人少女提供挑战负面刻板印象的工具。
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引用次数: 7
“You Selling?”: Snack Sales and the Construction of Deviance in a High School “你卖吗?:一所高中零食销售与越轨行为的建构
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221082980
Karlyn J. Gorski
Youths’ affinity for snack foods is well-documented; in various contexts, they sell chips, candy, and other goods. Adults may frame such sales as either entrepreneurial or deviant, which can contribute to positive youth development (on one hand) or cycles of disengagement and criminalization (on the other). Drawing on ethnographic and interview data from Hamilton High School, I show how adults’ criminalization of snack sales led the activity to more closely resemble that which they feared: drug sales. Snack sales constitute one way in which youth exercise agency in the face of broad institutional control, leading some to challenge the legitimacy of the school overall. These findings represent a case of how youth experience “criminalized childhoods” in a school context.
年轻人对零食的喜爱是有据可查的;在各种情况下,他们出售薯片、糖果和其他商品。成年人可能会将这种销售定义为创业或离经叛道,这可能有助于青年的积极发展(一方面)或脱离接触和定罪的循环(另一方面)。根据汉密尔顿高中的人种学和采访数据,我展示了成年人对零食销售的刑事定罪是如何导致这种活动与他们担心的更为相似:毒品销售。零食销售构成了青少年锻炼机构在面对广泛的机构控制时的一种方式,导致一些人挑战学校整体的合法性。这些发现代表了青少年在学校环境中如何经历“被定罪的童年”的一个案例。
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引用次数: 0
Can’t You See I’m Getting Bored? The Social Context as a Moderator of Adolescent Leisure Boredom and Alcohol Use 难道你看不出我很无聊吗?社会背景对青少年休闲无聊和酒精使用的调节作用
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221081152
E. Weybright, Jonathon J. Beckmeyer, L. Caldwell, L. Wegner, Erica L. Doering, E. Smith
The current study sought to better understand how leisure boredom is associated with alcohol use and how peer factors moderated the relationship between state and trait leisure boredom and past month alcohol use. The 2004 to 2008 multi-cohort study sample included 3,837 high school students (50% female; 91% mixed race; Mage = 14 years; SD = .83) in the Cape Town area of South Africa. Results of generalized multilevel models found peer factors (time spent with peers, injunctive friend norms, descriptive peer norms) and trait, but not state, leisure boredom significantly predicted past month alcohol use. Findings can inform alcohol prevention efforts and suggest both peer factors and trait leisure boredom are worthy targets for intervention. Specifically, supporting adolescents to effectively navigate experiences of leisure boredom may, in turn, reduce alcohol use.
目前的研究试图更好地理解休闲无聊与饮酒之间的关系,以及同伴因素如何调节状态和特质休闲无聊与过去一个月饮酒之间的关系。2004年至2008年的多队列研究样本包括3837名高中生(50%为女生;91%是混血儿;法师= 14岁;SD = .83)。广义多层模型的结果发现同伴因素(与同伴相处的时间、禁令性朋友规范、描述性同伴规范)和特质(而不是状态)、休闲无聊显著地预测过去一个月的酒精使用情况。研究结果可以为酒精预防工作提供信息,并表明同伴因素和特质休闲无聊都是值得干预的目标。具体来说,支持青少年有效地应对休闲无聊的体验,反过来可能会减少酒精的使用。
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引用次数: 1
Linking Teacher Injustice, Conscientiousness, and Academic Dishonesty via Classroom Connectedness: A Moderated-Mediation Model 教师不公正、尽责性和学术不诚实通过课堂联系:一个有调节的中介模型
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221082974
Syed Harris Laeeque, M. Saeed
This study extends the general understanding of the antecedents of academic dishonesty by examining what can happen when students are treated unjustly by teachers, a phenomenon referred to as teacher injustice. Based on Conservation of Resources theory (CoRT), the study investigates the mediating role of classroom connectedness and the moderating role of trait conscientiousness in the teacher injustice–academic dishonesty relationship. Self-report data were collected in three waves from Pakistani secondary school students to test the moderated-mediation model. Findings demonstrate that teacher injustice is positively related to academic dishonesty through classroom connectedness and that conscientiousness buffers the negative effects of teacher injustice on classroom connectedness. Given the results, this study suggests certain potentially effective measures to educational institutions to control the incidence of teacher injustice and cultivate conscientiousness in students. It also hopes to inspire future research, and advance education management theory and practice.
