International Journal of Intercultural Relations最新文献_第6页

Role of attachment style, acculturation orientation, and social support in the acculturation of international students in China 依恋风格、文化适应取向和社会支持在中国留学生文化适应中的作用

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102087

Man Luo , Awan Hasham Ikram , Xiaofang Zhang , Fang Peng , Jing Zhao , Haijun Deng

Herein, we examined the impact of attachment style, acculturation orientation, and social support on psychological distress and sociocultural adaptation difficulties among international students in China. This study was based on an online survey that involved 229 international students [117 (51.05 %) Asians, 105 (45.46 %) Africans, 3 (1.74 %) Europeans, 1 (0.44 %) Oceanian, and 3 (1.74 %) from the Americas]. Our sample’s average [Standard Deviation (SD)] GHQ-12 and Sociocultural Adaptation Scale (SCAS) scores were 0.906 (0.477) and 2.240 (0.746), respectively. Furthermore, hierarchical regression analysis revealed that our predictors could account for 25.4 % and 14.3 % of the explained variance in international students’ psychological distress and sociocultural difficulties, respectively. In such instances, Chinese language proficiency correlated negatively with both psychological distress and sociocultural adaptation difficulties. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between attachment avoidance/anxiety and psychological distress, as well as between attachment anxiety and sociocultural adaptation difficulties. Moreover, heritage culture orientation and co-national support correlated negatively with psychological distress. Besides providing valuable insights for policymakers in education, our findings could also aid international students in quickly and effectively adapting to new environments.

在此，我们研究了依恋风格、文化适应取向和社会支持对中国留学生心理困扰和社会文化适应困难的影响。本研究基于一项在线调查，共涉及 229 名留学生[117 人（51.05%）为亚洲人，105 人（45.46%）为非洲人，3 人（1.74%）为欧洲人，1 人（0.44%）为大洋洲人，3 人（1.74%）为美洲人]。样本的 GHQ-12 和社会文化适应量表（SCAS）平均得分[标准差（SD）]分别为 0.906 (0.477) 和 2.240 (0.746)。此外，分层回归分析表明，我们的预测因子分别占留学生心理困扰和社会文化困难解释变异的 25.4% 和 14.3%。其中，汉语水平与心理困扰和社会文化适应困难均呈负相关。此外，依恋回避/焦虑与心理困扰呈正相关，依恋焦虑与社会文化适应困难也呈正相关。此外，遗产文化取向和共同国家支持与心理困扰呈负相关。我们的研究结果除了能为教育政策制定者提供有价值的见解外，还能帮助留学生快速有效地适应新环境。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing thriving during COVID-19: The role of spirituality in fostering self-esteem among sojourners 增强 COVID-19 期间的茁壮成长：灵性在促进旅居者自尊方面的作用

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102085

Ian S. Mercer , Jing Hua , Lu Zheng , Alan G. Walker , Shelley A. Davis , Charles Coco

The COVID-19 pandemic was particularly impactful on sojourners, absent from their families and unable to return home. This study explores how spirituality may impact self-esteem and how this may affect thriving during such a challenging time. Specifically, adopting a positive psychology framework, we expected higher/lower levels of spirituality would result in higher/lower levels of daily self-esteem, which in turn would result in higher/lower levels of daily thriving. We measured these daily fluctuations over a 9-day period by using a diary study. Results supported our hypothesized model. These findings extend our understanding of the role of spirituality during COVID-19 pandemic.

