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Engagement with services in Black African and Caribbean people with psychosis: The role of social networks, illness perceptions, internalized stigma, and perceived discrimination 非洲和加勒比黑人精神病患者的服务参与:社会网络、疾病认知、内化污名和感知歧视的作用
IF 3.1 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12385
Amy Degnan, Katherine Berry, Matthew Vaughan, Nick Crossley, Dawn Edge

Objectives

Research and policies in the United Kingdom have repeatedly highlighted the need to reduce ethnic disparities and improve engagement with mental health services among Black African and Caribbean people with psychosis. The aim of this study was to examine the role of social network characteristics and psychological factors in engagement with services in Black people with psychosis.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 51 Black African and Caribbean adults with non-affective psychosis and currently receiving care from mental health services in England. Measures were completed to examine relationships between social networks, illness perceptions, perceived racial or ethnic discrimination in services, internalized stigma, and current engagement with services from service user and staff perspectives.

Results

Social network composition (ethnic homogeneity) moderately correlated with better service user and staff reported engagement. Greater perceived personal control over problems was associated with better staff reported engagement. Lower perceived ethnic or racial discrimination in services, and specific illness perceptions (higher perceived treatment control, greater self-identification with psychosis symptoms, more concern and greater emotional response related to problems) were associated with better service user reported engagement. Internalized stigma was not associated with service engagement. Multivariate regression analyses suggested that a more ethnically homogenous social network was the strongest predictor of better service user and staff reported engagement.

Conclusions

Psychosocial interventions that target social networks, perceived ethnic and racial discrimination in services, and illness perceptions may facilitate better engagement and improve outcomes. Further longitudinal studies are required to examine causal mechanisms.

联合王国的研究和政策一再强调有必要减少种族差异,改善非洲和加勒比黑人精神病患者接受心理健康服务的情况。本研究的目的是研究社会网络特征和心理因素在黑人精神病患者参与服务中的作用。方法对51名非情感性精神病的非洲和加勒比黑人成年人进行横断面研究,这些成年人目前正在英国的精神卫生服务机构接受治疗。完成了从服务用户和工作人员的角度检查社会网络、疾病认知、服务中感知的种族或民族歧视、内化的耻辱以及目前与服务的接触之间关系的措施。结果社会网络构成(种族同质性)与服务用户和员工的参与度有中等相关性。对问题的个人控制程度越高,员工的敬业度就越高。服务中较低的族裔或种族歧视感知和特定疾病感知(较高的治疗控制感知、对精神病症状的更大自我认同、对问题的更多关注和更大的情绪反应)与较好的服务用户参与度报告相关。内化污名与服务参与无关。多变量回归分析表明,种族同质的社交网络是更好的服务用户和员工参与度的最强预测因子。针对社会网络、服务中存在的民族和种族歧视以及疾病认知的社会心理干预可能促进更好的参与并改善结果。需要进一步的纵向研究来检验因果机制。
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引用次数: 0
Treatment experiences of male and female youths with eating disorders 男女青年饮食失调的治疗体会
IF 3.1 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12384
Jennifer S. Coelho, Janet Suen, Sheila Marshall, Haya Zaid-Alkailani, Josie Geller, Pei-Yoong Lam

Objectives

The current study was conducted to further understand the experiences of youths with an eating disorder with accessing services and receiving treatment. Participants' perceptions of the role of gender in eating disorder treatment was also assessed.

Design

A prospective mixed methods design was used, with the current report focusing on qualitative interviews.

Methods

Youths who were receiving services in a specialized paediatric eating disorder program completed a semi-structured interview in combination with a visual lifeline upon their discharge. A process of interpretative induction was employed to derive high-level concepts from the interviews.

Results

A total of 28 youths (15 males and 13 females) completed an interview. Four high-level concepts were identified: (1) unwanted/non-collaborative support, (2) conflicting views, (3) dynamics in relationships (with sub-concepts relating to peers and health professionals), and (4) changing mindset. Although many participants viewed treatment as universal, a subset of participants noted that treatment was tailored towards females.

Conclusions

Youths shared several challenges that they encountered in their journey to accessing specialized eating disorders treatment, including disagreement with their parents/caregivers and health professionals about treatment plans. Interactions with peers and health professionals represented both a facilitator (e.g., feeling supported and inspired by peers) and a challenge (e.g., negative interactions with professionals). Some youths shared concerns about the female-centric nature of treatment. The results of this study highlight the importance of collaborative care for paediatric eating disorders, and consideration for gender inclusivity in eating disorders treatment.