本研究通过研究当学生受到教师不公正的对待(这种现象被称为教师不公正)时会发生什么,扩展了对学术不诚实的前因的一般理解。基于资源守恒理论,本研究探讨了课堂连通性在教师不公正-学业不诚实关系中的中介作用和特质尽责性的调节作用。本研究分三波收集巴基斯坦中学生的自我报告数据,以检验有调节的中介模型。研究结果表明,教师不公正通过课堂联系与学术不诚实正相关,尽责性缓冲了教师不公正对课堂联系的负面影响。鉴于研究结果,本研究建议教育机构采取一些可能有效的措施来控制教师不公正的发生率,培养学生的责任心。并希望对今后的研究有所启发,推动教育管理理论与实践的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Do Gender-Based Pathways Influence Mental Health? Examining the Linkages Between Early Child Marriage, Intimate Partner Violence, and Psychological Well-being among Young Ethiopian Women (18–24 years Old) 基于性别的途径会影响心理健康吗?研究埃塞俄比亚年轻妇女的早婚、亲密伴侣暴力和心理健康之间的联系(18-24 年)
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221079375
N. John, C. Kapungu, Meroji Sebany, Seifu Tadesse
Limited emphasis is placed on understanding the gendered pathways that influence mental health, especially long-term cumulative impacts of gender-based inequalities. Exposure to early child marriage (marriage by age 15) may exaggerate exposure to gender-based mental health risk-factors, providing an opportunity to understand the multi-layered gendered pathways that impact mental health overtime. We used nationally representative cross-sectional data from Ethiopia to examine the relationship between early child marriage and psychological well-being and assessed if intimate partner violence mediates this relationship among young women. We implemented three separate multivariate regression models to assess these relationships. Our results suggest that the relationship between early child marriage and psychological well-being is influenced by higher levels of violence experienced by women in early child marriages as compared to their counterparts who married later. Investments in longitudinal data are needed to rigorously parse out the relationship between early child marriage, intimate partner violence, and psychological well-being.
对理解影响心理健康的性别途径,特别是基于性别的不平等的长期累积影响的重视有限。接触早婚(15岁前结婚)可能会夸大对基于性别的心理健康风险因素的接触,这为了解长期影响心理健康的多层次性别途径提供了机会。我们使用来自埃塞俄比亚的具有全国代表性的横断面数据来检验早婚与心理健康之间的关系,并评估亲密伴侣暴力是否在年轻女性中调解这种关系。我们实施了三个独立的多元回归模型来评估这些关系。我们的研究结果表明,与晚婚妇女相比,早婚妇女遭受的暴力程度更高,这影响了早婚与心理健康之间的关系。需要对纵向数据进行投资,以严格分析童婚、亲密伴侣暴力和心理健康之间的关系。
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引用次数: 3
Why are Some Victims Also Bullies? The Role of Peer Relationship Management and Anger Regulation in Traditional Bullying 为什么有些受害者也是恶霸?同伴关系管理与愤怒调节在传统欺凌中的作用
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221077712
Esperanza Espino, A. Guarini, Laura Menabò, Rosario Del Rey
There is ample evidence of bullying victimization-perpetration association. However, little is known about the role of socioemotional variables in reinforcing or mitigating it. There is a need to delve deeper into what victims feel and do that leads them to bully. This study aimed to analyze the moderating role of peer relationship management and anger regulation in the victimization-perpetration association, controlling gender and age. This cross-sectional study involved 874 Spanish middle school students (47.8% girls) aged 11 to 18 years (M = 13.92, SD = 1.45). The results revealed that the perpetration was positively related to victimization and negatively related to peer relationship management and anger regulation. In addition, peer relationship management can moderate the victimization-perpetration association, acting as a protective factor, when the ability of victims to regulate anger is sufficiently trained. These findings highlight the importance of designing effective prevention based on socio-emotional development to fully curb bullying.
