British Journal of Clinical Psychology最新文献_第9页

The impact of anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty on climate change distress, policy support, and pro-environmental behaviour 对不确定性的焦虑和不容忍对气候变化困境、政策支持和环保行为的影响。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12441

Danielle Goldwert, Amelia S. Dev, Hannah C. Broos, Kenneth Broad, Kiara R. Timpano

Objectives

As the threat of climate change continues to grow, bolstering individual-level support for climate change initiatives is crucial. More research is needed to better understand how individual difference factors, such as climate change anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty (IU), may shape how people perceive climate change and respond to climate change messaging. To date, the majority of published studies have not taken these individual difference factors into consideration, and IU has been particularly neglected in the climate change literature. This study examined the independent effects of climate change anxiety and IU on three climate change-related outcomes: climate-related distress, support for climate change policies, and behavioural engagement.

Methods

Participants were Florida residents (N = 441) who completed an online survey, including measures of climate change anxiety and IU. Participants then watched a video describing climate change consequences and completed three outcome measures: post-video distress, climate change policy support, and behavioural engagement.

Results

Controlling for demographic covariates, both climate change anxiety (β = .43, p < .001) and IU (β = .27, p < .001) were associated with greater post-video distress, but only IU independently predicted greater policy support (β = .10, p = .034) and behavioural engagement (β = .12, p = .017).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that IU may be an important factor in promoting pro-environmental behaviour and policy support, but climate change anxiety may increase emotional distress without boosting meaningful behaviours or support. Our findings highlight the potential influence of cognitive factors on climate change engagement and suggest that invoking uncertainty rather than anxiety may be more effective in catalysing effective environmental engagement.

目标：随着气候变化的威胁持续增加，加强个人层面对气候变化举措的支持至关重要。需要更多的研究来更好地了解个体差异因素，如气候变化焦虑和对不确定性的不容忍（IU），如何影响人们对气候变化的感知和对气候变化信息的反应。到目前为止，大多数已发表的研究都没有考虑到这些个体差异因素，IU在气候变化文献中尤其被忽视。这项研究考察了气候变化焦虑和IU对三种与气候变化相关的结果的独立影响：与气候相关的痛苦、对气候变化政策的支持和行为参与。方法：参与者为佛罗里达州居民（N = 441），他们完成了一项在线调查，包括对气候变化焦虑和IU的测量。参与者随后观看了一段描述气候变化后果的视频，并完成了三项结果测量：视频后的痛苦、气候变化政策支持和行为参与。结果：控制人口统计学协变量，气候变化焦虑（β = .43，p 结论：我们的研究结果表明，IU可能是促进环保行为和政策支持的重要因素，但气候变化焦虑可能会增加情绪困扰，而不会促进有意义的行为或支持。我们的研究结果强调了认知因素对气候变化参与的潜在影响，并表明援引不确定性而不是焦虑可能更有效地促进有效的环境参与。

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引用次数: 0

Emotion regulation in 7-year-old children with familial high risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder compared to controls – The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study – VIA 7, a population-based cohort study 与对照组相比，具有家族性精神分裂症或双相情感障碍高风险的7岁儿童的情绪调节-丹麦高风险和恢复力研究- VIA 7，一项基于人群的队列研究

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12382

Katrine Søborg Spang, Julie Hagstrøm, Ditte Ellersgaard, Camilla Christiani, Nicoline Hemager, Birgitte Klee Burton, Aja Neergaard Greve, Kirsten Rohr, Ditte Gantriis, Signe Vangkilde, Ole Mors, Merete Nordentoft, Carsten Obel, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen, Anne A. E. Thorup

Objectives

Emotion regulation is a predictor of overall life outcome. Problems of emotion regulation are associated with multiple psychiatric disorders and could be a potential treatment target for improving well-being and functioning. Children at familial high risk of severe mental illness have a markedly increased risk of various psychopathology and constitute a group at significant risk of emotion regulation problems. Investigations of emotion regulation in children at familial high risk of severe mental illness are sparse.

