Demographic Research最新文献

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The sex preference for children in Europe: Children’s sex and the probability and timing of births 欧洲儿童的性别偏好:儿童的性别与出生的概率和时间

IF 2.1 3区社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY

Demographic Research

Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2023.48.8

E. Cukrowska-Torzewska, M. Grabowska

BACKGROUND The preference for having children of a particular sex may be reflected in fertility behavior. For example, parents who want to have a son may be more likely to have another child if their firstborn child is female or if they have two female children. They may also speed up the conception, resulting in a faster progression to the next child. OBJECTIVE We examine whether there is a sex preference for children in Europe, which is reflected in an increased/decreased probability of having another child and a shorter/longer time to the next birth given the sex of existing children. We distinguish between progression to the second and the third child and different cohorts.

背景生育偏好可能反映在生育行为中。例如，如果他们的第一个孩子是女性或有两个女性孩子，想要生一个儿子的父母可能更有可能再生一个孩子。它们还可能加快受孕速度，从而更快地生下一个孩子。目的我们研究欧洲是否存在对儿童的性别偏好，这反映在考虑到现有儿童的性别，生育另一个孩子的可能性增加/减少，以及下一个孩子出生的时间更短/更长。我们区分第二个和第三个孩子的进展情况以及不同的队列。

引用次数: 0

Variations in male height during the epidemiological transition in Italy: A cointegration approach 意大利流行病学转变期间男性身高的变化：协整方法

IF 2.1 3区社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY

Demographic Research

Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2023.48.7

F. Tosi, F. Scalone, R. Rettaroli

BACKGROUND The historical demography literature has a longstanding interest in establishing a connection between human body development and the living conditions experienced during infancy and childhood. Empirical research on such matters increasingly relies on survival indicators rather than classical economic measures of living standards, as the former are more directly linked to nutritional quality, material well-being levels, and technological development. OBJECTIVE We explore the relationship between epidemiological conditions and male adult height variation in Italy to understand if and to what extent progress in survival impacted human body evolution during the epidemiological transition.

背景：历史人口学文献对建立人体发育与婴儿期和儿童期生活条件之间的联系有着长期的兴趣。对这些问题的实证研究越来越依赖于生存指标，而不是生活水平的经典经济指标，因为前者与营养质量、物质幸福水平和技术发展更直接相关。目的探讨意大利流行病学状况与成年男性身高变化之间的关系，以了解在流行病学转变过程中，生存进步是否以及在多大程度上影响了人体进化。

引用次数: 0

The educational gradient in young singlehood: The role of gender and the gender climate 青年单身的教育梯度:性别的作用和性别气候

IF 2.1 3区社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY

Demographic Research

Pub Date : 2023-02-03 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2023.48.6

Lonneke van den Berg

BACKGROUND Universities are described as “waiting halls” for union formation. However, little is known about the size of the educational gradient in single living after leaving home. OBJECTIVE This paper examines the educational gradient in single living after leaving home in 30 European countries and the role of gender and the gender climate in each country for this gradient. METHODS I use data from the European Social Survey, supplemented with data from the OECD and European Values Study for the contextual measures. Predicted probabilities for single living are compared across educational groups, genders, and countries. Using random slope models with an interaction between education and the gender climate, I examine whether the educational gradient is larger in less gender-egalitarian countries.

背景大学被描述为工会组建的“等候大厅”。然而，人们对离家后单身生活的教育梯度的大小知之甚少。目的研究30个欧洲国家单身生活的教育梯度，以及性别和每个国家的性别氛围在这一梯度中的作用。方法我使用了欧洲社会调查的数据，并补充了经合组织和欧洲价值观研究的数据作为背景测量。对不同教育群体、性别和国家单身的预测概率进行比较。使用教育和性别氛围之间相互作用的随机斜率模型，我研究了性别平等程度较低的国家的教育梯度是否更大。

引用次数: 0

Segmented assimilation and mobility among men in the early 20th century 20世纪初男性的分段同化和流动

