Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000796
Sarah A. Walker, Carolyn MacCann, Peter K. Jonason
Abstract: The “Dirty Dozen” is a popular, brief, self-report scale to capture individual differences in the Dark Triad traits (i.e., narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy). While the scale has good psychometric properties, there has not yet been an examination of informant ratings for this instrument, despite the apparent utility of informant ratings for providing an observer’s perspective on a target’s personality. We present evidence for the validity of an informant-rated version of the Dirty Dozen – the Dark Informant-Rated Triad (DIRT). Across two studies ( n study1 = 281; n study2 = 395 dyads), we found evidence for structural validity (i.e., a three-factor model fits the data well), as well as convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity of the DIRT, as well as strong self-informant agreement. We propose future research should examine sources of self-informant disagreement and the extent to which informant-reported Dark Triad trait scores may differ depending on the situation (work vs. home) or informant type (colleague vs. spouse).
{"title":"The Dark Informant-Rated Triad (DIRT)","authors":"Sarah A. Walker, Carolyn MacCann, Peter K. Jonason","doi":"10.1027/1015-5759/a000796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000796","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The “Dirty Dozen” is a popular, brief, self-report scale to capture individual differences in the Dark Triad traits (i.e., narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy). While the scale has good psychometric properties, there has not yet been an examination of informant ratings for this instrument, despite the apparent utility of informant ratings for providing an observer’s perspective on a target’s personality. We present evidence for the validity of an informant-rated version of the Dirty Dozen – the Dark Informant-Rated Triad (DIRT). Across two studies ( n study1 = 281; n study2 = 395 dyads), we found evidence for structural validity (i.e., a three-factor model fits the data well), as well as convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity of the DIRT, as well as strong self-informant agreement. We propose future research should examine sources of self-informant disagreement and the extent to which informant-reported Dark Triad trait scores may differ depending on the situation (work vs. home) or informant type (colleague vs. spouse).","PeriodicalId":48018,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000792
David Goretzko
Abstract: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is widely used in psychological (assessment) research. Due to its exploratory nature, several researcher degrees of freedom exist on how to conduct the analysis. While simulation studies can provide meaningful insights into which factor retention methods to use to determine the number of latent factors, or which estimation methods recover parameter values most precisely given certain data characteristics, the issue of rotational indeterminacy makes it very difficult to decide which rotation method to apply. An alternative to the two-stage approach of extracting factors and subsequently rotating them to foster interpretability is the so-called regularized EFA. In this paper, we contrast both approaches and demonstrate how regularized EFA can be applied. In doing so, we want to encourage researchers to try out the approach themselves and help them find a way of EFA that appears less arbitrary compared to classical factor rotation.
{"title":"Regularized Exploratory Factor Analysis as an Alternative to Factor Rotation","authors":"David Goretzko","doi":"10.1027/1015-5759/a000792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000792","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is widely used in psychological (assessment) research. Due to its exploratory nature, several researcher degrees of freedom exist on how to conduct the analysis. While simulation studies can provide meaningful insights into which factor retention methods to use to determine the number of latent factors, or which estimation methods recover parameter values most precisely given certain data characteristics, the issue of rotational indeterminacy makes it very difficult to decide which rotation method to apply. An alternative to the two-stage approach of extracting factors and subsequently rotating them to foster interpretability is the so-called regularized EFA. In this paper, we contrast both approaches and demonstrate how regularized EFA can be applied. In doing so, we want to encourage researchers to try out the approach themselves and help them find a way of EFA that appears less arbitrary compared to classical factor rotation.","PeriodicalId":48018,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136210668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000794
Jan-Philipp Freudenstein, Julian Schulze, Philipp Schäpers, Patrick Mussel, Stefan Krumm
Abstract: Contemporary theories of personality require psychological assessments that take person-situation processes into account. This is most commonly achieved via ambulatory assessments that sample individuals within their real-life environments. An alternative approach aims at measuring person-situation processes by incorporating hypothetical situation descriptions. However, thus far, no detailed guidelines exist on how to develop such measures so that they validly assess person-situation processes. In this article, we propose Standardized State Assessment as a methodological framework for the assessment of situation-specific states in hypothetical situations. We build on theoretical advances in personality research and previous assessment approaches to derive guidelines for a theory-driven development of hypothetical situation descriptions. We further describe how states should be measured in these situations. Finally, we propose that appropriate latent measurement models and validation strategies may help to develop assessments that are similar to real-life person-situation processes. In the first empirical example ( N = 238), we demonstrate the suitability of the framework. Standardized State Assessment may offer economically advantageous alternatives for research or applied settings in which ambulatory assessments are unfeasible. Moreover, we discuss how this framework may help to answer theoretical questions on person-situation processes.
