Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy最新文献

Background: People with intellectual disability experience inequities in access to primary healthcare and pharmacists are well positioned to support this population. This study aimed to co-create a pharmacist-led primary care service framework for people with intellectual disability, grounded in participatory principles and informed by stakeholders lived experience.

Methods: Within a Participatory Action Research approach, two co-design workshops (online) were conducted with 18 stakeholders, including people with intellectual disability, carers, and health professionals, in the Newcastle/Hunter Region, Australia. A convergent qualitative approach integrated workshop transcripts, field notes, and facilitator debriefs via reflexive thematic analysis to iteratively develop and validate themes. Nominal Group Technique was used to prioritise and refine service concepts.

Results: Stakeholders co-developed a preliminary six-domain service framework: (1) Medication Management; (2) Preventative Care; (3) Monitoring and Referral; (4) Interprofessional Collaboration; (5) Communication and Education; and (6) Availability and Accessibility. Key features included structured chronic disease screening, immunisation delivery, flagging of physical challenges to prompt follow-up, shared care planning across professionals, and communication supports ensuring health literacy.

Conclusion: The participatory co-design process produced a preliminary, stakeholder-validated, multi-dimensional framework. Given the limited lived-experience representation and short duration of engagement, the framework should be considered an early prototype requiring further refinement, pilot testing, and broader validation before generalisation.

Purpose: Pharmacists face increasing demands in the workplace, particularly in community pharmacy settings where staffing shortages, high workloads, and expanding clinical roles contribute to burnout. While burnout has been widely documented, there is limited research exploring other aspects of work-related quality of life, such as compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction. This study investigates work-related quality of life among community pharmacists in the United States focusing on burnout, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction.

Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive survey was administered to community pharmacists using the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) instrument. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA (p = 0.05 set a priori). Open-ended responses were analyzed by three researchers to identify recurring themes.

Results: Among 202 community pharmacists, most reported moderate levels of compassion satisfaction (76.5 %), burnout (68.6 %), and secondary traumatic stress (68.6 %). Pharmacists dispensing over 150 prescriptions per day had significantly higher burnout scores compared to those dispensing 100-149 prescriptions per day (p = 0.02). No other practice or demographic variables were statistically significantly associated with ProQOL scores. Thematic analysis identified three core themes: contributors to burnout (high workload, low staffing, chain pharmacy pressures); consequences of burnout (emotional exhaustion, disengagement); and compassion satisfaction as a protective factor linked to meaningful patient relationships.

Conclusion: Findings highlight the emotional impact of community pharmacy practice on pharmacists, as well as the negative impact of burnout and compassion fatigue on patient care and relationships. Results support the need for organizational strategies that enhance pharmacist well-being through improved workplace conditions and professional fulfillment.