IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2026.106793

Franklin Obeng-Odoom

Attention to, and precision in, how property rights are analysed should be cardinal to research in urban political economy. This methodology is presented in Obeng-Odoom and Haila (2024), the focus of W.C. Lai's (2025) rejoinder. Contrary to Lai's claim that our work misquoted or misunderstood his position, a close reading of the relevant texts indicates otherwise. Instead, Lai's response reflects a particular interpretation of property rights that privileges private property and Coasian traditions, often at the expense of recognising community-based and uncertified land systems, particularly in the Global South. This sequel to the debate demonstrates that the alleged ‘misquotes’ are in fact accurate, and that some of the conclusions in Lai's work rest on unsubstantiated views. We argue that property rights scholarship benefits from open debate across traditions, but suggest that alternatives to the ideology of private property deserve fuller recognition. In this spirit, the article offers a counterpoint to Lai's position by highlighting the importance of original institutional political economy in the analysis of property and property rights.

关注和准确地分析产权是城市政治经济学研究的基础。这种方法在Obeng-Odoom和Haila（2024）中提出，这是W.C. Lai（2025）反驳的重点。与赖的说法相反，我们的工作错误地引用或误解了他的立场，仔细阅读相关文本会发现情况并非如此。相反，Lai的回应反映了一种对财产权的特殊解释，这种解释特权私有财产和科斯亚裔传统，常常以承认社区为基础和未经认证的土地制度为代价，特别是在全球南方国家。这场辩论的后续表明，所谓的“错误引用”实际上是准确的，而赖的工作中的一些结论是基于未经证实的观点。我们认为，产权学术受益于跨传统的公开辩论，但我们认为，私有财产意识形态的替代品值得得到更充分的认可。本着这种精神，本文通过强调原始制度政治经济学在财产和产权分析中的重要性，提供了与赖的立场相对应的观点。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of high-income population distribution on urban housing vacancy: A case study of Kunming, China 高收入人口分布对城市住房空置率的影响——以昆明市为例

IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2026.106781

Yang Wang , Jinyu Huang , Xiaoli Yue , Jun Chu

Previous research has explored the mechanisms underlying housing vacancy. However, few studies have investigated the role of high-income population distribution in this context, particularly in rapidly expanding growth-type megacities. This study develops a theoretical framework to examine the effects of high-income population distribution on housing vacancy in the suburban areas of growth-type megacities. It empirically tests these effects using Kunming as a case study. The study investigates how the concentration of high-income populations influences non-moved-in housing vacancy rates by using beta regression analysis, mediation effect analysis, and geographically weighted regression. The results indicate that (1) the distribution of high-income populations has a significant positive effect on housing vacancy in growth-type megacities; (2) this effect operates primarily through the mediating pathways of housing supply and investment-oriented housing purchases; and (3) the effect has spatial heterogeneity, and is more pronounced in the suburbs of Kunming's main urban district. Overall, this study highlights the impact of high-income population distribution on housing vacancy in rapidly developing megacities and offers insights for optimizing urban housing policies and resource allocation.

以前的研究已经探讨了住房空置的机制。然而，很少有研究调查高收入人口分布在这方面的作用，特别是在快速扩张的增长型特大城市中。本研究建立了一个理论框架来考察高收入人口分布对增长型特大城市郊区住房空置率的影响。本文以昆明为例，对这些影响进行了实证检验。本研究采用beta回归分析、中介效应分析和地理加权回归分析，探讨了高收入人群集中度对非迁入住房空置率的影响。结果表明：(1)高收入人口分布对增长型特大城市住房空置率有显著的正向影响；(2)这种效应主要通过住房供给和投资性住房购买的中介途径起作用；③该效应具有空间异质性，在昆明主城区近郊更为明显。总体而言，本研究突出了高收入人口分布对快速发展的特大城市住房空置率的影响，并为优化城市住房政策和资源配置提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

The spatial mobility of rural labor faces the environmental injustice of air pollution 农村劳动力的空间流动面临着空气污染的环境不公

IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2026.106796

Chang Li , Jiaying Li , Xiangbo Xu , Xiaohua Yu , Linxiu Zhang

This paper quantifies the impact of air pollution on the spatial mobility of rural labor, investigates the underlying mechanisms, and identifies the heterogeneous impacts across labor characteristics. Using panel data for 103,409 rural laborers in China from 2000 to 2015, this study employs a Heckman two-stage model combined with an instrumental variable approach. Key findings indicate that urban air quality act as a significant deterrent at the destination, rather than a push factor at the origin. While hometown pollution does not significantly drive laborers to emigrate, a 10 μg/m³ increase in a city's PM_2.5 concentration is associated with a 4.30% decrease in the probability of rural labor migrating to that city. This mechanism operates through environmental regulations, which inhibit the secondary industry and promote industrial upgrading, thus altering the rural labor demand. Furthermore, the deterrent effect is more pronounced for less-educated rural laborers, particularly those employed in factories. This research offers critical insights into environmental injustice, where urban pollution-induced regulations in destination cities create ecnomic barriers to China's rural labor force. Therefore, future urbanization strategies should integrate environmental protection with inclusive labor market concerns to ensure equitable development.

本文量化了空气污染对农村劳动力空间流动的影响，探讨了影响机制，并识别了不同劳动力特征的异质性影响。本研究采用2000 - 2015年中国103409名农村劳动力的面板数据，采用Heckman两阶段模型结合工具变量法。主要研究结果表明，城市空气质量在目的地起着重要的威慑作用，而不是在起点起推动作用。虽然家乡的污染并没有显著地推动劳动力迁移，但一个城市的PM2.5浓度每增加10 μg/m3，农村劳动力迁移到该城市的可能性就会下降4.30%。这一机制是通过环境规制来实现的，环境规制抑制了第二产业，促进了产业升级，从而改变了农村劳动力需求。此外，这种威慑效应对于受教育程度较低的农村劳动力更为明显，尤其是那些在工厂工作的人。这项研究为环境不公提供了重要的见解，即目的地城市的城市污染引发的法规给中国农村劳动力带来了经济障碍。因此，未来的城市化战略应将环境保护与包容性劳动力市场问题结合起来，以确保公平发展。

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引用次数: 0

A scoping review of risk creation in disaster-induced resettlement in the urban 对城市灾害重新安置中风险产生的范围审查

IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106707

Suchismita Goswami , Tejal Patil , Emmanuel Raju

Resettlement is a commonly used recovery strategy in the aftermath of disasters. However, there is very little evidence to show that resettlements lead to disaster risk reduction. Using a scoping review methodology, this paper examines the process and drivers of disaster risk creation in disaster-induced resettlement in the urban. This paper reviewed 77 studies and categorized risks (both new and pre-existing risks that are exacerbated) in urban areas. The paper also highlights the theoretical approaches used to engage with new risks. Drawing on critical disaster studies, we expand the concept of risk beyond natural hazards to include broader socio-economic and political components. The review identified 5 categories of risks in disaster-induced resettlements: 1. Loss of infrastructure and basic amenities, 2. Livelihood and economic crisis, 3. Loss of sense of community, 4. Loss of health and well-being and 5. Compounding vulnerabilities and inequalities. The paper discusses the roles of various actors and interconnected processes in the risk creation. Finally, the paper highlights gaps in the literature and provides directions for further research and practice.

重新安置是灾后常用的恢复策略。然而，很少有证据表明重新安置可以减少灾害风险。本文采用范围审查方法，研究了城市灾害重新安置中灾害风险产生的过程和驱动因素。本文回顾了77项研究，并对城市地区的风险（包括新的风险和已经存在的风险）进行了分类。本文还强调了用于应对新风险的理论方法。借鉴重要的灾害研究，我们将风险的概念扩展到自然灾害之外，包括更广泛的社会经济和政治因素。审查确定了灾害引起的重新安置中的5类风险：基础设施和基本便利设施的丧失；3.民生与经济危机；丧失社区意识；丧失健康和幸福；加剧脆弱性和不平等。本文讨论了风险产生过程中各种参与者的角色和相互关联的过程。最后，本文指出了文献中的空白，并为进一步的研究和实践提供了方向。

