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Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of the Herth Hope Index in Spanish Cancer Patients. 西班牙癌症患者赫思希望指数的心理计量特性和测量不变性。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2023.86
Caterina Calderon, Pere J Ferrando, Urbano Lorenzo-Seva, Estrella Ferreira, Elena Sorribes, Raquel Hernández, Irina Planellas-Kircnher, Luka Mihic-Gongora, Maria J Corral, Paula Jiménez-Fonseca

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties, differential item functioning, factorial invariance, and convergent validity of the Spanish version of the Herth Hope Index (HHI) in patients with cancer.

Method: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to explore the scale, dimensionality, functioning of items, test for strong measurement invariance across sex, age, tumor site, and expected survival, and an extended structural equation model to assess external validity in a cross-sectional, multicenter, prospective study of 863 cancer patients from 15 Spanish hospitals.

Results: The results do not support the original 3-factor scale but instead suggest a one-factor structure, which explained 62% of the common variance. Scores from the unidimensional structure exhibited satisfactory reliability (ω = .88). A strong invariance solution demonstrated excellent fit across sex, age, tumor site, and survival. HHI exhibited substantial associations with resilience coping strategies and spiritual well-being.

Conclusions: The findings of our study contribute to the diversity of earlier empirical findings regarding the construct of hope. Despite this, our results indicate that the Spanish version of the HHI is a short, easy-to-administer, valid, reliable tool for evaluating cancer patients’ levels of hope.

研究背景本研究旨在评估赫氏希望指数(HHI)西班牙文版在癌症患者中的心理计量特性、差异项目功能、因子不变性和收敛有效性:方法:在一项横断面、多中心、前瞻性研究中,对来自 15 家西班牙医院的 863 名癌症患者进行了探索性和确证性因素分析,以探讨量表、维度、项目功能,检验不同性别、年龄、肿瘤部位和预期生存期的测量是否具有较强的不变性,并采用扩展结构方程模型评估外部效度:结果:研究结果不支持最初的三因素量表,而是建议采用单因素结构,该结构解释了 62% 的共同方差。单因素结构的得分显示出令人满意的可靠性(ω = .88)。在性别、年龄、肿瘤部位和存活率方面,一个强大的不变量解决方案表现出了极佳的拟合度。HHI与复原力应对策略和精神幸福感有很大的关联:我们的研究结果丰富了早期关于希望的经验性发现。尽管如此,我们的研究结果表明,西班牙文版 HHI 是一种简短、易于使用、有效、可靠的工具,可用于评估癌症患者的希望水平。
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引用次数: 0
'Only My Truth Can Save Us All': The Impact of Socioeconomic Threat and its Emotional Appraisals on the Monopoly on Truth and Political Extremism. 只有我的真理才能拯救我们所有人":社会经济威胁及其情感评价对真理垄断和政治极端主义的影响》(The Impact of Socioeconomic Threat and its Emotional Appraisals on the Monopoly on Truth and Political Extremism)。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2023.55
Marcos Dono, Mónica Alzate, José M Sabucedo

Background: Political extremism is one of the main threats to democratic societies and it has been related to socioeconomic threats like COVID-19. We argue that socioeconomic threat perceptions increase Monopoly on Truth (MoT), a tendency to conceive personal values as undeniable truths that are worthy of being imposed. MoT will then prompt a rise in extremist intentions.

Method: These hypotheses were tested in two experimental designs ( N = 274 & 484). Study 1 manipulated socioeconomic threat, while Study 2 added a manipulation of the emotional appraisal of that threat.

Results: In Study 1, MoT scores were significantly different and higher in the high-threat condition. In Study 2, threat levels did not cause statistically significant differences when emotional appraisal of the threat was manipulated, with anger causing MoT to increase. Study 2 also showed that MoT works as a precursor of extremist intentions.