COVID-19 大流行对远离家人、无法回家的寄居者的影响尤为严重。本研究探讨了灵性如何影响自尊，以及在这样一个充满挑战的时期，灵性如何影响他们的茁壮成长。具体来说，通过采用积极心理学框架，我们预计较高/较低的灵性水平将导致较高/较低的日常自尊水平，进而导致较高/较低的日常茁壮成长水平。我们通过一项日记研究，测量了 9 天内的日常波动情况。结果支持了我们的假设模型。这些研究结果扩展了我们对 COVID-19 大流行期间精神作用的理解。

引用次数: 0

The ongoing impact: A 4-wave longitudinal study on how loss and avoidance coping lead to long-term challenges after COVID 持续的影响：四波纵向研究：COVID 后损失和回避应对如何导致长期挑战

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102086

Liuqing Wei , Alexander S. English , Thomas Talhelm , Xinyi Zhang , Lu Zheng , Qionghan Zhang

COVID-19 changed the world we live in. We need research to understand the challenges people are still experiencing. We used a longitudinal design to test the relationships among non-death loss, avoidance coping, and perceived COVID-19 impact before and after China’s dramatic zero-COVID policy reversal. We tracked 270 emerging adults who just graduated from college at four time-points from June 2022 to December 2023. Two waves were conducted before the end of zero-COVID policy; one wave was immediately after the policy ended (Dec. 2022); and one wave was one full year later. Non-death losses were consistently associated with increased perceived COVID-19 impact at later stages. This association remained consistent even one year after the end of zero-COVID policy. People tended to use more avoidance coping immediately after the policy transition, but it did not have longitudinal associations with perceived COVID-19 impact. Our findings suggest that non-death loss has a long-lasting psychological impact of COVID-19.

COVID-19 改变了我们生活的世界。我们需要通过研究来了解人们仍在经历的挑战。我们采用纵向设计，测试了在中国戏剧性的零加征关税政策逆转前后，非死亡损失、回避应对和感知到的 COVID-19 影响之间的关系。我们在 2022 年 6 月至 2023 年 12 月的四个时间点对 270 名刚从大学毕业的成年人进行了追踪调查。其中两波是在零高考志愿填报政策结束前进行的，一波是在政策结束后（2022 年 12 月）立即进行的，还有一波是在整整一年后进行的。在后期阶段，非死亡损失始终与 COVID-19 影响的增加相关。即使在零 COVID 政策结束一年后，这种关联仍保持不变。在政策过渡后，人们倾向于立即使用更多的回避应对方法，但这与感知到的 COVID-19 影响没有纵向联系。我们的研究结果表明，非死亡损失会对 COVID-19 产生长期的心理影响。

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引用次数: 0

“Give and take is the key”: Reciprocity leads to psychological well-being of North Korean refugees in South Korea "互惠互利是关键互惠使在南朝鲜的北朝鲜难民心理健康

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102080

Soim Park , Jennifer A. Wenzel , Jin-Won Kim , Pamela J. Surkan

Social support may facilitate North Korean refugee (NKR) resettlement in South Korea. However, little is known about how NKRs perceive support. We aim to understand how support exchange and reciprocity evolve throughout NKR migration trajectories and how they are related to psychological well-being. From September to December 2019, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 NKRs and 20 of their South Korean (SK) acquaintances. We analyzed data using a grounded theory approach. Prior to arrival in South Korea, NKRs resided in mutually interdependent communities where reciprocation of support was a moral norm. However, support exchange became predominantly unidirectional in South Korea, with NKRs becoming recipients and SKs being givers. Several NKRs expressed discomfort with being dependent on others, preventing them from requesting support when it was needed. SKs also described distress from not receiving minimum levels of reciprocity or gratitude. Some NKRs managed this unease through reciprocating either to the giver or to others in need. Acts of reciprocity were described as sources of happiness, satisfaction, and pleasure, increasing self-esteem. Overall, exchange of support and reciprocity within one’s social network may be important and yet overlooked features of relationships that contribute to psychological well-being of NKRs.

