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Sex of Child, the Fatherhood Bonus, and Fathers' Work Hours 孩子的性别,父亲的奖金,和父亲的工作时间
IF 3.4 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.13122
Elizabeth Aura McClintock, Emily Fitzgibbons Shafer

Objective

This research note examines whether the fatherhood bonus—the earnings increase that men, on average, experience after the birth of a child—varies by sex of child, a largely overlooked dimension of heterogeneity. We also consider men's paid work hours, as an indicator of time available for active parenting and of men's devotion to breadwinning.

Background

Competing social understandings of fathers as providers and fathers as caregivers create ambiguity in defining “good fathering.” In practice, fathers spend more time with sons compared to daughters, suggesting that fathers of sons disproportionately understand “good fathers” as involved parents, whereas fathers of daughters understand “good fathers” as financial providers. If so, fathers of daughters would experience a larger fatherhood bonus and longer work hours, as compared to fathers of sons.

Method

Using fixed-effects analysis and data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 cohort, the authors examine variation by sex of child in the impact of fatherhood on men's earnings and hours worked.

Results

Fathers of daughters experience a larger fatherhood bonus than fathers of sons. For married men, who experience the largest fatherhood bonus, the birth of a daughter is associated with increased paid work hours, but the birth of a son is associated with unchanged or reduced work hours.

Conclusions

These results are suggestive of sex-of-child differences in men's understanding of good fathering.

目的:本研究报告探讨了父亲的奖金——男性平均在孩子出生后获得的收入增长——是否因孩子的性别而异,这是一个很大程度上被忽视的异质性维度。我们还考虑到男性的带薪工作时间,作为积极养育子女和男性致力于养家糊口的时间的指标。社会对父亲作为提供者和父亲作为照顾者的相互矛盾的理解在定义“好父亲”时造成了模糊性。在实践中,父亲花在儿子身上的时间比花在女儿身上的时间多,这表明儿子的父亲不成比例地将“好父亲”理解为参与其中的父母,而女儿的父亲则将“好父亲”理解为财务提供者。如果是这样的话,与有儿子的父亲相比,有女儿的父亲将获得更多的父亲奖金和更长的工作时间。方法采用固定效应分析和1979年全国青年纵向调查的数据,作者考察了孩子性别对父亲收入和工作时间的影响。结果有女儿的父亲比有儿子的父亲获得更大的父亲福利。对于已婚男性来说,当父亲的好处最多,生女儿会增加带薪工作时间,而生儿子则会减少或保持工作时间不变。结论男性对“好父亲”的理解存在性别差异。
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引用次数: 0
Parenthood and Gendered Mental Health: The Role of Paid Work and Housework Time 父母身份与性别心理健康:有偿工作和家务时间的作用
IF 3.4 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.13121
Sandrine Metzger, Pablo Gracia

Objective

This study examines the role of changes in paid work and housework time on first-time mothers' and fathers' mental health trajectories.

Background

The transition into parenthood is a key life course event with important consequences for individuals' activity patterns and couples' division of labor. Yet, whether gendered shifts in paid and domestic work time are linked to men's and women's mental health during the transition to parenthood remains unclear.

Method

Using large-scale panel data from the Australian HILDA survey for men and women in different-sex couples (2002–2022; N = 5932), we apply a longitudinal mediation framework with fixed effects models to determine the extent to which mental health trajectories are affected by changes in paid work and housework hours across the first transition into parenthood, considering both individual and partner-relative contributions.

Results

Individual and partner-relative paid work hours are positively associated with mental health for both men and women, while individual housework hours negatively impact only women. Following parenthood, women experience substantial reductions in paid work and increases in housework hours, but men's time use stays unchanged. Accordingly, despite overall improvements in women's mental health trajectories, findings show that these parenthood-related changes in time allocations suppress some of the positive effects of childbearing for women, whereas men remain unaffected.

Conclusion

The transition to parenthood markedly reinforces gendered time use patterns in paid work and housework within couples, with disadvantageous shifts for women that result in small reductions in first-time mothers' mental health trajectories. The potential factors underlying these findings are discussed.

