Journal of Urban Economics最新文献

英文中文

Migration crisis in the local news: Evidence from the French–Italian border 当地新闻中的移民危机：来自法意边境的证据

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Urban Economics

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103808

Silvia Peracchi

This paper examines how undocumented migrant displacements affect local news markets and the political economy of EU internal borders. I focus on a policy that took place in June 2015, in which French authorities introduced militarized controls at their borders with Italy, to return waves of irregular border-crossing migrants transiting from Italy to Italian lands. Natives’ exposure to resettled migrants varied across Italian municipalities, depending on their proximity to push-back areas. I exploit this quasi-experimental setting in a diff-in-diff framework and compile novel text and count data from local news in Liguria, Italy. Results show that migration coverage declined with distance from the border after the push-backs. In contrast, anti-immigrant discourse intensified away from the events and weakened at the border. Exploring further this framing dimension, I observe readers’ demand to be closely associated with local news discourse and voting preferences to broadly follow anti-immigrant slant in the news.

本文考察了无证移民流离失所如何影响当地新闻市场和欧盟内部边界的政治经济。我关注的是2015年6月实施的一项政策，法国当局在其与意大利的边境实施了军事化控制，以阻止从意大利过境到意大利境内的非法越境移民浪潮。意大利各城市的当地人对重新安置的移民的接触程度各不相同，这取决于他们离遣返地区的距离。我利用这种类似实验的设置，在一个diff-in-diff框架下，从意大利利古里亚的当地新闻中编译新颖的文本和统计数据。结果表明，迁移覆盖率随着距离边境的距离而下降。相比之下，反移民言论在远离事件的地方愈演愈烈，在边境地区则有所减弱。进一步探索这个框架维度，我观察到读者对与当地新闻话语和投票偏好密切相关的需求，以广泛追随新闻中的反移民倾向。

引用次数: 0

JUE Insight: Measuring local consumption with payment cards and cell phone pings JUE Insight：通过支付卡和手机ping来衡量本地消费

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Urban Economics

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103798

Ben Klopack, Fernando Luco

We compare two widely used sources of consumption data: payment card transactions (from credit and debit cards) and cell phone location pings. We find they are positively but imperfectly correlated; payment card usage is higher among higher-income consumers, while cell phone pings only loosely track consumer spending. We develop a methodology that combines both sources to measure local retail spending and show that it closely tracks more aggregated government data. We illustrate its use by quantifying local fiscal multipliers. We show that the impacts of government spending shocks are highly localized, decay spatially, and are heterogeneous across store categories.

我们比较了两种广泛使用的消费数据来源：支付卡交易（来自信用卡和借记卡）和手机定位ping。我们发现它们呈正相关但不完全相关；高收入消费者的支付卡使用率更高，而手机ping只能粗略地追踪消费者的支出。我们开发了一种方法，结合这两种来源来衡量当地零售支出，并表明它密切跟踪更综合的政府数据。我们通过量化地方财政乘数来说明它的使用。我们表明，政府支出冲击的影响是高度局部化的，在空间上是衰减的，并且在不同的商店类别中是异质的。

引用次数: 0

JUE insight: Political geography and the spatial allocation of economic activity: Evidence from China’s anti-corruption campaign 政治地理与经济活动的空间分配：来自中国反腐运动的证据

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Urban Economics

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103797

Filipe Campante , Rui Du , Weizeng Sun , Jianghao Wang , Siqi Zheng

We show evidence of how political geography directly shapes real economic outcomes by studying the spatial impact on Beijing’s restaurant sector of China’s 2012 anti-corruption campaign, which placed strict limits on lavish spending by public officials. Restaurants located closer to government offices experienced a relative decline in consumer demand. The post-campaign distribution of establishments was less spatially concentrated around government offices and had a smaller presence of high-end restaurants than before the campaign. Our results underscore the role of political geography as a potent, spatially concentrated driver of demand and its influence on the configuration of economic activities.