社会支持可能有助于北朝鲜难民（NKR）在韩国重新定居。然而，人们对北朝鲜难民如何看待支持却知之甚少。我们旨在了解支持交换和互惠在北朝鲜难民的整个迁移轨迹中是如何演变的，以及它们与心理健康的关系。从 2019 年 9 月到 12 月，我们对 30 名新喀里多尼亚人及其 20 名韩国（SK）熟人进行了半结构化访谈。我们采用基础理论方法对数据进行了分析。在抵达韩国之前，新朝鲜人居住在相互依存的社区中，相互支持是一种道德规范。然而，在韩国，支持交换主要是单向的，NKR 成了接受者，而 SK 则是给予者。一些新韩国人对依赖他人表示不适，这使他们无法在需要时请求支持。传统知识分子也描述了没有得到最低限度的回报或感激的苦恼。一些 NKR 通过对给予者或其他有需要的人进行回报来缓解这种不安。互惠行为被描述为幸福、满足和快乐的源泉，增强了自尊。总之，在一个人的社会网络中交换支持和互惠可能是人际关系中重要而又被忽视的特征，有助于促进新科索沃人的心理健康。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond borders: The effects of perceived cultural distance, cultural intelligence, cross-cultural adaptation on academic performance among international students of higher education 超越国界：感知到的文化距离、文化智能、跨文化适应对高校留学生学习成绩的影响

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102083

Lingjie Tang , Chang’an Zhang, Yu Cui

Perceived cultural distance (PCD) has been established as a significant factor influencing academic performance; however, limited knowledge exists regarding the intricate mediating and moderating mechanisms that underlie this relationship. The present study seeks to contribute to the existing literature by exploring the potential mediating role of cross-cultural adaptation and the moderating influence of cultural intelligence (CQ) in the relationships between PCD and academic performance among international students in China. The theoretical model was tested using survey data that measured international students' PCD, CQ, and cross-cultural adaptation in academic, psychological, and sociocultural domains, along with their academic performance. The findings revealed that (1) PCD exhibits a direct and negative influence on academic performance; (2) Three dimensions of cross-cultural adaptation, namely academic, psychological, and sociocultural adaptation, operate as mediators in the link between PCD and academic performance; (3) CQ, functioning as a moderator, weakens the negative association between PCD and academic performance. These results underscore the pivotal role of PCD in the realm of cross-cultural learning for international students, particularly those engaged in educational pursuits within the Chinese higher education landscape. The study also highlights the protective effects of all four aspects of CQ (metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral CQ) on the adaptation processes and academic performance of these sojourning students in the face of cultural differences.

感知文化距离（PCD）已被确定为影响学业成绩的一个重要因素；然而，关于这种关系背后错综复杂的中介和调节机制的知识却很有限。本研究试图通过探讨跨文化适应的潜在中介作用和文化智能（CQ）在中国留学生的感知文化距离与学业成绩关系中的调节作用，为现有文献做出贡献。研究利用调查数据对留学生在学术、心理和社会文化领域的 PCD、CQ 和跨文化适应性以及学习成绩进行了检验。研究结果表明：（1）PCD 对学业成绩有直接的负面影响；（2）跨文化适应的三个维度，即学业适应、心理适应和社会文化适应，在 PCD 与学业成绩之间起着中介作用；（3）CQ 起着调节作用，削弱了 PCD 与学业成绩之间的负相关。这些结果凸显了 PCD 在留学生跨文化学习领域中的关键作用，尤其是那些在中国高等教育领域中从事教育追求的留学生。本研究还强调了CQ的所有四个方面（元认知CQ、认知CQ、动机CQ和行为CQ）在面对文化差异时对这些旅居学生的适应过程和学业成绩的保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Academic adaptation of international students in the chinese higher education environment: A case study with mixed methods 中国高等教育环境中留学生的学业适应性：混合方法案例研究

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102082

Yuezu Mao

Although the number of international students (ISs) studying in Chinese higher education institutions is growing, their academic adaptation experiences remain under-investigated. This study employed a case study with a convergent design to understand how ISs experienced academic adaptation. It was found that ISs’ academic adaptation is related to a series of individual (motivation, language proficiency, acculturation strategies) and sociocultural (support resources, intercultural training) factors as well as the interplay of the factors over time. At the group level, academic adaptation was positively associated with motivation, bilingual proficiency (Mandarin and English), the integration strategy, perceived support from Chinese teachers, and intercultural training, and negatively related to the marginalization strategy. Further qualitative findings through reflective journals explained how ISs’ motivational adjustments, their improvement in Mandarin and English proficiency, the adoption of integration in different situations, and the use of heterogeneous functions of intercultural training and support resources contributed to individual ISs’ academic journey in China. Informed by these empirical findings, this study offers implications for the support and training of ISs.