有充分的证据表明,欺凌受害者与犯罪者之间存在关联。然而,人们对社会情绪变量在加强或减轻它方面的作用知之甚少。有必要深入研究受害者的感受和行为,从而导致他们欺凌。本研究旨在分析同伴关系管理和愤怒调节在性别和年龄控制下对受害-加害人关联的调节作用。本横断面研究涉及874名11至18岁的西班牙中学生(47.8%为女生)(M = 13.92, SD = 1.45)。结果显示,行凶行为与受害行为正相关,与同伴关系管理和愤怒调节负相关。此外,当受害者调节愤怒的能力得到充分训练时,同伴关系管理可以作为一种保护因素,调节受害者-加害人的关联。这些发现强调了设计基于社会情感发展的有效预防措施以充分遏制欺凌行为的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Ecosystemic and Situational Determinants in the Onset of Youth-Perpetrated Sexual Offending 青少年性犯罪发生的生态系统和情境决定因素
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221079658
T. Molnár, John Rynne, T. Allard, Nadine McKillop
This study examined specific circumstances precipitating onset sexual offenses in a sample of 278 Australian male youth who have sexually harmed. Offense narratives—a description of how the onset offense was initiated, interactions and behavior that took place leading up to, and during, the offense, and how the offense ended—were qualitatively coded to identify how the sexual offense incidents manifested, particularly the motivations that interacted with opportunities to engage in sexual offending behavior for the first time. Three overarching themes emerged: sexual curiosity and/or gratification in the context of usual activities, broader non-sexual offending behavior that resulted in an opportunistic encounter with the victim, and peer-related influences in the manifestation of sexual offending. The findings highlight the importance of ecosystemic and situational factors in the commission of youth-perpetrated sexual offending which could be addressed to prevent sexual violence.
这项研究调查了278名遭受过性伤害的澳大利亚男性青年样本中诱发性犯罪的具体情况。犯罪叙述——描述犯罪是如何开始的,在犯罪之前和期间发生的互动和行为,以及犯罪是如何结束的——被定性地编码,以确定性犯罪事件是如何表现的,特别是与第一次进行性侵犯行为的机会相互作用的动机。三个主要主题出现了:在日常活动背景下的性好奇和/或性满足,导致与受害者偶遇的更广泛的非性侵犯行为,以及性侵犯表现中的同伴相关影响。研究结果强调了生态系统和情境因素在青少年性犯罪中的重要性,可以解决这些问题以防止性暴力。
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引用次数: 0
Self-Isolation and Adolescents’ Friendship Quality: Moderation of Technology Use for Friendship Maintenance 自我隔离与青少年友谊质量:技术使用对友谊维持的调节作用
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-07 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221080484
Michelle F. Wright, Sebastian Wachs
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the moderating effect of technology use for friendship maintenance in the associations between self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic and friendship quality, measured 6 months later (Time 2). Participants were 1,567 seventh and eighth graders (51% female; 51% white; Mage = 13.47) from the United States. They completed questionnaires on friendship quality at Time 1, and self-isolation during COVID-19 and technology use for friendship maintenance and friendship quality at Time 2. The findings revealed that self-isolation during COVID-19 was related positively to technology use for friendship maintenance and negatively to Time 2 friendship quality. Higher technology use for friendship maintenance buffered against the negative impacts on friendship quality associated with self-isolation during COVID-19, while lower technology use had the opposite effects on Time 2 friendship quality.
