Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports最新文献_第7页

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Pre-Qin and Qin-Han management of wheat agriculture on the southern Loess Plateau 黄土高原南部地区先秦、秦汉小麦农业经营

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105564

Pengfei Sheng , Jingwen Liao , Yining Xue , Edward Allen , Kezhou Xie , Yong’an Wang , Jianrong Chong , Xingshan Lei

Covering roughly the area of modern south Shaanxi of China, the southern Loess Plateau emerged as a core region in the development of Bronze to early Iron Age agricultural technology and culture. The introduction of wheat was a significant turning point in this process, increasing land under cultivation and dietary complexity. To date, specific management practices and adaptation strategies concerning wheat cultivation remain poorly understood. This study employs stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of charred wheat remains from the Zhouyuan (周原) and Yucun (遇村) sites in order to reconstruct farmland management practices across three significant historical phases covering the period 3200–2000 BP: the proto-Zhou, late Western Zhou-Spring and Autumn, and Qin-Han eras. The results indicate asynchronous changes in Δ¹³C (plant-CO₂) and δ¹⁵N values of wheat seeds at Zhouyuan and Yucun across each period. Zhouyuan gradually exhibited improved water supply and fertilization conditions compared to Yucun. This reflects differences in farming strategies and levels and localized intensity of investment in complex agriculture. These findings reveal the impact of irrigation infrastructure development on early Chinese agricultural growth, as well as highlighting the adaptability of ancient societies on the Loess Plateau.

黄土高原南部大致覆盖了现代中国陕南地区，是青铜器时代至铁器时代早期农业技术和文化发展的核心地区。小麦的引进是这一过程中的一个重要转折点，增加了耕地面积和饮食的复杂性。迄今为止，关于小麦种植的具体管理实践和适应策略仍然知之甚少。本研究采用稳定的碳氮同位素分析了周远和榆村遗址的焦化小麦遗迹，以重建3200-2000 BP三个重要历史阶段的农田管理实践：原始周、西周晚期、春秋和秦汉时代。结果表明，周源和雨村小麦种子的Δ13C（植物- co2）和δ15N值在不同时期呈非同步变化。与豫村相比，周源的供水和施肥条件逐渐改善。这反映了农业战略和水平的差异以及复杂农业投资的局部强度。这些发现揭示了灌溉基础设施发展对中国早期农业生长的影响，并突出了黄土高原古代社会的适应性。

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引用次数: 0

What about the delta (ẟ13C)? A case for brackish fish in Mediterranean palaeodietary isotopic baselines delta （ẟ13C）呢？地中海古饮食同位素基线中的咸淡鱼案例

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105562

Rachel M. Winter , Matthew von Tersch , Michael W. Dee , Canan Çakırlar , Michelle Alexander

While a lot of paleodietary studies in the Mediterranean region have reported ẟ¹³C and ẟ¹⁵N values for humans, similar data for aquatic resources is much more limited. The aim of our paper is to make relevant data available for isotopic faunal baselines and future paleodietary research in the eastern Mediterranean. We analysed the collagen extracted from the bones of freshwater and brackish fish from two coastal archaeological sites in the Levant, Kinet Höyük (n = 21) (1550 BCE − 14th c. AD, present day Turkey) and Tell el-Burak (n = 8) (975–332 BCE, present day Lebanon). From the original 29 bones sampled, 17 (59 %) produced collagen which met quality control criteria and we present the corresponding ẟ¹³C and ẟ¹⁵N values here. Whereas freshwater and marine ecosystems in an area typically have distinctive ẟ¹³C values, paleodietary interpretations regarding aquatic resource consumption can be challenging when isotopic values reflecting the range of exploitable aquatic environments are not available. Bearing this in mind, our data set is used to demonstrate the potential range of ẟ¹³C values (−27.97 ‰ to −10.87 ‰) of freshwater and brackish environments along the Levantine coast, encouraging future palaeodietary studies in the region to consider this more robust isoscape for aquatic resources.