目的探讨带薪工作时间和家务劳动时间的变化对初为父母者心理健康轨迹的影响。为人父母的转变是一个重要的生命历程事件,对个人的活动模式和夫妻的分工有重要的影响。然而,薪酬和家务劳动时间的性别变化是否与男性和女性在过渡到为人父母期间的心理健康有关仍不清楚。方法采用澳大利亚HILDA调查(2002-2022;N = 5932),我们采用纵向中介框架和固定效应模型来确定在第一次过渡到为人父母的过程中,有偿工作和家务劳动时间的变化对心理健康轨迹的影响程度,同时考虑到个人和伴侣亲属的贡献。结果个人和伴侣的有偿工作时间与男性和女性的心理健康呈正相关,而个人家务劳动时间仅对女性有负相关。在为人父母之后,女性的有偿工作大幅减少,做家务的时间增加,但男性的时间使用保持不变。因此,尽管妇女的心理健康轨迹总体上有所改善,但研究结果表明,这些与生育有关的时间分配变化抑制了生育对妇女的一些积极影响,而对男子则不受影响。结论:为人父母的转变明显加强了夫妻在有偿工作和家务上的性别时间使用模式,对妇女不利的转变导致首次母亲的心理健康轨迹略有下降。讨论了这些发现背后的潜在因素。
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引用次数: 0
Parenthood in Europe: Not More Life Satisfaction, but More Meaning in Life 欧洲的为人父母:不是更多的生活满意度,而是更多的生活意义
IF 3.4 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.13116
Ansgar Hudde, Marita Jacob

Objective

This study contrasts the associations between parenthood and two central components of subjective well-being: life satisfaction and meaning in life.

Background

Theoretical arguments and previous research based on qualitative analyses suggest that parenthood might lower life satisfaction but increase meaning in life. This study provides the first test of this idea based on a large-scale, multicountry analysis, considering heterogeneity in the link between parenthood and well-being across sociodemographic groups and national contexts.

Methods

The data were sourced from the European Social Survey, with more than 43,000 respondents from 30 countries. Multilevel regression models tested the role of parenthood, proxied by the presence of children in the household, on life satisfaction and meaning in life, with separate analyses conducted for women and men. Additional analyses investigated heterogeneity across sociodemographic groups and country clusters.

Results

The link between parenthood and life satisfaction varied significantly by gender and context, tending to be more negative for parents facing more challenging conditions. Conversely, the analyses revealed a consistent positive link between parenthood and meaning in life for both women and men, regardless of social and national context.

Conclusion

Parenthood is linked to lower life satisfaction for some groups but to higher meaning in life across diverse populations. However, under certain conditions, such as the culture and policy context of the Nordic countries, parenthood is associated with both higher life satisfaction and meaning, two key components of a good life.

目的本研究对比了父母身份与主观幸福感的两个主要组成部分:生活满意度和生活意义之间的关系。理论争论和先前基于定性分析的研究表明,为人父母可能会降低生活满意度,但会增加生活的意义。这项研究基于大规模的多国分析对这一观点进行了首次检验,考虑了不同社会人口群体和国家背景下为人父母与幸福感之间联系的异质性。方法数据来源于欧洲社会调查,来自30个国家的43000多名受访者。多层回归模型测试了父母的作用,以家庭中孩子的存在为代表,对生活满意度和生活意义,并对女性和男性进行了单独的分析。其他分析调查了社会人口群体和国家集群之间的异质性。结果父母身份与生活满意度之间的关系因性别和环境而有显著差异,当父母面临更有挑战性的环境时,这种关系往往更消极。相反,分析显示,无论社会和国家背景如何,为人父母与男性和女性的生活意义之间都存在一致的积极联系。结论:为人父母与某些群体的生活满意度较低有关,但与不同人群的生活意义较高有关。然而,在某些条件下,如北欧国家的文化和政策背景下,为人父母与更高的生活满意度和意义有关,这是美好生活的两个关键组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
Relational Turbulence Among Retired Couples in Arab Society: An APIM Analysis 阿拉伯社会退休夫妇关系动荡:一个APIM分析
IF 3.4 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.13118
Reem Nashef-Hamuda, Roi Estlein, Yuval Palgi, Dikla Segel-Karpas

Objective

This study examined how relational uncertainty and partner interdependence predict marital satisfaction and intimacy among post-retirement Arab couples in Israel.

