Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2022.2039657
Zhuang Jie, Ashley Guidry
Abstract Stigmatization of one or more discredited attributes has a profoundly negative social impact on stigmatized individuals. Researchers have applied narratives as a persuasion device to reduce stigma. However, the overall effect of narratives on stigma is yet known. This research synthesized and quantified the effect of narratives in reducing stigma and identifies moderating factors. Forty-six effect sizes were extracted from 40 articles investigating the effect of narratives on stigmatization in various stigmatized conditions. A small effect of narratives on reducing stigma was yielded, which indicated that narratives were effective in reducing stigma. Narratives constructed with the first-person point of view were to be superior in reducing stigma. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
{"title":"Does Storytelling Reduce Stigma? A Meta-Analytic View of Narrative Persuasion on Stigma Reduction","authors":"Zhuang Jie, Ashley Guidry","doi":"10.1080/01973533.2022.2039657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2022.2039657","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Stigmatization of one or more discredited attributes has a profoundly negative social impact on stigmatized individuals. Researchers have applied narratives as a persuasion device to reduce stigma. However, the overall effect of narratives on stigma is yet known. This research synthesized and quantified the effect of narratives in reducing stigma and identifies moderating factors. Forty-six effect sizes were extracted from 40 articles investigating the effect of narratives on stigmatization in various stigmatized conditions. A small effect of narratives on reducing stigma was yielded, which indicated that narratives were effective in reducing stigma. Narratives constructed with the first-person point of view were to be superior in reducing stigma. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48014,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology","volume":"44 1","pages":"25 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46576655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-04DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2021.1982714
Jamie S Hughes, Angelica Sandel, Logan A. Yelderman, Victoria Inman
Abstract One goal of incarceration is offender rehabilitation. We examined whether characteristics of an offender affect beliefs about rehabilitation capacity. In three studies using large samples, we investigated inferences about criminal offenders who were described as juveniles or adults (15 or 30 years old). Participants read about or were shown a picture of a White or Black actor. They judged the offender’s maturation, intentionality, and long-term goals, and indicated their rehabilitation capacity. Black offenders, regardless of age, were seen as more capable of rehabilitation, seen as possessing less intentionality, and having more positive long-term goals than White offenders. Discussion focuses on potential explanations for the data including system justification and attitudinal influence.
{"title":"Beliefs about an Offender’s Capacity to Be Rehabilitated: Black Offenders Are Seen as More Capable of Change","authors":"Jamie S Hughes, Angelica Sandel, Logan A. Yelderman, Victoria Inman","doi":"10.1080/01973533.2021.1982714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2021.1982714","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One goal of incarceration is offender rehabilitation. We examined whether characteristics of an offender affect beliefs about rehabilitation capacity. In three studies using large samples, we investigated inferences about criminal offenders who were described as juveniles or adults (15 or 30 years old). Participants read about or were shown a picture of a White or Black actor. They judged the offender’s maturation, intentionality, and long-term goals, and indicated their rehabilitation capacity. Black offenders, regardless of age, were seen as more capable of rehabilitation, seen as possessing less intentionality, and having more positive long-term goals than White offenders. Discussion focuses on potential explanations for the data including system justification and attitudinal influence.","PeriodicalId":48014,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology","volume":"43 1","pages":"406 - 422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47756241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2021.1955680
Sara Partow, R. Cook, R. Mcdonald
Abstract Research suggests there is a link between stigma-related stress and the mental health of the stigmatized, with coping being recognized as an important mediator/moderator of this relationship. Standardized questionnaires have been commonly used to measure coping in this body of research. This article identifies some of these studies and discusses several of these instruments, with a focus on their appropriateness for studying coping with stigmatization and discrimination. A systematic search of the literature was adapted for this review. The search term “(cope OR coping) AND stress* AND (stigma OR discriminat*)” was used, within the abstract field of five scientific databases. Articles that then met certain inclusion criteria were reviewed and organized using a matrix approach. Race and ethnicity were the most frequent stigma characteristics studied, with some commonly stigmatized groups being absent from the literature. Measures specifically designed to assess coping with stigmatization or discrimination were used less frequently. Only a few studies measured coping responses related to a specific form of stigmatization or discrimination.