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引用次数: 0

Rethinking urban shrinkage: An LLM-enhanced literature review of global landscapes and theoretical reconstruction of shrinking cities 重新思考城市收缩：全球景观和收缩城市理论重建的法学硕士增强文献综述

IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2026.106775

Chenfan Cai , Zixuan Hu , Jin Rui

As global urbanization enters the post-growth era, urban shrinkage has become increasingly prevalent, yet existing research often oversimplifies it as urban decline, overlooking the complexity and diversity of shrinkage processes. This study aims to systematically review global progress in shrinking cities research and reinterpret the essential characteristics and evolutionary patterns of urban shrinkage. The research employs a systematic literature review methodology, utilizing the ChatGPT-4o large language model to extract and analyze data from 183 articles, constructing an analytical framework across five dimensions: demographic-social, economic-industrial, spatial-land use, ecological-environmental, and governance-policy. The findings revealed: (1) Shrinking cities possess unique developmental logic, manifesting as complex evolutionary patterns where localized population return coexists with overall shrinkage; (2) Population flows demonstrate differentiated characteristics with out-migration of young, highly educated groups and retention of elderly, low-income populations, while some cities experience population decline coupled with sustained economic vitality; (3) Urban spatial restructuring manifests as simultaneous core decline and peripheral expansion instead of centripetal contraction alone, while abundant vacant land provides new opportunities for ecological restoration; (4) Future research should transcend simple binary frameworks, focusing on revealing the intrinsic mechanisms of localized revival, ecological equity, and multi-collaborative governance. This study unveils the knowledge structure and theoretical blind spots in shrinking cities research, providing evidence for developing more effective governance strategies for shrinking cities.

随着全球城市化进入后增长时代，城市收缩现象日益普遍，但现有研究往往将其简单化为城市衰退，忽视了收缩过程的复杂性和多样性。本研究旨在系统回顾全球城市收缩研究的进展，并重新解释城市收缩的基本特征和演化模式。本研究采用系统的文献综述方法，利用chatgpt - 40大型语言模型，从183篇文章中提取和分析数据，构建了人口-社会、经济-工业、空间-土地利用、生态-环境和治理-政策五个维度的分析框架。研究结果表明：①城市收缩具有独特的发展逻辑，表现为局部人口回归与整体收缩并存的复杂演化模式；(2)人口流动呈现出高学历青年向外迁移、高学历老年人和低收入人口留在城市的分化特征，部分城市人口减少但经济活力持续；③城市空间重构表现为核心萎缩与外围扩张同步，而非单纯向心收缩，大量的空地为生态修复提供了新的契机；(4)未来的研究应超越简单的二元框架，重点揭示地方复兴、生态公平和多方协同治理的内在机制。本研究揭示了萎缩城市研究的知识结构和理论盲点，为制定更有效的萎缩城市治理策略提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring carbon metabolism from perspective of land use in Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration, China: A multi-scale and multi-scenario analysis framework 成渝城市群土地利用碳代谢的多尺度、多情景分析框架

IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2026.106773

Shujiang Xiang , Xianjin Huang , Atingai Ailin , Youming Dong , Meiping Li , Nana Lin , Zeyu Yi

Exploring multi-scale and multi-scenario analysis of carbon metabolism in urban agglomerations is crucial for achieving low-carbon development. However, existing researches mainly focus on single-scale and historical period analysis, lacking of multi-scale and multi-scenario predictions of carbon metabolism based on land use. Therefore, this research focuses on Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration (CCUA) and uses carbon metabolism accounting, ecological network analysis, and Markov-PLUS to construct a multi-scale and multi-scenario analysis framework to analyze carbon metabolism characteristics of CCUA. The findings suggest that: (1) Positive carbon flow of CCUA from 2000 to 2020 is smaller than negative carbon flow, and net carbon flow remains consistently negative (−13.57 ∼ −60.02 Tg). Ecological relationship of carbon metabolism of CCUA is mainly determined with control and exploitation relationships, and the proportion remains stable at about 50 %. Ecological mutual index (EMI) of CCUA showed significant growth, steadily increasing from 0.78 to 1.28. (2) Carbon metabolism has obvious spatial scale effects. EMI at different scales shows different spatial differentiation and diffusion characteristics. In addition, standard deviation ellipse of EMI contracted from large to small at all scales, and gravity center (GC) shows a trend of migrating to western region. (3) From EMI ranking results, low-carbon development scenario (0.730) > natural development scenario (0.684) > high-carbon development scenario (0.600). GC of EMI among different scenarios is relatively close, located in Ziyang and Chongqing. The research findings can offer a scientific foundation for low-carbon development and optimal allocation of land resources in CCUA, and provide a reference for other urban agglomerations.

