Applied Geography最新文献

{"title":"Chinese firms’ R&D internationalization: Leveraging global inventor networks for technological exploration","authors":"Kang Sun ,&nbsp;Yuefang Si ,&nbsp;Yi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the spatial distribution and key factors associated with Chinese firms' R&amp;D internationalization by using overseas patent application data from 1273 Chinese firms filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) over the period 2012–2019. We construct a global inventor network of Chinese firms, focusing on the role of firm-level internal motivations (the breadth and depth of firm's overseas R&amp;D) and the position of cities within this network. Our analysis reveals that information and communications technology (ICT) firms, such as Huawei, dominate these activities, with Shenzhen emerging as a key hub. Chinese firms' R&amp;D internationalization is primarily directed towards major innovation clusters in North America and Europe, including the San Francisco Bay Area and Munich. Using a panel negative binomial fixed-effects model, we find the degree centrality of overseas cities within the global R&amp;D network is positively associated with their attractiveness for Chinese firms. This paper presents a collection of stylized facts about the patterns of Chinese firms' R&amp;D internationalization. Moreover, there is a U-shaped relationship between the breadth of overseas R&amp;D and technological exploration, and an inverted U-shaped relationship between the depth of overseas R&amp;D and technological exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 103852"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A supply-side analysis of the craft beer scene in Spain","authors":"Francisco Sánchez-Cubo,&nbsp;Carlos G. Benavides-Chicón,&nbsp;José Luis Sánchez-Ollero","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on analysing beer, as a crucial element for dining, in portraying the destination image through depicting local images of where it is produced. A supply-side analysis was conducted using descriptive and K-prototype clustering analyses, which incorporated quantitative and qualitative data from an ad hoc database containing craft and industrial beers, to help answer the stated objectives. The results illustrate that, in the Spanish case, the relationship between craft beer and neolocalism may lack support since few local representations are found in craft or industrial beer labelling. Also, four beer clusters were found, allowing a more in-depth understanding of the beer scene in Spain. The findings shed light on the beer phenomenon from a multidimensional approach, combining market information (price, style, format, alcohol content), findings on neolocalism (labelling) and beer groups from clustering. This study is the first to comprehensively analyse the beer scene, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis from the supply side. The results have substantial implications for producers and tourism stakeholders, as they demonstrate there is room for strengthening the link between local imagery, destination identity and beer branding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 103849"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous effects of neighborhood renewal on mental well-being: A capability approach to analyzing complex causal pathways","authors":"Qinran Yang,&nbsp;Xidan Hu,&nbsp;Yanan Liu,&nbsp;Linchuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neighborhood renewal is considered a strategy for reducing place-based health inequalities. However, evidence suggests that such interventions can produce uneven mental health impacts. Drawing on the capability approach, this study explains how sociodemographic characteristics, neighborhood environmental changes, and individual agency, manifesting as perceptual and behavioral adaptation, interact to create intra-community mental well-being disparities. Through latent class regression analysis on survey data from 1127 residents across 16 neighborhoods in Chengdu, China, the study identifies three subgroups who experience renewal differently: higher-income older female natives, lower-income young male migrants, and the lowest-income young female migrants. First, sociodemographic characteristics establish patterned variations in environmental exposure and perceptions among the three subgroups. Specifically, lower-income young migrants are less exposed to beneficial environmental changes than higher-income local older women. These groups demonstrate distinct environmental perception patterns categorized as affection-oriented, development-oriented, and survival-oriented. Second, environmental changes exert temporally and socially heterogeneous effects on the three groups' mental well-being by altering health-related resource access<em>.</em> With environmental transformations intensifying, the health benefits for the first group continue to grow, while the benefits for the latter two groups initially rise but later decline. Finally, individuals’ strategic environmental perceptions further reshape health disparities. The study contributes to the multiple and interconnected causal pathways through which neighborhood renewal impacts mental well-being inequalities. It unravels the constraints imposed by structural factors on the environment-health and agency-health associations and the pathways and mechanisms through which environmental interventions and individual agency may overcome such constraints, which generates valuable insights for developing equity-oriented renewal policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 103847"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of factors influencing cooperation between border towns in different border traffic regimes","authors":"Izabela Iwona Zabielska ,&nbsp;Anna Klimach ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Dawidowicz","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cross-border cooperation is shaped by the permeability and functions of state borders, yet the impact of specific determinants under varying traffic regimes remains underexplored. This study examines the Polish–Russian border, which has shifted between three distinct regimes over the past two decades: the visa regime (2006), the local border traffic agreement (2013), and the border closure following the war in Ukraine (2023). A survey of local governments in three Polish border towns—Bartoszyce, Braniewo, and Gołdap—was conducted to evaluate and rank factors influencing cooperation across these different political and institutional contexts.