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Lyrics of longing: Exploring the role of music in the lived experience of homesickness among college students 思念的歌词探索音乐在大学生思乡生活体验中的作用
IF 1.7 3区 心理学 N/A MUSIC Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1177/03057356241271032
Simran Gidwani, Veenashree Anchan, Nisha James
The study investigates the multifaceted role of music during homesickness among first-year college students in India. As compared to other mental health outcomes, homesickness is a relatively understudied phenomenon, yet noteworthy due to its direct association with depression and anxiety. Although empirical evidence about music highlights its therapeutic potential for managing stress and anxiety, few studies have explored its role in connection with homesickness. The data for this study were collected through semi-structured interviews with 10 students about their perception of using music during homesickness. Through interpretative phenomenological analysis, the emerging themes pointed to a mixed influence, highlighting the bittersweet nature of music during homesickness. While music validates feelings and boosts confidence and motivation, it also triggers restorative nostalgia and serves as an escape from confronting homesickness. Moreover, native songs fostered an appreciation for one’s culture and helped students connect with their roots. The study contributes to understanding how music is a versatile tool for students dealing with homesickness, offering solace and potential challenges. It serves as a guide to future intervention studies that could explore music’s long-term influences. Recognising the diverse ways students perceive and respond to music provides valuable insights for developing tailored interventions and support systems.
本研究调查了音乐在印度大学一年级学生思乡期间的多方面作用。与其他心理健康结果相比,思乡是一种研究相对不足的现象,但由于它与抑郁和焦虑直接相关,因此值得注意。尽管有关音乐的经验证据强调了音乐在控制压力和焦虑方面的治疗潜力,但很少有研究探讨音乐在思乡方面的作用。本研究通过对 10 名学生进行半结构式访谈,收集了他们在思乡期间使用音乐的感受。通过解释性现象学分析,新出现的主题指向了一种混合影响,突出了思乡期间音乐的苦乐参半性质。音乐在验证情感、增强信心和动力的同时,也引发了恢复性的乡愁,并成为一种逃避思乡的方式。此外,乡土歌曲还促进了对自身文化的欣赏,帮助学生与自己的根联系在一起。这项研究有助于了解音乐是如何成为学生应对思乡之情的多功能工具,提供慰藉和潜在挑战。这项研究还为今后的干预研究提供了指导,有助于探索音乐的长期影响。认识到学生感知音乐和对音乐做出反应的不同方式,为制定有针对性的干预措施和支持系统提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Different voice part perceptions in polyphonic and homophonic musical textures 在复调和同调音乐中对声部的不同感受
IF 1.7 3区 心理学 N/A MUSIC Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/03057356241271027
Kai Ishida, Hiroshi Nittono
Separate voice part perception has been shown in polyphonic music. However, it remains unclear whether this segregation of voice parts is specific to polyphony or also occurs in homophonic music. This study compared voice part perceptions in polyphony and homophony using a redundant signals effect (RSE) paradigm. The RSE means that reaction times are shorter for two simultaneously presented signals than for one of these signals. At the final position of the four-voice homophonic and polyphonic sequences, notes in two voice parts were altered to out-of-key notes independently or simultaneously. Participants ( N = 208) responded to any deviant tones while withholding responses to non-deviant tones. All combinations of deviant voice parts (i.e., soprano–bass, tenor–bass, and alto–tenor) elicited RSEs in polyphonic and homophonic sequences, suggesting separate voice part perception, irrespective of musical texture. However, evidence of the coactivation of separate perceptual modules was obtained only for polyphonic sequences. Deviants in higher voice parts were detected faster and more accurately than those in lower voice parts in both musical textures. These results indicate that voice parts are perceived separately, with a bias toward higher voice parts in both musical textures, but voice parts are more segregated in polyphony.