Conclusions: Socioeconomic threats and their emotional appraisals raise MoT and, indirectly, extremism. Beyond deepening our understanding of the causes of MoT, the current findings highlight the implications of different narratives framing socioeconomic crises that may become a facilitating factor of extremism.

背景:政治极端主义是民主社会的主要威胁之一,它与 COVID-19 等社会经济威胁有关。我们认为,社会经济威胁感会增加 "对真理的垄断"(Monopoly on Truth,简称MoT),即一种将个人价值观视为值得强加于人的不可否认的真理的倾向。因此,MoT 会促使极端主义意向上升:通过两项实验设计(N = 274 & 484)对上述假设进行了检验。研究1操纵了社会经济威胁,而研究2则增加了对这种威胁的情感评价的操纵:结果:在研究 1 中,高威胁条件下的 MoT 分数有显著差异且更高。在研究 2 中,当对威胁进行情感评价时,威胁程度并不会造成统计学上的显著差异,而愤怒会导致 MoT 增加。研究2还表明,情绪化倾向是极端主义意图的前兆:结论:社会经济威胁及其情绪评价会提高情绪波动性,并间接导致极端主义。当前的研究结果不仅加深了我们对 "情绪化威胁 "成因的理解,还强调了不同的社会经济危机叙事框架所产生的影响,这些叙事可能成为极端主义的促进因素。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Preclinical and Prodromal Stages in Dementias: Development of a Screening Test for Mild Behavioral Impairment. 痴呆症临床前期和前驱期神经精神症状的识别:开发轻度行为障碍筛查测试。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2023.40
Cristóbal Pereira-Abello, Marcelino Cuesta-Izquierdo, Laudino López-Álvarez, Alfonso García-Viejo

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are a psychopathological dimension of neurodegenerative diseases, consisting of personality changes, behavioral disorders, and alterations in basic functions such as appetite or sleep, among others. The aim of this study was the construction and validation of a screening test to identify these NPS associated with neurodegenerative pathologies in preclinical and prodromal stages, based on the ISTAART criteria for Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI).

Method: The sample consisted of 206 subjects over 55 years old (117 cognitively healthy, 89 with Mild Cognitive Impairment). 69% were women, the mean age was 77 years ( SD = 10.58).

Results: The new scale consists of 19 items and exhibited a one-dimensional structure. Confidence was excellent (α = .94 and Ω = .97) and there was evidence of convergent validity with the MBI-C test ( r = .88) and the NPI-Q ( r = .82). In addition, the scale demonstrated good sensitivity (.88) and specificity (.80).

Conclusions: The scale allows evaluation of NPS in DCoL. It exhibits good psychometric properties and makes a useful tool in early diagnosis of neurodegenerative pathologies.

背景:神经精神症状(NPS)是神经退行性疾病的一个精神病理层面,包括人格改变、行为障碍以及食欲或睡眠等基本功能的改变。本研究的目的是根据 ISTAART 的轻度行为损害(MBI)标准,构建并验证一种筛查测试,以识别这些在临床前和前驱阶段与神经退行性病变相关的 NPS:样本包括 206 名 55 岁以上的受试者(117 名认知健康,89 名患有轻度认知障碍)。69%为女性,平均年龄为 77 岁(SD = 10.58):新量表由 19 个项目组成,呈一维结构。信度非常好(α = .94 和Ω = .97),与 MBI-C 测试(r = .88)和 NPI-Q 测试(r = .82)有收敛效度的证据。此外,该量表还具有良好的灵敏度(.88)和特异性(.80):该量表可对 DCoL 中的 NPS 进行评估。它具有良好的心理测量特性,是早期诊断神经退行性病变的有用工具。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Body Compassion in the Risk of Eating Disorders: Mediational Effects of Body Appreciation and Body Shame. 身体同情心在饮食失调风险中的作用:身体欣赏与身体羞耻的中介效应
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2023.48
Diana Burychka, Marta Miragall, Rosa M Baños

Background: Body compassion is a protective factor in the field of eating disorders (ED) that has been associated with higher body appreciation and lower body shame. However, more studies are needed in order to disentangle the protective role of compassion in regard to the risk of ED. The study’s aims were to (1) analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the Body Compassion Scale (BCS) and (2) determine whether body appreciation and body shame were mediators in the relationship between body compassion and the risk of ED.

