Journal of Psychology最新文献

Parental phubbing refers to the extent to which parents reduce interaction with their children or ignore them when parents are distracted by their smartphones. Parental phubbing has been shown to negatively affect adolescents' psychological and behavioral outcomes, including prosocial behaviors. However, few studies have employed a longitudinal design to examine the relation, leaving the underlying mediating and moderating mechanisms largely unexplored. Guided by attachment theory and the risky families model, the current study aimed to investigate the relation between parental phubbing and prosocial behaviors, and explore the mediating role of loneliness and the moderating role of neuroticism. A total of 2,407 Chinese adolescents (50.23% girl, M_age = 12.75, SD = .58 at baseline) from seven schools was assessed at three time points: T1, T2 (12 months after T1) and T3 (12 months after T2). Using a longitudinal moderated mediation model and controlling for age, sex, family socioeconomic status, and baseline prosocial behaviors, higher parental phubbing at T1 predicted lower prosocial behaviors at T3. Loneliness at T2 played a mediating role between parental phubbing at T1 and prosocial behaviors at T3. Moreover, neuroticism at T1 moderated the relation between parental phubbing and prosocial behaviors, as well as loneliness and prosocial behaviors. Specifically, for adolescents high in neuroticism, higher parental phubbing was associated with lower prosocial behaviors while this association was nonsignificant for adolescents low in neuroticism. For adolescents low in neuroticism, higher loneliness was associated with lower prosocial behaviors while this association was nonsignificant for adolescents high in neuroticism.

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious mental health issues among emerging adults. Despite previous theory positing the potential role of filial piety, a Chinese-culture specific psychosocial factor, in NSSI, yet few studies have investigated the association between them. This study aimed to examine the impacts of reciprocal and authoritarian filial piety (RFP/AFP) on emerging adults' NSSI through positive/negative self-compassion (PSC/NSC). A total of 2,320 Chinese college students (58.6% females) were included. Three waves of longitudinal data were collected with six-month intervals. At Time 1, filial piety, self-compassion and NSSI were assessed. Then, self-compassion was assessed again at Time 2, and NSSI was assessed again at Time 3. Finally, structural equation model was established to test the research hypotheses. Our results indicated that RFP increased NSC and subsequently increased NSSI (β = .007, 95%CI = [.001, .015], p = .018), but predominantly decreased NSSI by increasing PSC (β = -0.014, 95%CI = [-0.023, -0.007], p < .001). Conversely, AFP decreased both PSC (β = .007, 95%CI = [.002, .014], p = .002) and NSC (β = -0.006, 95%CI = [-0.013, -0.001], p = .016), but predominantly increased NSSI more by decreasing PSC. These findings highlight the important role of filial piety in emerging adults' NSSI and elucidate its dual effects on NSSI via self-compassion. Preliminary insights that may inform practical implications were provided by these findings.

Flow, a state of deep absorption in an activity, is linked to enhanced performance and well-being. Mindfulness, emphasizing present-moment awareness and acceptance, may promote flow. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on flow state and trait in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched (2022, updated January 2024). Inclusion criteria followed PICOS standards: healthy participants following a MBI or control intervention, using validated flow assessments. Exclusion criteria were non-peer-reviewed, qualitative studies, non-RCT designs, and clinical populations. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane's RoB2 tool. Eight RCTs (293 participants, 52% female, median intervention duration 7 weeks) met inclusion criteria. The random-effects meta-analysis showed a positive effect of MBIs on flow outcomes (SMD = 0.777, 95% CI [0.505, 1.049], p < 0.0001), with low heterogeneity (I² = 22.59%, PI = [0.3230, 1.2314]). Publication bias was minimal, as indicated by Egger's test (p = 0.108) and trim-and-fill analyses. Although 50% of the included studies were rated as having a high risk of bias, sensitivity analyses did not reveal important deviations from mean effect. Studies suggest that MBIs meaningfully enhance flow state and trait. Mechanistic insights suggest that MBIs improve flow by enhancing attention, present-moment awareness, and reducing self-critical thoughts. However, small sample sizes and high risk of bias warrant caution. Future research should investigate dose-response and follow-up effects of interventions on specific dimensions of flow and ensure a rigorous assessment of bias risk and evidence synthesis.

Increasing evidence indicates a meaningful association between childhood trauma and Internet addiction; however, less is known with respect to the psychological mechanism underlying this relationship. The present study examined the serial mediating roles of emotion dysregulation and depression, and the moderating role of resilience, in the link between childhood trauma and Internet addiction. A total of 869 university students (F = 57.2%, M = 42.8%; M_age= 20.76 ± 1.61) participated in the study. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16), and the Internet Addiction Test-Short Form (IAT-SF) were used as the data collection tools. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations among childhood trauma, emotion dysregulation, depression, and Internet addiction, but resilience was negatively correlated with these variables. Further analyses demonstrated that childhood trauma predicted Internet addiction indirectly through emotion dysregulation and depression while its direct effect was not significant. These indirect effects, however, were diminished by resilience, supporting a moderated mediation model. Accordingly, emotion dysregulation and depression may serve as psychological mechanisms that transfer the impacts of childhood trauma to Internet addiction, but resilience could mitigate these effects. Interventions that target these psychological factors may help reduce the problem of Internet addiction among university students with a history of childhood trauma.