复调音乐中的声部感知是分离的。然而,这种声部分离是复调音乐特有的,还是也会出现在同调音乐中,目前仍不清楚。本研究采用冗余信号效应(RSE)范式,比较了复调音乐和同调音乐中的声部感知。冗余信号效应是指同时出现两个信号时,反应时间比其中一个信号短。在四声部同音和复音序列的最后位置,两个声部的音符被单独或同时改变为失调音符。参与者(208 人)对任何偏离的音调都会做出反应,而对非偏离的音调则不会做出反应。在复调和同调序列中,所有偏离声部的组合(即女高音-男低音、男高音-女低音和中音-男高音)都会引起 RSE,这表明无论音乐质地如何,声部感知都是独立的。然而,只有在复调序列中才有证据表明独立的感知模块被共同激活。在两种音乐质地中,高声部的偏差都比低声部的偏差检测得更快更准确。这些结果表明,在两种音乐质地中,声部都是被分开感知的,偏向于高声部,但在复调音乐中声部的分离程度更高。
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引用次数: 0
Conversations from Arendelle: Children’s understanding of musical affect in a narrative, multimedia context 来自阿伦黛尔的对话:多媒体叙事背景下儿童对音乐情感的理解
IF 1.7 3区 心理学 N/A MUSIC Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/03057356241261669
Sara Beck, Daniel Allee
Children’s verbatim memory for song lyrics has been broadly investigated in the psychological literature, but little is known about the developmental course of children’s ability to construct meaning from familiar multimedia songs containing both concrete and metaphorical language. The present study examined age-related change in children’s understanding of the hit song “Let It Go” using a brief comprehension measure and a semi-structured interview conducted over Zoom. Participants included 51 children from 3- to 10-year-olds whose parents reported that they were familiar with and enjoyed Frozen. Participants’ comprehension of the song was assessed using a visual comprehension measure. They then co-viewed the music video, with the researcher pausing at several time points in the song to ask how the child thought Elsa was feeling and how the child knew. A grounded analysis of participants’ responses yielded five categories that comprehensively captured the range of cues (song lyrics, non-lyrical musical elements, observable action on screen, character appearance, and non-observable narrative elements). A median split of the sample revealed that older children referenced more converging cues to explain their thinking on Elsa’s emotion during the song and that older children referenced musical cues (both lyrical and non-lyrical) significantly more than younger children.
心理学文献对儿童对歌词的逐字记忆进行了广泛的研究,但对儿童从包含具体和隐喻语言的熟悉多媒体歌曲中建构意义的能力的发展过程却知之甚少。本研究采用简短的理解测量法和半结构化访谈法,考察了儿童对热门歌曲《Let It Go》的理解与年龄有关的变化。研究对象包括 51 名 3 至 10 岁的儿童,他们的父母称他们熟悉并喜欢《冰雪奇缘》。我们使用视觉理解测量法评估了参与者对歌曲的理解能力。然后,他们共同观看了音乐视频,研究人员在歌曲的几个时间点暂停,询问孩子认为艾尔莎的感受以及孩子是如何知道的。研究人员对参与者的回答进行了基础分析,得出了五个类别(歌词、非抒情音乐元素、屏幕上可观察到的动作、人物外貌和不可观察到的叙事元素),这些类别全面反映了线索的范围。对样本进行中位数分割后发现,年龄较大的儿童在解释他们对歌曲中艾尔莎的情绪的想法时,引用了更多的趋同线索,而且年龄较大的儿童引用音乐线索(包括歌词和非抒情音乐)的次数明显多于年龄较小的儿童。
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引用次数: 0
Becoming singular: Musical identity construction and maintenance through the lens of identity process theory 成为独一无二的人:从身份认同过程理论的角度看音乐身份的构建与维护
IF 1.7 3区 心理学 N/A MUSIC Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/03057356241267863
Melissa Forbes, Jason Goopy, Amanda E Krause
This study uses identity process theory to understand the social–psychological processes that motivate individuals to construct an identity in which music, singing, and singing teaching feature prominently. We conducted reflexive thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 10 Australian singing teachers (with an average age 60) to understand how they enacted identity principles that motivate identity construction and maintenance. Findings were captured in two themes: (1) ‘It has just been music’: Living a musical life is my destiny; (2) ‘I know my value’: Achieving goals in music and teaching is motivating. Participants’ consistent musical engagement across the lifespan satisfied the identity principles of continuity and positive distinctiveness. The identity principles of self-efficacy and self-esteem were satisfied through the social connections created with peers and through teaching singing; participants derived self-worth from celebrating and contributing to the success of others. Teaching singing was a way to become ‘singular’, that is, distinctive, and distinctively valued by the self and others. This article provides an example of how identity process theory can be applied in musical identities research to uncover new insights into the psychological processes of identity construction, with implications for understanding identity resilience and musical engagement across the lifespan.