我们通过研究2012年中国反腐运动对北京餐饮业的空间影响，展示了政治地理如何直接影响实际经济结果的证据，该运动严格限制了公职人员的奢侈消费。离政府办公地点较近的餐馆的消费需求相对下降。与竞选前相比，竞选后的场所分布不再集中在政府办公室周围，高端餐厅的数量也有所减少。我们的研究结果强调了政治地理作为一种强大的、空间上集中的需求驱动因素的作用及其对经济活动配置的影响。

引用次数: 0

JUE insight: Do ride-sharing services cause urban air pollution? 爵见：网约车会造成城市空气污染吗？

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Urban Economics

Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103799

Yi Liu , Yao Li , Jindong Pang

This paper investigates the impact of ride-sharing services on urban air pollution across 284 cities in China. While the theoretical implications of ride-sharing services on air quality remain ambiguous, empirical analysis of a daily panel dataset reveals that the introduction of ride-sharing services in a city significantly reduces urban air pollution levels. On average, cities experience at least a three percent decrease in air pollution following the launch of these services. Mechanism analysis indicates that ride-sharing services contribute to reduced peak-hour traffic congestion, a decline in new car registrations, and an increase in public transit ridership. These findings quantify the environmental benefits associated with ride-sharing services and provide valuable insights for policymakers seeking to regulate the ride-sharing industry and enhance urban air quality.

本文研究了拼车服务对中国284个城市空气污染的影响。虽然拼车服务对空气质量的理论含义仍然模糊，但对每日面板数据集的实证分析表明，在城市中引入拼车服务显着降低了城市空气污染水平。平均而言，在这些服务推出后，城市的空气污染至少减少了3%。机制分析表明，拼车服务有助于减少高峰时段的交通拥堵，减少新车注册量，增加公共交通客流量。这些发现量化了与拼车服务相关的环境效益，并为寻求规范拼车行业和改善城市空气质量的政策制定者提供了有价值的见解。

引用次数: 0

Export slowdown and increasing land supply: Local government’s responses to export shocks in China 出口放缓与土地供应增加：中国地方政府对出口冲击的应对

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Urban Economics

Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103796

Qiuyi Wang , Jing Wu , Shuping Wu

Using the shift-share (Bartik) instrumental variable to solve the endogeneity problem, this study shows a robust negative effect of export shocks on residential land supply in China during 2008–2022. We attribute this effect to a novel revenue-based fiscal-consolidation measure: Chinese city governments intentionally increase urban-land-supply revenues to hedge against declining tax revenues caused by the export slowdown. The additional land-supply profits can offset approximately 94 % of the tax-revenue losses. This effect is achieved as city governments expand land supply while maintaining stable land prices to generate additional land revenue. However, we find this land-based fiscal-consolidation measure bears unintended costs: it has led to excessive urban expansion, amplified the risk of the housing market, and increased commuting costs. A one-percentage-point drop in export growth correlates with a yearly increase of 124 million USD in commuting costs caused by the land oversupply in China. Further, this measure is becoming less sustainable as its preconditions (abundant developable land and robust demand) become increasingly difficult to meet.

利用shift-share （Bartik）工具变量解决内生性问题，本研究表明，2008-2022年期间，出口冲击对中国住宅用地供应产生了强劲的负面影响。我们将这种效应归因于一种新的基于收入的财政整顿措施：中国城市政府有意增加城市土地供应收入，以对冲出口放缓导致的税收下降。额外的土地供应利润可以抵消大约94%的税收损失。这种效果是通过城市政府扩大土地供应，同时保持稳定的土地价格以产生额外的土地收入来实现的。然而，我们发现这种以土地为基础的财政整顿措施带来了意想不到的成本：它导致了城市过度扩张，放大了房地产市场的风险，增加了通勤成本。出口增速每下降1个百分点，中国每年因土地供过于求造成的通勤成本就会增加1.24亿美元。此外，随着其先决条件（充足的可开发土地和强劲的需求）越来越难以满足，这一措施正变得越来越不可持续。