尽管在中国高等院校就读的留学生（ISs）人数不断增加，但对他们的学术适应经历的研究仍然不足。本研究采用聚合设计的案例研究来了解留学生如何体验学术适应。研究发现，ISs的学业适应与一系列个体因素（学习动机、语言能力、文化适应策略）和社会文化因素（支持资源、跨文化培训）以及这些因素随着时间的推移而产生的相互作用有关。在群体层面上，学业适应与学习动机、双语能力（普通话和英语）、融入策略、感知到的来自中国教师的支持以及跨文化培训呈正相关，而与边缘化策略呈负相关。通过反思日记得出的进一步定性研究结果解释了ISs的动机调整、普通话和英语水平的提高、在不同情况下采取的融合策略以及跨文化培训和支持资源的异质功能的使用如何促进了ISs个人在中国的学术之旅。根据这些实证研究结果，本研究为ISs的支持和培训提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0

Bright and dark sides: Does collective behavior past participation experience affect participation willingness? 光明与黑暗面：集体行为过去的参与经历会影响参与意愿吗？

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102078

Meng Cai , Han Luo , Xiao Meng

In the process of cultural adaptation from rural to urban areas, it is an essential issue to understand the collective behavior of migrant workers in cross-cultural conflicts. The lack of an effective response to collective behavior not only causes serious physical and psychological damage to migrant workers but also affects the city’s stability and society’s harmony. From the perspective of typology, this study divided collective behavior into two types: positive collective behavior and negative collective behavior. Based on the data of 1925 samples collected through questionnaires from Shenzhen, China, OLS regression and a generalized propensity score were used to investigate the influence of collective behavior participation experience on participation willingness, as well as the moderating and mediating mechanisms of social networks and perceived institutional support. Empirical results demonstrated that different types of participation experience had a positive predictive effect on participation willingness, and participation experience had a more substantial impact on participation willingness in the same direction. Concurrently, the study also found the moderating role of social networks and the mediating role of perceived institutional support between behavior and willingness. This theoretical-oriented empirical study found the mechanisms between collective behavior and willingness. Findings could help deepen the understanding of collective behavior, weaken the negative impact caused by group conflicts, and better maintain the physical and mental health of migrant workers.

在从农村到城市的文化适应过程中，如何理解跨文化冲突中农民工的集体行为是一个至关重要的问题。如果缺乏对集体行为的有效应对，不仅会给农民工造成严重的身心伤害，也会影响城市的稳定与社会的和谐。从类型学的角度，本研究将集体行为分为积极集体行为和消极集体行为两种类型。基于从中国深圳通过问卷调查收集到的 1925 个样本数据，采用 OLS 回归和广义倾向得分来研究集体行为参与经验对参与意愿的影响，以及社会网络和感知制度支持的调节和中介机制。实证结果表明，不同类型的参与经验对参与意愿有正向预测作用，而参与经验对参与意愿的影响在同一方向上更大。同时，研究还发现了社会网络的调节作用以及感知到的制度支持在行为和意愿之间的中介作用。这项以理论为导向的实证研究发现了集体行为与意愿之间的机制。研究结果有助于加深对集体行为的理解，削弱群体冲突带来的负面影响，更好地维护农民工的身心健康。

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引用次数: 0

Sense of belongingness, discrimination, and mental health: Associations and buffering effects of sense of belonging on mental health among Finnish native and immigrant-origin youth 归属感、歧视和心理健康：芬兰本土青年和移民青年的归属感对心理健康的影响和缓冲作用

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102081

Rekar Abdulhamed , Lauri Hietajärvi , Natalia Skogberg , Reija Klemetti , Kirsti Lonka