目的本研究旨在进一步了解患有饮食失调的青少年在获得服务和接受治疗方面的经历。参与者对性别在饮食失调治疗中的作用的看法也被评估。设计采用前瞻性混合方法设计,目前的报告侧重于定性访谈。方法接受儿童饮食失调专科项目服务的青少年在出院时完成半结构化访谈并结合视觉生命线。采用解释性归纳法从访谈中推导出高层次的概念。结果共有28名青少年(男15名,女13名)完成了访谈。确定了四个高级概念:(1)不想要的/非合作支持,(2)冲突的观点,(3)关系中的动态(与同伴和卫生专业人员相关的子概念),以及(4)心态的变化。虽然许多参与者认为治疗是普遍的,但一部分参与者指出,治疗是为女性量身定制的。青少年分享了他们在寻求专业饮食失调治疗的过程中遇到的几个挑战,包括与父母/照顾者和卫生专业人员在治疗计划上的分歧。与同伴和卫生专业人员的互动既是一种促进因素(例如,感到受到同伴的支持和鼓舞),也是一种挑战(例如,与专业人员的消极互动)。一些年轻人对以女性为中心的治疗表示担忧。这项研究的结果强调了合作护理儿科饮食失调的重要性,以及在饮食失调治疗中考虑性别包容性。
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引用次数: 0
Associations between symptoms of prolonged grief disorder and depression and suicidal ideation 长期悲伤障碍和抑郁症状与自杀意念之间的关系
IF 3.1 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12381
Marcin Sekowski, Holly G. Prigerson

Objectives

We examined associations between the severity of symptoms of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) and depression and recent suicidal ideation among bereaved family members.

Methods

Individuals who survived the death of a family member 1–8 year earlier (N = 225) were surveyed using self-report measures in the cross-sectional study. Regression analyses were conducted to test the multivariable effects of PGD and depression symptom severity—including their interactive effect—on recent suicidal ideation among the full sample and subsample of suicidal ideators (n = 38).

Results

The severity of PGD symptoms was positively associated with frequency of recent suicidal ideation in the full sample and subsample of suicidal ideators. Depressive symptoms were positively related to suicidal ideation in the full sample; however, they were significant only in the presence of PGD symptoms in the subsample of suicidal ideators.

Conclusions

Severity of PGD and depression symptoms are positively associated with suicidal ideation among bereaved individuals, highlighting the need to attend to both PGD and depressive symptoms in understanding risk for suicidal ideation among bereaved individuals.

目的:我们研究了在失去亲人的家庭成员中,延长悲伤障碍(PGD)和抑郁症状的严重程度与近期自杀意念之间的关系。方法在横断面研究中,采用自我报告方法对1-8年前家庭成员死亡的幸存者(N = 225)进行调查。采用回归分析来检验PGD和抑郁症状严重程度对自杀意念者全样本和子样本近期自杀意念的多变量影响——包括它们的相互作用(n = 38)。结果在自杀意念者的全样本和亚样本中,PGD症状的严重程度与近期自杀意念的频率呈正相关。在整个样本中,抑郁症状与自杀意念呈正相关;然而,只有在自杀意念者的子样本中出现PGD症状时,它们才有意义。结论PGD和抑郁症状的严重程度与丧亲个体的自杀意念呈正相关,强调在了解丧亲个体自杀意念风险时需要同时关注PGD和抑郁症状。
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引用次数: 2
Reappraisal, social support, and parental burnout 重新评估,社会支持和父母倦怠
IF 3.1 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12380
Gao-Xian Lin, Amit Goldenberg, Gizem Arikan, Anna Brytek-Matera, Kamila Czepczor-Bernat, Denisse Manrique-Millones, Moïra Mikolajczak, Hannah Overbye, Isabelle Roskam, Dorota Szczygieł, A. Meltem Ustundag-Budak, James J. Gross

Objectives

Parental burnout is a prevalent condition that affects parents' functioning and health. While various protective factors have been examined, little is known about their interplay. In the current study, we examined the joint effect of two protective factors against parental burnout (one external—social support and one internal—cognitive reappraisal). We were specifically interested in whether the presence of one factor could compensate for the lack of the other.

