Rehabilitation Psychology最新文献

Purpose/objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship of participation dimensions with satisfaction with social roles and activities after traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Research method/design: Secondary analysis of baseline data from 127 participants enrolled in the MoodTracker intervention trial (https://ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04410770). Participants (M_age = 35.24) were predominately male (64.6%) and non-Hispanic White (70.1%). Primary measures were the TBI Quality of Life scales for Satisfaction With Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities, Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities, Independence, Stigma, and Self-Esteem and the Participation Assessment With Recombined Tools-Objective Out and About, Social Relations, and Productivity subscales.

Results: We performed a hierarchical regression to determine the unique association of different participation dimensions to Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities. The Participation Assessment With Recombined Tools-Objective scores, representing the frequency of participation in activities, explained 18% of the variance (R² change = .177, p < .001) in Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities. Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities and Independence, representing a person's perceived participation ability, explained 40% of the variance (R² change = .397, p < .001) when added to the model. Stigma and Self-Esteem uniquely explained 8% of the variance (R² change = .079, p < .001) when added to the model.

Conclusion/implications: A person's self-perceived ability to participate and be independent makes a greater contribution to satisfaction with social participation than the frequency of participation. Enhanced understanding of the interplay of subjective and objective factors in influencing participation satisfaction after TBI may result in more effective interventions to support meaningful participation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Purpose/objective: Spinal cord injury presents major long-term challenges, including the need to manage chronic pain and avoid overuse or misuse of prescription medication. Our purpose was to identify the extent to which resilience, bouncing back quickly from major challenges, is associated with prescription opioid use and misuse, controlling for depression.

Research method/design: Follow-up data were collected from 918 individuals with spinal cord injury. Resilience was assessed using the Brief Resilience Scale, and depression was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire.

Results: In total, 13.6% of participants reported low resilience (n = 123), 66.1% reported moderate (n = 598), and 20.3% reported high resilience (n = 184). Resilience was protective of monthly/occasional use and misuse of opioids but not overall opioid use or regular weekly/daily use. Pain intensity was most highly associated with weekly/daily use, yet minimally related to occasional/monthly use. Depression was associated with misuse, overall opioid use, and regular use.

Conclusions/implications: Resilience was related to a lower likelihood of use of prescription opioid medications in situations where pain intensity was strongly associated with usage (i.e., intermittent use and using opioids other than prescribed). Resilience is strongly associated with a diminished likelihood of opioid misuse. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Purpose/objective: Debate continues over disability language preferences, with some individuals favoring person-first language and others preferring identity-first language. Not all people with disabilities identify as such, and language use may be influenced by an individual's disability identity. This study examined the relationship between disability identity and language use for self-identification, referring to others, and perceived appropriateness across different contexts.

Research method/design: In 2021, 776 participants (M = 39.9 years; 72.8% female, 17.5% nonbinary; 87.2% from Australia, 6.1% from the United States, 3.6% from the United Kingdom) completed a survey on demographic and health-related factors, disability identity, disability language use, and perceived appropriateness of disability language use across different contexts. Multiple linear and multinomial logistic regression models explored relationships among these variables.

Results: Participants with a stronger disability identity were more likely to use identity-first language and perceived it as more appropriate across contexts, while those with a lower disability identity preferred person-first language. Several demographic and health-related factors significantly predicted stronger disability identity, including younger age, nonbinary gender, residence in "other" countries (e.g., New Zealand, Canada, and European countries excluding the United Kingdom), neurodevelopmental, hearing, digestive, or pain conditions, congenital conditions, and having visible or both visible and invisible disabilities.

Conclusions/implications: These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of disability identity and language preferences. Future research should explore how personal and environmental contexts influence language use among people with disabilities, as addressing individuals with dignity and respect is essential in advancing toward a more inclusive society. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Purpose/objective: Self-stigma can negatively affect transition-age individuals with disabilities, resulting in low self-worth, decreased psychosocial functioning, and reduced interest in career achievement. This study aimed to identify self-stigma profiles among transition-age individuals with disabilities, describe these profile patterns, and examine differences in basic psychological need satisfaction and career achievability across subgroups defined by these profiles.

Research method/design: We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online survey. A total of 199 transition-age individuals with disabilities were included in the data analysis. Latent profile analysis, Fisher's exact test, and one-way analysis of variance were used.