虽然地中海地区的许多古饮食研究报告了人类的ẟ13C和ẟ15N值，但水生资源的类似数据要有限得多。本文的目的是为今后东地中海地区的古饮食研究和同位素动物群基线提供相关数据。我们分析了从黎凡特的两个沿海考古遗址，Kinet Höyük (n = 21)（公元前1550 -公元14年，今土耳其）和Tell el-Burak (n = 8)（公元前975-332年，今黎巴嫩）的淡水和咸淡鱼骨头中提取的胶原蛋白。从最初的29块骨头样本中，17块（59%）产生的胶原蛋白符合质量控制标准，我们在这里给出了相应的ẟ13C和ẟ15N值。虽然一个地区的淡水和海洋生态系统通常具有独特的ẟ13C值，但当无法获得反映可开发水生环境范围的同位素值时，关于水生资源消耗的古饮食解释可能具有挑战性。考虑到这一点，我们的数据集用于证明沿地中海东部沿海淡水和咸淡水环境ẟ13C值的潜在范围（- 27.97‰至- 10.87‰），鼓励该地区未来的古饮食研究考虑这个更强大的水生资源等景观。

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引用次数: 0

Biomolecular evidence of ancient chickens on the Korean Peninsula: ZooMS analysis of avian remains from the Gungok-ri site, South Korea 朝鲜半岛古代鸡的生物分子证据：对韩国Gungok-ri遗址鸟类遗骸的zoom分析

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105561

Songyi Kim , Hyounggon Bae , Joo Hee Chung , Hee Young Yun , Eun-Ji Won , Kyungcheol Choy

The Korean Peninsula plays a crucial role in tracing the dispersal of domestic chickens across East Asia. However, distinguishing domestic chickens from wild pheasants remains challenging in Korean archaeology due to their close morphological similarities. In this study, we analyzed bone collagen peptides from 14 Phasianidae specimens excavated at the Gungok-ri site using collagen peptide mass fingerprinting (ZooMS) to assess the presence of domestic chickens in ancient Korea. The Gungok-ri site, located in southwestern Korea, is an important archaeological site from the Proto–Three Kingdoms period. Our ZooMS analysis identified five of the Phasianidae remains as chickens (Gallus gallus). Radiocarbon dating places these identified chickens between 80 CE and 361 CE. Additionally, their enriched δ¹⁵N values (∼4 ‰) suggest that these chickens were domesticated and managed by the inhabitants of the Gungok-ri. These stable isotope results provide clear evidence that domestic chickens were raised and managed on the Korean Peninsula during the Proto–Three Kingdoms period (108 BCE-313 CE).

朝鲜半岛在追踪家鸡在东亚扩散的过程中起着至关重要的作用。然而，在韩国考古学中，区分家鸡和野鸡仍然是一项挑战，因为它们在形态上非常相似。在这项研究中，我们使用胶原肽质量指纹图谱（ZooMS）分析了在Gungok-ri遗址出土的14个鸡科标本中的骨胶原肽，以评估古代韩国家鸡的存在。位于韩国西南部的庚谷里遗址是原始三国时期的重要考古遗址。我们的ZooMS分析鉴定了5具鸡科遗骸（鸡）。放射性碳年代测定表明这些鸡的年龄在公元80年到361年之间。此外，它们丰富的δ15N值（~ 4‰）表明这些鸡是由Gungok-ri的居民驯养和管理的。这些稳定的同位素结果提供了明确的证据，表明在原始三国时期（公元前108年至公元前313年），朝鲜半岛上就有人饲养和管理家鸡。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic and historical perspectives on the early medieval inhumations from the Menga dolmen, Antequera (Spain) 西班牙安特奎拉蒙加墓室中世纪早期墓葬的遗传学和历史研究

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105559

Marina Silva , Leonardo García Sanjuán , Alessandro Fichera , Gonzalo Oteo-García , M.George B. Foody , Luis Efrén Fernández Rodríguez , Verónica Navarrete Pendón , Amira K. Bennison , Maria Pala , Pedro Soares , David Reich , Ceiridwen J. Edwards , Martin B. Richards