Newly graduated nurses entering the workforce often encounter impostor phenomenon (IP), which produces feelings of intellectual phoniness and inadequacy despite personal achievements. We aimed to examine the extent of IP among newly graduated nurses entering the workforce in Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted via a self-administered questionnaire in three hospitals in Saudi Arabia. The collected data, including sociodemographic characteristics and the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale, were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance, and multiple regression. Among 101 participants, 16.8%, 52.5%, and 30.7% exhibited few IP characteristics, moderate IP, and frequent IP, respectively. Nurses who had less than one year of experience and those working in the obstetrics and gynecology department seemed more susceptible to IP. The emotional and professional impact of IP on early-career nurses emphasizes the importance of structured support systems, psychological interventions, and mentorship to build a more resilient and confident nursing workforce and improve patient care. Addressing IP among new nurses is essential for their retention and mental well-being, as well as for patient safety. Educators, administrators, and policymakers are encouraged to implement resilience training, peer support, and mentorship programs to help nurses navigate professional challenges with confidence, consequently enhancing individual well-being and improving the broader field of nursing.

This study explored possible mechanisms underlying the relationship between alexithymia and mobile phone addiction. The participants comprised 2,500 university students who were asked to complete the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Interaction Anxiousness Scale, the Core Self-evaluations Scale, and the Mobile Phone Addiction Index. The research found that social anxiety and core self-evaluation partially mediated the effect of alexithymia on mobile phone addiction, accounting for 22.5% and 42.4% of the total variance, respectively. When working sequentially, the relationship between alexithymia and mobile phone addiction was mediated by social anxiety and mobile phone addiction. The implications of the findings for preventing mobile phone addiction among college students are discussed.

ChatGPT has emerged as a focal point of interest among researchers and practitioners. However, little empirical research has examined its usage. Based on the Five Factor Model and the Technology Acceptance Model, this research examines the relationships between personality traits, specifically extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness, and ChatGPT usage, with social image and computer self-efficacy serving as mediators. In March 2023, this study surveyed 784 users in China, consisting of 462 males and 322 females, with an average age of 23.7. Our analysis reveals that extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness are positively associated with ChatGPT usage through sequential mediating involving social image and computer self-efficacy. While these traits demonstrate indirect associations with usage, openness and conscientiousness lack direct relationships with ChatGPT usage, and neither extraversion nor openness directly relates to computer self-efficacy. These findings offer in-depth perspectives for generative artificial intelligence technology developers and marketers to enhance user engagement strategies at their early stages.

Child maltreatment is a risk factor for developing psychopathic traits and other externalizing problems. However, little is known about the relationship between specific sorts of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), psychopathic traits, and related externalizing problems, especially in non-English-speaking countries. Therefore, this study investigates the role of ACEs in a wide range of externalizing problems, including psychopathic traits, in a sample of Spanish emerging adults. A total of 490 Spanish participants (62.4% female), aged 18-20 (M = 18.90), participated. Participants retrospectively completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire, and the Youth Psychopathic Inventory. They were recruited from community settings, using convenience and snowball sampling methods. Results showed that the number of ACEs predicted a higher likelihood of psychopathic traits, police problems, and drug use. Sexual abuse was the ACE with greater predictive power for future psychopathic traits. A common pattern was observed in the use of substances as a coping strategy in the face of a variety of ACEs (specifically physical abuse, sexual abuse, and household substance abuse). Nonetheless, witnessing domestic violence acted as a protective factor decreasing the odds of drug use. There was also evidence of intergenerational transmission of incarcerated relatives and the higher probability of the participants being in jail or prison, and household substance abuse and the higher substance use and alcohol consumption in participants. These findings strengthen the link between ACEs, psychopathic traits, and related outcomes, highlighting the critical policy relevance of ACEs research across disciplines.

This three-wave longitudinal study examined the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and adolescent mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and stress) by testing the mediating role of attentional control and the moderating role of self-esteem. 1150 adolescents (M/SD_age = 15.96/0.97 years, 55% female) completed a self-report questionnaire on dispositional mindfulness and mental health problems at T1 (baseline), attentional control and self-esteem at T2 (three-month follow-up), and mental health problems at T3 (six-month follow-up). Results showed that dispositional mindfulness at T1 negatively predicted mental health problems at T3, and attentional control at T2 mediated this association. In addition, self-esteem at T2 moderated the pathway from attentional control at T2 to depression at T3, suggesting that attentional control has a stronger predictive effect on depression in adolescents with low self-esteem. The findings highlight attentional control as a key mechanism of dispositional mindfulness in alleviating mental health problems, particularly for adolescents with low self-esteem. Implications for prevention and intervention in adolescent mental health problems are discussed.

Studies have shown anxious-ambivalent attachment commonly characterizes cyberbullying victims. Similarly, studies have shown an association between anxious-ambivalent attachment and problematic internet use (PIU). Previous studies have explained this asso-ciation by noting the high interpersonal needs of individuals with anxious-ambivalent attachment who are looking for social contact. Studies have demonstrated the destructive consequences of PIU, including cybervictimization. However, the possibility that PIU mediates the association between anxious-ambivalent attachment and cybervictimization has not been examined yet. Accordingly, this study aimed to: (1) examine the association between anxious-ambivalent attachment and PIU; (2) assess the relationship between PIU and cybervictimization; and (3) explore PIU's mediating effect between anxious-ambivalent attachment and cybervictimization. The sample comprised 170 Israeli young adults (63 men, 107 women), aged 19-34 (M = 26.26, SD = 3.02). Data were collected from October to December during the first semester of the academic year. Results showed that anxious-ambivalent attachment was significantly correlated with both PIU and cybervictimization, and PIU was correlated with cybervictimization. In addition, PIU fully mediated the relationship between anxious-ambivalent attachment and cybervictimization. These findings suggest that individuals with higher anxious-ambivalent attachment may engage in greater PIU, increasing their risk of cybervictimization. Integrating attachment- and PIU-focused interventions into prevention programs may reduce cybervictimization risk.