Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102042
Nadia Craddock , Harriet G. Smith , Jake Linardon , Tracy L. Tylka , Phillippa C. Diedrichs
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming digital, clinical, and cultural landscapes in ways that hold significant implications for body image and eating disorder (ED) prevention. This article outlines how traditional and generative AI technologies influence societal appearance ideals as well as digital environments, including online mental health tools. While AI offers opportunities for early detection, personalized and scalable prevention, and the promotion of more inclusive representation, it also poses ethical and psychological risks, including amplification of harmful appearance ideals, algorithmic bias, and overreliance on technology. This article identifies key research priorities relevant to body image spanning macro-level impacts, emerging use cases, ethics and safety, equity and representation in datasets, public perceptions, and the need for interdisciplinary and participatory governance. As AI becomes embedded in everyday life, its responsible and safe use will be critical to ensuring it does not exacerbate body image concerns or increase ED risk.
{"title":"Existing and future use cases, and safety and ethical considerations for AI in body image, and eating disorder prevention","authors":"Nadia Craddock , Harriet G. Smith , Jake Linardon , Tracy L. Tylka , Phillippa C. Diedrichs","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming digital, clinical, and cultural landscapes in ways that hold significant implications for body image and eating disorder (ED) prevention. This article outlines how traditional and generative AI technologies influence societal appearance ideals as well as digital environments, including online mental health tools. While AI offers opportunities for early detection, personalized and scalable prevention, and the promotion of more inclusive representation, it also poses ethical and psychological risks, including amplification of harmful appearance ideals, algorithmic bias, and overreliance on technology. This article identifies key research priorities relevant to body image spanning macro-level impacts, emerging use cases, ethics and safety, equity and representation in datasets, public perceptions, and the need for interdisciplinary and participatory governance. As AI becomes embedded in everyday life, its responsible and safe use will be critical to ensuring it does not exacerbate body image concerns or increase ED risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102042"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102034
Charlie-Jean Seeto , Laura R. Uhlmann , Melanie J. Zimmer-Gembeck , Caroline L. Donovan
Theory and research suggest that women's general affective and appearance-related vulnerabilities are precursors of social media use, with the associations mediated by gratifications sought from social media, such as affection-seeking. To test this, we examined whether the vulnerabilities of low self-esteem, depression, thin-ideal internalisation, appearance perfectionism and appearance-contingent self-worth had indirect associations with appearance-based social media use/preoccupation via social media gratifications of escape, socialising, and affection-seeking. Social media use/preoccupation included general appearance-related activity, self-presentation, and social comparison when online. Participants were 405 young women (Mage = 19.95, SD = 2.70) who completed surveys. In a path model, all vulnerabilities but depressive symptoms were related to more escape and/or socialising gratification and there were three small indirect associations with appearance-based social media use/preoccupation, two for self-esteem (via escape and socialising) and one for thin-ideal internalisation (via socialising). In addition, the three appearance-specific individual vulnerability factors were directly related to appearance-based social media use/preoccupation. Overall, appearance-related vulnerabilities had mostly direct relations with increased appearance-based social media use/preoccupation. In contrast, self-esteem had indirect associations with appearance-based social media use/preoccupation, which were sometimes counterintuitive, and depressive symptoms had little unique impact on gratifications or on appearance-based social media use/preoccupation once other vulnerabilities had been considered.