The Menga dolmen, part of the UNESCO World Heritage site at Antequera (Malaga, Spain), was built in the fourth millennium BCE in the Neolithic period, but has a long biography extending to historical times. We analysed DNA from two individuals, radiocarbon dated to the 8th–11th centuries CE, who were buried in the atrium, aligned with the dolmen’s axis of symmetry. DNA content was very low and highly degraded, in line with previous observations from (pre)historic Mediterranean Iberia. We present here the genetic analysis of one of the individuals, following SNP-enrichment. Menga1 carried uniparental lineages typically found in European populations (but an mtDNA lineage shared with modern North African individuals), and at the autosomal level also displayed North African- and Levantine-related ancestry, consistent with the overall trend in the region during this period. We propose an interpretation for these inhumations based on historical accounts, framed within the wider archaeological context of the medieval phenomenon of reuse of prehistoric monuments in Iberia.

位于安特奎拉（西班牙马拉加）的孟加石门是联合国教科文组织世界遗产的一部分，建于公元前四千年的新石器时代，但其历史悠久，可以追溯到历史时期。我们分析了两具尸体的DNA，放射性碳可以追溯到公元8 - 11世纪，他们被埋在中庭，与墓室的对称轴对齐。DNA含量非常低且高度退化，与以前在（史前）地中海伊比利亚半岛的观察结果一致。我们在这里提出的遗传分析的个人之一，以下snp富集。Menga1携带的单系血统通常在欧洲人群中发现（但与现代北非个体共享的mtDNA谱系），在常染色体水平上也显示北非和黎凡特相关的祖先，与该地区在这一时期的总体趋势一致。我们根据历史记载，在伊比利亚史前纪念碑再利用的中世纪现象的更广泛的考古背景下，提出了这些土葬的解释。

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引用次数: 0

Tracing invisible hearths ando daily routines through carbonised plant remains and geochemical signals in an Early Iron Age smithy at Pungrt Hillfort, Slovenia 在斯洛文尼亚Pungrt Hillfort的早期铁器时代的铁匠铺里，通过碳化的植物遗骸和地球化学信号追踪看不见的壁炉和日常生活

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105550

L. Gruškovnjak , T. Tolar , A. Prijatelj , B. Šetina Batič , P. Vojaković , H. Grčman , M. Črešnar

This study addresses the challenge of locating forge hearths, which are often archaeologically invisible. Specifically, we examine this issue in the Early Iron Age smithy (Building 24) at Pungrt Hillfort (central Slovenia). To tackle this problem, we analysed charred archaeobotanical remains and sediment samples from the smithy’s floor. Our findings indicate that magnetic susceptibility measurements are insufficient for identifying the hearth’s location in contexts characterised by magnetic debris and above-ground fire installations. Instead, the distribution of charred archaeobotanical remains provides the most reliable evidence. In Building 24, these remains successfully revealed the locations of both the forge and charcoal storage. When combined with geochemical data, they also provided insights into the structured use of space within the building. The results further suggest that the low archaeological visibility of forge hearths may be due to their elevation above ground level. Additionally, this study demonstrates that charred archaeobotanical remains are primarily linked to combustion and hearth-cleaning activities, which may skew interpretations of plant use in past societies. However, with systematic sampling of primary contexts, aspects of daily plant-related activities can be discerned. In Building 24, these included hazelnut roasting, potential legume roasting, and cereal dehusking—standard domestic practices suggesting that the blacksmith’s workshop was situated within a domestic building. The evidence indicating flatbread baking is of particular significance, marking one of the earliest documented examples of this type of bread preparation in Early Iron Age Slovenia. This discovery underscores that the smithing hearth was not exclusively used for specialised metalworking but also supported household food production.