Methods

We applied an instrument for assessing emotion regulation, the Tangram Emotion Coding Manual (TEC-M), to a population-based cohort of 522 7-year-old children born to parents diagnosed with either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and matched controls. The TEC-M is an ecologically valid, clinician-rated observational test measure of spontaneous emotion regulation. We aimed to compare emotion regulation between risk groups and to investigate associations between emotion regulation and psychopathology and daily life functioning, and between emotion regulation and an acknowledged questionnaire-based dysregulation profile.

Results

In this early developmental phase, we found no between group differences in emotion regulation. We found a significant but weak negative association between emotion regulation and both child psychopathology and the presence of a dysregulation profile on the Child Behavior Checklist and a weak positive association between emotion regulation and current level of functioning.

Conclusions

These findings contribute to the understanding of emotion regulation in familial high-risk children and further studies of emotion regulation in children at familial high risk of severe mental illness are warranted.

目的情绪调节是整体生活结果的预测因子。情绪调节问题与多种精神疾病有关，可能是改善幸福感和功能的潜在治疗目标。严重精神疾病家族性高危儿童出现各种精神病理的风险显著增加，构成情绪调节问题的高危群体。对家族性严重精神疾病高危儿童情绪调节的研究很少。方法我们应用了一种评估情绪调节的工具——七宝格情感编码手册(TEC-M)，对522名父母被诊断为精神分裂症或双相情感障碍的7岁儿童和匹配的对照组进行了基于人群的队列研究。TEC-M是一种生态有效的、临床评价的自发情绪调节的观察性测试。我们的目的是比较风险组之间的情绪调节，并调查情绪调节与精神病理和日常生活功能之间的关系，以及情绪调节与公认的基于问卷的失调概况之间的关系。结果在这个早期发育阶段，我们没有发现组间情绪调节的差异。我们发现情绪调节与儿童精神病理和儿童行为检查表上的失调特征之间存在显著但微弱的负相关，而情绪调节与当前功能水平之间存在微弱的正相关。结论本研究结果有助于理解家族性高危儿童的情绪调节，值得进一步研究家族性重度精神疾病高危儿童的情绪调节。

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引用次数: 0

Video feedback parent-infant intervention for mothers experiencing enduring difficulties in managing emotions and relationships: A randomised controlled feasibility trial 视频反馈亲子干预对经历情绪和关系管理困难的母亲:一项随机对照可行性试验

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12388

Kirsten Barnicot, Morgan Welsh, Sarah Kalwarowsky, Eloise Stevens, Jane Iles, Jennie Parker, Maddalena Miele, Tara Lawn, Laura O'Hanlon, Sushma Sundaresh, Ola Ajala, Paul Bassett, Christina Jones, Paul Ramchandani, Mike Crawford

Objectives

Parents experiencing mental health difficulties consistent with “personality disorder”, often related to a history of complex trauma, may face increased challenges in parent–child relationships and child socioemotional development. There are no published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating perinatal parent–child interventions for this population. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of undertaking an RCT of the video feedback intervention for positive parenting adapted for perinatal mental health (VIPP-PMH).

Design

Feasibility study incorporating a pilot RCT.

Methods

Mothers with enduring difficulties in managing emotions and relationships, consistent with a “personality disorder”, and their 6- to 36-month old infants were randomly allocated to receive six sessions of VIPP-PMH (n = 20) or usual care alone (n = 14).

Results

76% of eligible mothers consented to participate. Intervention uptake and completion rates were 95% (≥1 VIPP-PMH session) and 70% (6 sessions), respectively. Follow-up rates were 85% at month 5 and 65% at month 8 post-baseline. Blinded observer-ratings of maternal sensitivity in parent–child interaction favoured the intervention group at month 5 (RR = 1.94, 95% CI 0.67–5.63) and month 8 (RR = 1.91, 95% CI 0.68–5.33). Small changes over time in self-rated parenting confidence and stress favoured the intervention group. There were no clear intervention effects on maternal non-intrusiveness or mental health, or on child behaviour problems, emotional functioning, or self-regulation.

Conclusions

An RCT of VIPP-PMH is feasible and acceptable to implement with mothers experiencing difficulties consistent with perinatal “personality disorder”. A fully powered definitive RCT should be undertaken.