{"title":"Vulnerability to appearance-based social media use and preoccupation: A model of young women’s appearance values, depression, and self-esteem via uses and gratification","authors":"Charlie-Jean Seeto , Laura R. Uhlmann , Melanie J. Zimmer-Gembeck , Caroline L. Donovan","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Theory and research suggest that women's general affective and appearance-related vulnerabilities are precursors of social media use, with the associations mediated by gratifications sought from social media, such as affection-seeking. To test this, we examined whether the vulnerabilities of low self-esteem, depression, thin-ideal internalisation, appearance perfectionism and appearance-contingent self-worth had indirect associations with appearance-based social media use/preoccupation via social media gratifications of escape, socialising, and affection-seeking. Social media use/preoccupation included general appearance-related activity, self-presentation, and social comparison when online. Participants were 405 young women (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 19.95, <em>SD</em> = 2.70) who completed surveys. In a path model, all vulnerabilities but depressive symptoms were related to more escape and/or socialising gratification and there were three small indirect associations with appearance-based social media use/preoccupation, two for self-esteem (via escape and socialising) and one for thin-ideal internalisation (via socialising). In addition, the three appearance-specific individual vulnerability factors were directly related to appearance-based social media use/preoccupation. Overall, appearance-related vulnerabilities had mostly direct relations with increased appearance-based social media use/preoccupation. In contrast, self-esteem had indirect associations with appearance-based social media use/preoccupation, which were sometimes counterintuitive, and depressive symptoms had little unique impact on gratifications or on appearance-based social media use/preoccupation once other vulnerabilities had been considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102034"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102040
Wanyu Wu , Honghong Zhang , Shuhua Zhao , Dianjun Gao , Zhitao Fan , Kui Wang
Perceived acceptance of one’s body by important others is a key factor in cultivating positive body image. The present study aims to examine the psychometric properties of a Mandarin Chinese Body Acceptance by Others Scale-2 (BAOS-2) among Chinese adolescents. A sample of 1,122 Chinese adolescents (546 girls, 576 boys), with a mean age = 13.47 years (SD =1.81 years; range = 11–17 years), completed the Mandarin Chinese BAOS-2. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis supported its unidimensionality among Chinese adolescents. Measurement invariance across gender was also upheld. Internal consistency was supported via McDonald’s omega. A total of 45 girls and 52 boys completed the Mandarin Chinese BAOS-2 twice at a 15-day interval, and test-retest reliability was supported via intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs). Convergent validity was supported by its strong relationship with body appreciation and small-to-moderate relationship with functionality satisfaction. Criterion-related validity was upheld via its small-to-moderate relationship with pressure to conform to appearance ideals, and moderate-to-strong relationship with self-esteem. Additionally, it explained unique variance in self-esteem, body appreciation, and functionality satisfaction beyond age and pressure to conform to appearance ideals, providing incremental validity evidence. Taken together, the Mandarin Chinese BAOS-2 is reliable and valid in assessing body acceptance by others among Chinese adolescents.
{"title":"Psychometric properties of a Mandarin Chinese Body Acceptance by Others Scale-2 among Chinese adolescents","authors":"Wanyu Wu , Honghong Zhang , Shuhua Zhao , Dianjun Gao , Zhitao Fan , Kui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perceived acceptance of one’s body by important others is a key factor in cultivating positive body image. The present study aims to examine the psychometric properties of a Mandarin Chinese Body Acceptance by Others Scale-2 (BAOS-2) among Chinese adolescents. A sample of 1,122 Chinese adolescents (546 girls, 576 boys), with a mean age = 13.47 years (<em>SD</em> =1.81 years; range = 11–17 years), completed the Mandarin Chinese BAOS-2. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis supported its unidimensionality among Chinese adolescents. Measurement invariance across gender was also upheld. Internal consistency was supported via McDonald’s omega. A total of 45 girls and 52 boys completed the Mandarin Chinese BAOS-2 twice at a 15-day interval, and test-retest reliability was supported via intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs). Convergent validity was supported by its strong relationship with body appreciation and small-to-moderate relationship with functionality satisfaction. Criterion-related validity was upheld via its small-to-moderate relationship with pressure to conform to appearance ideals, and moderate-to-strong relationship with self-esteem. Additionally, it explained unique variance in self-esteem, body appreciation, and functionality satisfaction beyond age and pressure to conform to appearance ideals, providing incremental validity evidence. Taken together, the Mandarin Chinese BAOS-2 is reliable and valid in assessing body acceptance by others among Chinese adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102040"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102037
Yael R. Rosenstock Gonzalez , Jahlea Douglas , Noor-E-Afroz Promei , Oluwapelumi Alesinloye-King , Laís Lara Vanin , Lucia Guerra-Reyes , James Brooks , Maria E. Hamilton Abegunde , Debby Herbenick
As people from island nations, US-based Caribbean Island Hispanas are inundated with tropicalizing messaging that creates expectations around ideal body size and shape, skin color, hair texture, and other features. Prior studies have demonstrated that messages about one’s body can impact body image, body satisfaction, self-esteem, behavior, and sense of self. Much of the existing research on body messages focuses on weight, body size, and exercise/diet habits and neglects to consider messages related to features that are salient for Caribbean Island Hispanas. Through a reflexive thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews, the authors of this study identified various kinds of memorable messages that a racially diverse sample of twenty-three Cuban, Dominican, and Puerto Rican women living in the United States have received from their families. Four themes were generated related to body size, texturism, colorism and featurism, and body-related neutral/positive messaging. We found that most of our participants have experienced familial messaging promoting specific beauty ideals, many of which are anti-Black, and that these messages are perceived as harmful. This finding supports the Theory of Memorable Messages’ argument for the disruption, and replacement of negative messaging to reduce Caribbean Hispanic families’ use of shaming body talk. Providers who seek to support Latines in healing must prepare to have difficult conversations about structural racism, recognizing bias, internalized bias, and one’s own oppressive actions at the individual level that mimic and uphold systemic oppression while considering the connection to community as both a source of harm and as a source of healing.