{"title":"Standardized State Assessment","authors":"Jan-Philipp Freudenstein, Julian Schulze, Philipp Schäpers, Patrick Mussel, Stefan Krumm","doi":"10.1027/1015-5759/a000794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000794","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Contemporary theories of personality require psychological assessments that take person-situation processes into account. This is most commonly achieved via ambulatory assessments that sample individuals within their real-life environments. An alternative approach aims at measuring person-situation processes by incorporating hypothetical situation descriptions. However, thus far, no detailed guidelines exist on how to develop such measures so that they validly assess person-situation processes. In this article, we propose Standardized State Assessment as a methodological framework for the assessment of situation-specific states in hypothetical situations. We build on theoretical advances in personality research and previous assessment approaches to derive guidelines for a theory-driven development of hypothetical situation descriptions. We further describe how states should be measured in these situations. Finally, we propose that appropriate latent measurement models and validation strategies may help to develop assessments that are similar to real-life person-situation processes. In the first empirical example ( N = 238), we demonstrate the suitability of the framework. Standardized State Assessment may offer economically advantageous alternatives for research or applied settings in which ambulatory assessments are unfeasible. Moreover, we discuss how this framework may help to answer theoretical questions on person-situation processes.","PeriodicalId":48018,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136210500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000788
Daniel Schulze, Benedikt Reuter, Björn Elsner, Norbert Kathmann
Abstract: The clinician-rated Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) is a widely used assessment tool for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the measurement invariance (MI) properties of the Y-BOCS, a prerequisite for group or time point comparisons in clinical research, have received little attention in previous studies. In this study, we aim to comprehensively investigate the factor structure and MI of the Y-BOCS severity rating and its symptom checklist, utilizing a large sample of OCD patients ( N = 1,066). Our analysis considers various MI covariates, including time (pre- and post-therapy), severity, comorbidity, previous treatments, and demographics. Overall, the majority of tests conducted on the Y-BOCS severity rating and its symptom checklist revealed no substantial issues with MI, reinforcing the validity of the Y-BOCS for comparative clinical research. Specifically, we discuss a three-factor model for the severity rating, contrasting with a two-factor model for obsessions and compulsions when excluding the resistance items. Notably, our findings underscore the advantages and validity of employing latent factors rather than sum scores to model OCD severity and symptoms.
{"title":"Measurement Invariance Widely Holds for the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale","authors":"Daniel Schulze, Benedikt Reuter, Björn Elsner, Norbert Kathmann","doi":"10.1027/1015-5759/a000788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000788","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The clinician-rated Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) is a widely used assessment tool for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the measurement invariance (MI) properties of the Y-BOCS, a prerequisite for group or time point comparisons in clinical research, have received little attention in previous studies. In this study, we aim to comprehensively investigate the factor structure and MI of the Y-BOCS severity rating and its symptom checklist, utilizing a large sample of OCD patients ( N = 1,066). Our analysis considers various MI covariates, including time (pre- and post-therapy), severity, comorbidity, previous treatments, and demographics. Overall, the majority of tests conducted on the Y-BOCS severity rating and its symptom checklist revealed no substantial issues with MI, reinforcing the validity of the Y-BOCS for comparative clinical research. Specifically, we discuss a three-factor model for the severity rating, contrasting with a two-factor model for obsessions and compulsions when excluding the resistance items. Notably, our findings underscore the advantages and validity of employing latent factors rather than sum scores to model OCD severity and symptoms.","PeriodicalId":48018,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"181 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000793
Martin Schöfl, Gabriele Steinmair, Sabine Zepnik, Timo Gnambs
Abstract: The SCHNAPP Spelling Test is a novel screening instrument to identify at-risk children with poor spelling abilities in German at the beginning of primary school. Although originally developed as a computerized test to be administered on tablets, in school settings paper-pencil methods are often still preferred. Therefore, the present study on N = 390 children from first grades in Austrian primary schools examined the equivalence of computer and paper-pencil versions of the test. After demonstrating unidimensional measurement models in both assessment conditions, analyses of differential response functioning on the item and test level found no substantial testing mode effects. These results indicate that the SCHNAPP Spelling Test can be comparably used as a computer- or paper-based instrument in school assessments.
