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Corrigendum to “Evolution of preferences in structured populations: Genes, guns, and culture” [Journal of Economic Theory 185 (2020) 104951] “结构性群体偏好的进化:基因、枪支和文化”[j] .经济理论学报185(2020)104951。
IF 1.2 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106110
Ingela Alger , Jörgen W. Weibull , Laurent Lehmann
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引用次数: 0
Mean-field approximation of forward-looking population dynamics 前瞻性种群动态的平均场近似
IF 1.2 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106079
Ryota Iijima , Daisuke Oyama
We study how the equilibrium dynamics of a continuum-population game approximate those of large finite-population games. New agents stochastically arrive to replace exiting ones and make irreversible action choices to maximize the expected discounted lifetime payoffs. The key assumption is that they only observe imperfect signals about the action distribution in the population. We first show that the stochastic process of the action distribution in the finite-population game is approximated by its mean-field dynamics as the population size becomes large, where the approximation precision is uniform across all equilibria. Based on this result, we then establish continuity properties of the equilibria at the large population limit. In particular, each agent becomes almost negligible, in the sense that in equilibrium, each agent's action is almost optimal against the (incorrect) belief that it has no impact on others' actions as presumed in the continuum-population case. Finally, for binary-action supermodular games, we show that when agents are patient, there is a unique equilibrium as observation noise becomes small while the population size becomes large. In this equilibrium, every agent chooses a risk-dominant action, and the population globally converges to the corresponding steady state.
研究了连续种群对策的均衡动力学近似于有限种群对策的均衡动力学。新个体随机到来取代原有个体,并做出不可逆的行动选择,以最大化预期贴现终身收益。关键的假设是,他们只观察到关于总体行动分布的不完美信号。我们首先证明了有限种群博弈中行动分布的随机过程是由种群规模变大时的平均场动力学近似的,其中近似精度在所有均衡中是均匀的。在此基础上,建立了大种群极限下均衡的连续性。特别是,每个主体几乎可以忽略不计,因为在均衡中,每个主体的行为几乎是最优的,而不是(错误的)连续总体情况下假定它对其他主体的行为没有影响。最后,对于二元动作超模博弈,我们证明了当智能体有耐心时,当观察噪声变小而群体规模变大时,存在一个唯一的平衡。在此均衡中,每个个体都选择一个风险优势行为,种群全局收敛到相应的稳态。
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引用次数: 0
Learning under ambiguity: An experimental investigation 歧义下的学习:一项实验研究
IF 1.2 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106093
M. Abdellaoui , B. Hill , E. Kemel , H. Maafi
We investigate learning in ambiguous situations where subjects bet on a winning event whose probability depends on an unknown proportion of winning chips in an urn. Varying the number of draws prior to choice allows us to “scan” ambiguity attitudes across differing amounts of information. By separately eliciting posterior beliefs in addition to matching probabilities, we disentangle the impact of learning on ambiguity attitude from its impact on beliefs, including divergences from Bayesian update. Both “raw data” and smooth ambiguity model-based analyses show that learning affects ambiguity attitude in the direction of ambiguity neutrality. Moreover, at small sample sizes, the impact of these changes on preferences is comparable to that of the divergence from Bayesian update.
我们研究了在模棱两可的情况下的学习,在这种情况下,受试者对获胜事件下注,其概率取决于瓮中获胜筹码的未知比例。改变选择前的抽签次数可以让我们在不同数量的信息中“扫描”模棱两可的态度。除了匹配概率外,我们还分别引出后验信念,将学习对模糊性态度的影响从其对信念的影响中分离出来,包括与贝叶斯更新的分歧。“原始数据”和基于平滑模糊模型的分析都表明,学习对模糊态度的影响是向模糊中性方向发展的。此外,在小样本量下,这些变化对偏好的影响与贝叶斯更新的差异相当。
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引用次数: 0
Auctions with tokens: Monetary policy as a mechanism design choice 代币拍卖:作为机制设计选择的货币政策
IF 1.2 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106095
Andrea Canidio
I study a repeated auction in which payments are made with a blockchain token created and initially owned by the auction designer. Unlike the “virtual money” previously examined in mechanism design, such tokens can be saved and traded outside the mechanism. I show that the present-discounted value of expected revenues equals that of a conventional dollar auction, but revenues accrue earlier and are less volatile. The optimal monetary policy burns the tokens used for payment, a practice common in blockchain-based protocols. I also show that the same outcome can be reproduced in a dollar auction if the auctioneer issues a suitable dollar-denominated security. This equivalence breaks down with moral hazard and contracting frictions: with severe contracting frictions the token auction dominates, whereas with mild contracting frictions the dollar auction combined with a dollar-denominated financial instrument is preferred.