Results: The analysis identified a four-profile solution characterized by high, mid-high, mid-low, and low levels of self-stigma in cognition, affect, and behavior. Individuals in the high (n = 17) or mid-high self-stigma groups (n = 104) reported lower satisfaction in autonomy, competence, and relatedness compared to those in the low (n = 19) or mid-low (n = 59) self-stigma groups. These subgroups differed significantly in career achievability, such that individuals in the low or mid-low self-stigma groups reported higher career achievability than those in the high or mid-high self-stigma groups.

Conclusions/implications: Transition-age individuals with disabilities require support to reduce self-stigma that is associated with the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and career achievability. This can be achieved by addressing stigmatizing beliefs and fostering empowerment. Replication with a larger, more diverse sample is necessary to validate these findings and develop effective interventions to counter self-stigma. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: This scoping review aims to describe measures of patient engagement in acute inpatient rehabilitation settings, measurement approaches, and conceptualizations of patient engagement.

Method: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines and the Joanna Briggs Scoping Review Framework, we searched seven databases-PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycInfo-from inception to May 2024. Inclusion criteria included (a) participants aged 18 or older; (b) conducted in a hospital-based acute inpatient rehabilitation program irrespective of diagnosis; (c) measured patient engagement during rehabilitation; and (d) published in English. Major search concepts included patient engagement, measures, rehabilitation, and inpatient rehabilitation settings. Two independent reviewers assessed eligibility and extracted data, resolving conflicts through consultation with a third reviewer. The initial search identified 8,320 records.

Results: Of the 384 studies that underwent full-text review, 37 met inclusion criteria and reported on 10 engagement measures. The Pittsburgh Rehabilitation Participation Scale was the most frequently used, followed by therapy dosage and the Hopkins Rehabilitation Engagement Rating Scale. Most studies used an observer-rated approach. Conceptualizations of engagement varied in depth and integration of theoretical models. Although motivation was a central theme, conceptualizations have evolved, recognizing multiple factors influencing engagement.

Conclusion: The lack of consensus on measuring and conceptualizing patient engagement limits efforts to advance research and clinical practices to improve engagement and, ultimately, outcomes in rehabilitation. Future research could explore the clinical utility of existing measures and establish patient-centered best practices for measurement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Purpose/objective: The Body Compassion Scale (BCS) is a novel measure assessing the extent to which an individual is able to (a) view their body as one of the many components of their personhood, (b) recognize that everyone shares the experience of living in a physical body, with its advantages and disadvantages, and (c) embrace their body's current appearance, state of health, and functioning. It has been validated in healthy undergraduate samples; yet, there exists limited work documenting the psychometric properties among individuals with chronic health conditions. We evaluated the factor structure of the BCS among a sample of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Research method/design: In total, 677 people (M_age = 52.89, SD_age = 12.83) reported on their body compassion, fatigue, pain, cognitive functioning, disability, depression, anxiety, and resilience in an online survey sent out to a regional and national MS listserv.

Results: A three-factor structure (defusion, common humanity, and acceptance) emerged as the best fit to the data. All three subscores demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and validity evidence.

Conclusions/implications: The findings extend existing work demonstrating a three-factor structure of the BCS and provide preliminary validity for the use of the BCS among people living with MS and potentially other rehabilitation populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Purpose/objective: The recovery experiences of individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) involve a complex interaction between intrapersonal and interpersonal factors through which they continue to pursue life goals and enhance their psychosocial adaptation. Among these outcomes, disability acceptance is an important aspect but remains underexplored in this context. This study aimed to identify recovery patterns among individuals with SMI using a latent profile approach and explore how these patterns relate to disability acceptance.

Research method/design: We analyzed responses from participants with SMI (N = 268) and employed latent profile analysis to uncover distinct recovery profiles based on key indicators: resilience, self-efficacy, coping, social support, and perceived social stigma. Each profile was then examined in relation to levels of disability acceptance. The participant sample had a relatively higher employment rate and was more educated compared to "typical" populations with SMI.

