Journal of Adolescence最新文献_第8页

A study on the configuration of factors influencing overweight and obesity in adolescents based on fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis 基于模糊集定性比较分析的青少年超重和肥胖影响因素配置研究。

IF 3 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescence

Pub Date : 2024-06-30 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12369

Yiwen Song, Xinru Li, Bingqin Hu, Yitong Chen, Peiyao Cui, Yifang Liang, Xin He, Guofeng Yang, Jinghua Li

Objective

Overweight and obesity among adolescents are grave public health issues around the world. Although the conditions that contribute to obesity have been extensively researched, little is known about how multiple conditions interact to cause overweight and obesity. The current study intends to investigate the histomorphic configuration pathways of several conditions of adolescent overweight and obesity by gender.

Method

The data came from a social survey conducted in June 2021 in Changchun, Jilin Province, China. The sample collected was 14-year-old adolescents, including 167 boys and 137 girls. The school physicians examined the participants' weight and height, and questionnaires were used to collect risk indicators from adolescents, such as sleep duration, electronic screens times, consumption of sugary drinks and fried foods, and physical activity. Simultaneously, a Fuzzy Qualitative Comparative Analysis will be performed to investigate the combinations of diverse conditions.

Result

We found that there is no determining necessary condition that, once present, directly determines that an individual is in a state of overweight and obesity. Simultaneously, this study revealed nine alternative configurational paths of overweight and obesity in teenagers of different genders, with a concordance of 0.805 for six male groupings and 0.916 for three female groupings. The outcomes of overweight obesity in adolescents under different genders are similar but not identical.

Conclusion

This study examined the interactions of a number of conditions from the individual, behavioral, learning and living environment that led to the same overweight obese outcome among adolescents of different genders. Our research will be useful to policymakers in that interventions should take into account the combined effects of a number of different aspects rather than focusing on a single factor that causes overweight and obesity.

目的：青少年超重和肥胖是全世界严重的公共卫生问题。尽管导致肥胖的病因已被广泛研究，但人们对多种病因如何相互作用导致超重和肥胖却知之甚少。本研究旨在按性别调查青少年超重和肥胖的几种情况的组构途径：数据来自 2021 年 6 月在中国吉林省长春市进行的一项社会调查。收集的样本为 14 岁的青少年，包括 167 名男生和 137 名女生。校医检查了参与者的体重和身高，并通过问卷调查收集了青少年的风险指标，如睡眠时间、电子屏幕时间、含糖饮料和油炸食品的摄入量以及运动量。同时，还将进行模糊定性比较分析，研究不同条件的组合：结果：我们发现，没有一个决定性的必要条件，一旦存在，就能直接决定一个人处于超重和肥胖状态。同时，本研究还揭示了不同性别青少年超重和肥胖的九种可供选择的构型路径，其中六组男性构型的一致性为 0.805，三组女性构型的一致性为 0.916。不同性别青少年超重肥胖的结果相似，但不完全相同：本研究探讨了导致不同性别青少年出现相同超重肥胖结果的个体、行为、学习和生活环境等多个条件之间的相互作用。我们的研究对决策者很有帮助，因为干预措施应考虑到多个不同方面的综合影响，而不是只关注导致超重和肥胖的单一因素。

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引用次数: 0

Who's most at risk? A person-centered approach to understanding the long-term relationship between early social media use and later depression across adolescence 谁的风险最大？以人为本，了解青春期早期使用社交媒体与日后抑郁之间的长期关系。

IF 3 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescence

Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12362

W. Justin Dyer, Sarah M. Coyne, Megan Gale, J. Andan Sheppard

Introduction

Person-centered analyses examined the relationship between social media use and depression over an 8-year period. The purpose was to examine the varying ways early social media use was associated with the development of depressive symptoms with a hypothesis that social media would not have a uniform association with depressive symptoms across adolescents.

Methods

Participants included 488 adolescents (52% female), living in the United States, who were surveyed once a year for 8 years (beginning in 2010 when the average age for participants was 13.33 years old).

