Journal of Psychology最新文献

The current study investigated the effects of emotional empathy and self-assertiveness on interpersonal success through the mediating role of managing interpersonal conflicts using structural equation modeling (SEM). The sample of this study was 294 young adults in Yasuj City, Iran, who were selected using the purposive sampling method in a cross-sectional study. The Emotional Empathy Scale (EES), the Assertion Inventory (AI), the Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-Form A (ROC-II), and the Basic Adlerian Scales for Interpersonal Success-Adult Form (BASIS-A) were utilized for data collection. The results indicated that emotional empathy, self-assertiveness, and conflict management significantly correlate with interpersonal success. Emotional empathy and self-assertiveness show a significantly indirect correlation with interpersonal success, which is mediated by managing interpersonal conflicts. Also, emotional empathy, self-assertiveness, and management of interpersonal conflicts collectively accounted for 74.9% of the variance in interpersonal success within this sample. The findings demonstrated a well-structured SEM that depicts the effects of emotional empathy and self-assertiveness on interpersonal success, mediated by managing interpersonal conflicts. These findings have implications for psychological interventions targeting interpersonal issues in adults.

Understanding the intricate social and psychological processes influencing mental health is key to crafting effective treatments. Intimate romantic relationships play an important role in individual well-being. The aftermath of relationship dissolution can have devastating emotional effects, particularly in cases of deception or betrayal, such as infidelity. The current study aimed to explore women's actual and anticipated responses to infidelity in their romantic relationships. Specifically, this study focused on the roles of personality, self-esteem, adult attachment, and commitment in forgiveness and relationship continuation. Four hundred heterosexual women (M = 22.27 years old, SD = 6.30) responded to study measures. About 49% of the sample reported real experiences of partner cheating, and 43% of those women chose to stay post-infidelity. The research findings suggest that previous experiences with infidelity and personality, specifically extraversion, may be predictive of women's anticipated reactions to a partner's affair (p = .002). Attachment style and self-esteem may also weakly relate to forgiveness and relationship stability for imagined instances of infidelity. For actual reactions to infidelity, results related to intrapersonal variables and past cheating experiences were inconclusive (p = .894). In this sample, women were more inclined to forgive emotional infidelity than sexual infidelity. Due to the small effects observed, the results of this study should be interpreted with caution. Future research into the underlying intrapersonal factors influencing responses to infidelity is warranted. Insights gained from this study could contribute to developing effective treatment interventions for individuals and couples navigating the complexities of relational dishonesty.

Childhood maltreatment is a known risk factor for physical and mental health, often reducing adult life satisfaction. Despite its importance, few studies have examined the relationship between childhood maltreatment and loneliness/life satisfaction from the perspective of sleep problems. A sample of 779 participants (40.4% males, M_age = 25.97 years, SD_age = 6.36) completed an online questionnaire assessing childhood maltreatment, sleep problems, loneliness, and life satisfaction. Using structural equation modeling, a serial mediation model was tested to examine the pathways linking these variables. Additionally, network analysis was employed to explore the interrelationships between sleep problems and loneliness. The results indicated that childhood maltreatment was negatively associated with life satisfaction. Furthermore, sleep problems and loneliness sequentially mediated this relationship, suggesting that childhood maltreatment may lead to increased sleep disturbances, which in turn exacerbate feelings of loneliness, ultimately reducing life satisfaction. Network analysis revealed that "Medication intake" play a central role in the covariation between these constructs. The results underscore the chain-mediated role of sleep problems and loneliness in the association between childhood maltreatment and life satisfaction. The findings suggest that interventions targeting sleep disturbances and loneliness could be effective strategies for improving life satisfaction among individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment. This study offers practical implications for intervention programs aimed at enhancing well-being in affected populations.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological flexibility and ontological well-being among adults. The participants consisted of 477 adults aged 18 to 65 years (M = 25.84, SD = 7.62), recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic information form, the Psychological Flexibility Scale, and the Ontological Well-Being Scale. Pearson correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and independent samples t-tests were conducted to analyze the data. The results indicated that psychological flexibility was positively associated with ontological well-being. Furthermore, male participants and those who were married or in a romantic relationship reported higher levels of psychological flexibility and ontological well-being. Additionally, even after controlling for age, gender, relationship status, and socioeconomic status, the sub-dimensions of psychological flexibility significantly predicted ontological well-being. The strongest predictors of ontological well-being were the defusion, acceptance, and present-moment-awareness sub-dimensions of psychological flexibility, respectively. In conclusion, interventions aimed at enhancing psychological flexibility may contribute significantly to improving ontological well-being among adults.

This study examines a serial mediation framework to gain a deeper understanding of how social media use affects mental health. Many young people experience a sense of emotional overload from constant connectivity (i.e., digital stress), which may be one of the earliest signs of psychological strain, and the impact on self-concept clarity may further compound these effects. Thus, we examined how digital stress and self-concept clarity may serially mediate the relation between social media use and depressive symptoms. The study sample consisted of 995 Romanian participants aged 17 to 79 (M = 25.05, SD = 9.52; 63.22% female). Results suggested a positive association between digital stress and social media use and a negative association between self-concept clarity, digital stress, and depressive symptoms. Results also indicated a significant link between prolonged social media usage and digital stress, as well as a correlation between elevated digital stress levels and low self-concept clarity scores, which in turn, seemed to contribute to the development of depressive symptoms. However, the relation between digital stress and self-concept clarity did not fully account for the positive correlation between social media usage time and depressive symptoms. Thus, the mediation effect was incomplete, as the direct relationship between social media use and depressive symptoms persisted, remaining positive and statistically significant. We discuss these findings in terms of their practical implications for mitigating the effects of social media use on individuals' mental health, with a focus on the relationship between digital stress and self-concept clarity.