Background

Retirement has rarely been studied in Arab society, despite its growing relevance due to significant shifts in family roles, gender norms, and social structures. Understanding how couples navigate this life transition is critical, especially in conservative cultural contexts. The Relational Turbulence Model (RTM) offers a useful framework for exploring how uncertainty and interdependence affect relationship quality in later life.

Method

The sample included 108 retired heterosexual Arab couples (N = 216; husbands' age M = 70.31, wives' age M = 65.07; average marital duration = 43.58 years). Dyadic data were analyzed using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM). The study controlled for gender, religion, and financial status and focused on five relational turbulence variables: self-uncertainty, partner uncertainty, relationship uncertainty, interference, and facilitation.

Results

All five relational turbulence variables significantly predicted both marital satisfaction and intimacy. Strong partner effects were found, indicating that one's partner's uncertainty and interdependence significantly contributed to one's own relationship perceptions. No gender differences or moderating effects were observed.

Conclusion

Findings Extend RTM to Post-Retirement Couples Within Arab Society and Highlight the Dyadic Nature of Relational Turbulence in Later Life.

Implications

Results offer valuable insight for researchers and practitioners working with older couples in culturally traditional contexts undergoing social change.

目的本研究探讨关系不确定性和伴侣相互依赖如何预测以色列阿拉伯退休夫妇的婚姻满意度和亲密度。阿拉伯社会很少研究退休问题,尽管由于家庭角色、性别规范和社会结构的重大转变,退休问题越来越重要。了解夫妻如何度过这一人生转变是至关重要的,尤其是在保守的文化背景下。关系动荡模型(RTM)为探索不确定性和相互依赖如何影响晚年生活中的关系质量提供了一个有用的框架。方法选取108对退休的阿拉伯异性恋夫妇(N = 216对,丈夫年龄M = 70.31,妻子年龄M = 65.07,平均婚龄43.58年)。使用参与者-合作伙伴相互依赖模型(APIM)分析二元数据。该研究控制了性别、宗教和经济状况,并关注了五个关系动荡变量:自我不确定性、伴侣不确定性、关系不确定性、干扰和促进。结果5个关系动荡变量对婚姻满意度和亲密关系均有显著的预测作用。研究发现了强烈的伴侣效应,表明伴侣的不确定性和相互依赖性显著地影响了一个人对自己关系的感知。没有观察到性别差异或调节效应。结论研究结果将RTM扩展到阿拉伯社会的退休后夫妻,并突出了晚年关系动荡的二元性。结果为研究人员和从业人员在经历社会变革的文化传统背景下与老年夫妇一起工作提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Intimate Partner Violence: A Dyadic Examination of Self-Differentiation and Responsive Caregiving 亲密伴侣暴力:自我分化和反应性照顾的二元检验
IF 3.4 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.13120
Izhar Harani, Anat Ben-Porat

Objective

The focus of the current research was on the mutual contribution of spouses to intimate partner violence (IPV). Based on Bowen's family systems theory, which has received little attention in the field of domestic violence, we examined the associations between self-differentiation and IPV while considering the mediating role of responsive spousal caregiving in these associations.

Background

This study addresses a gap in the literature by applying Bowen's theory to examine the interplay between individual self-differentiation and responsive caregiving in the context of IPV perpetration.

Method

Participants comprised married couples who were drawn from both the general population (N = 84) and from agency services (N = 56) throughout Israel. Husbands and wives completed self-report measures of self-differentiation, responsive caregiving, physical assault, and psychological aggression. Variables were tested using the actor–partner interdependence model (APIM).

