Journal of Psychology最新文献

The current study investigated the effects of emotional empathy and self-assertiveness on interpersonal success through the mediating role of managing interpersonal conflicts using structural equation modeling (SEM). The sample of this study was 294 young adults in Yasuj City, Iran, who were selected using the purposive sampling method in a cross-sectional study. The Emotional Empathy Scale (EES), the Assertion Inventory (AI), the Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-Form A (ROC-II), and the Basic Adlerian Scales for Interpersonal Success-Adult Form (BASIS-A) were utilized for data collection. The results indicated that emotional empathy, self-assertiveness, and conflict management significantly correlate with interpersonal success. Emotional empathy and self-assertiveness show a significantly indirect correlation with interpersonal success, which is mediated by managing interpersonal conflicts. Also, emotional empathy, self-assertiveness, and management of interpersonal conflicts collectively accounted for 74.9% of the variance in interpersonal success within this sample. The findings demonstrated a well-structured SEM that depicts the effects of emotional empathy and self-assertiveness on interpersonal success, mediated by managing interpersonal conflicts. These findings have implications for psychological interventions targeting interpersonal issues in adults.

This research (n = 487) extends prior research on relational sacrifices by analyzing the influence of communal strength on the perceived costs and benefits of making work and family sacrifices. It also analyzes the role of feeling authentic and appreciated by the partner for making these sacrifices in the perception. Regarding work sacrifices, the findings documented that those women (but not men) high in communal strength perceived greater benefits of making them because they felt more authentic and feeling greater partner appreciation. Concerning family sacrifices, the results revealed that communal strength did not predict the benefits of making these sacrifices. Nonetheless, we found that both women and men who felt more authentic after making a family sacrifice perceived more benefits because they experienced greater partner appreciation. In general, this pattern seems to reflect that women value family and work sacrifices, with the last ones triggered by the motivation to satisfy the needs of others (communal strength). In contrast, regardless of the communal strength, men continue to value only family sacrifices without considering work sacrifices.

Body surveillance was found to be positively associated with adolescent suicidal ideation. However, the underlying mechanism of how body surveillance affects suicidal ideation and sex differences in this relationship remains to be examined. The current study aims to investigate the potential mediating effects of body shame and self-criticism in the association between body surveillance and suicidal ideation, as well as sex differences in the model using a longitudinal design. A total of 1,653 Chinese adolescents (M _age = 16.77, SD _age = 0.84; 41.9% males) were followed over three waves, 2 months apart. Results indicated that body surveillance did not affect suicidal ideation directly, but through the mediation of self-criticism and the serial mediation of body shame and self-criticism. Sex differences also existed in the mediation model. These findings identified two mediation variables in the association between body surveillance and suicidal ideation in adolescence. Further interventions are needed to develop effective prevention and intervention strategies targeting adolescent body surveillance behaviors.

Understanding the impact of changes in perceived stress on mental health is critical for advancing targeted interventions; however, the psychological mechanisms underpinning these processes remain largely unexplored. Grounded in the Dual-Factor System of Mental Health (DFM) and Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study explores the intra-individual effects of changes in perceived stress on depression and flourishing, focusing on resources such as meaning in life, perceived social support, and individual autonomy. A total of 1,315 college students were surveyed during the COVID-19 college closures (T1) and subsequent reopening (T2). Latent Change Score Models revealed that only changes in perceived social support and individual autonomy served as protective mediators for changes in depression, while all resources contributed to changes in flourishing. Network analysis further supports the protective role of changes in perceived social support on depression and identifies changes in flourishing as central. These findings enhance our understanding of stress coping by capturing the detailed dynamics of both positive and negative dimensions, while providing actionable insights for developing context-specific resource interventions to address challenges in mental health.

This study investigated the effects of employees' dark triad traits and leadership styles on employees' work outcomes among Chinese employees (N = 332). Four leadership scenarios were designed, based on a combination of leadership agency and communion, in order to capture goal-oriented and people-oriented leadership behaviors. Participants were randomly assigned to a leadership scenario and filled out a work-related questionnaire after reading it. We used hierarchical regression models to conduct the analyses. Next to significant direct effects of employees' dark triad traits and leadership styles on work outcomes, there were significant interaction effects between employees' Machiavellianism and leadership styles on their work outcomes. More specifically, compared to other leadership styles, high agency-low communion leadership was more likely to activate counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and emotional exhaustion among Machiavellians. No interaction effects occurred for narcissism and psychopathy.