Methods

To address this question, 1835 participants were drawn from five countries: United States, Poland, Peru, Turkey and Belgium.

Results

Results suggested that both social support and cognitive reappraisal were associated with lower parental burnout. An interaction was also found between the resource factors, such that the presence of cognitive reappraisal compensated for the absence of social support.

Conclusions

These findings point to ways in which parental burnout could be reduced, especially in situations where social support is not easily available.

父母倦怠是一种影响父母功能和健康的普遍状况。虽然研究了各种保护因素,但对它们之间的相互作用知之甚少。在本研究中,我们考察了两种保护因素(外部-社会支持和内部-认知重评)对父母倦怠的共同作用。我们特别感兴趣的是,一个因素的存在是否可以弥补另一个因素的缺失。为了解决这个问题,从五个国家:美国、波兰、秘鲁、土耳其和比利时抽取了1835名参与者。结果社会支持和认知重评均可降低父母倦怠。在资源因素之间也发现了一种相互作用,例如认知重新评价的存在弥补了社会支持的缺失。这些发现指出了减少父母倦怠的方法,特别是在不易获得社会支持的情况下。
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引用次数: 9
The association between maternal perinatal mental health and perfectionism: A systematic review and meta-analysis 母亲围产期心理健康与完美主义的关系:系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 3.1 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12378
Clare Evans, Jana Kreppner, Peter J. Lawrence

Background

Perfectionism is an important feature of adult psychopathology. In the absence of a prior review of the role of perfectionism in perinatal psychopathology, we aimed to ascertain whether perfectionism was associated with symptoms of maternal perinatal depression and anxiety.

Method

We followed PRISMA guidance (PROSPERO: 42019143369), estimated weighted effect sizes and tested possible moderators: timing (pre or post- natal), scales used to measure constructs, infant gender, temperament and age; and rated study quality.

Results

Fourteen studies met eligibility criteria. Perfectionism as a whole, and the perfectionistic concerns dimension, were moderately correlated with common maternal perinatal mental health difficulties r = .32 (95% Confidence Interval = 0.23 to 0.42). In sub-group analyses, perfectionistic concerns were associated with depression (r = .35, 95% CI = 0.26–0.43). We found no evidence of significant moderation of associations.

Limitations

Included studies had methodological and conceptual limitations. All studies examined depression and two examined anxieties; all examined perfectionistic concerns and four examined perfectionist strivings.

Conclusions

Perfectionism, namely perfectionistic concerns, is potentially associated with common maternal perinatal mental health problems. While further research is warranted, identification of perfectionism in the perinatal period may help focus resources for intervention, reducing the prevalence of perinatal mental health difficulties.

完美主义是成人精神病理学的一个重要特征。在缺乏对完美主义在围产期精神病理中的作用的先前审查的情况下,我们旨在确定完美主义是否与母亲围产期抑郁和焦虑症状有关。方法:我们遵循PRISMA指南(PROSPERO: 42019143369),估计加权效应大小并测试可能的调节因素:时间(产前或产后)、用于测量结构的量表、婴儿性别、气质和年龄;并评价学习质量。结果14项研究符合入选标准。完美主义整体和完美主义关注维度与常见的孕产妇围产期心理健康困难存在中度相关(r = .32)(95%置信区间= 0.23 ~ 0.42)。在亚组分析中,完美主义担忧与抑郁相关(r =。35, 95% ci = 0.26-0.43)。我们没有发现显著的关联缓和的证据。纳入的研究存在方法学和概念上的局限性。所有的研究都是关于抑郁的,两项研究是关于焦虑的;所有人都研究了完美主义的担忧,四人研究了完美主义的努力。结论完美主义,即完美主义关注,可能与常见的孕产妇围产期心理健康问题有关。虽然需要进一步的研究,但围产期完美主义的识别可能有助于集中资源进行干预,减少围产期心理健康问题的患病率。
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引用次数: 2
Schematic beliefs, negative affect and paranoia in at-risk youth 高危青少年的图式信念、消极情绪和偏执
IF 3.1 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12373
Lucie Crowter, Robin Banerjee, Clio Berry, David Fowler

Objectives

Attenuated symptoms of psychosis are a core feature of At-Risk Mental States. However, subthreshold levels of paranoia are also common among nonpsychosis populations. At present, little is known about whether the processes underpinning the experience of paranoid ideation in high-risk youth differ as a consequence of meeting At-Risk Mental States (ARMS) for psychosis criteria.