我研究了一个重复拍卖,其中付款是用拍卖设计师创建并最初拥有的区块链代币进行的。与之前在机制设计中考察的“虚拟货币”不同,这种代币可以在机制之外保存和交易。我表明,预期收入的现在贴现值等于传统美元拍卖的现值,但收入积累得更早,波动性更小。最优货币政策烧掉用于支付的代币,这在基于区块链的协议中很常见。我还表明,如果拍卖商发行合适的美元计价证券,同样的结果也可以在美元拍卖中重现。这种等价性在道德风险和契约摩擦中被打破:在严重的契约摩擦中,代币拍卖占主导地位,而在轻微的契约摩擦中,美元拍卖与美元计价的金融工具相结合是首选。
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引用次数: 0
Bad reputation due to incompetent expert 不称职的专家造成了坏名声
IF 1.2 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106080
Weicheng Min
This paper examines the impact of a recommender's career concerns on the long-term relationship with a consumer when the recommender has a private type in his expertise. An informed type's expertise is valuable for the consumer's ongoing purchasing decisions, whereas an uninformed type lacks such expertise and thus cannot mimic the informed type. I show that the uninformed type's reputation concerns never benefit the consumer and may lead to a complete market breakdown when they are sufficiently strong. Moreover, this “bad reputation” phenomenon arises even if the informed type is myopic and the consumer is long-lived. The analysis identifies the conditions under which this result holds and provides insights into the design of compensation schemes for recommenders.
本文考察了当推荐人的专业知识为私人类型时,推荐人的职业关注对其与消费者长期关系的影响。知情类型的专业知识对消费者正在进行的购买决策是有价值的,而不知情类型缺乏这种专业知识,因此无法模仿知情类型。我表明,不知情类型的声誉担忧从来没有给消费者带来好处,当它们足够强大时,可能会导致完全的市场崩溃。而且,即使知情者是短视的,消费者是长寿的,这种“坏名声”现象也会出现。分析确定了这一结果成立的条件,并为推荐人薪酬方案的设计提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
On the timing of moves in two-player games 在双人游戏中移动的时机
IF 1.2 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106107
Larry Karp , Robert C. Schmidt , Leo Simon , Leanne Streekstra
We introduce a novel continuous-time framework for analyzing two-player games. Each player can move at most once, choosing an action along with its timing. We introduce assumptions that allow for a natural representation of such games, and establish results on the relation between discrete and continuous time. Unlike in Simon and Stinchcombe [1989], action sets are compact subsets of Rn (rather than finite). This substantially increases the scope for applications. For illustration, we analyze different variants of price competition with entry in continuous time. Our framework handles complexities such as discontinuous changes in prices, and allows us to predict the identity of the price leader with minimal calculation. We show that it depends on product differentiation and on the possibility to deter entry.
我们引入了一个新的连续时间框架来分析二人博弈。每个玩家最多只能移动一次,选择一个行动和它的时间。我们引入了允许这种博弈的自然表示的假设,并建立了离散时间和连续时间之间关系的结果。与Simon和Stinchcombe[1989]不同,动作集是Rn的紧子集(而不是有限子集)。这大大增加了应用程序的范围。为了说明问题,我们分析了连续时间内价格竞争的不同变体。我们的框架处理诸如价格不连续变化之类的复杂性,并允许我们以最少的计算来预测价格领导者的身份。我们表明,这取决于产品差异化和阻止进入的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Mixture-betweenness: Uncertainty and commitment 介于两者之间:不确定性和承诺
IF 1.2 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106097
Fernando Payró
This paper develops axiomatic models of preference under uncertainty and preference for commitment that satisfy Mixture-Betweenness, a weakening of the Independence axiom originally proposed by Chew (1989) and Dekel (1986). A central contribution of the paper is a general representation theorem that can be applied across a wide range of domains.