Method: 288 women (range: 18-40 years old; M = 24.65 ± 5.02) from the general Spanish population completed online questionnaires.

Results: The Spanish adaptation of the BCS was reliable and valid. Results of a serial and parallel mediation model confirmed the protective role of body compassion and body appreciation on body shame and the risk of ED, accounting for 68.88% of the variance.

Conclusions: Findings indicate that women who present higher body compassion tend to show higher body appreciation, which in turn leads to lower internal body shame and lower risk of ED. These results support the need to develop a positive and compassionate relationship with one’s body, in order to prevent ED.

背景:在饮食失调(ED)领域,对身体的同情是一种保护性因素,它与较高的身体鉴赏力和较低的身体羞耻感有关。然而,还需要更多的研究来揭示身体同情心对进食障碍风险的保护作用。本研究的目的是:(1) 分析身体同情量表(BCS)西班牙改编版的心理测量特性;(2) 确定身体欣赏和身体羞耻感是否是身体同情与 ED 风险之间关系的中介:结果:西班牙文改编版 BCS 可靠有效。串联和并联中介模型的结果证实,身体怜悯和身体欣赏对身体羞耻感和ED风险具有保护作用,占方差的68.88%:研究结果表明,具有较高身体同情心的女性往往会表现出较高的身体鉴赏力,这反过来又会导致较低的内在身体羞耻感和较低的 ED 风险。这些结果支持了与自己的身体建立积极的、富有同情心的关系以预防 ED 的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Changing Attitudes About a Pro-Environmental Proposal Concerning Solar Power: The Self-Validating Role of Ingroup Versus Outgroup Sources. 改变对太阳能发电环保提案的态度:同类与异类来源的自我验证作用。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2022.502
David Santos, Javier Horcajo, Rafael Gil, Joshua J Guyer

Background: In this study, we examined whether a persuasive message in favor of a pro-environmental proposal could influence attitude change through a self-validation process when individuals were told that the source of the proposal belonged to their ingroup (vs. their outgroup).

Method: Participants read a message that advocated for the use of solar power. Immediately following the message, participants were asked to list their thoughts regarding the persuasive proposal. A thought favorability index was created for each participant. Following the thought-listing task, participants received the experimental manipulation (i.e., ingroup vs. outgroup source) based on the minimal group paradigm, after which they reported their attitudes towards the proposal.

Results: A regression analysis showed the predicted interaction between thought favorability and type of source (i.e., ingroup vs. outgroup) on attitudes towards the solar power proposal. According to our expectations, thought favorability was a better predictor of attitudes for participants in the ingroup (vs. outgroup) source condition.

Conclusions: Attitudes can be polarized as a function of ingroup versus outgroup differentiation through a self-validation process.

研究背景在这项研究中,我们考察了当个体被告知建议的来源属于他们的内群体(相对于他们的外群体)时,支持环保建议的说服性信息是否能够通过自我验证过程影响态度的改变:方法:参与者阅读一条倡导使用太阳能的信息。方法:受试者阅读了一条倡导使用太阳能的信息,紧接着,受试者被要求列出他们对这条具有说服力的建议的想法。我们为每位参与者创建了一个思想好感度指数。在思想列表任务之后,参与者接受了基于最小群体范式的实验操作(即内群与外群来源),之后他们报告了自己对提案的态度:回归分析表明,思想好感度与来源类型(即内群与外群)对太阳能发电提案的态度之间存在预期的交互作用。正如我们所预期的那样,对于处于内群体(与外群体)来源条件下的参与者来说,思想好感度能更好地预测他们的态度:结论:通过自我验证过程,人们的态度会因群体内与群体外的差异而两极分化。
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引用次数: 0
Reasons to Live During a Suicidal Crisis: A Case Series With Suicidal Inpatients. 自杀危机中的生存理由:自杀住院病人病例系列。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2023.311
Vincent Besch, Christian Greiner, Catherine Le Hénaff, Cécilia Von Rohr-De Pree, Julia Ambrosetti, Charline Magnin, Emmanuel Poulet, Martin Debbané, Paco Prada