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引用次数: 0

JUE Insights: Who bears climate-related physical risk? JUE Insights：谁在承担与气候相关的身体风险？

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Urban Economics

Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103791

David Wylie , Natee Amornsiripanitch , John Heilbron , Kevin Zhao

This paper combines data on residential property-level physical risk from major climate-related perils (severe convective storm, inland flood, hurricane storm surge, hurricane wind, winter storm, and wildfire) with data on local economic characteristics to establish three facts about the severity of and five facts about the demographic distribution of this class of risk in the contiguous United States. On the severity of climate-related physical risk, we find (i) severe convective storms are the leading contributor to expected damage, (ii) inland flood and hurricane-related perils drive aggregate tail risk, and (iii) the difference in risk level between the safest and the riskiest places is expected to grow by 2050. On the demographic distribution of risk, we find (i) the safest areas have the most expensive homes, (ii) levels of economic well-being are lower in risky areas, (iii) there is little relationship between local racial composition and risk level, (iv) rural areas face the highest risks, and (v) there is no evidence of lower aggregate development activity or in-migration in risky areas. These facts are an important foundation for climate risk-mitigation policymaking and academic research on how the U.S. population view and respond to this class of risk.

本文将主要气候相关灾害（强对流风暴、内陆洪水、飓风风暴潮、飓风、冬季风暴和野火）的住宅财产级物理风险数据与当地经济特征数据相结合，建立了美国相邻地区这类风险的严重性的三个事实和人口分布的五个事实。在与气候相关的物理风险的严重程度上，我们发现(i)强对流风暴是造成预期损失的主要因素，（ii）内陆洪水和飓风相关的风险驱动了总体尾部风险，（iii）到2050年，最安全地区和最危险地区之间的风险水平差异预计将扩大。关于风险的人口分布，我们发现(i)最安全的地区拥有最昂贵的房屋，（ii）风险地区的经济福利水平较低，（iii）当地种族构成与风险水平之间几乎没有关系，（iv）农村地区面临最高的风险，(v)没有证据表明风险地区的总体发展活动或迁入率较低。这些事实是气候风险缓解政策制定的重要基础，也是美国民众如何看待和应对这类风险的学术研究的重要基础。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of residential zoning in U.S. housing markets 住宅分区对美国房地产市场的影响

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Urban Economics

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103784

Jaehee Song

I construct a new nationwide dataset to measure the stringency of residential zoning in the United States and examine its effects on housing production, prices, and demographic sorting. First, I develop and implement a structural break detection algorithm to infer minimum lot size regulations. The dataset spans over 16,000 local jurisdictions within Core-Based Statistical Areas, capturing both cross-jurisdictional and within-jurisdictional variation in zoning stringency. I find that 18.5 percent of single-family home constructions bunch at the minimum lot size threshold, suggesting that these zoning requirements are binding for a substantial share of single-family development. Second, I estimate the effects of these regulations on housing market outcomes, exploiting variation across nearby zoning districts within municipal border regions. The results show that minimum lot size regulations increase home sizes, sales prices, and rents. Moreover, restrictive zoning disproportionately attracts high-income white homeowners, reinforcing patterns of residential segregation.

我构建了一个新的全国性数据集来衡量美国住宅分区的严格程度，并检查其对住房生产、价格和人口分类的影响。首先，我开发并实现了一个结构断裂检测算法来推断最小批量规则。该数据集涵盖了以核心为基础的统计区域内的16,000多个地方管辖区，包括跨管辖区和辖区内分区严格程度的变化。我发现，18.5%的独户住宅建筑在最小地块规模的门槛上捆绑在一起，这表明这些分区要求对很大一部分独户住宅开发具有约束力。其次，我估计了这些法规对住房市场结果的影响，利用城市边界地区附近分区区的差异。结果显示，最小宅地面积限制增加了住宅面积、销售价格和租金。此外，限制性分区不成比例地吸引了高收入白人房主，强化了住宅隔离的模式。

引用次数: 0

The effect of subway policies on gasoline consumption: Subway expansion versus fare changes 地铁政策对汽油消费的影响：地铁扩张与票价变化