Methods

This study utilized path analysis techniques to examine the relationships between schematic beliefs, negative affect and the experience of paranoia for two groups: a group meeting criteria for ARMS (n = 133) and a group presenting with emerging complex mental health difficulties who did not meet the criteria for ARMS (n = 137).

Results

While the ARMS group displayed significantly greater maladaptive schematic beliefs and more severe symptomatology, the associations between schematic beliefs, symptoms of negative affect and paranoia did not differ as a consequence of ARMS status.

Conclusions

While meeting the ARMS criteria is associated with experiencing more maladaptive cognitions and more negative symptomatology among at-risk youth, the associations between these cognitive beliefs and symptoms may be similar for youth who do not meet ARMS. These findings have implications for broadening the scope of at-risk/high-risk and for developing effective interventions for young people presenting with emerging difficulties.

目的精神病症状减轻是高危精神状态的核心特征。然而,阈下偏执狂水平在非精神病人群中也很常见。目前,对于高危青少年偏执观念的形成过程是否因符合高危精神状态(ARMS)的精神病标准而有所不同,我们知之甚少。方法采用通径分析方法对符合ARMS标准的两组(n = 133)和未符合ARMS标准的新出现的复杂心理健康困难组(n = 137)进行图式信念、消极情绪和偏执体验之间的关系研究。结果虽然ARMS组表现出更大的适应不良图式信念和更严重的症状,但图式信念、消极情绪症状和偏执之间的关联并不因ARMS状态而不同。结论:虽然符合ARMS标准与高危青少年出现更多的适应不良认知和更多的负性症状相关,但这些认知信念与症状之间的关联可能与不符合ARMS标准的青少年相似。这些发现对扩大风险/高风险范围以及为出现新困难的年轻人制定有效干预措施具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Differences in the diagnosis and treatment decisions for children in care compared to their peers: An experimental study on post-traumatic stress disorder 与同龄人相比,护理儿童的诊断和治疗决定的差异:创伤后应激障碍的实验研究
IF 3.1 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12379
Rosie McGuire, Sarah L. Halligan, Richard Meiser-Stedman, Lucy Durbin, Rachel M. Hiller

Objectives

Despite evidence of high rates of diagnosable mental health difficulties in children in care, there remains ongoing debate around the appropriateness of traditional diagnoses and treatments. The aim of this study was to quantitatively explore whether mental health diagnosis and treatment decision-making differed when a young person was identified as being in care, specifically focused on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a trauma-specific mental health disorder with rates substantially higher in children in care versus their peers.

Methods

Participants were 270 UK mental health professionals who completed an online survey. Participants were randomized to receive one of two vignettes, which were identical in their description of a teenage boy experiencing PTSD symptoms, except in one he was in foster care and in the other he lived with his mother. Participants were asked to select a primary diagnosis, treatment approach, and potential secondary diagnosis.

Results

Professionals were twice as likely to choose a primary diagnosis of PTSD and a National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE)-recommended PTSD treatment when randomized to the mother vignette versus the foster carer vignette. Selecting PTSD as the primary diagnosis made clinicians three times more likely to select a NICE-recommended treatment for PTSD. Developmental trauma was the most common ‘diagnosis’ for both groups, although this led to different treatment decisions.

Conclusions

In the context of PTSD, we found children in care face diagnosis and treatment decision-making biases. Practice implications are discussed.

尽管有证据表明,在接受护理的儿童中,可诊断的精神健康困难比例很高,但围绕传统诊断和治疗的适当性仍存在争议。本研究的目的是定量探讨当一个年轻人被确定为创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的护理时,心理健康诊断和治疗决策是否会有所不同。创伤后应激障碍是一种创伤特异性心理健康障碍,在接受护理的儿童中,其发病率明显高于同龄人。方法参与者是270名英国心理健康专业人员,他们完成了一项在线调查。参与者被随机分成两组,其中一组描述的是一个经历创伤后应激障碍症状的十几岁男孩,除了一组是寄养儿童,另一组是和母亲住在一起。参与者被要求选择初步诊断、治疗方法和潜在的二次诊断。结果:当被随机分为母亲组和寄养组时,专业人员选择PTSD的初步诊断和国家临床卓越研究所(NICE)推荐的PTSD治疗的可能性是前者的两倍。选择创伤后应激障碍作为主要诊断使临床医生选择nice推荐的创伤后应激障碍治疗方法的可能性增加三倍。发展性创伤是两组中最常见的“诊断”,尽管这导致了不同的治疗决定。结论在PTSD背景下,我们发现儿童在护理中面临诊断和治疗决策偏差。讨论了实践意义。
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引用次数: 5
Fluctuations in proximity seeking and paranoia 靠近搜索和偏执的波动
IF 3.1 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12372
Kate Lawrence, Sandra Bucci, Katherine Berry, Lesley-Anne Carter, Peter Taylor