Background: Following experts' recommendations for a phenomenological approach to suicidal behavior, this study opted to focus on the life-protecting beliefs and values expressed by people in acute suicidal crisis.

Method: 61 adults hospitalized in psychiatric emergency for suicidal crises were assessed in terms of reasons for living (RFL) and suicidality. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to discern groups of patients based on their RFL profiles. Group differences on suicidality were further examined.

Results: 4 groups of patients were observed, emerging from RFL differences in "Survival and Coping Beliefs", "Fear of Social Disapproval", "Responsibility to Family" and "Child-Related Concerns". Profiles varied by gender but not age. We further observed that "Survival and Coping Beliefs" and "Moral Objections" are weakened during an acute suicidal crisis.

Conclusions: These findings underline the clinical utility of evaluating RFL during a suicidal crisis, and that RFL may be useful to personalize case formulation during an emergency intervention. They could further increase therapeutic communication by connecting the individual to key psychological resources. Longitudinal studies are necessary to evaluate how the different groups identified in this study may yield specific post-emergency trajectories connected to specific clinical needs.

背景:根据专家关于采用现象学方法研究自杀行为的建议,本研究选择将重点放在处于急性自杀危机中的人所表达的生命保护信念和价值观上:根据专家关于采用现象学方法研究自杀行为的建议,本研究选择关注处于急性自杀危机中的人所表达的保护生命的信念和价值观:61名因自杀危机而在精神科急诊住院的成年人接受了生活理由(RFL)和自杀倾向的评估。采用多重对应分析法,根据患者的 RFL 特征对其进行分组。此外,还进一步研究了各组在自杀倾向方面的差异:结果:根据 "生存和应对信念"、"害怕社会不认可"、"对家庭的责任 "和 "与子女有关的担忧 "的 RFL 差异,观察到 4 组患者。这些特征因性别而异,但与年龄无关。我们进一步观察到,在急性自杀危机期间,"生存和应对信念 "和 "道德异议 "会减弱:这些发现强调了在自杀危机中评估RFL的临床实用性,RFL可能有助于在紧急干预过程中制定个性化的病例。通过将个体与关键心理资源联系起来,可以进一步加强治疗沟通。有必要进行纵向研究,以评估本研究中确定的不同群体如何产生与特定临床需求相关的特定紧急情况后轨迹。
{"title":"Reasons to Live During a Suicidal Crisis: A Case Series With Suicidal Inpatients.","authors":"Vincent Besch, Christian Greiner, Catherine Le Hénaff, Cécilia Von Rohr-De Pree, Julia Ambrosetti, Charline Magnin, Emmanuel Poulet, Martin Debbané, Paco Prada","doi":"10.7334/psicothema2023.311","DOIUrl":"10.7334/psicothema2023.311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Following experts' recommendations for a phenomenological approach to suicidal behavior, this study opted to focus on the life-protecting beliefs and values expressed by people in acute suicidal crisis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>61 adults hospitalized in psychiatric emergency for suicidal crises were assessed in terms of reasons for living (RFL) and suicidality. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to discern groups of patients based on their RFL profiles. Group differences on suicidality were further examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>4 groups of patients were observed, emerging from RFL differences in \"Survival and Coping Beliefs\", \"Fear of Social Disapproval\", \"Responsibility to Family\" and \"Child-Related Concerns\". Profiles varied by gender but not age. We further observed that \"Survival and Coping Beliefs\" and \"Moral Objections\" are weakened during an acute suicidal crisis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underline the clinical utility of evaluating RFL during a suicidal crisis, and that RFL may be useful to personalize case formulation during an emergency intervention. They could further increase therapeutic communication by connecting the individual to key psychological resources. Longitudinal studies are necessary to evaluate how the different groups identified in this study may yield specific post-emergency trajectories connected to specific clinical needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48179,"journal":{"name":"Psicothema","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mortality and Suicide Among Persons Experiencing Homelessness: A Seven-Year Follow-up Study. 无家可归者的死亡率和自杀率:七年跟踪研究》。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2023.209
Fran Calvo, Xavier Carbonell, Sarah Johnsen, Sonia Panadero, José Juan Vázquez, Anna Calvet, Keith McInnes, Sílvia Font-Mayolas