{"title":"Equivalence of Computer- and Paper-Based Administrations of the SCHNAPP Spelling Test in German for Six-Year-Old Children","authors":"Martin Schöfl, Gabriele Steinmair, Sabine Zepnik, Timo Gnambs","doi":"10.1027/1015-5759/a000793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000793","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The SCHNAPP Spelling Test is a novel screening instrument to identify at-risk children with poor spelling abilities in German at the beginning of primary school. Although originally developed as a computerized test to be administered on tablets, in school settings paper-pencil methods are often still preferred. Therefore, the present study on N = 390 children from first grades in Austrian primary schools examined the equivalence of computer and paper-pencil versions of the test. After demonstrating unidimensional measurement models in both assessment conditions, analyses of differential response functioning on the item and test level found no substantial testing mode effects. These results indicate that the SCHNAPP Spelling Test can be comparably used as a computer- or paper-based instrument in school assessments.","PeriodicalId":48018,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000789
Francesco Marcatto, Lisa Di Blas, Donatella Ferrante
Abstract: The Perceived Occupational Stress (POS) scale has been recently developed to measure workers’ perception of feeling stressed at work. This cross-sectional study aimed to further study the practical applicability of the POS scale by testing its diagnostic utility for identifying workers with severe somatic symptom strain. A sample of 171 Italian workers filled out a survey containing the POS and the short form of the Giessen Subjective Complaints List (GBB-8). The POS scale was strongly associated with the GBB-8 ( r = .70, p < .001; β = .71, p < .001), and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed its excellent diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve, AUC = .83, p < .001), with a POS value of 3.50 being the optimal cut-off for detecting severe somatic symptoms. Overall, the results show that the POS scale is an economic and non-intrusive tool for identifying workers at high risk of severe psychosomatic strain. Limitations of this study include the use of self-report measures and of a convenience sample, which could lead to common method and selection biases. Future research should re-evaluate the predictive usefulness of the POS scale as a predictor of other outcomes of work-related stress such as anxiety and depression, performance, and turnover intentions.
摘要:知觉职业压力(POS)量表是近年来发展起来的一种测量员工工作压力感知的量表。本横断面研究旨在进一步研究POS量表的实际适用性，通过测试其对严重躯体症状菌株工人的诊断效用。171名意大利员工填写了一份调查问卷，其中包括POS表和吉森主观抱怨表(GBB-8)的简表。POS量表与GBB-8呈显著正相关(r = 0.70, p < 0.001;β = .71, p < .001)，受试者工作特征(ROC)分析显示其诊断准确性极好(曲线下面积，AUC = .83, p < .001)， POS值为3.50是检测严重躯体症状的最佳截止值。综上所述，POS量表是一种经济、非侵入性的识别严重心身压力高风险工人的工具。本研究的局限性包括使用自我报告测量和方便样本，这可能导致共同方法和选择偏差。未来的研究应该重新评估POS量表作为工作压力其他结果(如焦虑和抑郁、绩效和离职意向)预测因子的预测效用。
{"title":"Diagnostic Utility of the Perceived Occupational Stress Scale","authors":"Francesco Marcatto, Lisa Di Blas, Donatella Ferrante","doi":"10.1027/1015-5759/a000789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000789","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The Perceived Occupational Stress (POS) scale has been recently developed to measure workers’ perception of feeling stressed at work. This cross-sectional study aimed to further study the practical applicability of the POS scale by testing its diagnostic utility for identifying workers with severe somatic symptom strain. A sample of 171 Italian workers filled out a survey containing the POS and the short form of the Giessen Subjective Complaints List (GBB-8). The POS scale was strongly associated with the GBB-8 ( r = .70, p < .001; β = .71, p < .001), and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed its excellent diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve, AUC = .83, p < .001), with a POS value of 3.50 being the optimal cut-off for detecting severe somatic symptoms. Overall, the results show that the POS scale is an economic and non-intrusive tool for identifying workers at high risk of severe psychosomatic strain. Limitations of this study include the use of self-report measures and of a convenience sample, which could lead to common method and selection biases. Future research should re-evaluate the predictive usefulness of the POS scale as a predictor of other outcomes of work-related stress such as anxiety and depression, performance, and turnover intentions.","PeriodicalId":48018,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42170004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000778
Jessica Röhner, D. Iliescu
“The IAT Is Dead, Long Live the IAT [. . .]” is the title of an article that might reflect the impression of many researchers who are unsure about whether IATs are useful measures or not (Jost, 2019, p. 10). A Web of Science search on the number of IAT-related publications shows that although IAT research has increased over the years, there are several ups and downs (Figure 1). This editorial provides insights into some issues that may partly explain this phenomenon and encourage researchers to use in-depth analyses to help identify the conditions in which IATs may be useful.