{"title":"\"You’re too this, you’re too that\": Memorable messages from family members about Cuban, Dominican, and Puerto Rican women’s bodies","authors":"Yael R. Rosenstock Gonzalez , Jahlea Douglas , Noor-E-Afroz Promei , Oluwapelumi Alesinloye-King , Laís Lara Vanin , Lucia Guerra-Reyes , James Brooks , Maria E. Hamilton Abegunde , Debby Herbenick","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As people from island nations, US-based Caribbean Island Hispanas are inundated with tropicalizing messaging that creates expectations around ideal body size and shape, skin color, hair texture, and other features. Prior studies have demonstrated that messages about one’s body can impact body image, body satisfaction, self-esteem, behavior, and sense of self. Much of the existing research on body messages focuses on weight, body size, and exercise/diet habits and neglects to consider messages related to features that are salient for Caribbean Island Hispanas. Through a reflexive thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews, the authors of this study identified various kinds of memorable messages that a racially diverse sample of twenty-three Cuban, Dominican, and Puerto Rican women living in the United States have received from their families. Four themes were generated related to body size, texturism, colorism and featurism, and body-related neutral/positive messaging. We found that most of our participants have experienced familial messaging promoting specific beauty ideals, many of which are anti-Black, and that these messages are perceived as harmful. This finding supports the Theory of Memorable Messages’ argument for the disruption, and replacement of negative messaging to reduce Caribbean Hispanic families’ use of shaming body talk. Providers who seek to support Latines in healing must prepare to have difficult conversations about structural racism, recognizing bias, internalized bias, and one’s own oppressive actions at the individual level that mimic and uphold systemic oppression while considering the connection to community as both a source of harm and as a source of healing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102037"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.102016
Carmen Cervone , Maria Laura Bettinsoli , Caterina Suitner
In a society where sexual objectification is pervasive, women may experience self-objectification as an external motivator for their appearance management, thus experiencing reduced bodily self-determination. We here tackle two specific strategies of appearance management in response to low self-determination, namely body concealment and exposure. In two studies, we investigate the association between bodily self-determination, body concealment, and body exposure. In Study 1 (N = 200), self-determination (assessed as motivation driving self-presentation) was negatively linked to body concealment and positively to body exposure. In particular, extrinsic motivation mediated the link between self-objectification and body concealment/exposure. In Study 2 (N = 173), participants recalled experiencing either intrinsic or extrinsic motivation for self-presentation: when extrinsic motivation was elicited, participants reported greater body concealment and reduced body exposure, a process mediated by negative and positive emotions, respectively. This work highlights the relevance of self-determination in self-objectification processes, and expands the investigation of body concealment and body exposure by identifying a key predictor of these attitudes and behaviors.
{"title":"(Not) mine to show: Boosting self-determination to reduce body concealment","authors":"Carmen Cervone , Maria Laura Bettinsoli , Caterina Suitner","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.102016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.102016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a society where sexual objectification is pervasive, women may experience self-objectification as an external motivator for their appearance management, thus experiencing reduced bodily self-determination. We here tackle two specific strategies of appearance management in response to low self-determination, namely body concealment and exposure. In two studies, we investigate the association between bodily self-determination, body concealment, and body exposure. In Study 1 (<em>N</em> = 200), self-determination (assessed as motivation driving self-presentation) was negatively linked to body concealment and positively to body exposure. In particular, extrinsic motivation mediated the link between self-objectification and body concealment/exposure. In Study 2 (<em>N</em> = 173), participants recalled experiencing either intrinsic or extrinsic motivation for self-presentation: when extrinsic motivation was elicited, participants reported greater body concealment and reduced body exposure, a process mediated by negative and positive emotions, respectively. This work highlights the relevance of self-determination in self-objectification processes, and expands the investigation of body concealment and body exposure by identifying a key predictor of these attitudes and behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102016"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102041
Michaela R. Buehler , David R. Kolar , Sebastian Ertl , Jutta Mata , Jens Blechert
During teenage years and early adulthood, many women experience high stress levels regarding their appearance. Especially appearance-related comparisons on social media fuel body dissatisfaction. To remedy this, both social media literacy and self-compassion interventions have each been shown as separately effective but are rarely implemented together. The SoSelf training does so in the context of an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study. This feasibility study was run with a convenience sample of 26 young women (age range 15–21, M = 19.0, SD = 1.8) throughout 30 days. Feasibility, engagement, acceptability and potential effectiveness of the SoSelf training were assessed using data from pre-, post- and follow-up questionnaires, Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) and a semi-structured feedback interview. In favor of feasibility, we found high engagement (EMA compliance rates: M = 90.7 %, SD = 9.5 %) and acceptability (high satisfaction ratings in semi-structured interviews). As for potential effectiveness, increases in self-compassion and body appreciation, along with decreases in social appearance anxiety were observed post-intervention and maintained at the one-month follow-up. The combination of two fundamentally different training elements was well received and points to the potential of multi-componential interventions. Formal randomized controlled trials are necessary prior to dissemination.