Background: There is a significant gap in scientific understanding about suicide among people experiencing homelessness (PEHs).

Method: This seven-year longitudinal study examined a cohort of 154 PEHs. In 2015, clinical assessments were conducted, including an evaluation of suicide risk, with data on causes of death collected from public health service records in 2022.

Results: Over the course of seven years, 14.3% of the sample passed away at an average age of 52.6 years. The leading causes of death were cancer, suicide, and accidental overdose. Participants who experienced violence had a higher number of suicide attempts and scored higher on the suicidal ideation scale. The most significant factors associated with mortality were prior suicide attempts and suicidal ideation.

Conclusions: This study underscores the importance of suicide risk scale scores as the primary predictor of mortality. It emphasizes the need for further longitudinal research on suicide among PEHs and the development of specific programs to prevent suicide within this population. An approach combining structural and individual perspectives is suggested, considering appropriate housing policies and mental health care.

背景:科学界对无家可归者(PEHs)自杀问题的认识还存在很大差距:这项为期七年的纵向研究调查了 154 名无家可归者。2015年进行了临床评估,包括自杀风险评估,2022年从公共卫生服务记录中收集了死因数据:在七年的时间里,样本中有 14.3% 的人去世,平均年龄为 52.6 岁。主要死因是癌症、自杀和意外用药过量。经历过暴力的参与者自杀未遂的次数较多,自杀意念量表的得分也较高。与死亡率相关的最重要因素是自杀未遂和自杀意念:这项研究强调了自杀风险量表评分作为死亡率主要预测因素的重要性。该研究强调,有必要对 PEHs 的自杀情况进行进一步的纵向研究,并制定专门的计划来预防这一人群的自杀。研究建议采取一种结合结构和个人视角的方法,同时考虑适当的住房政策和心理保健。
{"title":"Mortality and Suicide Among Persons Experiencing Homelessness: A Seven-Year Follow-up Study.","authors":"Fran Calvo, Xavier Carbonell, Sarah Johnsen, Sonia Panadero, José Juan Vázquez, Anna Calvet, Keith McInnes, Sílvia Font-Mayolas","doi":"10.7334/psicothema2023.209","DOIUrl":"10.7334/psicothema2023.209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a significant gap in scientific understanding about suicide among people experiencing homelessness (PEHs).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This seven-year longitudinal study examined a cohort of 154 PEHs. In 2015, clinical assessments were conducted, including an evaluation of suicide risk, with data on causes of death collected from public health service records in 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the course of seven years, 14.3% of the sample passed away at an average age of 52.6 years. The leading causes of death were cancer, suicide, and accidental overdose. Participants who experienced violence had a higher number of suicide attempts and scored higher on the suicidal ideation scale. The most significant factors associated with mortality were prior suicide attempts and suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study underscores the importance of suicide risk scale scores as the primary predictor of mortality. It emphasizes the need for further longitudinal research on suicide among PEHs and the development of specific programs to prevent suicide within this population. An approach combining structural and individual perspectives is suggested, considering appropriate housing policies and mental health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":48179,"journal":{"name":"Psicothema","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parental Homework Involvement and Students' Achievement: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis. 家长参与家庭作业与学生成绩:三个层次的 Meta 分析。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2023.92
Jianzhong Xu, Shengli Guo, Yuxiang Feng, Yidan Ma, Yichi Zhang, José C Núñez, Huiyong Fan

Background: Applying a three-level meta-analysis, the goal of our investigation was to examine the relationship between parental homework involvement and students’ achievement, and to investigate whether certain study features could have resulted in the inconsistent results relating to this relationship from prior studies.