{"title":"A Literature Review of the Measurement of Coping with Stigmatization and Discrimination","authors":"Sara Partow, R. Cook, R. Mcdonald","doi":"10.1080/01973533.2021.1955680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2021.1955680","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research suggests there is a link between stigma-related stress and the mental health of the stigmatized, with coping being recognized as an important mediator/moderator of this relationship. Standardized questionnaires have been commonly used to measure coping in this body of research. This article identifies some of these studies and discusses several of these instruments, with a focus on their appropriateness for studying coping with stigmatization and discrimination. A systematic search of the literature was adapted for this review. The search term “(cope OR coping) AND stress* AND (stigma OR discriminat*)” was used, within the abstract field of five scientific databases. Articles that then met certain inclusion criteria were reviewed and organized using a matrix approach. Race and ethnicity were the most frequent stigma characteristics studied, with some commonly stigmatized groups being absent from the literature. Measures specifically designed to assess coping with stigmatization or discrimination were used less frequently. Only a few studies measured coping responses related to a specific form of stigmatization or discrimination.","PeriodicalId":48014,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology","volume":"43 1","pages":"319 - 340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01973533.2021.1955680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49232081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2021.1953497
L. Pearce, J. Cooper
Abstract There is an urgent need to persuade the public to follow behavioral guidelines in order to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Using cognitive dissonance as a guide, the current study’s aim was to increase compliance with coronavirus safety measures, such as social distancing, wearing masks, and getting vaccinated. In Phase 1, participants experienced dissonance by advocating consistent adherence to safety protocols and recalling instances when they did not follow them. Their attitudes and behavioral intentions were measured. A week later, we assessed reported behavior. We found that dissonance participants complied more with guidelines and were more likely to seek vaccination than participants in three non-dissonance control conditions. We conclude by recommending ways of implementing the findings in the current COVID-19 crisis.
{"title":"Fostering COVID-19 Safe Behaviors Using Cognitive Dissonance","authors":"L. Pearce, J. Cooper","doi":"10.1080/01973533.2021.1953497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2021.1953497","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is an urgent need to persuade the public to follow behavioral guidelines in order to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Using cognitive dissonance as a guide, the current study’s aim was to increase compliance with coronavirus safety measures, such as social distancing, wearing masks, and getting vaccinated. In Phase 1, participants experienced dissonance by advocating consistent adherence to safety protocols and recalling instances when they did not follow them. Their attitudes and behavioral intentions were measured. A week later, we assessed reported behavior. We found that dissonance participants complied more with guidelines and were more likely to seek vaccination than participants in three non-dissonance control conditions. We conclude by recommending ways of implementing the findings in the current COVID-19 crisis.","PeriodicalId":48014,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology","volume":"43 1","pages":"267 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48428206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2021.1967156
Tomasz Jarmakowski, P. Radkiewicz
Abstract Inspired by the well-documented relationship between authoritarianism and prejudices, we tested whether a massive influx of immigrants can constitute social threats - direct (crimes, riots, violence) and normative (different norms, customs, values) - that increase ingroup authoritarian attitudes. Across two experimental studies (n 1=251 and n 2=230), we were able to show that both direct and normative threat to social order, originating from immigrants, lead to an increase in ingroup authoritarianism attitudes (Cohen’s d = 0.45–0.57), but do not impact the right-wing authoritarianism and cultural conservatism. The effect of threat on the rise of authoritarian attitudes was only partially and in a small degree mediated by collective security motivation. Implications for the authoritarianism-prejudices relationship and the functions of authoritarianism are discussed.
{"title":"Why Do Immigrants Make Us More Authoritarian? The Impact of Direct and Normative Threat to Social Order from Outgroupers on Ingroup Authoritarianism","authors":"Tomasz Jarmakowski, P. Radkiewicz","doi":"10.1080/01973533.2021.1967156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2021.1967156","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Inspired by the well-documented relationship between authoritarianism and prejudices, we tested whether a massive influx of immigrants can constitute social threats - direct (crimes, riots, violence) and normative (different norms, customs, values) - that increase ingroup authoritarian attitudes. Across two experimental studies (n 1=251 and n 2=230), we were able to show that both direct and normative threat to social order, originating from immigrants, lead to an increase in ingroup authoritarianism attitudes (Cohen’s d = 0.45–0.57), but do not impact the right-wing authoritarianism and cultural conservatism. The effect of threat on the rise of authoritarian attitudes was only partially and in a small degree mediated by collective security motivation. Implications for the authoritarianism-prejudices relationship and the functions of authoritarianism are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48014,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology","volume":"43 1","pages":"354 - 365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47274528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-11DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2021.1959332
Tianning Hu, Wenyimei Tao
Abstract This study examined how visual perspective affected the moral licensing effect. It was hypothesized that participants would act less morally when a moral behavior was recalled or imagined with a first-person perspective, whereas the effect would reverse in the third-person perspective condition. Participants recalled (Study 1) or imagined (Study 2 and 3) either a moral or an immoral/a neutral behavior, with either one of the two visual perspectives. The behavioral intentions of different subsequent moral behaviors as well as a real donating behavior were measured. All experiments found the licensing effect in the first-person perspective conditions but mixed results in the third-person perspective conditions. Moreover, the proposed mediation of construal level was not supported.