IF 2.1 3区社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY

Demographic Research

Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2023.48.5

Christina Diaz, Jennifer Lee

BACKGROUND Segmented assimilation theory asserts that children born to immigrants experience divergent paths of incorporation. While some exhibit substantial gains in well-being, others may fare worse than US-origin whites or their own parents. It is certainly true that contemporary immigrants find themselves living in a different context than those who arrived in the United States during the early 20 th century. However, it remains an empirical question whether the incorporation process has suddenly become segmented. METHODS We select five of the top European sending regions to ask whether socioeconomic outcomes varied between immigrant-origin populations between 1910 and 1930. We use the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series Multigenerational Longitudinal Panel to link men over a 20-year period. Logistic regression is used to predict probabilities of school enrollment in 1910 among US-and immigrant-origin youths. We then rely on a series of OLS specifications to predict the socioeconomic standing of these men in 1930 as well as differences in father–son status. We also compare relative rates of occupational mobility across country of origin.

背景分段同化理论认为，移民所生的孩子经历了不同的融合途径。虽然有些人在幸福感方面取得了显著进步，但其他人的情况可能比美国裔白人或他们自己的父母更糟。的确，当代移民发现自己生活在与20世纪初抵达美国的移民不同的环境中。然而，合并过程是否突然变得分段，仍然是一个经验问题。方法我们选择了五个欧洲最大的移民地区，询问1910年至1930年间移民人口的社会经济结果是否不同。我们使用综合公共使用微数据系列多代纵向面板，在20年的时间里将男性联系起来。逻辑回归用于预测1910年美国和移民青年入学的概率。然后，我们依靠一系列OLS规范来预测这些男性在1930年的社会经济地位以及父子地位的差异。我们还比较了原籍国职业流动的相对比率。

引用次数: 0

The Human Multiple Births Database (HMBD) 人类多胞胎数据库（HMBD）

IF 2.1 3区社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY

Demographic Research

Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2023.48.4

C. Torres, Arianna Caporali, G. Pison

BACKGROUND The frequency of twin births has increased dramatically since the 1970s in nearly all developed countries. This upsurge poses a public health challenge because multiple pregnancies are associated with higher health risks and other disadvantages for both the children and the parents. A better understanding of the variation and trends in twinning and other multiple rates is therefore urgently needed. OBJECTIVE The Human Multiple Births Database (HMBD) provides open access national statistics on multiple births for numerous countries.

背景自20世纪70年代以来，几乎所有发达国家的双胞胎出生频率都急剧增加。这一激增对公共卫生构成了挑战，因为多胎妊娠对孩子和父母的健康风险和其他不利因素都较高。因此，迫切需要更好地了解结对和其他多重比率的变化和趋势。目的人类多胞胎数据库（HMBD）为许多国家提供开放获取的多胞胎国家统计数据。

引用次数: 0

Solo living in the process of transitioning to adulthood in Europe: The role of socioeconomic background 欧洲成人过渡过程中的独居:社会经济背景的作用

IF 2.1 3区社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY

Demographic Research

Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2023.48.3

Jana Klímová Chaloupková

BACKGROUND In recent decades, patterns of transition to adulthood have undergone substantial changes, including an increase in people living solo after leaving the parental home. However, the extent to which solo living after leaving the parental home is a transitory state, quickly followed by union formation, or a relatively long-term state in the pathways to adulthood, and how long-term solo living is socially stratified are all questions that remain unanswered.

背景近几十年来，向成年过渡的模式发生了重大变化，包括离开父母家后独自生活的人数增加。然而，离开父母家后的独自生活在多大程度上是一种短暂的状态，随后很快就会形成联盟，或者是成年道路上的一种相对长期的状态，以及长期的独自生活是如何在社会上分层的，这些都是尚未回答的问题。

引用次数: 3

Parental status homogeneity in social networks: The role of homophilous tie selection in Germany 社会网络中的父母地位同质性:在德国同性关系选择的作用

IF 2.1 3区社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY

Demographic Research

Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2023.48.2

Daniel Lois, O. Arránz Becker

OBJECTIVE We study network selection regarding parenthood status based on large-scale panel data on social networks in Germany.