探索城市群碳代谢的多尺度、多情景分析对于实现低碳发展至关重要。但现有研究主要集中在单尺度和历史时期分析，缺乏基于土地利用的多尺度、多情景碳代谢预测。因此，本研究以成渝城市群为研究对象，运用碳代谢核算、生态网络分析、Markov-PLUS等方法，构建多尺度、多场景的分析框架，对成渝城市群碳代谢特征进行分析。结果表明：(1)2000 ~ 2020年CCUA正碳流量小于负碳流量，净碳流量持续为负（- 13.57 ~ - 60.02 Tg）。CCUA碳代谢的生态关系主要由控制和开发关系决定，所占比例稳定在50%左右。生态互指数（EMI）呈显著增长，由0.78稳步上升至1.28。(2)碳代谢具有明显的空间尺度效应。不同尺度的电磁干扰表现出不同的空间分异和扩散特征。此外，各尺度上EMI的标准差椭圆由大到小均呈收缩趋势，重心（GC）呈向西部地区迁移的趋势。(3)从EMI排名结果来看，低碳发展情景（0.730）>；自然发展情景（0.684）>；高碳发展情景（0.600）。不同场景间EMI的GC比较接近，分别位于资阳和重庆。研究结果可为中部城市群低碳发展和土地资源优化配置提供科学依据，并为其他城市群提供借鉴。

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引用次数: 0

Street furniture and the public life of neoliberalism: A historical-interpretive case study of London 街道设施和新自由主义的公共生活：伦敦的历史解释案例研究

IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2026.106783

Sinan Wang

This paper explores how seemingly mundane objects—benches, lampposts, phone boxes, bus shelters—became sites of political significance in London, and by extension in Britain's cities, following the neoliberal turn of 1979. It traces the shift from post-war democratic design governance, when street furniture was actively debated and designed as a civic good, to an era marked by privatization, depoliticization, and the erosion of public oversight. Drawing on a historical-interpretive case study, the study analyzes policy documents, design debates, archival material, and media coverage to investigate how neoliberal urban reforms under Margaret Thatcher dismantled institutional frameworks that once supported public involvement in shaping the everyday urban landscape. However, rather than disappearing, public engagement with street furniture shifted into the realm of informal practice—seen in acts of appropriation, subversion, and local customization. The article integrates Henri Lefebvre's “right to the city,” Michel de Certeau's theory of everyday tactics, and affordance theory to frame street furniture as an “in-between” architecture of urban politics—symbolically and materially reflecting the tensions between state, market, and citizen. By foregrounding these overlooked micro-political struggles, the paper argues for a renewed recognition of small urban objects as critical to democratic space-making. It concludes with implications for inclusive urban governance and participatory design in an age of market-led city development.