{"title":"On the Death of Implicit Association Tests (IATs)","authors":"Jessica Röhner, D. Iliescu","doi":"10.1027/1015-5759/a000778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000778","url":null,"abstract":"“The IAT Is Dead, Long Live the IAT [. . .]” is the title of an article that might reflect the impression of many researchers who are unsure about whether IATs are useful measures or not (Jost, 2019, p. 10). A Web of Science search on the number of IAT-related publications shows that although IAT research has increased over the years, there are several ups and downs (Figure 1). This editorial provides insights into some issues that may partly explain this phenomenon and encourage researchers to use in-depth analyses to help identify the conditions in which IATs may be useful.","PeriodicalId":48018,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42764233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000717
Alice Lucarini, Giulia Fuochi, Alberto Voci
Abstract: The present multi-sample study ( N = 723) explores in depth the construct of dispositional compassion and its assessment, relying on two recent multidimensional scales: the Sussex-Oxford Compassion Scale – toward Others (SOCS-O; Gu et al., 2020 ) and the Compassion Scale (CS; Pommier et al., 2020 ). First, we validated the two scales in Italian, finding substantial support for their original factor structures and second-order solutions aggregating first-order factors into a general dispositional compassion factor. Second, we tested the simultaneous links between SOCS-O and CS facets via network analysis to identify which facets stand at the core of dispositional compassion or are more distal. Kindness (CS) and Feeling (SOCS-O) facets were more central components of compassion, leaning on the ability to tune in to (CS Mindfulness) and understand others’ pain (SOCS-O Universality) and connected to the urge to alleviate that pain (SOCS-O Acting). Third, we explored the nomological net of correlates of dispositional compassion and examined the differences between the SOCS-O and the CS in their relationship with the correlates. Results supported the convergent and discriminant validity of the scales and showed that the SOCS-O, compared to the CS, may capture some emotionally aversive sides of compassion.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:本研究采用两种最新的多维度量表:Sussex-Oxford compassion Scale - towards Others (SOCS-O; SOCS-O);Gu et al.， 2020)和同情量表(CS;Pommier et al.， 2020)。首先，我们用意大利语验证了这两个量表，发现它们的原始因素结构和二阶解决方案得到了实质性的支持，二阶解决方案将一阶因素聚集成一个一般的性格同情因素。其次，我们通过网络分析测试了soc - o和CS方面之间的同时联系，以确定哪些方面处于性格同情的核心或更远。善良(CS)和情感(soc - o)方面是同情的更核心组成部分，依赖于调整(CS正念)和理解他人痛苦(soc - o普遍性)的能力，并与减轻痛苦的冲动(soc - o行动)联系在一起。第三，我们探索了性格同情相关因素的法理网络，并考察了社会情感感知与社会情感感知在与相关因素的关系上的差异。结果支持了量表的收敛效度和区分效度，并表明与CS相比，soc - o可能捕捉到同情的某些情绪厌恶方面。
{"title":"A Deep Dive Into Compassion","authors":"Alice Lucarini, Giulia Fuochi, Alberto Voci","doi":"10.1027/1015-5759/a000717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000717","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The present multi-sample study ( N = 723) explores in depth the construct of dispositional compassion and its assessment, relying on two recent multidimensional scales: the Sussex-Oxford Compassion Scale – toward Others (SOCS-O; Gu et al., 2020 ) and the Compassion Scale (CS; Pommier et al., 2020 ). First, we validated the two scales in Italian, finding substantial support for their original factor structures and second-order solutions aggregating first-order factors into a general dispositional compassion factor. Second, we tested the simultaneous links between SOCS-O and CS facets via network analysis to identify which facets stand at the core of dispositional compassion or are more distal. Kindness (CS) and Feeling (SOCS-O) facets were more central components of compassion, leaning on the ability to tune in to (CS Mindfulness) and understand others’ pain (SOCS-O Universality) and connected to the urge to alleviate that pain (SOCS-O Acting). Third, we explored the nomological net of correlates of dispositional compassion and examined the differences between the SOCS-O and the CS in their relationship with the correlates. Results supported the convergent and discriminant validity of the scales and showed that the SOCS-O, compared to the CS, may capture some emotionally aversive sides of compassion.","PeriodicalId":48018,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000785
Anastasia Ushakova, K. Mckenzie, C. Hughes, Johanna Stoye, A. Murray
Abstract: Understanding how levels, patterns, predictors, and outcomes of mental health issues differs in students relative to non-students can inform more effective and better tailored prevention and intervention for mental health in higher education contexts. However, comparisons of mental health in student and non-student groups depend on the critical but seldom-tested assumption of measurement invariance. In this study, we use data from the UK household longitudinal study (UKLS) to evaluate the measurement invariance of the scores from a commonly used mental health measure: the General Health Questionnaire 12-item version (GHQ-12) across students and non-students. Using a bifactor model to take account of wording factors we found measurement invariance up to the scalar level for students and non-student groups. This provides support for the use of instruments for comparing mental health issue levels and candidate risk factors and outcomes across students and non-students.