</div><div>The results reveal a dynamic evolution of perceived drivers and barriers of cross-border cooperation. Economic factors dominated in 2006, when cross-border exchange was viewed both as an opportunity and a burden due to visa-related costs. Under the semi-permeable regime in 2013, their importance declined as trade normalized and transaction costs fell. In 2023, following the border closure, economic drivers weakened further, while economic barriers—linked to the loss of markets—regained significance. Institutional barriers persisted across all periods, reflecting long-term asymmetry between EU and Russian governance systems. Social factors fluctuated: they were highly significant under restrictive conditions in 2006, declined during institutionalized cooperation in 2013, and re-emerged in 2023 as residual channels of resilience when formal cooperation collapsed. Cognitive factors remained weak throughout, suggesting limited knowledge exchange and persistent stereotypes, while geographical proximity played a negligible role.</div><div>By comparing three consecutive regimes, the study demonstrates that the trajectory of cross-border cooperation was primarily determined by political and institutional frameworks, with local actors adapting to external conditions rather than shaping them. Nevertheless, the resurgence of social drivers during border closure highlights the latent resilience of local communities and their potential for future re-engagement.</div><div>This study introduces a novel classification and ranking of determinants of cross-border cooperation and offers a replicable analytical framework for assessing cooperation dynamics under varying border permeability. The findings provide practical guidance for policymakers and local authorities seeking to sustain cooperation and social resilience in politically asymmetric and volatile border regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 103841"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond urban–rural divide: urban hotspots benefit more than non-hotspots in PM2.5 reduction","authors":"Ding Ma ,&nbsp;Canpeng Li ,&nbsp;Ming Liu ,&nbsp;Lili Deng ,&nbsp;Honglin Zhu ,&nbsp;Mats Sandberg ,&nbsp;Zhengdong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to understand a nuanced intra-urban PM_2.5 distribution pattern and provide insights into the environmental consequences of urban development. Inspired by the impact that the urban-rural divide has had on nation-wide urbanization progress, the study approaches urban areas as a series of hotspots and non-hotspots, applying Zipf's law-ruled spatial clustering method on nighttime light data. We found that PM_2.5 concentrations and exposures in China decreased notably from 2005 to 2020, affirming the efficacy of that country's air pollution control policies. However, the difference in exposure between hotspot and non-hotspot regions indicates that outside-hotspot PM_2.5 exposures across most cities consistently exceeded within-hotspot ones, despite the observed declining trend in exposure disparity during the 15-year time span. The diminishment in exposure disparity primarily stems from the reduction in PM_2.5 levels rather than targeted equity measures. All of these outcomes point to the importance of integrating air quality management with broader city planning, economic, and health policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 103843"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data driven analysis of urban odour perception: Geospatial insights from Hong Kong","authors":"Haotian Wang,&nbsp;Zidong Yu,&nbsp;Xintao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban odours play a crucial role in shaping the development and liveability of urban environments. While existing research has focused on classifying and evaluating urban odours, there is a relative dearth of studies that examine odour factors from human perception. This study seeks to fill this gap by investigating the spatial distribution of urban odour perception reported by people and evaluating the correlation between these perception and various urban environment factors, including social, natural, and built factors. Using social media and multi-source spatial data, our research innovatively utilizes olfactory-related sentiment analysis to map odour perceptions, integrates a multi-dimensional environmental framework underexplored in odour research, and constructs a data-driven pipeline employing a three-step approach: firstly, keyword extraction and text sentiment analysis are utilized to map the spatial distribution of odour perception; secondly, global and local regression analysis is employed to explore the relationships between odour perception scores (OPS) and multidimensional factors of the urban environment. Thirdly, utilizing hierarchical clustering to group regions that exhibit consistency in odour perception and its influencing factors. The findings reveal distinct spatial patterns in odour perception, with significant associations to factors like population density, air pollutant concentration, and building density. Spatial clustering further identifies regions with consistent odour perception profiles, highlighting key environmental drivers that shape these patterns. These results provide a foundation for understanding the spatial distribution of odour perception and offer actionable insights for urban planning and governance. This study not only enhances the understanding of urban odours but also provides a data-driven framework for addressing perception-related urban challenges in future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 103844"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symbiotic development or resource siphoning? Investigating the impacts of regional cooperation on urban vitality in the greater bay area pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Hong Ni ,&nbsp;Jinliu Chen ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Li ,&nbsp;Haoqi Wang ,&nbsp;Xianchun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban vitality is crucial for sustainable growth amidst accelerating urbanization and resource disparities. Limited research has explored how regional cooperation can either foster symbiotic growth or exacerbate competitive siphoning, influencing urban vitality dynamics. This study addresses this gap by developing a machine learning-based text mining to classify regional cooperation affairs and applying the Bayesian Best-Worst Model to weigh urban vitality sub-dimensions, incorporating economic, social, and environmental factors. Using Ordinary Least Squares regression, Generalized Linear Model for lagged effects, and Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression, we analyze the spatiotemporal effects of regional cooperation on urban vitality in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) from 2012 to 2023, specifically distinguishing between pre- and post-COVID-19 dynamics. Our findings indicate: (1) Regional cooperation generally enhances urban vitality, with GBA cities showing resilience and sustained growth even during the pandemic, despite persistent spatial and temporal disparities. (2) Economic cooperation immediately increases social and environmental pressures, exhibiting a positive lagged effect. Institutional collaboration consistently bolsters