这项研究解决了寻找锻造炉的挑战，这些炉在考古学上通常是看不见的。具体来说，我们在Pungrt Hillfort（斯洛文尼亚中部）的早期铁器时代铁匠（24号楼）中研究了这个问题。为了解决这个问题，我们分析了烧焦的考古遗迹和铁匠地板上的沉积物样本。我们的研究结果表明，磁化率测量不足以确定在具有磁性碎片和地上火灾装置特征的环境中炉膛的位置。相反，烧焦的考古遗迹的分布提供了最可靠的证据。在24号楼，这些遗迹成功地揭示了锻炉和木炭储存的位置。当与地球化学数据相结合时，它们还提供了对建筑物内空间结构使用的见解。结果进一步表明，锻造炉的考古能见度低可能是由于它们高于地面。此外，这项研究表明，烧焦的考古植物遗骸主要与燃烧和清洁卫生活动有关，这可能会扭曲对过去社会中植物使用的解释。然而，通过对原始环境的系统采样，可以识别日常植物相关活动的各个方面。在24号楼，这些包括榛子烘焙、潜在的豆类烘焙和谷物脱壳标准的家庭实践，表明铁匠的车间位于家庭建筑内。表明大饼烘焙的证据特别重要，标志着铁器时代早期斯洛文尼亚最早记录的这种面包制作例子之一。这一发现强调了锻造炉不仅用于专门的金属加工，而且还用于家庭食品生产。

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引用次数: 0

The Qal’a of Beni Ḥammād (medieval Algeria) and glaze technology: Technological transfers, trade and local production 贝尼的al 'a Ḥammād（中世纪阿尔及利亚）和釉料技术：技术转让、贸易和当地生产

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105548

Akila Djellid , Elena Salinas , Trinitat Pradell

The Qal’a of Beni Ḥammād served as the capital of the Hammadids in the 11th century and constituted an important enclave for understanding commercial, political and economic relations in the Mediterranean and central Maghreb − present-day Algeria- during the Middle Ages. Despite its importance in the history of the central Maghreb, it is largely unknown in terms of material culture and technology. For the first time, a representative sample of glazed pottery from old archaeological excavations at the Qal’a Beni Ḥammād has been selected in order to characterise them, shed some light on their production and consumption, and to establish possible links with other Mediterranean enclaves. A ceramic assemblage is examined using a combination of microanalytical techniques (FESEM-EDS, OM, micro-XRD), including the recent discovery of a kiln rod. Two main ceramic groups have been identified, the largest of probable local production, in addition to some overseas imports. The ceramics show a wide range of glazing techniques and decoration methods, including lustre, a technical diversity which indicates the development that glazing technology had reached in the central Maghreb during the 11th C. Finally, the presence of tin oxide in the glazes to achieve opacity confirms the widespread availability and use of tin in the pottery industry during the Hammadid period.

贝尼岛Ḥammād在11世纪是哈马迪德的首都，在中世纪是了解地中海和马格里布中部（今天的阿尔及利亚）商业、政治和经济关系的重要飞地。尽管它在马格里布中部的历史上很重要，但就物质文化和技术而言，它在很大程度上是未知的。这是第一次从古考古发掘的Qal 'a Beni Ḥammād中选择了具有代表性的釉面陶器样本，以表征它们，揭示它们的生产和消费，并建立与其他地中海飞地的可能联系。使用微量分析技术（FESEM-EDS， OM, micro-XRD）对陶瓷组合进行了检查，包括最近发现的窑棒。已经确定了两个主要的陶瓷组，除了一些海外进口外，最大的可能是本地生产。这些陶瓷展示了各种各样的上釉技术和装饰方法，包括光泽，这种技术的多样性表明了上釉技术在11世纪时在马格里布中部的发展。最后，釉中氧化锡的存在以达到不透明度，证实了锡在哈马迪德时期陶器工业中的广泛可用性和使用。

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引用次数: 0

Taphonomic analysis of Terebralia palustris assemblage from the prehistoric midden site of Bambhanka near Dholavira, District Kachchh, Gujarat (India) 印度古吉拉特邦Kachchh区Dholavira附近Bambhanka史前中期遗址古翅蕨（Terebralia palustris）的类群分类分析