Results

Longitudinal mixture regression was used to identify classes of adolescents representing unique ways their early social media use was related to the development of depressive symptoms over an 8-year period. Five classes were found representing unique ways social media use was related to depression. Findings suggest social media use does not impact all adolescents in the same way. Social media use was related to increased depression for adolescents with greater parental hostility, peer bullying, anxiety, reactivity to stressors, and lower parental media monitoring. In other instances, social media use was related to less depression or was unrelated to depression.

Conclusions

By identifying which adolescents may be most at risk from social media use, health providers, schools, and caregivers can tailor interventions to fit the needs of each adolescent.

简介以人为中心的分析研究了8年间社交媒体的使用与抑郁症之间的关系。其目的是研究早期社交媒体的使用与抑郁症状发展之间的不同关联，并假设社交媒体与青少年抑郁症状的关联并不一致：参与者包括 488 名居住在美国的青少年（52% 为女性），他们在 8 年中每年接受一次调查（从 2010 年开始，当时参与者的平均年龄为 13.33 岁）：研究采用纵向混合回归法来确定青少年的类别，这些类别代表了青少年早期使用社交媒体与抑郁症状发展之间的独特关系。结果发现有五个类别代表了社交媒体使用与抑郁症相关的独特方式。研究结果表明，社交媒体的使用对所有青少年的影响并不相同。对于父母敌意较强、同伴欺凌、焦虑、对压力的反应性以及父母媒体监控较弱的青少年来说，社交媒体的使用与抑郁症的增加有关。在其他情况下，社交媒体的使用则与抑郁程度较低有关，或者与抑郁无关：结论：通过确定哪些青少年可能因使用社交媒体而面临最大风险，医疗服务提供者、学校和护理人员可以根据每个青少年的需要采取相应的干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

Family factors related to adolescent screen media use and mental health outcomes: A systematic review and recommendation for practices 与青少年使用屏幕媒体和心理健康结果有关的家庭因素：系统回顾与实践建议。

IF 3 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescence

Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12367

Xiaoxuan Liu, Jianghong Liu, Dalmacio D. Flores, Catherine C. McDonald

Introduction

Screen media serves an essential role in adolescents' lives, posing growth opportunities and mental health challenges. Family plays a crucial role in mitigating these challenges. This systematic review offers a comprehensive analysis of the family factors related to adolescent screen media use and mental health.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Embase, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines using the following inclusion criteria: English, peer-reviewed, observational design, and published since 2013; adolescent samples aged 10–17 years; and examining screen media use, family factors, and internalizing problems. The role of family factors as predictors, moderators, and mediators was also examined.

Results

Of the 3587 records, 32 met the inclusion criteria. These studies, primarily cross-sectional, presented a global perspective of 14 countries. A heterogeneous range of family factors, screen media use, and mental health outcomes were examined, revealing significant associations between elevated screen media use and internalizing problems. Positive family processes and democratic media-specific parenting mitigate such association. A few studies underscored family socioeconomic status (SES), noting elevated screen media use and mental health risks among adolescents in families of low SES.

Conclusions

Accumulating evidence supports the important role of positive family contexts in fostering balanced screen media use and mental health in adolescents, accentuating the need for professional screening and education to promote positive screen media use among adolescents and families. Further research requires refinement in measurement and methodology to better capture the intricate relationship between family dynamics, screen media use, and adolescent mental health.