{"title":"Combining social media literacy with self-compassion: Testing the SoSelf mHealth training","authors":"Michaela R. Buehler , David R. Kolar , Sebastian Ertl , Jutta Mata , Jens Blechert","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During teenage years and early adulthood, many women experience high stress levels regarding their appearance. Especially appearance-related comparisons on social media fuel body dissatisfaction. To remedy this, both social media literacy and self-compassion interventions have each been shown as separately effective but are rarely implemented together. The SoSelf training does so in the context of an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study. This feasibility study was run with a convenience sample of 26 young women (age range 15–21, <em>M</em> = 19.0, <em>SD</em> = 1.8) throughout 30 days. Feasibility, engagement, acceptability and potential effectiveness of the SoSelf training were assessed using data from pre-, post- and follow-up questionnaires, Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) and a semi-structured feedback interview. In favor of feasibility, we found high engagement (EMA compliance rates: <em>M</em> = 90.7 %, <em>SD</em> = 9.5 %) and acceptability (high satisfaction ratings in semi-structured interviews). As for potential effectiveness, increases in self-compassion and body appreciation, along with decreases in social appearance anxiety were observed post-intervention and maintained at the one-month follow-up. The combination of two fundamentally different training elements was well received and points to the potential of multi-componential interventions. Formal randomized controlled trials are necessary prior to dissemination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102041"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146126813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102033
Nadia Craddock , Jamie Chan , Viren Swami
Racial discrimination is associated with adverse health outcomes, including negative body image, but less is known about the extent to which racial discrimination is associated with positive body image. The aim of this preregistered study was to test the association between racial discrimination and body appreciation (i.e., a facet of positive body image) and to explore whether different coping strategies mediated any direct relationship. An online sample of racialised minority adults living in the United Kingdom (N = 576) were asked to complete the Everyday Discrimination Scale, Body Appreciation Scale-2, and the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced inventory. Preliminary linear modelling showed that seeking emotional social support, positive reinterpretation and growth, turning to religion, and focusing on and venting of emotions were significantly associated with body appreciation. However, findings from subsequent path analysis indicated that racial discrimination was not directly associated with body appreciation. In men only, the direct relationship between racial discrimination and body appreciation was mediated by focus on and venting of emotions. These findings suggest that experiences of racial discrimination may not be associated with positive body image outcomes, at least in racialised minority adults from the United Kingdom. We discuss possible reasons for this, as well as the generally null mediating effects.