Results

Dyadic mediation analysis revealed mediation routes affecting both husbands' and wives' perpetration of physical assault and psychological aggression: The higher the husbands' self-differentiation, the higher their responsive caregiving which, in turn, was negatively linked to their wives' psychological aggression toward them. The analysis also revealed a mediating role for the wives' responsive caregiving: The higher the husbands' self-differentiation, the higher their wives' responsive caregiving which, in turn, was negatively linked to their own and their husbands' perpetration of physical assault and psychological aggression toward their spouses.

Conclusions

The study's findings show both spouses' interdependent contributions and each individual's level of self-differentiation in understanding the occurrence of IPV. They also point to the impact of sampling considerations and inclusion criteria in the context of IPV research. Finally, on the basis of the findings, interventions targeting IPV might benefit from addressing partners' relational patterns and the degree to which each partner can maintain a sense of self within the relationship.

目的探讨配偶对亲密伴侣暴力的相互作用。基于Bowen的家庭系统理论(该理论在家庭暴力领域很少受到关注),我们研究了自我分化与IPV之间的关系,同时考虑了响应性配偶照顾在这些关系中的中介作用。本研究通过运用Bowen的理论来研究IPV犯罪背景下个体自我分化与反应性照料之间的相互作用,从而弥补了文献中的空白。方法参与者包括来自以色列全国普通人群(N = 84)和机构服务(N = 56)的已婚夫妇。丈夫和妻子完成了自我分化、反应性照顾、身体攻击和心理攻击的自我报告测量。使用参与者-合作伙伴相互依赖模型(APIM)对变量进行了测试。结果二元中介分析揭示了影响夫妻人身攻击行为和心理攻击行为的中介路径:丈夫自我分化程度越高,其反应性照顾行为越高,反应性照顾行为与妻子的心理攻击行为呈负相关。分析还揭示了妻子的反应性照顾的中介作用:丈夫的自我分化越高,妻子的反应性照顾越高,而妻子的反应性照顾又与自己和丈夫对配偶的身体攻击和心理攻击负相关。研究结果表明,夫妻双方相互依赖的贡献和每个人在理解IPV发生方面的自我分化水平。他们还指出了抽样考虑和纳入标准在IPV研究背景下的影响。最后,在研究结果的基础上,针对IPV的干预可能会受益于解决伴侣的关系模式和每个伴侣在关系中保持自我意识的程度。
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引用次数: 0
Indian Wives of Incarcerated Men Tell Their Own Stories: An Intersectional Narrative Analysis of Disenfranchisement and Resilience 被监禁男子的印度妻子讲述她们自己的故事:剥夺公民权和恢复力的交叉叙事分析
IF 3.4 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.13119
Shivangi Gupta, Caroline Sanner

Objective

Guided by intersectional feminism and symbolic interactionism, the purpose of this study was to document the untold stories of women with incarcerated spouses in India.

Background

When a family member is incarcerated, the task of emotionally and financially supporting the family often falls upon women, who are likely to be underresourced and overwhelmed. Women whose husbands are incarcerated in India are likely to possess multiple marginalized identities, increasing their vulnerability to intersecting forms of oppression. Empirical research is lacking on wives of incarcerated men in India, contributing to their invisibility in policy-making and programmatic interventions.

Method

In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 wives of prison inmates who resided in or around the capital city of Delhi, all of whom either held a lower caste identity or a Muslim religious identity. Transcribed interviews were analyzed following the steps of narrative analysis.

Results

Results illustrate the diversity of storied experiences of wives of incarcerated husbands in India. Participants' narratives represented three types of stories: Ambivalent but Hanging On, Unconditionally Devoted, and Independent and Disillusioned. Four overarching themes characterized women's experiences with spousal incarceration: gendered care work, being stigmatized and sexualized, staying in the marriage, and ceilings of aspiration.

Conclusion

This study renders visible women on the margins of Indian society, illustrating how they make meaning of extraordinary life circumstances and persevere through dire hardship.