{"title":"The Influence of Visual Perspective on Moral Licensing Effect","authors":"Tianning Hu, Wenyimei Tao","doi":"10.1080/01973533.2021.1959332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2021.1959332","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examined how visual perspective affected the moral licensing effect. It was hypothesized that participants would act less morally when a moral behavior was recalled or imagined with a first-person perspective, whereas the effect would reverse in the third-person perspective condition. Participants recalled (Study 1) or imagined (Study 2 and 3) either a moral or an immoral/a neutral behavior, with either one of the two visual perspectives. The behavioral intentions of different subsequent moral behaviors as well as a real donating behavior were measured. All experiments found the licensing effect in the first-person perspective conditions but mixed results in the third-person perspective conditions. Moreover, the proposed mediation of construal level was not supported.","PeriodicalId":48014,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology","volume":" 30","pages":"341 - 353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41252118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2021.1917412
Malte Dewies, A. Schop-Etman, Kirsten I. M. Rohde, S. Denktaş
Abstract For security reasons, employees of a Dutch local government department needed to wear an identifying lanyard with their employee badge, but compliance with this policy was low. Two nudges to increase compliance were evaluated in a pre-registered natural field experiment using a pre-post design, and a qualitative survey. Bayesian inference provides insufficient support for the effectiveness of the nudges. While more respondents judged the nudges and the lanyard policy positively than negatively, there was substantial negative judgment and incomprehension for both with some employees finding the nudges paternalistic. We hypothesize that the nudges were ineffective because they failed to change attitudes about the policy, and because they led to reactance among some employees. Implications for nudging within organizations are discussed.
{"title":"Nudging is Ineffective When Attitudes Are Unsupportive: An Example from a Natural Field Experiment","authors":"Malte Dewies, A. Schop-Etman, Kirsten I. M. Rohde, S. Denktaş","doi":"10.1080/01973533.2021.1917412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2021.1917412","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For security reasons, employees of a Dutch local government department needed to wear an identifying lanyard with their employee badge, but compliance with this policy was low. Two nudges to increase compliance were evaluated in a pre-registered natural field experiment using a pre-post design, and a qualitative survey. Bayesian inference provides insufficient support for the effectiveness of the nudges. While more respondents judged the nudges and the lanyard policy positively than negatively, there was substantial negative judgment and incomprehension for both with some employees finding the nudges paternalistic. We hypothesize that the nudges were ineffective because they failed to change attitudes about the policy, and because they led to reactance among some employees. Implications for nudging within organizations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48014,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology","volume":"43 1","pages":"213 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01973533.2021.1917412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49491340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2021.1929987
Blanca Requero, David Santos, Ana Cancela, P. Briñol, R. Petty
Abstract The successful impact of healthy eating campaigns often depends on the extent to which messages are effective in changing attitudes and behaviors over time. The present work proposes that healthy eating campaigns can be designed taking into consideration elaboration and validation processes so that the degree of attitude change is maximally influenced and is consequential. The first set of studies described in this review demonstrates the importance of considering elaboration in determining initial attitudes toward healthy foods as well as the subsequent attitude strength consequences (e.g., stability, prediction of behavior, spreading). The second set of studies focuses on the role of perceived validity of one’s thoughts in the domain of eating as a potential mediator of the persuasion process. These studies include campaigns promoting positive attitudes toward healthy eating (e.g., eating of vegetables and fruits), and interventions oriented to decreasing the intake of unhealthy food (e.g., taxing junk food). We also discuss the role of modality of information presentation (e.g., verbal and visual information vs. direct physical experience) in those studies. Finally, the review offers a tutorial with concrete recommendations that researchers, practitioners and public policy makers can follow in order to predict both short and long-term attitude and behavior changes.