本文探讨了在1979年新自由主义转向之后，看似平凡的物体——长椅、灯柱、电话亭、公共汽车候车亭——是如何在伦敦乃至整个英国城市成为具有政治意义的场所的。它追溯了战后民主设计治理的转变，当时街头家具被积极讨论和设计为公民利益，到一个以私有化、去政治化和公共监督侵蚀为标志的时代。通过历史解释案例研究，本研究分析了政策文件、设计辩论、档案材料和媒体报道，以调查玛格丽特·撒切尔（Margaret Thatcher）领导下的新自由主义城市改革如何拆除了曾经支持公众参与塑造日常城市景观的制度框架。然而，公众对街道家具的参与并没有消失，而是转移到了非正式实践的领域——在挪用、颠覆和当地定制的行为中可以看到。这篇文章整合了亨利·列斐伏尔的“城市权利”、米歇尔·德·塞托的日常策略理论和供给理论，将街道家具框架为城市政治的“中间”建筑——象征性地和物质上反映了国家、市场和公民之间的紧张关系。通过突出这些被忽视的微观政治斗争，本文主张重新认识到小型城市物体对民主空间制造至关重要。最后提出了在市场主导的城市发展时代，包容性城市治理和参与式设计的启示。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring a business incubator process: Evidence from different European cities in the IN-HABIT project 探索企业孵化器过程：来自in - habit项目中不同欧洲城市的证据

IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2026.106776

Giulia Granai , Carmen Borrelli , Catherina Vecchione , Bianca Breveglieri , Francesco Di Iacovo , Roberta Moruzzo

Incubators are useful tools to foster the launch of innovative start-ups. This paper investigates the process of an incubation model that supports entrepreneurs at an initial stage of their work through the development of a business plan from scratch with innovative tools. Specifically, we focus on the impact of the application of this methodology to a European project – IN-HABIT - involving 4 different cities in Europe. Based on a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews (multiple-choice questionnaire), we critically analysed the whole process and compared the findings to understand strengths and weaknesses across different phases of the program and city contexts. A questionnaire for each city from a representative of the organisation applying the incubation tool has been collected. Results highlight how the context in which the incubation program is carried out and the specific topic of interest can influence the whole process. Although this research mainly explored the methodology's application in different contexts, further study will be needed to better assess the long-term outcomes for participants. From a practical perspective, the study suggests that successful implementation and replication of incubation programs in diverse urban settings require: local adaptation of the methodology to context-specific needs; engagement of local stakeholders to ensure outreach and participation; and integration of incubation activities within broader urban innovation ecosystems. These insights can inform practitioners, policymakers, and project designers seeking to apply or replicate inclusive incubation models in other territorial or thematic contexts.

孵化器是培育创新型初创企业的有用工具。本文研究了一个孵化模型的过程，该模型通过使用创新工具从零开始制定商业计划，在创业的初始阶段为企业家提供支持。具体来说，我们关注的是将这种方法应用于一个涉及欧洲4个不同城市的欧洲项目- in - habit的影响。基于使用半结构化访谈（多项选择问卷）的定性方法，我们批判性地分析了整个过程，并比较了研究结果，以了解项目不同阶段和城市背景的优势和劣势。从应用孵化工具的组织的代表那里收集了一份针对每个城市的问卷。结果突出了孵化计划实施的背景和感兴趣的特定主题如何影响整个过程。虽然本研究主要探讨了该方法在不同背景下的应用，但需要进一步的研究来更好地评估参与者的长期结果。从实际角度来看，该研究表明，在不同的城市环境中成功实施和复制孵化计划需要：根据具体情况的需要对方法进行当地调整；地方利益攸关方的参与，以确保外联和参与；将孵化活动整合到更广泛的城市创新生态系统中。这些见解可以为从业者、政策制定者和项目设计者提供信息，以便在其他地域或主题背景下应用或复制包容性孵化模式。

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引用次数: 0

The urban agglomeration nexus: How green space and wild boar presence shape residents' emotions and protective intentions 城市群关系：绿地和野猪的存在如何塑造居民的情感和保护意图

IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2026.106774

Duo Yin , Meixin Liu , Jie He

Urban agglomerations, characterized by intense human-nature interactions and interconnected socioeconomic structures, present distinct challenges for human-place relations. Recent expansion into wildlife habitats has escalated human-wildlife conflicts, which typically scattered and widespread, posing a shared governance challenge. Focusing on the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, this study investigates how urban green spaces and wild boar presence shape residents' emotional responses and their intentions to protect both wild boars and human interests. A survey of 350 residents reveals that urban green spaces are positively associated with the presence of wild boars. Such encounters in these spaces elicit positive emotions, which in turn enhance intentions to protect wild boars. The findings demonstrate that urban green spaces indirectly promote residents' protective intentions by fostering positive emotions, while also reducing negative emotions and the consequent inclination to prioritize human interests. Furthermore, shared use of green spaces with wild boars did not amplify negative emotions. This study challenges the prevailing perception of wild boars as merely fear-relevant species, offering novel insights for the ecological construction of urban agglomeration and sustainable human-wildlife coexistence strategies amidst ongoing “wild boar urbanization”.