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Urban Economics

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103795

Antung A. Liu , Yucheng Wang , Lei Zhang

Investments in urban light rail are meant to replace driving and alleviate emissions from road transportation, but little research has documented the direct link between alternative subway policies and gasoline consumption, leaving it unclear which subway policies are more efficient. Based on a unique dataset from a major gasoline retailer in China, this paper compares the effect of expanding the subway network with that of revising the fare. We find that both subway expansion and the fare change significantly impact gasoline consumption in the short run, but the effect of expanding the subway network is larger and more durable. A cost–benefit calculation also finds that subway network expansion is more cost-effective in reducing driving than changing the fare.

投资城市轻轨是为了取代开车和减少公路交通的排放，但很少有研究证明替代地铁政策与汽油消耗之间的直接联系，因此不清楚哪种地铁政策更有效。本文基于中国某大型汽油零售商的独特数据集，比较了扩大地铁网络与调整票价的效果。研究发现，地铁扩建和票价变动对汽油消费的短期影响均显著，但扩建地铁网络对汽油消费的影响更大、更持久。成本效益计算还发现，地铁网络扩张在减少驾驶方面比改变票价更具成本效益。

引用次数: 0

Does rent control increase tenant unemployment? 租金管制会增加租客失业吗？

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Urban Economics

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103790

Hanchen Jiang , Luis Quintero , Xi Yang

This paper proposes and tests the hypothesis that rent control increases tenant unemployment. Using microdata from New York City between 2002 and 2017, we find that rent stabilization increases tenants’ probability of unemployment by more than four percentage points, and the effect is especially pronounced among tenants with unearned income. To address endogeneity concerns, we employ an instrumental variable strategy that exploits the local relative availability of rent-stabilized units at the time of move-in as an exogenous source of variation. We propose a job-search model to explain the disincentive channel underlying our results. These findings highlight the potential unintended consequences of rent control.

本文提出并检验了租金管制增加租客失业的假设。利用2002年至2017年纽约市的微观数据，我们发现租金稳定使租户失业的可能性增加了4个百分点以上，而且这种影响在有不劳而获收入的租户中尤为明显。为了解决内生性问题，我们采用了一种工具变量策略，利用搬进来时租金稳定单位的本地相对可用性作为外生变量来源。我们提出了一个求职模型来解释我们的结果背后的抑制渠道。这些发现凸显了租金管制可能带来的意想不到的后果。

引用次数: 0

Firms for funding: The effect of Million Dollar Plants on school finances and student achievement 资助公司：百万美元工厂对学校财政和学生成绩的影响

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Urban Economics

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2025.103794

Rahul R. Gupta , Viviana Rodriguez

We study the impact of large firm entry on local public education by comparing school districts in counties that win a Million Dollar Plant (MDP) to runner-up counties. Winning an MDP increases school district revenues by approximately 3%, primarily through higher local property tax collections. While total per pupil revenue rises modestly, we find gains in instructional spending and small improvements in test scores. Effects vary by firm type: manufacturing MDPs are associated with greater capital outlays but limited achievement gains, whereas high-tech MDPs see increased instructional spending and improved proficiency. Districts with MDPs in highly educated industries exhibit larger increases in instructional spending and student outcomes, even when overall revenue gains are similar.

我们通过比较获得百万美元工厂（MDP）的县与获得百万美元工厂（MDP）的县的学区，来研究大公司进入对当地公共教育的影响。赢得民主党将使学区的收入增加约3%，主要是通过提高地方财产税的征收。虽然每个学生的总收入适度增长，但我们发现教学支出有所增加，考试成绩也有小幅提高。影响因公司类型而异：制造业发展中国家的发展中国家与更多的资本支出有关，但有限的成就收益，而高科技发展中国家则增加了教学支出，提高了熟练程度。在教育水平较高的行业，即使在总体收入增长相似的情况下，拥有最高发展目标的地区在教学支出和学生成绩方面的增长也更大。

引用次数: 0

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