Method: We identified a total of 28 studies (32 independent samples) with 252 effect sizes for a total of 378222 participants.

Results: Our meta-analysis revealed an overall weak negative relationship between parental homework involvement and students’ achievement ( r = −0.064, p < 0.001). The overall relationship was moderated by the dimension of parental homework involvement. Specifically, students’ achievement was positively related to autonomy support, but largely unrelated to content support, parental control, frequency, and mixed. Additionally, the overall relationship was moderated by achievement measure, grade level, and parent gender.

Conclusions: Given that parental autonomy support was the only dimension that was positively related to students’ achievement, it would be important to conduct qualitative research that provides longitudinal descriptions of parent-child interactions relating to homework tasks as children make their transition from elementary to middle and high school.

背景:我们采用三级荟萃分析法,旨在研究家长参与家庭作业与学生成绩之间的关系,并探讨某些研究特征是否会导致以往研究中与这一关系相关的结果不一致:方法:我们共确定了 28 项研究(32 个独立样本),252 个效应大小,共计 378222 名参与者:我们的荟萃分析表明,家长参与家庭作业与学生成绩之间总体上存在微弱的负相关关系(r = 0.064,p = 0.001)。总体关系受家长作业参与维度的调节。具体来说,学生的成绩与自主性支持呈正相关,但与内容支持、家长控制、频率和混合性基本无关。此外,整体关系还受到成绩测量、年级和家长性别的调节:鉴于父母的自主支持是唯一与学生成绩呈正相关的维度,因此在儿童从小学升入初中和高中的过程中,有必要开展定性研究,纵向描述与家庭作业任务相关的亲子互动。
{"title":"Parental Homework Involvement and Students' Achievement: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Jianzhong Xu, Shengli Guo, Yuxiang Feng, Yidan Ma, Yichi Zhang, José C Núñez, Huiyong Fan","doi":"10.7334/psicothema2023.92","DOIUrl":"10.7334/psicothema2023.92","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Applying a three-level meta-analysis, the goal of our investigation was to examine the relationship between parental homework involvement and students’ achievement, and to investigate whether certain study features could have resulted in the inconsistent results relating to this relationship from prior studies.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We identified a total of 28 studies (32 independent samples) with 252 effect sizes for a total of 378222 participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our meta-analysis revealed an overall weak negative relationship between parental homework involvement and students’ achievement ( r = −0.064, p < 0.001). The overall relationship was moderated by the dimension of parental homework involvement. Specifically, students’ achievement was positively related to autonomy support, but largely unrelated to content support, parental control, frequency, and mixed. Additionally, the overall relationship was moderated by achievement measure, grade level, and parent gender.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given that parental autonomy support was the only dimension that was positively related to students’ achievement, it would be important to conduct qualitative research that provides longitudinal descriptions of parent-child interactions relating to homework tasks as children make their transition from elementary to middle and high school.</p>","PeriodicalId":48179,"journal":{"name":"Psicothema","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Suicidal Behavior, Mental Health, and Stressful Life Events Among Adolescents. 青少年的自杀行为、心理健康和生活压力事件。
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2023.126
Francisco J López-Fernández, Beatriz Moreno-Amador, Raquel Falcó, Victoria Soto-Sanz, Juan C Marzo, Manuel I Ibáñez, Matti Cervin, José A Piqueras

Background: Adolescence is an important period for development, when psychological problems may appear, including suicidal behavior. Experiencing Stressful Life Events (SLEs) is associated with increased risk of such problems, although the impact of distinct types of SLEs has seldom been examined. This study aims to analyze associations between different SLEs, psychological problems, subjective well-being, and suicidal behavior in adolescents. A new instrument was developed—the Stressful Life Events Checklist for Adolescents (SLECA)—where SLEs were classified as: minor/major, dependent/independent, interpersonal/non-interpersonal, and chronic/episodic.