经历与"人格障碍"相一致的精神健康困难的父母，往往与复杂创伤史有关，可能在亲子关系和儿童社会情感发展方面面临更多挑战。目前尚无已发表的随机对照试验(RCTs)评估对这一人群进行围产期亲子干预的效果。我们评估了开展一项针对围产期心理健康的积极育儿视频反馈干预(VIPP-PMH)的随机对照试验的可行性和可接受性。设计可行性研究，纳入试点随机对照试验。方法将患有情绪和人际关系管理困难，符合“人格障碍”的母亲及其6 ~ 36个月大的婴儿随机分配为6个疗程的VIPP-PMH (n = 20)或常规护理(n = 14)。结果76%符合条件的母亲同意参与。干预的接受率和完成率分别为95%(≥1次VIPP-PMH疗程)和70%(6次疗程)。基线后第5个月随访率为85%，第8个月随访率为65%。干预组在第5个月(RR = 1.94, 95% CI 0.67-5.63)和第8个月(RR = 1.91, 95% CI 0.68-5.33)时对母亲在亲子互动中的敏感性进行盲法观察评分。随着时间的推移，自我评估的父母信心和压力的微小变化有利于干预组。对母亲的非侵入性或心理健康，或对儿童行为问题、情绪功能或自我调节没有明显的干预效果。结论对有围生期“人格障碍”的母亲实施VIPP-PMH随机对照试验是可行和可接受的。应进行全功率的确定随机对照试验。

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引用次数: 1

Parenting and psychosis: An experience sampling methodology study investigating the inter-relationship between stress from parenting and positive psychotic symptoms 养育子女与精神病:一项经验抽样方法研究，调查养育子女压力与阳性精神病症状之间的相互关系

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12389

Jessica Radley, Jane Barlow, Louise C. Johns

Objectives

There is a strong association between stress and psychotic symptoms, and this study examined the bidirectional nature of this relationship in parents with psychosis, with negative affect as a mediator and a range of other psychosocial factors included as covariates. It also examined whether stress from parenting had a larger impact on psychosis than non-parenting stress.

Design

The study used a within-participants repeated measures design, using experience sampling methodology (ESM). ESM is a self-report surveying technique completed over an intensive longitudinal period. Participants completed six surveys a day, for 10 days.

Methods

Thirty-five participants with psychosis who were a parent to a child between the ages of 2 and 16 took part. Study phones alerted participants to complete surveys by beeping at semi-random intervals over 10 days. Multi-level modelling was used with surveys at Level-1 and participants at Level-2. Predictor variables were time-lagged in order to infer directionality.

Results

Parenting stress was found to predict psychotic symptoms, and this relationship was mediated by negative affect. The reverse direction was also confirmed. Few of the additional psychosocial factors were found to have a significant impact on the models' estimations. Parenting stress was not found to have a larger impact on psychosis than other sources of stress.

Conclusions

This study provides further evidence of the bidirectional relationship between stress and psychosis in the context of parenting. Further research should explore if parenting stress plays a unique role in predicting psychotic symptoms by comparing parents and non-parents with psychosis.

压力和精神病症状之间有很强的联系，本研究考察了父母患有精神病的这种关系的双向性质，负面情绪作为中介，一系列其他社会心理因素作为协变量。该研究还调查了来自父母的压力是否比非父母的压力对精神病的影响更大。本研究采用经验抽样方法(ESM)，采用参与者内部重复测量设计。ESM是一种自我报告测量技术，在密集的纵向期间完成。参与者每天完成6份调查，持续10天。方法选取35名有2 ~ 16岁儿童的精神病患者为研究对象。研究手机在10天内以半随机的间隔发出哔哔声，提醒参与者完成调查。采用多层次模型，调查为一级，参与者为二级。预测变量是滞后的，以便推断方向性。结果父母压力对精神病症状有预测作用，负性情绪在其中起中介作用。相反的方向也得到了证实。很少有其他社会心理因素被发现对模型的估计有重大影响。研究发现，与其他压力来源相比，父母压力对精神病的影响并不大。结论本研究为父母压力与精神病的双向关系提供了进一步的证据。进一步的研究应该通过比较父母和非父母的精神病患者来探索父母压力在预测精神病症状方面是否起着独特的作用。