简介屏幕媒体在青少年的生活中扮演着至关重要的角色，既提供了成长机会，也带来了心理健康方面的挑战。家庭在缓解这些挑战方面起着至关重要的作用。本系统综述全面分析了与青少年使用屏幕媒体和心理健康有关的家庭因素：方法：根据《系统综述和元分析首选报告项目》（Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses）指南，采用以下纳入标准，在 PubMed、CINAHL、PsycINFO、Scopus 和 Embase 中进行了系统检索：英语、同行评审、观察性设计、2013 年以来发表、10-17 岁青少年样本、研究屏幕媒体使用、家庭因素和内化问题。此外，还研究了家庭因素作为预测因子、调节因子和中介因子的作用：在 3587 条记录中，有 32 条符合纳入标准。这些研究主要是横断面研究，从全球视角对 14 个国家进行了研究。研究考察了一系列不同的家庭因素、屏幕媒体使用情况和心理健康结果，发现屏幕媒体使用率上升与内化问题之间存在显著关联。积极的家庭进程和针对媒体的民主养育方式减轻了这种关联。一些研究强调了家庭的社会经济地位（SES），指出在社会经济地位较低的家庭中，青少年使用屏幕媒体和心理健康风险较高：越来越多的证据表明，积极的家庭环境在促进青少年平衡使用屏幕媒体和心理健康方面发挥着重要作用，这也强调了专业筛查和教育的必要性，以促进青少年和家庭积极使用屏幕媒体。进一步的研究需要改进测量和方法，以更好地捕捉家庭动态、屏幕媒体使用和青少年心理健康之间错综复杂的关系。

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引用次数: 0

The seeds of change: Antecedent variables and their impact in building grit and resilience through outdoor adventure education 变革的种子：前因变数及其对通过户外探险教育培养勇气和复原力的影响。

IF 3 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescence

Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12360

Curt Davidson, Stephen Foster

Introduction

This study examines the impact of Outdoor Adventure Education (OAE) on developing grit and resilience in adolescents. Focusing on a United States-based sample collected in 2015, it explores how antecedent variables such as age and gender influence these outcomes, integrating the PERMA model of well-being to investigate underlying mechanisms.

Methods

The research employed a cross-sectional design with 350 participants aged 14–18 from various OAE courses. Data collection involved pre/post surveys assessing grit and resilience as experiences through mastery, relatedness, and emotional reactivity. The study utilized established inventories for grit and the Resilience Scales for Children and Adolescents.

Results

Findings revealed significant grit, mastery, and relatedness increases following the OAE program. Participants demonstrated enhanced perseverance and passion toward goals, increased sense of mastery, and better relational dynamics. However, emotional reactivity scores remained largely unchanged. Notably, the impact of these programs varied based on participants' gender and socioeconomic status, indicating differential effects across demographic groups.

Conclusions

The study suggests that OAE programs effectively foster grit and resilience in adolescents, with varying impacts based on demographic factors. It highlights the necessity for inclusive and adaptive program designs that cater to diverse participant needs. The results contribute valuable insights to the field of youth development, emphasizing the role of OAE in enhancing key psychological traits essential for adolescents' growth and adaptation.

导言：本研究探讨了户外探险教育（OAE）对培养青少年勇气和韧性的影响。研究以2015年收集的美国样本为重点，探讨了年龄和性别等前因变量如何影响这些结果，并整合了PERMA幸福模型来研究其潜在机制：研究采用横断面设计，350 名参与者来自不同的 OAE 课程，年龄在 14-18 岁之间。数据收集包括事前/事后调查，通过掌握、相关性和情绪反应来评估勇气和复原力。研究采用了已建立的儿童和青少年勇气和复原力量表：结果：研究结果表明，在参加 OAE 计划后，勇气、掌握能力和相关性都有了明显的提高。参与者表现出更强的毅力和对目标的热情、更强的主人翁意识以及更好的关系动态。然而，情绪反应得分基本保持不变。值得注意的是，这些计划的影响因参与者的性别和社会经济地位而异，这表明不同人口群体的影响是不同的：这项研究表明，开放式互动教育计划能有效培养青少年的勇气和适应能力，其影响因人口因素而异。研究强调了包容性和适应性计划设计的必要性，以满足不同参与者的需求。研究结果为青少年发展领域提供了宝贵的见解，强调了开放式互动教育在增强青少年成长和适应所必需的关键心理特征方面的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Longitudinal associations among basic psychological need satisfaction at school, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation from middle childhood to early adolescence: Disentangling between‑ and within‑person associations 从童年中期到青春早期，学校基本心理需求满足、自尊和自杀意念之间的纵向联系：区分人与人之间以及人与人之间的关联。

IF 3 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescence

Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12366

Chi Yang, E. Scott Huebner, Lili Tian

Introduction

The current study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations among basic psychological need satisfaction at school (BPNSS), self-esteem, and suicidal ideation (SI), including whether self-esteem functioned as a mediator of the relations between BPNSS and SI at the within-person level after disentangling between- and within-person associations encompassing middle childhood to early adolescence.