A sense of belonging is crucial for mental health and well-being, but immigrants may find achieving a sense of belonging elusive. This study examined the relationship between sense of belonging and mental health among Finnish native, and first- and second-generation immigrant adolescents (N = 61 540) in Finland. Moreover, we estimated whether sense of belonging buffered the negative effect of experienced discrimination on mental health. Immigrants were split into two groups based on their countries of origin: Iraq, Iran, Somalia, and Afghanistan (MENAP, predominantly forced migration), and to immigrant adolescents from other countries (OCO, predominantly voluntary migration). Using structural equation modelling, we estimated the association of sense of belonging with symptoms of depression, generalized anxiety, and positive mental well-being. Finally, we conducted moderation analyses to estimate whether sense of belonging mitigated the negative effect of discrimination on mental health. Our findings revealed a strong negative link between sense of belonging and symptoms of depression, and anxiety, particularly among first-generation MENAP youth. The positive relation of sense of belonging with mental well-being was weaker among all groups, especially among first-generation. Importantly, sense of belonging buffered the negative effect of discrimination on mental health, mostly with similar estimates across groups. We discuss the possible reasons explaining the group differences and present possible actions needed for schools and mental health services in addressing the needs of immigrant youth.

归属感对心理健康和幸福感至关重要，但移民可能会发现归属感难以实现。本研究考察了芬兰本土青少年、第一代和第二代移民青少年（人数=61 540）的归属感与心理健康之间的关系。此外，我们还估计了归属感是否能缓冲经历歧视对心理健康的负面影响。移民根据其原籍国分为两组：伊拉克、伊朗、索马里和阿富汗（MENAP，主要是被迫移民），以及来自其他国家的移民青少年（OCO，主要是自愿移民）。通过结构方程模型，我们估算了归属感与抑郁症状、广泛焦虑和积极心理健康之间的关系。最后，我们进行了调节分析，以估计归属感是否减轻了歧视对心理健康的负面影响。我们的研究结果表明，归属感与抑郁症状和焦虑症状之间存在很强的负相关，尤其是在第一代中东和北非裔青少年中。在所有群体中，归属感与心理健康的正相关关系较弱，尤其是在第一代人中。重要的是，归属感缓冲了歧视对心理健康的负面影响，不同群体的估计值大多相似。我们讨论了造成群体差异的可能原因，并提出了学校和心理健康服务机构在满足移民青少年需求方面可能需要采取的行动。

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引用次数: 0

Sea turtles stranded ashore: Sociocultural dissonance and identity conflicts in migration intentions of Chinese international student returnees 搁浅在岸上的海龟中国留学生归国移民意向中的社会文化失调与身份冲突

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102079

Ruining Jin , Tam-Tri Le , Ruoqing Gao , Qiang Shen , Xiao Wang

In the post-COVID-19 era, Chinese international student returnees are facing greater identity conflicts during their reintegration. Understanding their sociocultural and ideological identity negotiation will better accommodate their needs and facilitate their integration into society. This study explored identity conflicts experienced by Chinese student returnees across ecological systems after reentry to China during COVID-19. A qualitative approach was used with 20 returnees. The key findings of this study reveal multi-layered conflicts stemming from the discordance between traditional Eastern values and newly acquired Western perspectives across meso-to-macro systems. In addition, important factors corresponding to returnees’ social capital were identified during the acculturation. Coping mechanisms and migration intentions were observed to vary distinctly among the identified identity clusters. Individuals with a "homestayer" identity, characterized by a deep commitment to integrating with the Chinese community and a higher level of perceived social capital in China, predominantly employed positive coping strategies, such as behavioral adaptation. This group exhibited a strong inclination to remain in China. Conversely, those with a "wayfarer" identity, who experienced deeper immersion in foreign cultures and displayed critical views towards Chinese society with a perceived low social capital in China, tended to adopt negative coping strategies like social withdrawal, correlating with a pronounced intention to migrate. Finally, "navigators", who skillfully balance their native Chinese and foreign cultural identities and effectively manage transnational engagements and diverse cultural norms through their perceived strong social capital in both societies, demonstrated a tendency towards hybrid coping strategies tailored to individual scenarios, reflecting a nuanced, case-by-case approach. This group exhibited a mixed migration intention, indicative of their flexible identity orientation. These findings suggest the need for multi-level support systems and policies that not only facilitate returnee identity continuity but also foster an inclusive and diverse societal framework to effectively retain this valuable population.