social welfare and sustainability, highlighting the need for targeted governance; social cooperation also shows complex, sometimes negative, lagged effects on vitality. (3) Spatial heterogeneity reveals an evolving dynamic: a competitive siphoning effect was evident pre-pandemic, with core cities like Shenzhen showing limited gains. However, post-2021, core growth poles such as Hong Kong and Shenzhen derived significantly stronger vitality boosts from regional cooperation, suggesting a transition towards symbiotic growth. These findings underscore the importance of policies promoting equitable governance and deeper integration for balanced regional development and enhanced urban vitality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 103842"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The changing geographies of renewable energy: Accumulation, saturation, and contestation in Dunkirk, France","authors":"Cille Kaiser,&nbsp;James Patterson","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Renewable energy technology (RET) is expanding into new territories. Technological change, increasing demand, and siting constraints increasingly lead to RET development in already urbanized or industrialized landscapes. Here, the infrastructural context could make RET less visible and/or disruptive, but it could also exacerbate existing problems (e.g., environmental degradation) and create new social conflicts over the uneven impacts of energy transitions. It is therefore crucial to understand how these changing geographies affect the acceptability of RET. We examine the case of Dunkirk, France, where a controversial offshore wind project is being pursued in a complex socio-industrial context. Drawing on 43 semi-structured interviews and detailed field observations, we examine how meanings and responses over this project are shaped by the wider landscape(s) of infrastructure, institutions, and social or economic activity in which it is implicated. We find that the acceptability of a seemingly singular new wind project is shaped in important ways by people's relations to existing energy infrastructure (such as nuclear and onshore wind) and the wider industrial complex which it expands. We thereby show how RET becomes bound up in deep-seated and uneven patterns of industrial accumulation and saturation, which it can exacerbate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 103845"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145569026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uneven development and the geographies of energy transition in Mozambique","authors":"Marcus Power ,&nbsp;Lorraine Howe ,&nbsp;Joshua Kirshner ,&nbsp;Carlos Shenga","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Mozambique, sustainable energy access is an increasing priority for a diverse range of actors seeking to improve livelihoods and stimulate economic development—particularly in rural areas where energy infrastructure remains limited. Drawing on field research conducted as part of a comparative three-year project examining the potential of community energy systems to foster inclusive, just, and clean energy transitions in Southern and East Africa, this paper develops a critical, policy-relevant and geographically grounded analysis of Mozambique's energy transitions, which are unfolding across multiple fronts. Our analysis addresses both the move away from conventional or ‘traditional’ energy sources to ‘modern’ energy services, and the shift toward renewable energy technologies. We argue that while Mozambique has taken important steps toward a cleaner energy future there remain significant constraints to progress and that it is crucial to consider the advancement of renewable energy in relation to the country's embedded resource and extractive geographies that shape the directions, possibilities, and spatial dynamics of transition. We examine the broader policy environment, focusing on the state's energy transition strategy and its implications for energy justice, spatial inequality, and economic opportunity. Particular attention is given to the role and potential of decentralized, off-grid energy systems, emphasizing the need for greater community participation in both policy design and implementation. Finally, we develop a political economy framework to analyse the influence of state institutions, international donors, and private capital in shaping Mozambique's energy transitions, and assess their impacts on energy poverty and the goal of equitable, sustainable energy access.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 103839"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145569027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Flight catering” can have better options for resource, environmental, and health effects: The case of nine major airlines in China","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhu ,&nbsp;Rujing Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Zhu ,&nbsp;Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable dietary patterns are crucial for both health and environmental sustainability. With the rapid development of the aviation industry, flight catering has garnered increasing attention. However, current research on the resource, environmental, and health effects of flight catering requires further investigation. To address this issue, we conducted a case study involving nine major Chinese airlines to evaluate changes in dietary structure and the associated resource and environmental effects of flight catering over 10 years (2014–2023). The total food consumption in China's flight catering showed initial stabilization, a sharp increase, and a subsequent decline from 2014 to 2023. The dietary structure remained minimally changed, dominated by cereals, milk, and vegetables. During the study period, the trends of the water footprint, land requirements, and carbon emissions of China's flight catering were consistent with the trends observed in food consumption, with cereals, milk, meat, and aquatic products accounting for a higher proportion of resource and environmental effects. Compared to the Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2022, China's flight catering exhibited wasteful consumption of water, land, and carbon resources, with higher waste rates for cereals, milk, meat, and aquatic products. Accordingly, we designed three scenarios and observed that the “Green Flight” service effectively mitigates the environmental burden of flight catering. When 70 % of passengers select this service, water, land, and carbon consumption savings were observed. Results emphasized the importance of restructuring the dietary pattern of flight catering by reducing meat and aquatic product consumption to achieve sustainable consumption nationally and globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 103840"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145569028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}