{"title":"Parenting and psychosis: An experience sampling methodology study investigating the inter-relationship between stress from parenting and positive psychotic symptoms","authors":"Jessica Radley, Jane Barlow, Louise C. Johns","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12389","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12389","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a strong association between stress and psychotic symptoms, and this study examined the bidirectional nature of this relationship in parents with psychosis, with negative affect as a mediator and a range of other psychosocial factors included as covariates. It also examined whether stress from parenting had a larger impact on psychosis than non-parenting stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study used a within-participants repeated measures design, using experience sampling methodology (ESM). ESM is a self-report surveying technique completed over an intensive longitudinal period. Participants completed six surveys a day, for 10 days.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-five participants with psychosis who were a parent to a child between the ages of 2 and 16 took part. Study phones alerted participants to complete surveys by beeping at semi-random intervals over 10 days. Multi-level modelling was used with surveys at Level-1 and participants at Level-2. Predictor variables were time-lagged in order to infer directionality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parenting stress was found to predict psychotic symptoms, and this relationship was mediated by negative affect. The reverse direction was also confirmed. Few of the additional psychosocial factors were found to have a significant impact on the models' estimations. Parenting stress was not found to have a larger impact on psychosis than other sources of stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides further evidence of the bidirectional relationship between stress and psychosis in the context of parenting. Further research should explore if parenting stress plays a unique role in predicting psychotic symptoms by comparing parents and non-parents with psychosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"61 4","pages":"1236-1258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9804428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10529135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The development and validation of the Death Anxiety Beliefs and Behaviours Scale 死亡焦虑信念与行为量表的编制与验证

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12387

Rachel E. Menzies, Louise Sharpe, Ilan Dar-Nimrod

Objectives

Research spanning the fields of clinical, social and health psychology suggests that death anxiety is an important construct. However, no comprehensive, psychometrically adequate measure of the construct exists. The current studies outline the development of a new measure of death anxiety, the Death Anxiety Beliefs and Behaviours Scale (DABBS), which is the first measure to specifically assess unhelpful beliefs and behaviours that may underlie fears of death.

Methods

In Study 1, items were piloted in a large community sample (N = 505). In Studies 2A and 2B, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed using a treatment-seeking (N = 200) and non-treatment-seeking sample (N = 200). These analyses resulted in the final 18-item scale.

Results

The DABBS demonstrated good construct validity, criterion validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability. In Study 3, the DABBS effectively distinguished participants with clinically significant death anxiety and distress from those without, demonstrating excellent discriminant validity.

Conclusions

The present data indicate that the DABBS is a valid and reliable measure of affect, beliefs and behaviours relating to death anxiety, in a community sample of adults and among those seeking mental health treatment. Given the increasing recognition of the importance of death anxiety, the DABBS offers a useful research and clinical tool.

目的临床、社会和健康心理学领域的研究表明，死亡焦虑是一种重要的建构。然而，没有全面的，心理测量学上适当的结构测量存在。目前的研究概述了一种新的死亡焦虑测量方法的发展，死亡焦虑信念和行为量表(DABBS)，这是第一个专门评估可能导致死亡恐惧的无益信念和行为的测量方法。方法在研究1中，在一个大的社区样本(N = 505)中进行项目试点。在研究2A和2B中，采用寻求治疗(N = 200)和非寻求治疗的样本(N = 200)进行探索性和验证性因素分析。这些分析产生了最终的18项量表。结果DABBS具有良好的结构效度、效标效度、内部一致性和重测信度。在研究3中，DABBS有效地区分了有临床意义的死亡焦虑和痛苦的参与者和没有临床意义的参与者，显示出极好的区分效度。结论:目前的数据表明，在社区成人样本和寻求心理健康治疗的人群中，DABBS是与死亡焦虑相关的情感、信念和行为的有效和可靠的测量方法。鉴于人们越来越认识到死亡焦虑的重要性，DABBS提供了一个有用的研究和临床工具。

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引用次数: 5

Trauma and aggression: Evaluating the influence of primed hostility and survivor sex 创伤和攻击:评估启动敌意和幸存者性的影响

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12386

Adam J. Ripley, Joshua D. Clapp, Benjamin M. Wilkowski

Objectives

The relation between posttrauma symptoms and aggression is an area of growing interest in the larger clinical literature. The current project looked to examine the impact of primed hostility on aggressive responding in men and women with and without a history of prior trauma.