Method: Two waves of data collection were included. Wave 1 involved 5,610 adolescents whereas wave 2 involved 2,312 adolescents.

Results: Major dependent interpersonal episodic SLEs were strongly associated with externalizing problems. Major dependent non-interpersonal episodic SLEs showed the highest association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems. Major independent chronic SLEs were associated with low subjective well-being, and internalizing problems. Peer problems and academic SLEs were associated with psychological problems and low subjective-well-being. Controlling for mental health variables, suicidal behavior was related to major independent chronic SLEs and to those linked to victimization and sexuality- related problems.

Conclusions: The SLECA is a useful instrument for assessing SLEs in adolescents, unravelling the interrelations between SLEs, mental health, and suicidal behavior.

背景:青春期是一个重要的成长时期,在此期间可能会出现心理问题,包括自杀行为。此外,经历应激性生活事件(SLEs)也可能会导致这些问题的发生,但不同类型的 SLEs 所产生的影响却鲜有研究。本研究旨在探讨不同 SLE、青少年心理问题、主观幸福感和自杀行为之间的关联。研究人员开发了一种新的工具(SLECA),将系统性红斑狼疮分为:轻度/严重、依赖/独立、人际/非人际和慢性/偶发性。方法:包括两个阶段。结果:严重依赖性-人际-偶发性-依赖性自发性情感缺失与外化问题密切相关;严重依赖性-非人际-偶发性自发性情感缺失与注意力和多动问题的关联度最高;严重依赖性-慢性自发性情感缺失与主观幸福感低和内化问题相关。与学业和同伴相关的自发情感体验与心理问题和主观幸福感低有关。在控制心理健康变量的情况下,自杀行为与严重独立-慢性自评量以及与受害和性问题有关的自评量相关:SLECA是一种评估青少年自发情感体验的有用工具,可用于区分自发情感体验、心理健康和自杀行为之间的相互关系。
{"title":"Suicidal Behavior, Mental Health, and Stressful Life Events Among Adolescents.","authors":"Francisco J López-Fernández, Beatriz Moreno-Amador, Raquel Falcó, Victoria Soto-Sanz, Juan C Marzo, Manuel I Ibáñez, Matti Cervin, José A Piqueras","doi":"10.7334/psicothema2023.126","DOIUrl":"10.7334/psicothema2023.126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescence is an important period for development, when psychological problems may appear, including suicidal behavior. Experiencing Stressful Life Events (SLEs) is associated with increased risk of such problems, although the impact of distinct types of SLEs has seldom been examined. This study aims to analyze associations between different SLEs, psychological problems, subjective well-being, and suicidal behavior in adolescents. A new instrument was developed—the Stressful Life Events Checklist for Adolescents (SLECA)—where SLEs were classified as: minor/major, dependent/independent, interpersonal/non-interpersonal, and chronic/episodic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Two waves of data collection were included. Wave 1 involved 5,610 adolescents whereas wave 2 involved 2,312 adolescents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Major dependent interpersonal episodic SLEs were strongly associated with externalizing problems. Major dependent non-interpersonal episodic SLEs showed the highest association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems. Major independent chronic SLEs were associated with low subjective well-being, and internalizing problems. Peer problems and academic SLEs were associated with psychological problems and low subjective-well-being. Controlling for mental health variables, suicidal behavior was related to major independent chronic SLEs and to those linked to victimization and sexuality- related problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SLECA is a useful instrument for assessing SLEs in adolescents, unravelling the interrelations between SLEs, mental health, and suicidal behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":48179,"journal":{"name":"Psicothema","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Validity Evidence for the Self-Absorption Scale (SAS) in Spanish Population. 西班牙人自我吸收量表 (SAS) 的有效性证据。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2022.524
J M S Marqueses, Rocío Fausor, Ana Sanz-García, María P García-Vera, Jesús Sanz