{"title":"Promoting Healthy Eating Practices through Persuasion Processes","authors":"Blanca Requero, David Santos, Ana Cancela, P. Briñol, R. Petty","doi":"10.1080/01973533.2021.1929987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2021.1929987","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The successful impact of healthy eating campaigns often depends on the extent to which messages are effective in changing attitudes and behaviors over time. The present work proposes that healthy eating campaigns can be designed taking into consideration elaboration and validation processes so that the degree of attitude change is maximally influenced and is consequential. The first set of studies described in this review demonstrates the importance of considering elaboration in determining initial attitudes toward healthy foods as well as the subsequent attitude strength consequences (e.g., stability, prediction of behavior, spreading). The second set of studies focuses on the role of perceived validity of one’s thoughts in the domain of eating as a potential mediator of the persuasion process. These studies include campaigns promoting positive attitudes toward healthy eating (e.g., eating of vegetables and fruits), and interventions oriented to decreasing the intake of unhealthy food (e.g., taxing junk food). We also discuss the role of modality of information presentation (e.g., verbal and visual information vs. direct physical experience) in those studies. Finally, the review offers a tutorial with concrete recommendations that researchers, practitioners and public policy makers can follow in order to predict both short and long-term attitude and behavior changes.","PeriodicalId":48014,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology","volume":"43 1","pages":"239 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01973533.2021.1929987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46643681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2021.1927038
N. Legate, N. Weinstein, R. Ryan
Abstract An extensive literature on ostracism shows clear costs for targets; less clear is whether sources of ostracism also face costs. Further, most ostracism experiments fail to speak to ostracism in “real life.” Two studies informed by self-determination theory (SDT) tested whether ostracizers suffer in comparable ways to targets of ostracism in real-life experiences. Results of a diary study found both ostracizing and being ostracized related to worse psychological health because of thwarted psychological needs for autonomy and relatedness. A follow-up experiment found that ostracizing, even when it felt justified, yielded psychological costs, and all groups involved in ostracism suffered because of thwarted autonomy and relatedness. Findings provide evidence for SDT hypotheses concerning inherent costs of harming others.
{"title":"Ostracism in Real Life: Evidence That Ostracizing Others Has Costs, Even When It Feels Justified","authors":"N. Legate, N. Weinstein, R. Ryan","doi":"10.1080/01973533.2021.1927038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2021.1927038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An extensive literature on ostracism shows clear costs for targets; less clear is whether sources of ostracism also face costs. Further, most ostracism experiments fail to speak to ostracism in “real life.” Two studies informed by self-determination theory (SDT) tested whether ostracizers suffer in comparable ways to targets of ostracism in real-life experiences. Results of a diary study found both ostracizing and being ostracized related to worse psychological health because of thwarted psychological needs for autonomy and relatedness. A follow-up experiment found that ostracizing, even when it felt justified, yielded psychological costs, and all groups involved in ostracism suffered because of thwarted autonomy and relatedness. Findings provide evidence for SDT hypotheses concerning inherent costs of harming others.","PeriodicalId":48014,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology","volume":"43 1","pages":"226 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01973533.2021.1927038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44230060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-14DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2021.1929988
Shlomo Hareli, E. Vider, Y. Hanoch
Abstract Higher perceived dominance leads to greater perceived risk-taking willingness. This, both for people differing in facial dominance (Study 1) and people whose dominance was digitally manipulated (Study 2). Yet, the effect of facial dominance varied to some degree across domains. Gender differences also emerged and these fitted stereotypes. Women were judged as less likely to take financial or recreational risks but more likely (Study 1) or as likely as men (Study 2) to take social risks. The assumption that perceived optimism and/or perceived competence mediate the effect of facial dominance on perceived risk-preferences was not supported. Overall, this research exemplifies the importance of considering the way cues such as dominance may have a differential effect in specific contexts. Our findings also challange the idea that assessment of risk-taking tendencies based on facial dominance serves the goal of determining male quality.
{"title":"The Influence of Facial Dominance on Perceptions of Risk-Taking Preferences","authors":"Shlomo Hareli, E. Vider, Y. Hanoch","doi":"10.1080/01973533.2021.1929988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2021.1929988","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Higher perceived dominance leads to greater perceived risk-taking willingness. This, both for people differing in facial dominance (Study 1) and people whose dominance was digitally manipulated (Study 2). Yet, the effect of facial dominance varied to some degree across domains. Gender differences also emerged and these fitted stereotypes. Women were judged as less likely to take financial or recreational risks but more likely (Study 1) or as likely as men (Study 2) to take social risks. The assumption that perceived optimism and/or perceived competence mediate the effect of facial dominance on perceived risk-preferences was not supported. Overall, this research exemplifies the importance of considering the way cues such as dominance may have a differential effect in specific contexts. Our findings also challange the idea that assessment of risk-taking tendencies based on facial dominance serves the goal of determining male quality.","PeriodicalId":48014,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology","volume":"43 1","pages":"283 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01973533.2021.1929988","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41467362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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