目的基于德国社交网络的大规模面板数据，研究关于父母身份的网络选择。

引用次数: 1

Interpreting changes in life expectancy during temporary mortality shocks 解释暂时性死亡率冲击期间预期寿命的变化

3区社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY

Demographic Research

Pub Date : 2023-01-06 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2023.48.1

Patrick Heuveline

Life expectancy is a pure measure of the mortality conditions faced by a population, unaffected by that populationâs age structure. The numerical value of life expectancy also has an intuitive interpretation, conditional on some assumptions, as the expecte

预期寿命纯粹是衡量人口面临的死亡状况，不受人口年龄结构的影响。预期寿命的数值也有一种直观的解释，以一些假设为条件，如期望值

引用次数: 2

A test of the predictive validity of relative versus absolute income for self-reported health and well-being in the United States. 美国自我报告健康和幸福的相对收入与绝对收入的预测有效性测试。

IF 2.1 3区社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY

Demographic Research

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2023.48.26

David Brady, Michaela Curran, Richard M Carpiano

Background: A classic debate concerns whether absolute or relative income is more salient. Absolute values resources as constant across time and place while relative contextualizes one's hierarchical location in the distribution of a time and place.

Objective: This study investigates specifically whether absolute income or relative income matters more for health and well-being.

Methods: We exploit within-person, within-age, and within-time variation with higher-quality income measures and multiple health and well-being outcomes in the United States. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and the Cross-National Equivalent File, we estimate three-way fixed effects models of self-rated health, poor health, psychological distress, and life satisfaction.

Results: For all four outcomes, relative income has much larger standardized coefficients than absolute income. Robustly, the confidence intervals for relative income do not overlap with zero. By contrast, absolute income mostly has confidence intervals that overlap with zero, and its coefficient is occasionally signed in the wrong direction. A variety of robustness checks support these results.

Conclusions: Relative income has far greater predictive validity than absolute income for self-reported health and well-being.

Contribution: Compared to earlier studies, this study provides a more rigorous comparison and test of the predictive validity of absolute and relative income that is uniquely conducted with data on the United States. This informs debates on income measurement, the sources of health and well-being, and inequalities generally. Plausibly, these results can guide any analysis that includes income in models.

背景：一场经典的辩论关注的是绝对收入还是相对收入更突出。绝对值将资源视为跨时间和地点的常量，而相对值则将一个人在时间和地点分布中的分层位置置于上下文中。目的：本研究专门调查绝对收入还是相对收入对健康和幸福更重要。方法：我们在美国利用人内、年龄内和时间内的变化，采用更高质量的收入衡量标准和多种健康和幸福结果。使用收入动态小组研究和跨国家等效文件，我们估计了自我评价健康、健康不佳、心理困扰和生活满意度的三方固定效应模型。结果：对于所有四种结果，相对收入的标准化系数远大于绝对收入。稳健地说，相对收入的置信区间不会与零重叠。相比之下，绝对收入的置信区间大多与零重叠，其系数偶尔会被标记为错误的方向。各种稳健性检查支持这些结果。结论：在自我报告的健康和幸福方面，相对收入的预测有效性远高于绝对收入。这为关于收入计量、健康和福祉的来源以及普遍不平等的辩论提供了依据。合理地说，这些结果可以指导任何将收入纳入模型的分析。

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引用次数: 1

Educational selectivity of native and foreign-born internal migrants in Europe 欧洲本地和外国出生的内部移民的教育选择性

IF 2.1 3区社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY

Demographic Research

Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.4054/demres.2022.47.34

Miguel González‐Leonardo, Aude Bernard, J. García-Román, A. López‐Gay

Abstract

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引用次数: 1

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