本文发展了不确定性下的偏好和承诺偏好的公理模型,满足混合-中间性,这是对最初由Chew(1989)和Dekel(1986)提出的独立性公理的弱化。本文的一个核心贡献是一个可以应用于广泛领域的一般表示定理。
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引用次数: 0
The evolution of resilience 弹性的进化
IF 1.2 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106078
David K. Levine
I analyze a social evolutionary model in which there is a non-excludable public good that reduces the chances of catastrophe. I show that while resilient types that produce the public good cannot survive head-to-head competition with other more selfish types in a fixed population, they do if catastrophes reduce population.
我分析了一个社会进化模型,在这个模型中,存在一种非排他性的公共利益,可以减少灾难发生的可能性。我的研究表明,虽然在固定的人口中,生产公共产品的有弹性的类型无法与其他更自私的类型进行正面竞争,但如果灾难减少了人口,它们就能生存下来。
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引用次数: 0
Welfare and distributional effects of joint intervention in networks 网络中联合干预的福利和分配效应
IF 1.2 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106109
Ryan Kor , Yi Liu , Yves Zenou , Junjie Zhou
We study the optimal joint intervention of a planner who can influence both the standalone marginal utilities of agents in a network and the weights of the links connecting them. The welfare-maximizing intervention displays two key features. First, when the planner’s budget is moderate (yielding interior solutions), the optimal change in link weight between any pair of agents is proportional to the product of their eigen-centralities. Second, when the budget is sufficiently large, the optimal network converges to a simple structure: a complete network under strategic complements, or a complete balanced bipartite network under strategic substitutes. We show that welfare effects are governed by the principal eigenvalue of the network, while distributional outcomes are driven by the dispersion of the corresponding eigen-centralities. Comparing joint interventions to single interventions targeting only standalone marginal utilities, we find that joint interventions consistently generate higher aggregate welfare, but may also increase inequality, revealing a potential trade-off between efficiency and equity.
我们研究了一个规划者的最优联合干预,它既可以影响网络中个体的独立边际效用,也可以影响连接它们的链路的权重。福利最大化干预表现出两个关键特征。首先,当规划者的预算是适度的(产生内部解决方案),任何一对代理之间的连接权的最优变化与它们的特征中心性的乘积成正比。第二,当预算足够大时,最优网络收敛于一个简单的结构:战略互补下的完全网络,或战略替代下的完全平衡二部网络。研究表明,福利效应由网络的主特征值控制,而分配结果则由相应特征中心性的分散驱动。将联合干预与仅针对独立边际效用的单一干预进行比较,我们发现联合干预始终产生更高的总福利,但也可能增加不平等,揭示了效率与公平之间的潜在权衡。
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引用次数: 0
Credible sets 可信的集
IF 1.2 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2025.106098
Mert Kimya
A credible set is the set of stable states of an expectation satisfying internal and external stability as defined in Dutta and Vohra (2017). We show that credible sets are characterized by two fundamental coalitional rationality axioms: basic coalitional rationality and farsighted rationality. Credible sets exist in a wide range of environments, including all finite games, and they provide a unifying framework for organizing prominent notions in the farsighted stability literature. Influential solution concepts such as the largest consistent set, the farsighted stable set, the (strong) rational expectations farsighted stable set, and the stable set when it does not suffer from the Harsanyi critique are all particular refinements of credible sets.
可信集是Dutta和Vohra(2017)定义的满足内部和外部稳定性的期望的稳定状态集。我们证明可信集具有两个基本的联合理性公理:基本联合理性公理和远见理性公理。可信集存在于广泛的环境中,包括所有有限博弈,它们为组织有远见的稳定性文献中的重要概念提供了统一的框架。有影响力的解概念,如最大一致集,远视稳定集,(强)理性期望远视稳定集,以及不受Harsanyi批评的稳定集,都是可信集的特定改进。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Economic Theory
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