Methods

A total of 650 Chinese students (53.54% boys, M_age = 9.95, SD = 0.75 at Time 1) completed measures on four occasions across 1.5 years, using 6-month intervals. Random intercept cross-lagged panel models were applied to disaggregate between- and within-person effects, thus providing greater confidence in elucidating the causal relations among study variables.

Results

The results showed that at the within-person level: (a) BPNSS negatively predicted SI; (b) BPNSS positively predicted self-esteem; (c) Self-esteem negatively predicted SI; and (d) BPNSS indirectly predicted SI via self-esteem.

Conclusion

These findings advanced the literature by demonstrating longitudinal associations among BPNSS, self-esteem, and SI at the within-person level, and highlighting the significance of distinguishing between- and within-person effects in developing prevention and intervention programs aimed at reducing SI over time from middle childhood to early adolescence.

研究简介本研究旨在探讨学校基本心理需求满足（BPNSS）、自尊和自杀意念（SI）之间的纵向关联，包括在剔除人际关联和人内关联后，自尊是否在人内水平上作为BPNSS和SI之间关系的中介：共有 650 名中国学生（男生占 53.54%，Mage = 9.95，SD = 0.75（时间 1））在 1.5 年内完成了四次测量，每次间隔 6 个月。随机截距交叉滞后面板模型用于分解人与人之间和人与人之间的影响，从而更有把握地阐明研究变量之间的因果关系：结果表明，在人内水平上：（a）BPNSS 负向预测 SI；（b）BPNSS 正向预测自尊；（c）自尊负向预测 SI；（d）BPNSS 通过自尊间接预测 SI：这些研究结果证明了 BPNSS、自尊和 SI 之间在人内水平上的纵向联系，从而推动了文献的发展，并强调了在制定预防和干预计划时区分人与人之间的影响和人内影响的重要性，这些计划旨在减少从童年中期到青春期早期的 SI。

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引用次数: 0

Abstinence beliefs in early adolescence and sexual risk behavior two years later 青春期早期的禁欲观念与两年后的性风险行为。

IF 3 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescence

Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12365

Shristi Bhochhibhoya, Briana Edison, Elizabeth R. Baumler, Christine M. Markham, Susan T. Emery, Melissa F. Peskin, Ross Shegog, Robert C. Addy, Jeff R. Temple, Dennis E. Reidy

Introduction

The United States has the highest teen pregnancy rate and sexually transmitted infection rates among developed countries. One common approach that has been implemented to reduce these rates is abstinence-only-until-marriage programs that advocate for delaying sexual intercourse until marriage. These programs focus on changing adolescents' beliefs toward abstinence until marriage; however, it is unclear whether adolescents' beliefs about abstinence predict their sexual behavior, including sexual risk behavior (SRB). An alternative approach may be encouraging youth to delay their sexual debut until they reach the age of maturity, but not necessarily until marriage.

Methods

To address this question, we compare the longitudinal association between abstinence beliefs (i.e., abstaining completely until marriage) and beliefs about delayed sexual debut with subsequent SRB 24 months later. The harmonized data set included 4620 (58.2% female, M_age = 13.0, SD_age = 0.93) participants from three randomized controlled trials attending 44 schools in the southern United States. Negative binomial regressions were employed to examine the association of abstinence until marriage beliefs and beliefs regarding delaying sex with SRB.

Results

We identified that beliefs supporting delaying sex until an age of maturity were associated with lower odds of engaging in SRB, such as having multiple sex partners and frequency of condomless sex, for both sexes. However, stronger abstinence beliefs had no significant associations with all SRB outcomes.

Conclusions

Findings suggest prevention programming that focuses on encouraging youth to delay sex until an appropriate age of maturity may be more effective at preventing SRB and consequent negative sexual health outcomes.