本研究利用身份认同过程理论来了解促使个人构建以音乐、歌唱和歌唱教学为主要特征的身份认同的社会心理过程。我们对 10 位澳大利亚歌唱教师(平均年龄 60 岁)的半结构式访谈进行了反思性主题分析,以了解他们如何贯彻身份原则,推动身份的构建和维护。分析结果归纳为两个主题:(1) "一直以来都是音乐":音乐生活是我的命运;(2) "我知道自己的价值":实现音乐和教学目标是一种动力。参与者在一生中始终如一地参与音乐活动,符合持续性和积极独特性的身份认同原则。通过与同龄人建立社会联系和教授歌唱,参与者满足了自我效能和自尊的身份原则;参与者从庆祝和促进他人的成功中获得了自我价值。歌唱教学是成为 "独特 "的一种方式,即与众不同,受到自我和他人的独特重视。本文举例说明了如何将身份过程理论应用于音乐身份研究,以揭示身份建构心理过程的新见解,这对理解整个生命周期的身份复原力和音乐参与具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluations of solo piano performances: The role of performing with and without a musical score 钢琴独奏的评价:有乐谱和无乐谱演奏的作用
IF 1.7 3区 心理学 N/A MUSIC Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/03057356241259119
D Gregory Springer, Rachel A Sorenson
The act of performing without a musical score is common and expected in many contexts. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of performing with and without a musical score on listeners’ evaluations of solo pianists. We also investigated whether the effects of score use differed according to the perceived expertise of the performer. Participants ( N = 69) were collegiate music students who observed two video recordings of a pianist performing an excerpt from Schubert’s Impromptu Op. 90, No. 2. In one of the videos, the pianist used a musical score and in the other video the pianist did not use a score. One group of participants was informed at the outset that the pianist was an expert performer and the other group was told that the pianist was a student auditioning for a graduate program as a piano major. Participants rated each performance and indicated which recording they preferred. Results indicated no significant difference in ratings by performance condition overall, but significant interaction effects indicated that the effect of performance condition was dependent upon both the perceived expertise of the performer and presentation order. Chi-square results indicated no significant differences in participants’ preferences between conditions.
在许多情况下,没有乐谱的演奏行为是常见的,也是人们所期望的。本研究的目的是探讨有乐谱和无乐谱演奏对听众对钢琴独奏者评价的影响。我们还调查了使用乐谱的效果是否会因演奏者的专业技能而有所不同。参与者(N = 69)是音乐学院的学生,他们观看了两段钢琴家演奏舒伯特《即兴曲作品 90 之 2》选段的视频录像。在其中一段视频中,钢琴家使用了乐谱,而在另一段视频中,钢琴家没有使用乐谱。一组参与者从一开始就被告知钢琴家是一位演奏专家,另一组参与者则被告知钢琴家是一名正在参加钢琴专业研究生课程面试的学生。参与者对每段演奏进行评分,并指出他们更喜欢哪段录音。结果表明,不同演奏条件下的评分总体上没有明显差异,但显著的交互效应表明,演奏条件的影响取决于演奏者的专业水平和演奏顺序。卡方检验结果表明,不同条件下参与者的偏好没有明显差异。
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引用次数: 0
Are we all anxious about the same thing? A comparison of lay definitions of music making and performance in the context of music participation 我们都在为同一件事焦虑吗?在音乐参与的背景下比较非专业人士对音乐创作和表演的定义
IF 1.7 3区 心理学 N/A MUSIC Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/03057356241256958
Katrina M Rivera, Lillian Smyth, Georgia Pike-Rowney, Susan West
Adverse experiences toward making music can be found in both musicians (music performance anxiety) and non-musicians (avoidance of participating in musical experiences). Both anxiety and avoidance are driven by perceptions and attributions about particular stimuli, based on schemas developed via direct and indirect experiences. Most research within music psychology focuses on the views of professional or student musicians. However, little is known about music avoidance in the general population, or their perceptions of music and performance. This article proposes to address this gap by comparing Australian adults’ perceptions toward music making and performance. A total of 116 participants self-identified as musical/non-musical, a musician/non-musician, and a performer/non-performer, then defined various terms and phrases related to music making and performance. Logistic regressions indicated that those with exposure to the music education system were significantly more likely to self-identify as musical, a musician, and a performer. Tests of independence reveal a relationship between self-identification and perceptions of music making, performance, anxiety, and willingness to engage. Possible mechanisms underlying the results of this study are discussed and a conceptual expansion related to music performance anxiety (MPA) and music making is proposed.