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate associations between proximity seeking, stress and paranoia in the context of daily life, and whether these relationships are moderated by trait attachment styles.

Methods

Sixty non-clinical participants completed 3423 assessments of state stress, proximity seeking and paranoia over a 6-day period using an experience sampling method. Multilevel linear regression was performed to evaluate relationships between variables.

Results

The post-hoc analysis showed antecedent events subjectively appraised as very unpleasant or very pleasant predicted greater levels of momentary proximity seeking at the subsequent timepoint. Greater stress predicted greater subsequent shifts or variability in proximity seeking. Changes in proximity seeking were not associated with momentary paranoia. However, for individuals with an avoidant attachment style, greater shifts in proximity seeking resulted in greater subsequent reports of paranoia.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that, in daily life, the attachment system may become active in response to stress. For those with an avoidant attachment style, an active attachment system may exacerbate paranoid thoughts possibly due to the activation of attachment-related beliefs that one should be fearful of unavailable others and instead rely on one's autonomy to regulate affect. These findings highlight the need to consider attachment in the assessment and formulation of paranoia.

目的探讨在日常生活中接近寻求、压力和偏执之间的关系,以及这些关系是否受到特质依恋类型的调节。方法采用经验抽样法,对60名非临床参与者进行状态应激、接近寻求和偏执的3423项评估。采用多水平线性回归评价变量之间的关系。结果事后分析显示,主观评价为非常不愉快或非常愉快的前事事件预测了随后时间点更大程度的瞬时接近寻求。更大的压力预示着更大的后续变化或邻近寻找的可变性。接近寻求的变化与瞬间偏执狂无关。然而,对于回避型依恋类型的人来说,更大的接近寻求变化导致了更多的偏执报告。这些发现表明,在日常生活中,依恋系统可能在应激反应中变得活跃。对于逃避型依恋类型的人来说,主动依恋系统可能会加剧偏执思想,这可能是由于激活了与依恋相关的信念,即一个人应该害怕不可用的他人,而不是依靠自己的自主来调节情感。这些发现强调了在妄想症的评估和表述中考虑依恋的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
The efficacy of a transdiagnostic emotion regulation skills training in the treatment of binge-eating disorder—Results from a randomized controlled trial 跨诊断情绪调节技能训练治疗暴饮症的疗效——一项随机对照试验的结果
IF 3.1 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12371
Matthias Berking, Eva Eichler, Eva Naumann, Jennifer Svaldi

Objectives

Deficits in emotion regulation (ER) have been shown to be associated with binge-eating disorder (BED). To further clarify the causal nature of this association, we tested whether systematically enhancing ER skills would reduce symptoms of BED.

Methods

We randomly allocated N = 101 individuals meeting the criteria for BED to a transdiagnostic ER skills training or to a waitlist control condition (WLC). Primary outcome was the reduction in binges during the treatment-vs.-waiting period as assessed with the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) interview.

Results

Mixed-model ANOVAs indicated that the average pre-to-post decrease in binges assessed with the EDE was significantly greater in the ER skills training condition than in the WLC (d = 0.66). These effects were stable over the 6-month follow-up period (d = 0.72). Remission rates at post/follow-up were 34.4/45.0% in the skills training and 7.5/20.0% in the WLC. Additionally, we found a greater reduction in general eating disorder psychopathology, of food consumption in a bogus taste test and of depression in the ER skills training condition. Moreover, the greater reduction in binge-eating episodes in the training condition was (partially) mediated by a greater increase in ER skills.