导言：美国是发达国家中少女怀孕率和性传播感染率最高的国家。为降低青少年怀孕率和性传播感染率而实施的一种常见方法是 "婚前禁欲 "计划，该计划提倡将性行为推迟到婚前。这些计划的重点是改变青少年对婚前禁欲的观念；然而，青少年对禁欲的观念是否能预测他们的性行为，包括性危险行为（SRB），目前还不清楚。另一种方法可能是鼓励青少年将初次性行为推迟到成熟年龄，但不一定要推迟到结婚年龄：为了解决这个问题，我们比较了禁欲信念（即婚前完全禁欲）和推迟初次性行为的信念与 24 个月后的性风险行为之间的纵向联系。统一数据集包括来自美国南部 44 所学校的三项随机对照试验的 4620 名参与者（58.2% 为女性，Mage = 13.0，SDage = 0.93）。我们采用负二项回归法研究了婚前禁欲信念和推迟性生活信念与自发性流产的关系：结果：我们发现，支持将性生活推迟到成熟年龄的信念与较低的男女性性行为发生率有关，如拥有多个性伴侣和无安全套性行为的频率。然而，更强烈的禁欲信念与所有性健康和生殖健康行为的结果没有明显的关联：研究结果表明，重点鼓励青少年将性行为推迟到适当的成熟年龄的预防计划可能更能有效地预防性虐待和由此产生的负面性健康结果。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring pregnancy-related stigma experiences among adolescents in rural Uganda 探索乌干达农村地区青少年因怀孕而蒙受耻辱的经历。

IF 3 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescence

Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12364

Koichi Sakakibara, Sarah McIvor Murray, Ethan Godwills Arima, Caesar Ojuka, Itziar Familiar-Lopez

Introduction

Pregnant adolescents face multiple adverse experiences that vary by context due to pregnancy-related stigma. We explored experiences of pregnancy-related stigma and psychosocial issues among adolescents living in rural eastern Uganda.

Methods

We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 15 adolescents (15–19 years old) who were pregnant (>3 months) or had recently given birth (<3 months) at Tororo District Hospital in Uganda. All interviews were translated from Dhopadhola to English. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify major themes, which were interpreted using the Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework.

Results

Six key themes were identified and were organized under the Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework. Social and gender norms for adolescent women and their lack of autonomy were identified as drivers and facilitators of pregnancy-related stigma. Results show how stigma is experienced by adolescents through the lack of social support, multiple forms of abuse, and negative judgement. Such manifested stigma negatively impacted their psychosocial wellbeing and resulted in limited access to socioeconomic resources and educational opportunities.

Conclusion

This study acknowledges the multilevel nature of pregnancy-related stigma among adolescents in the context of existing policy and programming. Recognizing the impact of pregnancy-related stigma on the health and wellbeing of adolescent girls necessitates prioritizing comprehensive stigma reduction interventions that address main drivers and facilitators, and that are rooted in the communities to harness support.

导言：由于与怀孕相关的污名化，怀孕少女面临着多种不利经历，这些经历因环境而异。我们探讨了生活在乌干达东部农村地区的青少年与怀孕相关的污名化经历和社会心理问题：我们对 15 名怀孕（>3 个月）或刚分娩的青少年（15-19 岁）进行了深入的半结构式访谈（结果：我们确定了六个关键主题，并对这些主题进行了整理：我们确定了六个关键主题，并将其归入 "健康羞辱与歧视框架"。青少年女性的社会和性别规范以及她们缺乏自主权被确定为与怀孕有关的成见的驱动因素和促进因素。研究结果表明，青少年是如何通过缺乏社会支持、多种形式的虐待和负面评价来感受到成见的。这些表现出来的成见对他们的社会心理健康产生了负面影响，并导致他们获得社会经济资源和教育机会受到限制：这项研究承认，在现有政策和计划背景下，青少年中与怀孕相关的成见具有多层次性。认识到与怀孕有关的成见对少女的健康和福祉的影响，有必要优先采取全面的减少成见干预措施，以解决主要驱动因素和促进因素，并扎根于社区以获得支持。

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引用次数: 0

“Speak from a place of love”: The family dynamics surrounding Black father–daughter sexual health communication "从爱出发"：围绕黑人父女性健康交流的家庭动态。