Results: Latent profile analysis revealed three subgroups: recovery-initiating, recovery-developing, and recovery-sustained. Over half of the participants were classified in the recovery-developing group, while approximately one-third were included in the recovery-sustained group. High levels of resilience, self-efficacy, coping, and social support-along with low levels of perceived social stigma-increased the likelihood of being classified in the recovery-sustained group. This group also demonstrated the highest levels of disability acceptance.

Conclusions/implications: The identification of distinct recovery patterns suggests the importance of enhancing resilience, self-efficacy, coping strategies, and social support, as well as managing perceived social stigma when working with individuals with SMI. Considerations for tailored interventions to promote recovery and disability acceptance among individuals with SMI are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Study objective: Traumatic stress is common in persons with acquired brain injury. Untreated trauma not only negatively affects mental health but can also impact rehabilitation outcomes and overall recovery. However, not every neurorehabilitation professional has the scope of practice to treat traumatic stress, and providers may not feel well equipped to support patients dealing with significant trauma. Trauma-informed practice (TIP) is an approach in health care where traumatic stress is assumed to be common, and where the environment can be made to feel safe and welcoming without needing to address trauma directly. The objective of our study was to create draft consensus guidelines for TIP within the neurorehabilitation context.

Research method: Researchers, trainees, neurorehabilitation professionals, and adults with lived experience of acquired brain injury and traumatic stress were recruited to participate in our study. We used the Delphi method-a methodology used in health care to develop consensus-over the course of 12 months, whereby panelists participated in group meetings and individual qualitative interviews to generate preliminary items for our guidelines.

Results: Items from the interviews were rank ordered, and a final set of items was used to create a draft set of guidelines, formatted into a brochure for ease of dissemination.

Conclusions/implications: The current guidelines can serve as an initial starting point for the implementation of TIP in a variety of clinical settings. Future directions would be for these guidelines to be implemented and tested in diverse rehabilitation environments, in terms of outcome data and patient/provider satisfaction. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Purpose/objective: Older adults with cognitive impairment (CI) in postacute care (PAC) are at risk for an increased level of care (LOC) postdischarge. Rehabilitation engagement may impact the relationship between CI and increased LOC.

Research method/design: Ninety-two older veterans (> 50 years) were assessed by physical therapists or assistants with the Hopkins Rehabilitation Engagement Rating Scale (HRERS) while participating in Veterans Affairs PAC. Hierarchical logistic regression examined whether rehabilitation engagement predicted LOC while controlling for cognition as assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). We then examined whether rehabilitation engagement moderated the effect of cognition on LOC.

Results: Hierarchical logistic regression modeling revealed that the HRERS total score predicted LOC after controlling for MoCA scores. The interaction between MoCA and HRERS total score was nonsignificant. Item-level HRERS analyses revealed a significant interaction for CI (MoCA score < 22) and active participation (HRERS Item 5). Examination of the interaction indicated that among low scorers on active participation, CI increased the odds of requiring higher LOC, while the main effect of CI on LOC was nonsignificant among those who scored high on active participation.

Conclusion/implications: Higher rehabilitation engagement reduced the risk of requiring higher LOC at PAC discharge after controlling for cognitive functioning. Additionally, active participation may buffer against adverse outcomes for older adults with CI. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Purpose/objective: This study sought to identify common mental health-related concerns of people living with spinal cord injury (SCI) and define strategies that can mitigate adverse circumstances.

Research method/design: We organized three focus groups of persons living with SCI (N = 5, 6, and 5, respectively) and recruited participants using a research registry and social media. We conducted focus groups via Webex, which lasted 60-90 min. We used discussion guides that an advisory committee, composed of persons with SCI and health care providers, reviewed and revised. A professional service transcribed Webex audio recordings. We used NVivo Pro 12 to code the transcripts for thematic analysis.

Results: Sixteen persons with SCI (six men, 10 women; M = 48 years) residing in Midwestern and Atlantic coast states participated. Eighty-one percent sustained SCI 2 or more years earlier, 69% sustained paraplegia, and 69% had incomplete injuries. Participants described feelings of anger/frustration, social isolation/loneliness, and depression as mental health challenges, in addition to developing identity as a person with a disability and timing of supportive mental health services such as SCI peer mentors.

Conclusions/implications: Persons with SCI identified the need for improved access to community resources as well as mental health services. The findings can guide the development of practice recommendations and resources for rehabilitation professionals and mental health providers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).