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105554

Ungka Padi , Sharada Channarayapatna , V.N. Prabhakar , Vikrant Jain

‘Shell-middens’ represent a unique category of archaeological deposits of anthropic origin, comprising accumulations of discarded and broken shells intermixed with cultural objects like stone stools. Typically located along coastal shorelines, they preserve pertinent information about the site’s paleoenvironment (eg, mangroves and swamps), the ancient inhabitants’ subsistence strategies, and their socio-techno-economic culture(s). Midden sites, recently discovered near the Bronze-Age Harappan Civilisation site of Dholavira in Western India, and the sixth-millennium BCE antiquity of one of them, called Bambhanka, has enabled its correlation with the Makran coast sites datable between the eighth and fifth millennium BP. This has resulted in a more nuanced understanding of the region’s prehistory, pushed back by at least two millennia prior to the Harappans’ emergence. The dominant gastropod identified at Bambhanka is Terebralia palustris, a mangrove species present in varying states of integrity. Quantitative measures like NISP (773) and NRE (264) counts, macro and microscopic (stereo and scanning electron) analyses, and X-ray diffraction have been employed to discern the population structure and agents causing their depositional patterns, drawing taxonomic and taphonomic parallels with evidences from Pakistan’s Las Bela Karachi and Lower Sindh regions. Continued exploitation of similar shell species has also been recorded in other Harappan inland sites as well like Mohenjodaro and Lothal, besides Dholavira. After emphasising the significance of this species and the sites created by its remains in the past, this paper attempts to understand the change in the shells’ morphology with unusual breakage patterns that primarily resulted from anthropogenic actions with some post-depositional influence, and to demonstrate that they are not mere natural occurrences.

“贝壳堆”代表了人类起源的一种独特的考古沉积物，包括废弃和破碎的贝壳堆积，与石凳等文化物品混合在一起。它们通常位于沿海岸线，保存着有关该遗址古环境（如红树林和沼泽）、古代居民的生存策略以及他们的社会技术经济文化的相关信息。最近在印度西部多拉维拉（Dholavira）的青铜时代哈拉帕文明遗址附近发现的米登遗址，以及其中一个公元前六千年的Bambhanka遗址，使其与公元前八千年至五千年之间的马克兰海岸遗址相关联。这使得人们对该地区的史前史有了更细致的了解，这一历史可以追溯到哈拉帕人出现之前至少两千年。在Bambhanka发现的主要腹足动物是Terebralia palustris，这是一种红树林物种，以不同的完整状态存在。NISP（773）和NRE（264）计数、宏观和微观（立体和扫描电子）分析以及x射线衍射等定量测量方法已被用于辨别种群结构和导致其沉积模式的因素，并与巴基斯坦拉斯贝拉卡拉奇和下信德省的证据进行分类和分类对比。除了多拉维拉，在哈拉帕岛的其他内陆地区，如摩亨佐达罗和洛塔尔，也记录了对类似贝壳物种的持续开发。在强调了这一物种的重要性及其在过去的遗迹所创造的遗址之后，本文试图理解贝壳形态的变化与不寻常的破碎模式，这些模式主要是由人类活动和一些沉积后的影响造成的，并证明它们不仅仅是自然发生的。

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引用次数: 0

Animalising the Islamic Green Revolution: zooarchaeology and socio-ecological change in the Islamic Far West 伊斯兰绿色革命的动物化：伊斯兰远西的动物考古学和社会生态变化

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105553

Marcos García García

The impact of the medieval Arab expansion on agriculture in the Middle East, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean was defined by Andrew M. Watson, 1974, Watson, 1983 as an “agricultural revolution,” although both the use of the term and the nature of this impact have been the subject of considerable debate. Archaeological research into this phenomenon has focused primarily on specific issues—such as the archaeobotanical identification of crop dispersals or the analysis of irrigation systems—while devoting far less attention to the role of animal husbandry in this process of historical and agrarian transformation.

This paper pursues a twofold objective. First, drawing on ethnographic and agroecological data on the traditional functioning of pre-mechanised agrarian systems, it offers a reappraisal of the Islamic Green Revolution model that challenges one of its central postulates: the alleged structural disassociation between irrigated agriculture and livestock husbandry. Second, it presents a preliminary, macro-scale and essentially qualitative cross-cutting analysis of a set of zooarchaeological results—focusing primarily on evidence from al-Andalus—which are shedding new light on changes in the management and exploitation of animals as part of the processes of agrarian change associated with the medieval Arab expansion.