Background: The Self-Absorption Scale (SAS) is one of the few instruments that measure dysfunctional self-focused attention or self-absorption, a transdiagnostic factor of vulnerability to various emotional disorders. The internal structure of the Spanish version of the SAS and its relationship with other variables have not been examined, nor has whether its subscales provide relevant information. These were the two goals of the present study.

Method: The factor structure of the SAS, its internal consistency, and its relationship with depression and post-traumatic stress were analyzed in a Spanish community sample of 519 adults.

Results: The SAS presented a symmetrical bifactor structure with a general factor of self-absorption that explained most of the variance in the items and two specific factors of private and public self-absorption. The total scale and the two subscales of the SAS exhibited excellent, good or adequate reliability coefficients (alphas/omegas = .70 – .88) and correlated with depression and post-traumatic stress ( r = .34 – .46).

Conclusions: The SAS provides reliable, valid measures of dysfunctional self-focused attention in Spanish adults, but its Private and Public Self-absorption subscales are not much more useful than the information provided by its total scale.

背景:自我吸收量表(SAS)是少数几种测量自我关注或自我吸收功能障碍的工具之一,而自我关注或自我吸收功能障碍是易患各种情绪障碍的跨诊断因素。西班牙文版 SAS 的内部结构及其与其他变量的关系尚未得到研究,其子量表是否提供相关信息也未得到研究。这正是本研究的两个目标:方法:在西班牙社区的 519 个成年人样本中分析了 SAS 的因子结构、内部一致性及其与抑郁和创伤后应激的关系:结果:SAS 呈对称的双因子结构,其中一个总因子 "自我吸收 "解释了大部分项目的方差,另外两个特定因子 "私人自我吸收 "和 "公共自我吸收 "解释了大部分项目的方差。SAS的总量表和两个分量表的信度系数(alphas/omegas = .70 – .88)为优秀、良好或适当,并与抑郁和创伤后应激相关(r = .34 – .46):SAS提供了可靠、有效的西班牙成年人自我关注功能失调的测量方法,但其 "私人 "和 "公共 "自我吸收分量表并不比总量表提供的信息更有用。
{"title":"Validity Evidence for the Self-Absorption Scale (SAS) in Spanish Population.","authors":"J M S Marqueses, Rocío Fausor, Ana Sanz-García, María P García-Vera, Jesús Sanz","doi":"10.7334/psicothema2022.524","DOIUrl":"10.7334/psicothema2022.524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Self-Absorption Scale (SAS) is one of the few instruments that measure dysfunctional self-focused attention or self-absorption, a transdiagnostic factor of vulnerability to various emotional disorders. The internal structure of the Spanish version of the SAS and its relationship with other variables have not been examined, nor has whether its subscales provide relevant information. These were the two goals of the present study.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The factor structure of the SAS, its internal consistency, and its relationship with depression and post-traumatic stress were analyzed in a Spanish community sample of 519 adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SAS presented a symmetrical bifactor structure with a general factor of self-absorption that explained most of the variance in the items and two specific factors of private and public self-absorption. The total scale and the two subscales of the SAS exhibited excellent, good or adequate reliability coefficients (alphas/omegas = .70 – .88) and correlated with depression and post-traumatic stress ( r = .34 – .46).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SAS provides reliable, valid measures of dysfunctional self-focused attention in Spanish adults, but its Private and Public Self-absorption subscales are not much more useful than the information provided by its total scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":48179,"journal":{"name":"Psicothema","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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