IF 3 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescence

Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12363

Olivia N. Kachingwe, Katelyn D. Reynolds, Lenora Blakely, Kirsten Stoebenau, Elizabeth M. Aparicio

Introduction

Parent–child sexual health communication reduces sexual risk behaviors among youth, which in turn lowers the transmission rate of HIV and sexually transmitted infections. Despite being a known protective factor, gender differences persist with mothers being more likely to discuss sexual health with their children than fathers. Although individual characteristics, interpersonal familial factors and societal norms (e.g., communication self-efficacy, parent–child closeness, and cultural and gender norms) are associated with Black parents' likelihood to communicate about sex with their children, the current study seeks to explore which of these factors found among Black mother–child or father–son dyads extend to Black father–daughter dyads and how this phenomenon (i.e., Black father–daughter sexual health communication) relates to family structure.

Methods

Seven father–daughter dyads (N = 7) and an additional five daughters (n = 5) in the United States completed individual in-depth semi-structured interviews. Daughters (M_age = 20.3) and fathers (M_age = 56.7) were biologically related, majority heterosexual, close, and lived together. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Analysis revealed three themes centering around the role of authoritative parenting, the tactics and skills facilitating sexual health communication, and family structure.

Conclusions

Black father–daughter sexual health communication is facilitated by close father–daughter relationships, non-authoritative parenting styles, and open, supportive, and non-judgmental communication. Fathers can be better supported in knowing how and when best to communicate sexual health messages, and to mitigate the possibly negative impacts on communication of divorce or having multiple children.

导言亲子之间的性健康交流可以减少青少年的性风险行为，从而降低艾滋病和性传播感染的传播率。尽管亲子性健康交流是一个已知的保护因素，但性别差异依然存在，母亲比父亲更有可能与子女讨论性健康问题。尽管个人特征、人际家庭因素和社会规范（如沟通自我效能感、亲子关系亲密程度以及文化和性别规范）与黑人父母与子女进行性沟通的可能性有关，但本研究试图探讨在黑人母子或父子二人组中发现的这些因素中有哪些延伸到了黑人父女二人组中，以及这种现象（即黑人父女性健康沟通）与家庭结构的关系：美国的七对父女（N = 7）和另外五个女儿（N = 5）完成了个人深度半结构式访谈。女儿（Mage = 20.3）和父亲（Mage = 56.7）有血缘关系，多数为异性恋，关系密切，并住在一起。数据被逐字转录，并采用主题分析法进行分析：分析结果显示了三个主题，分别围绕权威型父母的角色、促进性健康交流的策略和技能以及家庭结构：黑人父女之间的性健康沟通得益于亲密的父女关系、非权威性的养育方式以及开放、支持性和非评判性的沟通。父亲们可以得到更好的支持，了解如何以及何时最好地传达性健康信息，并减轻离婚或多子女对沟通可能产生的负面影响。

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引用次数: 0

Adverse childhood experiences and self-esteem among adolescents: The role of social capital and gender 不良童年经历与青少年的自尊：社会资本和性别的作用。

IF 3 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescence

Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12361

Yuqi Yan, Jingyue Zhang, Nan Lu

Introduction

Adverse childhood experiences have long-lasting effects on the self-esteem of adolescents. However, the extrinsic mechanism linking them to self-esteem, which is more modifiable, has rarely been examined. Therefore, this study examined the mediating roles of family, school, and peer social capital and the moderating role of gender in the association between adverse childhood experiences and adolescent self-esteem.

Methods

This study involved a cross-sectional survey of first- and second-grade students in the only high school in Wusu, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Data were collected in May 2023. A sample of 2539 students (M = 16.84 years old; 55.65% female) was included. The measurement models of family, school, and peer social capital were constructed using confirmatory factor analysis. The mediating roles of the three types of social capital and the moderating role of gender were examined using mediation analysis and multiple-group analysis, respectively.

Results

Family, school, and peer social capital significantly mediated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and adolescent self-esteem, and family social capital played the strongest role. Gender significantly moderated the direct effect of adverse childhood experiences on self-esteem. The direct effect was significant only among girls.