Conclusions

The findings provide further support for the assumed importance of deficits in ER as a maintaining factor and, hence, as a target in the treatment of BED. As ER skills trainings have been shown to also reduce other kinds of psychopathology, they might be considered a promising transdiagnostic add-on component to disorder-specific interventions.

目的情绪调节缺陷(ER)已被证明与暴饮暴食症(BED)有关。为了进一步阐明这种关联的因果性质,我们测试了系统地增强ER技能是否会减轻BED的症状。方法我们将N=101名符合BED标准的患者随机分配到跨诊断ER技能培训或等待名单对照条件(WLC)。主要结果是治疗期间暴饮的减少-通过饮食障碍检查(EDE)访谈评估的等待期。结果混合模型方差分析表明,在ER技能训练条件下,EDE评估的暴饮量的平均前后下降幅度明显大于WLC(d=0.66)。这些影响在6个月的随访期内是稳定的(d=0.72)。技能训练后/随访时的缓解率为34.4/45.0%WLC。此外,我们发现,在一般饮食障碍精神病理学、虚假味觉测试中的食物消耗和ER技能训练条件下的抑郁症状都有更大的减少。此外,在训练条件下,暴饮事件的大幅减少(部分)是由ER技能的大幅提高介导的。结论这一发现进一步支持了ER缺陷作为维持因素的重要性,从而成为治疗BED的靶点。由于ER技能培训已被证明也可以减少其他类型的精神病理学,因此它们可能被认为是一种很有前途的跨诊断附加成分,可以用于疾病特异性干预。
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引用次数: 4
Epistemic injustice amongst clinical and non-clinical voice-hearers: A qualitative thematic analysis study 临床和非临床听话者之间的认知不公:一项定性专题分析研究
IF 3.1 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-04-24 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12368
Olivia Harris, Carina Andrews, Matthew R. Broome, Claudia Kustner, Pamela Jacobsen

Objectives

Research has suggested people who hear voices may be at risk of epistemic injustice. This is a form of discrimination whereby someone is unfairly judged to be an unreliable knower (testimonial injustice) or is unable to contribute to, and therefore access, concepts that make sense of their experience within mainstream society (hermeneutical injustice). Voice-hearing occurs both in people who are mental health service users and in the general population (clinical and non-clinical voice-hearers, respectively). The degree of distress and impairment associated with voices has been shown to relate to how individuals make sense of their experiences and how others respond to their identity as a voice-hearer. The aim of this study was to explore people's experiences of epistemic injustice in relation to voice-hearing and to understand how these may differ between clinical and non-clinical voice-hearers.

Design

A qualitative design was used.

Method

Eight clinical and nine non-clinical voice-hearers partook in semi-structured interviews, which were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Three pairs of themes related to (i) identity, (ii) relationships and (iii) power and position were constructed across the clinical and non-clinical groups, and two shared themes within both groups were created relating to testimonial and hermeneutical injustice.

Conclusion

Both clinical and non-clinical voice-hearers described experiencing epistemic injustice in wider society. The presence of a ‘safe haven’ (e.g. spiritualist churches) for non-clinical voice-hearers ameliorated the impact of this to some degree, by allowing people to make connections with others with similar experiences within a non-judgemental and accepting community.

研究表明,听到声音的人可能面临认知不公正的风险。这是一种歧视形式,即某人被不公平地判断为不可靠的知者(证言不公正),或者无法贡献,因此无法获得在主流社会中有意义的概念(解释性不公正)。语音听力既发生在心理卫生服务使用者中,也发生在一般人群中(分别为临床和非临床语音听力者)。与声音相关的痛苦和损害程度与个人如何理解他们的经历以及其他人如何回应他们作为声音听众的身份有关。本研究的目的是探讨人们在语音听力方面的认知不公正的经历,并了解临床和非临床语音听力者之间的差异。设计采用定性设计。方法对8名临床和9名非临床听话者进行半结构化访谈,采用主题分析法进行分析。结果在临床组和非临床组中构建了与(i)身份、(ii)关系和(iii)权力和地位相关的三对主题,并在两组中创建了两个与证言和解释性不公正相关的共享主题。结论临床和非临床听话者均描述了在更广泛的社会中经历的认知不公。为非临床声音聆听者提供的“避风港”(例如,通灵教堂)在某种程度上改善了这种影响,允许人们在一个非评判和接受的社区中与其他有类似经历的人建立联系。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
British Journal of Clinical Psychology
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