Design

Experimental aggression paradigm assessed in a 2 (Group) × 2 (Sex) × 2 (Prime) mixed factorial ANOVA.

Methods

Trauma-naïve participants (N = 52) and survivors reporting active symptoms (N = 43) were exposed to hostile and neutral lexical primes in what was presented as a reaction time task played against an unseen ‘opponent’. In actuality, ‘wins’ and ‘losses’ during the task were assigned by an automated system. The intensity of an aversive sound blast delivered by participants to the supposed opponent in trials the participant ‘won’ served as an index of behavioural aggression.

Results

Repeated-measures ANOVA identified a between-by-within interaction of exposure group and lexical prime (p = .010; $� � � �_{η}^{�} � �$ = .070), with trauma-exposed participants (p = .002, Δ = .30), but not controls (p = .159, Δ = .11), demonstrating elevations in aggression subsequent to hostile priming. A sex by prime interaction (p = .001; $� � � �_{η}^{�} � �$ = .117) similarly indicated elevated aggression following hostile priming in men (p = .007, Δ = .58) as compared to women (p = .062, Δ = .10).

Conclusions

Results offer preliminary support for the association of situationally primed hostility and biological sex with aggressive responding in survivors reporting active symptoms.

目的创伤后症状与攻击行为之间的关系是临床文献中一个越来越受关注的领域。目前的项目旨在研究在有或没有创伤史的男性和女性中，启动敌意对攻击性反应的影响。设计采用2(组)× 2(性别)× 2 (Prime)混合因子方差分析评估实验攻击范式。方法Trauma-naïve参与者(N = 52)和报告活跃症状的幸存者(N = 43)暴露于敌对和中性词汇启动，这是一个与看不见的“对手”进行的反应时间任务。实际上，任务中的“赢”和“输”是由一个自动化系统分配的。在实验中，参与者向假想的对手发出的厌恶声音的强度被参与者“赢”了，这是行为攻击的一个指标。结果重复测量方差分析发现暴露组与词汇启动之间存在相互作用(p = 0.010;η p 2 = 0.070)，与创伤暴露的参与者(p = 0.002， Δ = 0.30)，但没有对照组(p = 0.159， Δ = 0.11)，表明攻击性在敌意启动后升高。A性别由启动相互作用(p = .001;η p 2 = .117)同样表明，与女性(p = .062， Δ = .10)相比，男性在敌意启动后的攻击性升高(p = .007， Δ = .58)。结果初步支持情境启动敌意和生理性别与报告活跃症状的幸存者的攻击反应之间的关联。

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引用次数: 0

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12383

Sarah Anvar, Benjamin A. Swerdlow, David Jobes, Kiara R. Timpano, Abby Adler Mandel, Evan Kleiman, Thomas Joiner, Sheri L. Johnson

Objectives

Suicidal ideation is a pervasive and painful experience that varies considerably in its phenomenology. Here, we consider how one key risk variable might inform our understanding of variation in suicidal ideation: emotion-related impulsivity, the trait-like tendency towards unconstrained speech, behaviour, and cognition in the face of intense emotions. We hypothesized that emotion-related impulsivity would be tied to specific features, including severity, perceived lack of controllability, more rapidly fluctuating course, higher scores on a measure of acute suicidal affective disturbance, and more emotional and cognitive disturbance as antecedents.

Methods

We recruited two samples of adults (Ns = 421, 221) through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), with oversampling of those with suicidal ideation. Both samples completed psychometrically sound self-report measures online to assess emotion- and non-emotion-related dimensions of impulsivity and characteristics of suicidal ideation.

Results

One form of emotion-related impulsivity related to the severity, uncontrollability, dynamic course, and affective and cognitive precursors of ideation.

Conclusions

Despite limitations of the cross-sectional design and self-report measures, the current findings highlight the importance of specificity in considering key dimensions of impulsivity and suicidal ideation.