音乐家(音乐表演焦虑)和非音乐家(回避参与音乐体验)都会有不利于音乐创作的经历。焦虑和回避都是由对特定刺激的感知和归因驱动的,这种感知和归因是基于直接和间接经验形成的图式。音乐心理学的大部分研究都集中在专业音乐家或学生的观点上。然而,人们对普通人的音乐回避或他们对音乐和表演的看法却知之甚少。本文拟通过比较澳大利亚成年人对音乐创作和表演的看法来填补这一空白。共有 116 名参与者自我认同为音乐/非音乐、音乐家/非音乐家、表演者/非表演者,然后定义了与音乐创作和表演相关的各种术语和短语。逻辑回归结果表明,接触过音乐教育系统的人更有可能自我认定为音乐人、音乐家和表演者。独立性测试表明,自我认同与对音乐创作、表演、焦虑和参与意愿的看法之间存在关系。我们讨论了本研究结果的可能机制,并提出了与音乐表演焦虑(MPA)和音乐创作相关的概念扩展。
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引用次数: 0
Video-based categorization system and frequency analysis of gestures in saxophone playing 基于视频的分类系统和萨克斯演奏手势频率分析
IF 1.7 3区 心理学 N/A MUSIC Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/03057356241257425
Nádia Moura, Pedro Fonseca, Jorge Graça, Philippe Trovão, Márcio Goethel, João Paulo Vilas-Boas, Sofia Serra
The study of gestures in music performance provides valuable insights for instrumental learning. However, gestural vocabularies vary depending on the instrument being played, according to its postural and technical specificities. The goals of this study were twofold: first, to create a gesture categorization system for saxophone players, and second, to analyse their gestural behaviour across contrasting musical excerpts. A criteria-based observational analysis was conducted, considering the type and frequency of gestures identified in a database of 100 video and motion recordings. The categorization system, including 15 gesture types applicable to the case of saxophone playing, was further validated by 2 expert raters. A descriptive appendix is provided for the identification of each gesture type. Results revealed that: (1) knee and trunk flexion, feet elevation, mediolateral sway and flap were the most recurrent gestures among saxophone players; (2) energetic, fast-tempo excerpts led to higher movement frequency; and (3) impulsive gestures (head nods) were idiosyncratic of the excerpt containing repeated accentuated notes. These results present a definition of the gestural behaviour of saxophone players, which constitutes relevant knowledge for the development of future studies in the fields of injury prevention, body expression and historically informed performance.
对音乐表演中手势的研究为乐器学习提供了宝贵的启示。然而,手势语汇因演奏乐器的姿势和技术特点而异。本研究的目标有两个:第一,为萨克斯管演奏者创建一个手势分类系统;第二,分析他们在对比音乐选段中的手势行为。研究采用了基于标准的观察分析方法,考虑了在 100 个视频和动作记录数据库中识别出的手势类型和频率。分类系统包括适用于萨克斯演奏的 15 种手势类型,并由两名专家评分员进一步验证。附录中对每种手势类型的识别进行了描述。结果显示(1) 膝关节和躯干屈曲、双脚抬高、内侧摇摆和扇动是萨克斯管演奏者中最常出现的手势;(2) 充满活力的快节奏选段导致较高的动作频率;(3) 冲动型手势(点头)是包含重复强调音符的选段的特质。这些结果为萨克斯管演奏者的手势行为提供了定义,为今后在预防损伤、肢体表达和有历史依据的演奏领域开展研究提供了相关知识。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of amateur choir experience on forced-attention dichotic listening in older adults 业余合唱团经验对老年人强迫注意二分听力的影响
IF 1.7 3区 心理学 N/A MUSIC Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/03057356241261371
Yang Li, Jinxin Ji, Xinxian Zhao, Xiaohu Yang
This study aimed to investigate the effects of amateur choir experience on “forced-attention” dichotic listening performance in older adults. Twenty older adults with choir experience and 20 without such experience were recruited, along with a group of 20 younger adults as the baseline. Participants were instructed to complete the dichotic listening task based on consonant-vowel (CV) syllables in four attentional conditions, that is, non-forced, forced-left, forced-right, and divided attention conditions. The results showed that choir experience may offset age-related deficits in temporal processing, inhibitory control, and divided attention in the non-forced, forced-left, and divided attention conditions, respectively. But in the forced-right condition where the orienting process was required, two groups of older adults performed similarly, comparable with the younger group. Our findings support the OPERA-e hypothesis and underscore the effects of amateur musical activities against declines in temporal processing, inhibitory control, and divided attention in aging populations.