在后 "COVID-19 "时代，中国归国留学生在重新融入社会的过程中面临着更大的身份冲突。了解他们在社会文化和意识形态方面的身份协商，可以更好地满足他们的需求，促进他们融入社会。本研究探讨了在 COVID-19 期间，中国留学回国人员在重返中国后在不同生态系统中经历的身份冲突。本研究采用定性方法对 20 名海归进行了研究。本研究的主要发现揭示了多层次的冲突，这些冲突源于传统东方价值观与新获得的西方视角在中观到宏观系统之间的不协调。此外，在文化适应过程中，还发现了与海归社会资本相对应的重要因素。据观察，在已确定的身份群组中，应对机制和移民意向存在明显差异。具有 "归国者 "身份的人，其特点是对融入华人社区有很深的承诺，并认为自己在中国拥有较高水平的社会资本，他们主要采用积极的应对策略，如行为适应。这一群体表现出强烈的留在中国的倾向。与此相反，那些具有 "旅行者 "身份的人，在外国文化中经历了更深的熏陶，对中国社会持批判态度，认为自己在中国的社会资本较低，他们倾向于采取消极的应对策略，如社会退缩，这与明显的移民意向相关。最后是 "领航者"，他们巧妙地平衡了自己的中国本土文化身份和外国文化身份，并通过其在两个社会的强大社会资本有效地处理跨国交往和不同的文化规范，他们倾向于根据个人情况采取混合应对策略，反映了一种细致入微、因人而异的方法。这一群体表现出混合移民意向，表明了他们灵活的身份取向。这些研究结果表明，有必要制定多层次的支持系统和政策，不仅要促进回归者身份的连续性，还要促进包容和多样化的社会框架，以有效留住这一宝贵群体。

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引用次数: 0

50+ years of psychological acculturation research: Progress and challenges 50 多年的心理文化适应研究：进展与挑战

IF 2.4 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2024.102076

David L. Sam

Acculturation psychology, now over fifty years old, has evolved significantly since its inception in the mid-1960s. This paper seeks to shape the future of the field by addressing recent criticisms and controversies such as the association between integration and adaptation. The author reflects on acculturation psychology’s journey and highlights how global migration trends have accelerated the growth of acculturation as a critical area in psychology. Despite its popularity, the field has faced methodological challenges that necessitate a review of psychometric issues and foundational models. Given the profound impact of acculturation research on millions of lives, our findings must be clear and uncontested. The paper calls for re-evaluating the field's goals and objectives in light of the evolving ethnic compositions of societies. It advocates for leveraging methodological advancements and sophisticated statistical tools to ensure that acculturation research continues to contribute positively to humanity.

文化适应心理学自二十世纪六十年代中期创立以来，已经走过了五十多年的历程，取得了长足的发展。本文试图通过探讨最近的批评和争议（如融合与适应之间的关联）来塑造该领域的未来。作者回顾了文化适应心理学的发展历程，强调了全球移民趋势如何加速了文化适应作为心理学重要领域的发展。尽管这一领域很受欢迎，但它也面临着方法论方面的挑战，因此有必要对心理测量问题和基础模型进行回顾。鉴于文化适应研究对数百万人生活的深远影响，我们的研究结果必须清晰明确、无可争议。本文呼吁根据不断变化的社会种族构成，重新评估该领域的目标和目的。它主张利用方法上的进步和先进的统计工具，确保文化适应研究继续为人类做出积极贡献。

引用次数: 0