目的：自杀意念是一种普遍而痛苦的体验，其现象学差异很大。在这里，我们考虑了一个关键的风险变量如何影响我们对自杀意念变化的理解：情绪相关的冲动，面对强烈情绪时不受约束的言语、行为和认知的特质倾向。我们假设，与情绪相关的冲动与特定特征有关，包括严重程度、感知缺乏控制性、波动更快、急性自杀情感障碍评分更高，以及更多的情绪和认知障碍作为前因。方法：我们通过Amazon Mechanical Turk（MTurk）招募了两个成年人样本（Ns=42121），并对有自杀意念的人进行了过采样。两个样本都在网上完成了心理测量学上健全的自我报告测量，以评估冲动的情绪和非情绪相关维度以及自杀意念的特征。结果：一种形式的情绪相关冲动与意念的严重性、不可控性、动态过程以及情感和认知前兆有关。结论：尽管横断面设计和自我报告措施存在局限性，但目前的研究结果强调了在考虑冲动和自杀意念的关键维度时特异性的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Engagement with services in Black African and Caribbean people with psychosis: The role of social networks, illness perceptions, internalized stigma, and perceived discrimination 非洲和加勒比黑人精神病患者的服务参与:社会网络、疾病认知、内化污名和感知歧视的作用

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12385

Amy Degnan, Katherine Berry, Matthew Vaughan, Nick Crossley, Dawn Edge

Objectives

Research and policies in the United Kingdom have repeatedly highlighted the need to reduce ethnic disparities and improve engagement with mental health services among Black African and Caribbean people with psychosis. The aim of this study was to examine the role of social network characteristics and psychological factors in engagement with services in Black people with psychosis.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 51 Black African and Caribbean adults with non-affective psychosis and currently receiving care from mental health services in England. Measures were completed to examine relationships between social networks, illness perceptions, perceived racial or ethnic discrimination in services, internalized stigma, and current engagement with services from service user and staff perspectives.

Results

Social network composition (ethnic homogeneity) moderately correlated with better service user and staff reported engagement. Greater perceived personal control over problems was associated with better staff reported engagement. Lower perceived ethnic or racial discrimination in services, and specific illness perceptions (higher perceived treatment control, greater self-identification with psychosis symptoms, more concern and greater emotional response related to problems) were associated with better service user reported engagement. Internalized stigma was not associated with service engagement. Multivariate regression analyses suggested that a more ethnically homogenous social network was the strongest predictor of better service user and staff reported engagement.

Conclusions

Psychosocial interventions that target social networks, perceived ethnic and racial discrimination in services, and illness perceptions may facilitate better engagement and improve outcomes. Further longitudinal studies are required to examine causal mechanisms.

联合王国的研究和政策一再强调有必要减少种族差异，改善非洲和加勒比黑人精神病患者接受心理健康服务的情况。本研究的目的是研究社会网络特征和心理因素在黑人精神病患者参与服务中的作用。方法对51名非情感性精神病的非洲和加勒比黑人成年人进行横断面研究，这些成年人目前正在英国的精神卫生服务机构接受治疗。完成了从服务用户和工作人员的角度检查社会网络、疾病认知、服务中感知的种族或民族歧视、内化的耻辱以及目前与服务的接触之间关系的措施。结果社会网络构成(种族同质性)与服务用户和员工的参与度有中等相关性。对问题的个人控制程度越高，员工的敬业度就越高。服务中较低的族裔或种族歧视感知和特定疾病感知(较高的治疗控制感知、对精神病症状的更大自我认同、对问题的更多关注和更大的情绪反应)与较好的服务用户参与度报告相关。内化污名与服务参与无关。多变量回归分析表明，种族同质的社交网络是更好的服务用户和员工参与度的最强预测因子。针对社会网络、服务中存在的民族和种族歧视以及疾病认知的社会心理干预可能促进更好的参与并改善结果。需要进一步的纵向研究来检验因果机制。

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引用次数: 0

Treatment experiences of male and female youths with eating disorders 男女青年饮食失调的治疗体会

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12384

Jennifer S. Coelho, Janet Suen, Sheila Marshall, Haya Zaid-Alkailani, Josie Geller, Pei-Yoong Lam

Objectives

The current study was conducted to further understand the experiences of youths with an eating disorder with accessing services and receiving treatment. Participants' perceptions of the role of gender in eating disorder treatment was also assessed.

Design

A prospective mixed methods design was used, with the current report focusing on qualitative interviews.

Methods

Youths who were receiving services in a specialized paediatric eating disorder program completed a semi-structured interview in combination with a visual lifeline upon their discharge. A process of interpretative induction was employed to derive high-level concepts from the interviews.