{"title":"Racial discrimination and body appreciation: Testing direct, and, via coping strategies, indirect links in racialised minority adults from the United Kingdom","authors":"Nadia Craddock , Jamie Chan , Viren Swami","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Racial discrimination is associated with adverse health outcomes, including negative body image, but less is known about the extent to which racial discrimination is associated with positive body image. The aim of this preregistered study was to test the association between racial discrimination and body appreciation (i.e., a facet of positive body image) and to explore whether different coping strategies mediated any direct relationship. An online sample of racialised minority adults living in the United Kingdom (<em>N</em> = 576) were asked to complete the Everyday Discrimination Scale, Body Appreciation Scale-2, and the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced inventory. Preliminary linear modelling showed that seeking emotional social support, positive reinterpretation and growth, turning to religion, and focusing on and venting of emotions were significantly associated with body appreciation. However, findings from subsequent path analysis indicated that racial discrimination was not directly associated with body appreciation. In men only, the direct relationship between racial discrimination and body appreciation was mediated by focus on and venting of emotions. These findings suggest that experiences of racial discrimination may not be associated with positive body image outcomes, at least in racialised minority adults from the United Kingdom. We discuss possible reasons for this, as well as the generally null mediating effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102033"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.102021
Joe R. Doley , Melanie Mifsud , Joshua Marmara , Katherine Laveway , Rachel F. Rodgers
Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals are at elevated risk of eating disorders (EDs), disordered eating (DE), and body image concerns (BIC) compared to cisgender people. This study investigated the differences in EDs, DE, and BIC between cisgender and TGD individuals, as well as examine disparities in EDs, DE, and BIC between TGD groups, with the goal of identifying high-risk groups. It was hypothesised that ED and DE pathology, and BIC would be higher in transgender people than cisgender people. Differences between TGD groups were also explored. Sixty studies were examined using meta-analyses, with sixteen random-effects meta-analyses conducted. Results revealed that TGD individuals were more likely to exhibit elevated levels of EDs, DE, and BIC compared to cisgender individuals. Fewer differences in EDs, DE, and BIC between TGD groups emerged, although transgender men/transmasculine people had higher levels of restriction (vs. non-binary and gender diverse people) and compensatory behaviours (vs. transgender women/transfeminine people). Binary transgender people reported higher BIC than non-binary/gender diverse people. Study heterogeneity and prediction intervals limit inferences to the broader population, and few studies were high quality. The emerging evidence suggests that TGD people are at elevated risk of ED pathology, DE, and BIC compared with cisgender people.
{"title":"Exploring the differences in body image concerns and eating disorder symptoms between cisgender and transgender individuals: A meta-analysis","authors":"Joe R. Doley , Melanie Mifsud , Joshua Marmara , Katherine Laveway , Rachel F. Rodgers","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.102021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.102021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals are at elevated risk of eating disorders (EDs), disordered eating (DE), and body image concerns (BIC) compared to cisgender people. This study investigated the differences in EDs, DE, and BIC between cisgender and TGD individuals, as well as examine disparities in EDs, DE, and BIC between TGD groups, with the goal of identifying high-risk groups. It was hypothesised that ED and DE pathology, and BIC would be higher in transgender people than cisgender people. Differences between TGD groups were also explored. Sixty studies were examined using meta-analyses, with sixteen random-effects meta-analyses conducted. Results revealed that TGD individuals were more likely to exhibit elevated levels of EDs, DE, and BIC compared to cisgender individuals. Fewer differences in EDs, DE, and BIC between TGD groups emerged, although transgender men/transmasculine people had higher levels of restriction (vs. non-binary and gender diverse people) and compensatory behaviours (vs. transgender women/transfeminine people). Binary transgender people reported higher BIC than non-binary/gender diverse people. Study heterogeneity and prediction intervals limit inferences to the broader population, and few studies were high quality. The emerging evidence suggests that TGD people are at elevated risk of ED pathology, DE, and BIC compared with cisgender people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102021"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102049
Laura Shepherd , Fuschia Sirois , Diana Harcourt , Paul Norman , Lance M. McCracken , Andrew R. Thompson
Appearance concerns after burns start soon after injury. However, early psychological interventions to support individuals with their changed appearance are absent. This study investigated the acceptability of an early acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) intervention delivered by a psychological therapist either in person or virtually to help individuals adjust to changes to their appearance after burns. As a secondary objective, the potential effectiveness of ProACTive was also investigated. Using mixed-methods, 13 adults (eight women, five men) participated. Acceptability was measured by uptake rates, module completion rates and interview data. Over two-thirds of participants completed all modules. Three main themes were identified from interviews: An acceptable intervention; Valuing the therapeutic relationship; and Early support is key. Data suggested that ProACTive may be acceptable, although some inconsistencies within the data were observed. Ratings of helpfulness were positive and qualitative feedback suggested that ProACTive seemed helpful by providing space to explore and reflect on appearance changes, developing psychological flexibility and self-compassion, and preparing individuals for being around other people. Positive and negative affect significantly decreased (moderate effect sizes) but no significant changes on appearance concerns, psychological flexibility or self-compassion (small effect sizes) were revealed. ProACTive may be an acceptable early psychological intervention to support the adjustment of appearance changes after burns. Acceptability may be higher in individuals with appearance concerns and those admitted to hospital. The intervention holds promise soon after burns but further research on acceptability and effectiveness is needed.
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