Childhood maltreatment is a known risk factor for physical and mental health, often reducing adult life satisfaction. Despite its importance, few studies have examined the relationship between childhood maltreatment and loneliness/life satisfaction from the perspective of sleep problems. A sample of 779 participants (40.4% males, M_age = 25.97 years, SD_age = 6.36) completed an online questionnaire assessing childhood maltreatment, sleep problems, loneliness, and life satisfaction. Using structural equation modeling, a serial mediation model was tested to examine the pathways linking these variables. Additionally, network analysis was employed to explore the interrelationships between sleep problems and loneliness. The results indicated that childhood maltreatment was negatively associated with life satisfaction. Furthermore, sleep problems and loneliness sequentially mediated this relationship, suggesting that childhood maltreatment may lead to increased sleep disturbances, which in turn exacerbate feelings of loneliness, ultimately reducing life satisfaction. Network analysis revealed that "Medication intake" play a central role in the covariation between these constructs. The results underscore the chain-mediated role of sleep problems and loneliness in the association between childhood maltreatment and life satisfaction. The findings suggest that interventions targeting sleep disturbances and loneliness could be effective strategies for improving life satisfaction among individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment. This study offers practical implications for intervention programs aimed at enhancing well-being in affected populations.

Phishing attacks account for a sizable number of data breaches and are costly to individuals and organizations. A burgeoning literature is developing on how individual differences predict people's susceptibility to phishing attacks. Within this literature, an intriguing idea has been proffered: People higher (vs. lower) in the Dark Triad (DT) constructs (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) - best known for victimizing others - may be more susceptible to phishing attacks. Nonetheless, the relationship between DT constructs and phishing susceptibility is rarely studied and remains poorly understood. We proposed that the relationship between DT constructs and phishing susceptibility could be due to these constructs being associated with deficiencies in the social awareness aspect of social-cognitive intelligence. College participants (N = 461) completed multi-faceted measures of DT constructs and measures of their social awareness, cognitive reflectiveness, and social information processing ability. Participants were exposed to various phishing emails, and we measured their susceptibility to respond to them. Generally, each DT facet related to greater susceptibility to phishing due to the facet's association with lower social awareness (controlling for cognitive reflectiveness and social information processing); only an agentic aspect of narcissism related to enhanced phishing susceptibility apart from its association with social awareness, cognitive reflectiveness, and social information processing. Broadly, the findings offer initial insight into how the DT may relate to phishing susceptibility and may help inform efforts to better understand who is vulnerable to phishing scams.

This study identifies when and how ethical leadership is linked to employees' perceptions of organizational fairness. We propose and test a mechanism in which followers' moral identity explains this link, and the state of the psychological contract sets its boundaries, highlighting a novel, process-focused view of fairness formation. Using a cross-sectional survey of 306 white-collar employees in Türkiye's industrial sector, we estimated a moderated-mediation model with partial least squares structural equation modeling and bootstrap inference. Results revealed that ethical leadership related to perceived organizational fairness indirectly through the symbolization (outward expression) facet of moral identity, whereas internalization (inward conviction) was unrelated. This indirect link emerged only when employees perceived that promised obligations were honored, indicating that psychological-contract fulfillment enables ethical signals to be read as fair. The findings clarify that visible moral behavior matters more than inward conviction for fairness judgments and that relational integrity is a precondition for leader influence. We discuss implications for theory and for building fair climates by making ethics visible and keeping promises.

This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of the association between emotional intelligence (EI) and psychological well-being (PWB) among international students in China. We specifically examined the mediating effects of psychological capital (PsyCap) and academic engagement, as well as the moderating effect of social support. A moderated mediation model was evaluated using a sample of 443 participants. The results suggested that there was a significant positive relationship between students' EI and their PWB. The serial multiple mediation model revealed that the indirect associations of EI with PWB through PsyCap and academic engagement were statistically significant. Moreover, the findings revealed that social support moderated all correlations between study variables, with the exception of EI and academic engagement, and that the strength of these connections increased with greater levels of social support. The present findings provide important insights into how to enhance the overall well-being of international students.

The present study examined the relationship between narcissism and passive aggressive behaviors, which were operationalized as three conceptually distinct sub-components: inducing criticism, ostracizing others, and sabotaging behavior. The study also explored the potential moderating role of perceived ostracism (i.e., feeling ignored or excluded by others). Consistent with our hypothesis, data from an online sample (N = 219) showed that narcissism was positively related to passive aggressive behaviors. However, a significant moderating effect of perceived ostracism was observed in relation to inducing criticism, but not in relation to ostracizing others or engaging in sabotage. Specifically, at high levels of perceived ostracism there was a stronger relationship between narcissism and inducing criticism compared to when perceived ostracism was low. As such, perceived ostracism may act to amplify this passive aggressive behavior in narcissists. Implications of the present study are discussed.