Conclusions

This study underscores the protective role of social capital for self-esteem among adolescents in Northwestern China and similar areas with relatively limited social services. Comprehensive interventions promoting social capital, especially family social capital, should be conducted to enhance self-esteem among adolescents.

引言童年的不良经历会对青少年的自尊心产生长期影响。然而，将这些经历与自尊联系起来的外在机制却很少被研究，而这种机制更容易改变。因此，本研究探讨了家庭、学校和同伴社会资本的中介作用，以及性别在童年不良经历与青少年自尊之间的调节作用：本研究对中国新疆维吾尔自治区乌苏市唯一一所高中的一、二年级学生进行了横断面调查。数据收集于 2023 年 5 月。样本包括 2539 名学生（男 = 16.84 岁；女占 55.65%）。采用证实性因素分析法构建了家庭、学校和同伴社会资本的测量模型。利用中介分析和多组分析分别考察了三种社会资本的中介作用和性别的调节作用：结果：家庭、学校和同伴社会资本对童年不良经历与青少年自尊之间的关系有明显的中介作用，其中家庭社会资本的作用最强。性别在很大程度上调节了不良童年经历对自尊的直接影响。结论：本研究强调了不良童年经历对青少年自尊的保护作用：本研究强调了社会资本对中国西北地区及社会服务相对有限的类似地区青少年自尊的保护作用。为增强青少年的自尊心，应采取促进社会资本（尤其是家庭社会资本）的综合干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

Using retrospective reports to develop profiles of harmful versus playful teasing experiences 利用回顾性报告来分析有害与好玩的戏弄经历。

IF 3 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Adolescence

Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12359

Naomi C. Z. Andrews, Molly Dawes

Introduction

The current investigation's central goal was to elucidate the complex features of peer teasing episodes that individuals use to interpret teasing as harmful versus playful.

Method

In 2022–2023, we used semistructured interviews to gather retrospective reports of K-12 peer teasing experiences from a sample of 27 students from a university in southern Ontario, Canada (18–25 years old, 63% female, 78% White).

Results

Content analysis revealed the multifaceted nature of teasing, with participants defining teasing as harmful, playful, or including elements of both harm and pleasure. Harmful teasing experiences often included content that was sensitive to the target, occurred between both friends and nonfriends, and often included a power differential with the teasing perpetrator having more power than the target. Targets recalled negative emotional responses, with behavioral responses to mitigate the situation and reduce further teasing. In contrast, playful teasing often occurred between friends or close friends, was often motivated by positive interpersonal motives (e.g., for encouragement), and had positive impacts on the relationship between perpetrator and target. However, despite benign intent, some playful teasing was marked by negative emotional responses and feelings of harm.

Conclusions

Results have implications for uncovering the nuanced and complex nature of teasing, and provide a preliminary profile of harmful versus playful teasing interactions.

引言本次调查的核心目标是阐明同伴取笑事件的复杂特征，即个人是如何将取笑解释为有害还是好玩的：2022-2023年，我们使用半结构式访谈收集了来自加拿大安大略省南部一所大学的27名学生（18-25岁，63%为女性，78%为白人）对K-12年级同伴取笑经历的回顾性报告：结果：内容分析揭示了取笑的多面性，参与者将取笑定义为有害的、好玩的或包含伤害和快乐元素的。有害的戏弄经历通常包括对戏弄对象敏感的内容，发生在朋友和非朋友之间，而且通常包括权力差异，即戏弄者比戏弄对象拥有更大的权力。被取笑者会回忆起负面的情绪反应，并通过行为反应来缓解这种情况，减少进一步的取笑。相比之下，游戏性取笑通常发生在朋友或亲密朋友之间，通常出于积极的人际动机（如鼓励），并对施虐者和目标之间的关系产生积极影响。然而，尽管意图是善意的，但有些游戏性戏弄还是带有负面情绪反应和伤害感：结论：研究结果对揭示戏弄的微妙和复杂性质具有重要意义，并提供了有害戏弄与游戏戏弄互动的初步概况。

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引用次数: 0