中世纪阿拉伯扩张对中东、中亚和地中海地区农业的影响被Andrew M. Watson （1974, Watson, 1983）定义为“农业革命”，尽管该术语的使用和这种影响的性质一直是相当大的争论的主题。对这一现象的考古研究主要集中在具体问题上，如对作物扩散的考古植物学鉴定或灌溉系统的分析，而对畜牧业在这一历史和农业转型过程中的作用的关注要少得多。本文追求双重目标。首先，利用关于前机械化农业系统传统功能的人种学和农业生态学数据，它对伊斯兰绿色革命模式进行了重新评估，挑战了其核心假设之一：所谓的灌溉农业和畜牧业之间的结构性分离。其次，它对一系列动物考古结果进行了初步的、宏观的、本质上是定性的交叉分析，主要集中在安达卢斯的证据上，这些结果揭示了动物管理和利用的变化，这是与中世纪阿拉伯扩张相关的农业变化过程的一部分。

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引用次数: 0

Subsistence strategies in Bronze Age south-eastern Iberia: insights from Motilla del Azuer Phase 2 (ca. 1950–1875 cal BCE) 青铜时代伊比利亚东南部的生存策略：来自Motilla del Azuer第二阶段（约公元前1950-1875年）的见解

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105547

Alejandro Beltrán Ruiz , José Antonio Riquelme Cantal , Fernando Molina González , Trinidad Nájera Colino , Nelson J. Almeida

This study analyses Phase 2 (ca. 1950–1875 cal BCE) of Motilla del Azuer (Daimiel, Ciudad Real) to refine current understanding of subsistence strategies and livestock management. Zooarchaeological analysis reveals a predominance of caprines, followed by pig and cattle. Other domestic taxa, including horse and dog, are present but less abundant. Wild taxa are also represented, with leporids standing out, while large game such as red deer and wild goat are comparatively scarce. Taphonomic analysis of a subsample shows widespread anthropogenic modifications, including butchery marks and marrow extraction, as well as frequent burning traces, mostly mild to moderate, probably related to culinary practices. When compared with previous studies, the results indicate both stability and shifts in herd composition and slaughter patterns.

At a broader scale, the assemblage fits within regional Bronze Age trends of increasing caprine exploitation, while differing from Argaric (ca. 2200–1550 cal BCE) contexts in the relative roles of cattle and pigs. The scarcity of large game appears to be a defining feature of the Motilla culture, contrasting with Levantine and Argaric sites, where big game hunting played a more significant role. These results highlight the adaptive strategies of Motilla del Azuer communities to conditions of aridity and demographic growth, and provide new insights into the economic and social dynamics of Bronze Age southeastern Iberia.

本研究分析了Motilla del Azuer （Ciudad Real Daimiel）的第二阶段（约公元前1950-1875 cal），以完善当前对生存策略和牲畜管理的理解。动物考古学分析显示，主要是山羊，其次是猪和牛。其他家养分类群，包括马和狗，也有，但数量较少。野生类群也有代表，其中以leporids突出，而马鹿和野山羊等大型猎物相对较少。对一份亚样本进行的语言分析显示，人类活动对其造成了广泛的影响，包括屠宰痕迹和骨髓提取，以及频繁的燃烧痕迹，这些痕迹大多是轻微到中度的，可能与烹饪实践有关。与以前的研究相比，结果表明畜群组成和屠宰模式既稳定又变化。在更广泛的范围内，该组合符合区域青铜器时代增加山羊开采的趋势，而在牛和猪的相对角色方面与Argaric（约公元前2200-1550 cal）不同。大型动物的稀缺似乎是Motilla文化的一个决定性特征，与黎凡特和阿加尔地区形成鲜明对比，在那里大型动物狩猎扮演着更重要的角色。这些结果突出了Motilla del Azuer社区对干旱和人口增长条件的适应策略，并为研究青铜时代伊比利亚东南部的经济和社会动态提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0