Results

A total of 28 youths (15 males and 13 females) completed an interview. Four high-level concepts were identified: (1) unwanted/non-collaborative support, (2) conflicting views, (3) dynamics in relationships (with sub-concepts relating to peers and health professionals), and (4) changing mindset. Although many participants viewed treatment as universal, a subset of participants noted that treatment was tailored towards females.

Conclusions

Youths shared several challenges that they encountered in their journey to accessing specialized eating disorders treatment, including disagreement with their parents/caregivers and health professionals about treatment plans. Interactions with peers and health professionals represented both a facilitator (e.g., feeling supported and inspired by peers) and a challenge (e.g., negative interactions with professionals). Some youths shared concerns about the female-centric nature of treatment. The results of this study highlight the importance of collaborative care for paediatric eating disorders, and consideration for gender inclusivity in eating disorders treatment.

目的本研究旨在进一步了解患有饮食失调的青少年在获得服务和接受治疗方面的经历。参与者对性别在饮食失调治疗中的作用的看法也被评估。设计采用前瞻性混合方法设计，目前的报告侧重于定性访谈。方法接受儿童饮食失调专科项目服务的青少年在出院时完成半结构化访谈并结合视觉生命线。采用解释性归纳法从访谈中推导出高层次的概念。结果共有28名青少年(男15名，女13名)完成了访谈。确定了四个高级概念:(1)不想要的/非合作支持，(2)冲突的观点，(3)关系中的动态(与同伴和卫生专业人员相关的子概念)，以及(4)心态的变化。虽然许多参与者认为治疗是普遍的，但一部分参与者指出，治疗是为女性量身定制的。青少年分享了他们在寻求专业饮食失调治疗的过程中遇到的几个挑战，包括与父母/照顾者和卫生专业人员在治疗计划上的分歧。与同伴和卫生专业人员的互动既是一种促进因素(例如，感到受到同伴的支持和鼓舞)，也是一种挑战(例如，与专业人员的消极互动)。一些年轻人对以女性为中心的治疗表示担忧。这项研究的结果强调了合作护理儿科饮食失调的重要性，以及在饮食失调治疗中考虑性别包容性。

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引用次数: 0

Associations between symptoms of prolonged grief disorder and depression and suicidal ideation 长期悲伤障碍和抑郁症状与自杀意念之间的关系

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12381

Marcin Sekowski, Holly G. Prigerson

Objectives

We examined associations between the severity of symptoms of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) and depression and recent suicidal ideation among bereaved family members.

Methods

Individuals who survived the death of a family member 1–8 year earlier (N = 225) were surveyed using self-report measures in the cross-sectional study. Regression analyses were conducted to test the multivariable effects of PGD and depression symptom severity—including their interactive effect—on recent suicidal ideation among the full sample and subsample of suicidal ideators (n = 38).

Results

The severity of PGD symptoms was positively associated with frequency of recent suicidal ideation in the full sample and subsample of suicidal ideators. Depressive symptoms were positively related to suicidal ideation in the full sample; however, they were significant only in the presence of PGD symptoms in the subsample of suicidal ideators.

Conclusions

Severity of PGD and depression symptoms are positively associated with suicidal ideation among bereaved individuals, highlighting the need to attend to both PGD and depressive symptoms in understanding risk for suicidal ideation among bereaved individuals.

目的:我们研究了在失去亲人的家庭成员中，延长悲伤障碍(PGD)和抑郁症状的严重程度与近期自杀意念之间的关系。方法在横断面研究中，采用自我报告方法对1-8年前家庭成员死亡的幸存者(N = 225)进行调查。采用回归分析来检验PGD和抑郁症状严重程度对自杀意念者全样本和子样本近期自杀意念的多变量影响——包括它们的相互作用(n = 38)。结果在自杀意念者的全样本和亚样本中，PGD症状的严重程度与近期自杀意念的频率呈正相关。在整个样本中，抑郁症状与自杀意念呈正相关;然而，只有在自杀意念者的子样本中出现PGD症状时，它们才有意义。结论PGD和抑郁症状的严重程度与丧亲个体的自杀意念呈正相关，强调在了解丧亲个体自杀意念风险时需要同时关注PGD和抑郁症状。

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引用次数: 2