Phishing attacks account for a sizable number of data breaches and are costly to individuals and organizations. A burgeoning literature is developing on how individual differences predict people's susceptibility to phishing attacks. Within this literature, an intriguing idea has been proffered: People higher (vs. lower) in the Dark Triad (DT) constructs (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) - best known for victimizing others - may be more susceptible to phishing attacks. Nonetheless, the relationship between DT constructs and phishing susceptibility is rarely studied and remains poorly understood. We proposed that the relationship between DT constructs and phishing susceptibility could be due to these constructs being associated with deficiencies in the social awareness aspect of social-cognitive intelligence. College participants (N = 461) completed multi-faceted measures of DT constructs and measures of their social awareness, cognitive reflectiveness, and social information processing ability. Participants were exposed to various phishing emails, and we measured their susceptibility to respond to them. Generally, each DT facet related to greater susceptibility to phishing due to the facet's association with lower social awareness (controlling for cognitive reflectiveness and social information processing); only an agentic aspect of narcissism related to enhanced phishing susceptibility apart from its association with social awareness, cognitive reflectiveness, and social information processing. Broadly, the findings offer initial insight into how the DT may relate to phishing susceptibility and may help inform efforts to better understand who is vulnerable to phishing scams.

Body surveillance was found to be positively associated with adolescent suicidal ideation. However, the underlying mechanism of how body surveillance affects suicidal ideation and sex differences in this relationship remains to be examined. The current study aims to investigate the potential mediating effects of body shame and self-criticism in the association between body surveillance and suicidal ideation, as well as sex differences in the model using a longitudinal design. A total of 1,653 Chinese adolescents (M_age = 16.77, SD_age = 0.84; 41.9% males) were followed over three waves, 2 months apart. Results indicated that body surveillance did not affect suicidal ideation directly, but through the mediation of self-criticism and the serial mediation of body shame and self-criticism. Sex differences also existed in the mediation model. These findings identified two mediation variables in the association between body surveillance and suicidal ideation in adolescence. Further interventions are needed to develop effective prevention and intervention strategies targeting adolescent body surveillance behaviors.

Understanding the impact of changes in perceived stress on mental health is critical for advancing targeted interventions; however, the psychological mechanisms underpinning these processes remain largely unexplored. Grounded in the Dual-Factor System of Mental Health (DFM) and Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study explores the intra-individual effects of changes in perceived stress on depression and flourishing, focusing on resources such as meaning in life, perceived social support, and individual autonomy. A total of 1,315 college students were surveyed during the COVID-19 college closures (T1) and subsequent reopening (T2). Latent Change Score Models revealed that only changes in perceived social support and individual autonomy served as protective mediators for changes in depression, while all resources contributed to changes in flourishing. Network analysis further supports the protective role of changes in perceived social support on depression and identifies changes in flourishing as central. These findings enhance our understanding of stress coping by capturing the detailed dynamics of both positive and negative dimensions, while providing actionable insights for developing context-specific resource interventions to address challenges in mental health.

Social-emotional skills serve to fortify contemporary students, boosting their capacity to navigate stress and enhance their ability to form and maintain positive social bonds. This study ascertained the influence of parental warmth on the social-emotional competencies of college students, examining potential mediating mechanisms through their social and psychological well-being. Utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM) with data collected from 362 participants, findings demonstrated that both maternal and paternal warmth positively affected students' psychological well-being. Notably, it was observed that paternal warmth played a significant role in predicting students' social well-being, while maternal warmth did not exhibit the same level of significance. Additionally, it was found that both maternal and paternal warmth exerted positive influence on students' social-emotional skills by way of fostering their psychological and social well-being. These results underscored the nuanced roles of parental warmth in shaping the emotional and social development of emerging adults, highlighting the interconnectedness of psychological and social factors in parental impact research.

This research (n = 487) extends prior research on relational sacrifices by analyzing the influence of communal strength on the perceived costs and benefits of making work and family sacrifices. It also analyzes the role of feeling authentic and appreciated by the partner for making these sacrifices in the perception. Regarding work sacrifices, the findings documented that those women (but not men) high in communal strength perceived greater benefits of making them because they felt more authentic and feeling greater partner appreciation. Concerning family sacrifices, the results revealed that communal strength did not predict the benefits of making these sacrifices. Nonetheless, we found that both women and men who felt more authentic after making a family sacrifice perceived more benefits because they experienced greater partner appreciation. In general, this pattern seems to reflect that women value family and work sacrifices, with the last ones triggered by the motivation to satisfy the needs of others (communal strength). In contrast, regardless of the communal strength, men continue to value only family sacrifices without considering work sacrifices.