本研究旨在调查业余合唱团经历对老年人 "强迫注意 "二分法听力表现的影响。研究人员招募了 20 名有合唱团经验的老年人和 20 名没有合唱团经验的老年人,同时还招募了 20 名年轻的成年人作为基线。受试者被要求在四种注意条件下完成基于辅音-元音(CV)音节的二分法听力任务,即非强迫、强迫-左、强迫-右和分散注意条件。结果表明,在非强迫、强迫左侧和分散注意条件下,合唱团的经验可分别抵消与年龄有关的时间处理、抑制控制和分散注意方面的缺陷。但在需要定向过程的强迫向右条件下,两组老年人的表现相似,与年轻组相当。我们的研究结果支持 OPERA-e 假设,并强调了业余音乐活动对老龄人群时间处理能力、抑制控制能力和分散注意力下降的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Aaron Williamon, Jane Ginsborg, Rosie Perkins and George Waddell, Performing Music Research: Methods in Music Education, Psychology, and Performance Science 书评:Aaron Williamon、Jane Ginsborg、Rosie Perkins 和 George Waddell,《音乐表演研究》:音乐教育、心理学和表演科学方法
IF 1.7 3区 心理学 N/A MUSIC Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/03057356241261674
Michael Bonshor
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引用次数: 0
Using music to feel better: Are different emotion-regulation strategies truly distinct? 用音乐让心情好起来:不同的情绪调节策略真的截然不同吗?
IF 1.7 3区 心理学 N/A MUSIC Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/03057356241258959
Jeffrey H Kahn, Kaylee C Enevold, Destiny Feltner-Williams, Kendall Ladd
People use music to regulate their emotions in a variety of ways. Whereas some of these strategies are conceptually and empirically distinct from one another, other strategies are not wholly distinguishable. We examined the distinctiveness among strategies used to regulate emotions via music listening. College students ( N = 274) completed an online questionnaire with closed-ended and open-ended items designed to measure their use of music to regulate emotions and other music- and emotion-related measures. Confirmatory factor analyses suggested that some of the strategies in Saarikallio’s taxonomy are not completely distinct from one another, yet correlations between these strategies and other functions of music listening and absorption in music suggested a fair amount of empirical similarity among most of these functions. Qualitative analysis suggested that, in addition to strategies described by Saarikallio, people use music to remember, to feel calm, and to match their mood. This mixed-methods research therefore suggests that both constricting and expanding prior taxonomies of strategies to regulate emotions via music could be warranted.
人们利用音乐调节情绪的方式多种多样。其中一些策略在概念上和经验上是相互区别的,而另一些策略则无法完全区分。我们研究了通过听音乐来调节情绪的策略之间的区别。大学生(N = 274)填写了一份在线问卷,其中包含封闭式和开放式项目,旨在测量他们使用音乐调节情绪的情况以及其他与音乐和情绪相关的测量。确认性因素分析表明,Saarikallio分类法中的某些策略并不完全相互独立,但这些策略与音乐聆听和音乐吸收的其他功能之间的相关性表明,大多数这些功能之间存在相当程度的经验相似性。定性分析表明,除了 Saarikallio 所描述的策略外,人们还利用音乐来记忆、平静心情和配合情绪。因此,这项混合方法研究表明,有必要对之前通过音乐调节情绪的策略分类法进行收缩和扩展。
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引用次数: 0
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Psychology of Music
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