城市群以强烈的人与自然互动和相互关联的社会经济结构为特征，对人与地关系提出了独特的挑战。最近对野生动物栖息地的扩张升级了人类与野生动物之间的冲突，这些冲突通常是分散和广泛的，构成了共同的治理挑战。本研究以长三角城市群为研究对象，探讨城市绿地和野猪的存在如何影响居民的情感反应，以及他们保护野猪和人类利益的意愿。一项针对350名居民的调查显示，城市绿地与野猪的存在呈正相关。在这些空间里的这种遭遇引发了积极的情绪，反过来又增强了保护野猪的意图。研究结果表明，城市绿地通过培养积极情绪间接促进了居民的保护意愿，同时也减少了负面情绪和随之而来的优先考虑人类利益的倾向。此外，与野猪共享绿地并没有放大负面情绪。本研究挑战了人们对野猪仅仅是与恐惧有关的物种的普遍看法，为正在进行的“野猪城市化”中城市群的生态建设和人类与野生动物的可持续共存策略提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding interdependencies in urban pluvial flood risk management: Insights from Amsterdam and Rotterdam 理解城市雨洪风险管理中的相互依赖关系：来自阿姆斯特丹和鹿特丹的见解

IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2026.106769

Zeqiang Pan, Gert de Roo, Britta Restemeyer, Elen-Maarja Trell-Zuidema

In urban pluvial flood risk management, local authorities and local collectives (e.g. citizen groups) increasingly rely on each other's contributions to develop on-the-ground solutions, thereby creating an interdependent relationship. Although it is known that these interdependencies can be beneficial, most studies have focused on interaction processes between local authorities and local collectives, paying less attention to the underlying interdependencies. This study explores how interdependencies influence flood risk management by analysing two neighbourhood-level projects in the Netherlands: Oase Noord (Oasis North) in Amsterdam, which is characterised by a shared governance model, and Dakpark (Roof Park) in Rotterdam, which reflects a self-governance approach. Interviews were held with local authorities and local collectives from the two cases, and experts involved in similar projects. Our analysis demonstrates that interdependencies can benefit collaborative processes for developing integrated pluvial flood risk management strategies, and their forms are by and large similar in shared governance and self-governance. Our empirical findings also highlight institutional challenges in recognising and using interdependencies, particularly the absence of consistent government support across both approaches. This study underscores the interdependencies between local authorities and communities and the ability of citizens to take their part in the responsibility to manage flood risks and other climate-related transitions.

在城市洪积洪水风险管理中，地方当局和地方集体（如公民团体）越来越依赖彼此的贡献来制定实地解决方案，从而形成一种相互依存的关系。虽然众所周知，这些相互依赖可能是有益的，但大多数研究都集中在地方当局和地方集体之间的相互作用过程上，对潜在的相互依赖关系关注较少。本研究通过分析荷兰的两个社区级项目，探讨了相互依赖如何影响洪水风险管理：阿姆斯特丹的Oase Noord（绿洲北部）以共享治理模式为特征，鹿特丹的Dakpark（屋顶公园）反映了一种自治方法。与这两个案件的地方当局和地方集体以及参与类似项目的专家进行了面谈。我们的分析表明，相互依赖有利于开发综合洪积洪水风险管理策略的协作过程，它们的形式在共享治理和自我治理中大致相似。我们的实证研究结果还强调了在认识和利用相互依赖性方面的制度挑战，特别是在两种方法之间缺乏一致的政府支持。这项研究强调了地方当局和社区之间的相互依存关系，以及公民参与管理洪水风险和其他与气候相关的过渡的能力。

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引用次数: 0

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