{"title":"Measurement Invariance of the General Health Questionnaire GHQ 12-Item Version (GHQ-12)","authors":"Anastasia Ushakova, K. Mckenzie, C. Hughes, Johanna Stoye, A. Murray","doi":"10.1027/1015-5759/a000785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000785","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Understanding how levels, patterns, predictors, and outcomes of mental health issues differs in students relative to non-students can inform more effective and better tailored prevention and intervention for mental health in higher education contexts. However, comparisons of mental health in student and non-student groups depend on the critical but seldom-tested assumption of measurement invariance. In this study, we use data from the UK household longitudinal study (UKLS) to evaluate the measurement invariance of the scores from a commonly used mental health measure: the General Health Questionnaire 12-item version (GHQ-12) across students and non-students. Using a bifactor model to take account of wording factors we found measurement invariance up to the scalar level for students and non-student groups. This provides support for the use of instruments for comparing mental health issue levels and candidate risk factors and outcomes across students and non-students.","PeriodicalId":48018,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45998260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000781
N. Dippel, Johannes Zimmermann, E. Brakemeier, H. Christiansen
Abstract: The interpersonal circumplex (IPC) is an established model to describe individual and dyadic interpersonal phenomena along the orthogonal dimensions of control and affiliation. This study aims to adapt and validate the Impact Message Inventory (IMI) to assess impact messages (perceptions of and covert reactions to interpersonal styles) in parents and children according to the IPC. We adapted the German IMI ( Caspar et al., 2016 ) for a young age. Overall, 531 parents and 162 children completed the IMI@YoungAge (IMI@YA). We investigated the reliability and circumplex structure of the octant scales. We also examined the complementarity of impact messages of parents and children and associations with health-related constructs. Most IMI@YA scales demonstrated acceptable internal consistency. The expected circumplex structure could not be replicated. When using factor scores based on exploratory factor analysis, we were able to confirm the complementarity hypothesis in terms of affiliation, but not control. We detected low-to-moderate correlations with health-related constructs. The IMI@YA aims to assess the impact messages of parents and children, but the lack of circumplex structure implies that the items and scales need to be adjusted. We discuss the IPC’s potential for investigating parent-child interaction.
摘要人际环是沿控制和隶属正交维度描述个体和双元人际现象的一种已建立的模型。本研究旨在根据IPC调整和验证影响信息量表(IMI)，以评估父母和儿童的影响信息(对人际关系风格的感知和隐蔽反应)。我们将德国的IMI (Caspar et al.， 2016)适用于年轻人。总共有531名家长和162名孩子完成了IMI@YoungAge (IMI@YA)。我们研究了八象限量表的可靠性和复形结构。我们还研究了父母和儿童的影响信息的互补性以及与健康相关结构的关联。大多数IMI@YA量表显示出可接受的内部一致性。无法复制预期的环形结构。当使用基于探索性因子分析的因子得分时，我们能够在隶属关系方面证实互补性假设，但不能控制。我们检测到与健康相关的构念存在低到中等的相关性。IMI@YA的目的是评估父母和孩子的影响信息，但缺乏复杂的结构意味着项目和尺度需要调整。我们讨论了IPC在调查亲子互动方面的潜力。
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