本研究的目的是调查6个月后测量的COVID-19大流行期间自我隔离与友谊质量之间的关系中技术使用对友谊维持的调节作用(时间2)。参与者是1567名七年级和八年级学生(51%为女性;51%的白人;法师= 13.47)来自美国。他们完成了时间1的友谊质量问卷、新冠肺炎期间的自我隔离问卷和时间2的友谊维护和友谊质量技术使用问卷。研究结果显示,在COVID-19期间,自我隔离与维护友谊的技术使用呈正相关,与Time 2友谊质量负相关。在COVID-19期间,较高的技术使用可以缓解与自我隔离相关的友谊质量的负面影响,而较低的技术使用对时间2友谊质量的影响相反。
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引用次数: 2
Staying Safe or Staying Popular? Popularity and Reputation Concerns Predict Adherence and Adjustment During the COVID-19 pandemic 保持安全还是保持受欢迎?受欢迎程度和声誉问题预测新冠肺炎大流行期间的遵守和调整
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-03-06 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221074383
Wendy E. Ellis, Tara M. Dumas, L. Hutchinson, Sarah Talebi
Adherence to COVID-19 social distancing restrictions may be challenging for adolescents, especially those concerned about social status. This study examined self-perceived popularity and reputation concerns as predictors of adherence to health guidelines and the effects of self-perceived popularity on adjustment. Adolescents (n = 1,068, 14–18 years at Time 1, Mage = 16.86 years) completed three self-report surveys across 10 months during the COVID-19 pandemic. Consistent with hypotheses, greater self-perceived popularity and concerns about peer reputation predicted less adherence, controlling for COVID-19 threat. Further, greater self-perceived popularity predicted less internalizing symptoms at Time 3. Adolescents’ perceptions of their popularity may simultaneously act as a public health risk and provide social protection. Results emphasize the importance of acknowledging adolescents’ social pressures and concerns regarding reputations and popularity during COVID-19.
坚持新冠肺炎社交距离限制对青少年来说可能是一项挑战,尤其是那些关注社会地位的青少年。这项研究考察了自我感知的受欢迎程度和声誉问题作为遵守健康指南的预测因素,以及自我感知受欢迎程度对调整的影响。青少年(n = 1068,14–18 时间1的年份,法师 = 16.86 年)完成了三项自我报告调查 新冠肺炎大流行期间的几个月。与假设一致,更高的自我认知受欢迎程度和对同伴声誉的担忧预测了更少的依从性,从而控制了新冠肺炎的威胁。此外,更大的自我感知受欢迎程度预示着在时间3时内化症状更少。青少年对自己受欢迎程度的看法可能同时成为公共健康风险,并提供社会保护。研究结果强调了承认新冠肺炎期间青少年的社会压力和对声誉和受欢迎程度的担忧的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Academic Self-esteem as a Buffer Between Negative Youth Experiences and Academic Achievement in African American Adolescents 学业自尊在青少年消极经历与学业成就之间的缓冲作用
IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.1177/0044118X211063919
Jarrad D. Hodge, M. Cunningham
The study examines if African American adolescents’ academic self-esteem moderates relations between negative youth experiences and academic achievement. Grounded in a PVEST perspective, the study collected responses from 364 Black adolescents (69% girls) in a southern, urban city. The primary finding in the study confirmed the hypothesis that students who report more negative youth experiences would also report lesser achievement and that negative relations would be buffered by the presence of Academic Self-Esteem. The study also outlines sex differences as Black males appear to be more vulnerable to negative youth experiences. Despite reporting more encounters with neighborhood-based discrimination, Black males appear to benefit academically when negative experiences are coupled with high academic self-esteem. The highest achievement in our sample was reported by students with high academic self-esteem who also reported higher instances of negative youth experiences. Intervention efforts and suggestions for future directions are discussed.
这项研究考察了非裔美国青少年的学业自尊是否调节了消极的青少年经历和学业成就之间的关系。基于PVEST的观点,该研究收集了南部城市364名黑人青少年(69%是女孩)的回答。该研究的主要发现证实了一个假设,即报告更多消极青年经历的学生也会报告更少的成就,并且消极的关系会被学术自尊的存在所缓冲。该研究还概述了性别差异,因为黑人男性似乎更容易受到负面青年经历的影响。尽管黑人男性报告了更多的遭遇基于社区的歧视,但当负面经历与高学术自尊相结合时,他们似乎在学业上受益。在我们的样本中,成绩最高的是那些学业自尊心高的学生,他们也报告了更多的负面青年经历。讨论了干预措施和对未来方向的建议。
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引用次数: 0
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