在交叉女权主义和象征互动主义的指导下,本研究的目的是记录印度配偶被监禁的女性不为人知的故事。当家庭成员被监禁时,在情感上和经济上支持家庭的任务往往落在妇女身上,她们可能资源不足,不堪重负。在印度,丈夫被监禁的女性很可能拥有多重边缘化身份,这增加了她们受到交叉形式压迫的脆弱性。印度缺乏对被监禁男子妻子的实证研究,导致她们在政策制定和方案干预中被忽视。方法对居住在首都德里或其周围的14名囚犯的妻子进行了深入的半结构化访谈,所有这些人都持有较低的种姓身份或穆斯林宗教身份。访谈记录按照叙事分析的步骤进行分析。结果表明,在印度,丈夫被监禁的妻子的故事经历的多样性。参与者的叙述代表了三种类型的故事:矛盾但坚持,无条件投入,独立和幻灭。女性被配偶监禁的经历有四个主要主题:性别化的照顾工作、被污名化和性别化、留在婚姻中、志向的天花板。这项研究呈现了印度社会边缘的女性,说明了她们如何在特殊的生活环境中创造意义,并在可怕的困难中坚持不懈。
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引用次数: 0
Roka Engagements and the Hybridization of Arranged and “Love” Marriage in Urban India 罗卡订婚与印度城市包办婚姻与“爱”婚姻的杂交。
IF 3.4 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.13115
Megan N. Reed

Objective

This study examines the role of roka marriage engagements in blurring the distinction between self-choice, also known as “love” marriage, and arranged marriage in urban India.

Background

Arranged marriage remains highly prevalent in India though recent research suggests that arranged marriages today increasingly incorporate elements of choice and compatibility. Previous research, however, has overlooked the important role of marriage engagements in this transformation. In North India, a roka ceremony often formalizes an arranged marriage match and marks the beginning of the engagement period.

Method

This study uses data from 48 interviews conducted in 2018 and 2019 with recently married couples, unmarried young people, and parents in the New Delhi area. All respondents were part of the college-educated middle class.

Results

Couples in arranged marriages were found to engage in courtship during their engagement, drawing on the scripts of romantic love and deviating from traditional practices that disallowed contact before the wedding. This courtship sometimes leads to a broken engagement. Roka engagements are also important, albeit for different aims, for couples in premarital romantic relationships. They often use the roka engagement to signal that they have obtained parental endorsement of their self-chosen match, an important step in avoiding social stigma and achieving the social legitimacy of their relationship.

Conclusions

The case of roka engagements reveals important ways in which the definition of arranged marriage has expanded to incorporate romantic love, emotional compatibility, and autonomy.

目的:本研究考察了印度城市中roka婚约在模糊自我选择(也称为“爱”婚姻)和包办婚姻之间的区别方面的作用。背景:包办婚姻在印度仍然非常普遍,尽管最近的研究表明,今天的包办婚姻越来越多地包含了选择和兼容的因素。然而,之前的研究忽略了婚姻订婚在这一转变中的重要作用。在印度北部,roka仪式通常是包办婚姻的正式仪式,标志着订婚期的开始。方法:本研究使用了2018年和2019年对新德里地区新婚夫妇、未婚年轻人和父母进行的48次访谈的数据。所有受访者都是受过大学教育的中产阶级。结果发现,包办婚姻的情侣在订婚期间就开始求爱,借鉴了浪漫爱情的脚本,偏离了传统的婚礼前不允许接触的习俗。这种求爱有时会导致婚约破裂。对于处于婚前恋爱关系中的情侣来说,Roka订婚也很重要,尽管目的不同。他们经常用roka订婚来表明他们已经得到了父母对他们自己选择的婚姻的认可,这是避免社会耻辱和实现他们的关系的社会合法性的重要一步。结论:罗卡订婚的案例揭示了包办婚姻的定义已经扩展到包括浪漫爱情、兼容性和自主性的重要方式。
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引用次数: 0
Caring for Parents/In-Laws and Cognitive Functioning of Adult Children in China 照顾父母/公婆与中国成年子女的认知功能
IF 3.4 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.13117
Zhiyong Lin, Haoshu Duan, Jianfeng He, Ying Huang

Objective

This study investigates the longitudinal association between caring for parents/in-laws and cognitive functioning among adult children in China. It also examines how this association is influenced by relationship type (own parents vs. in-laws), caregiving intensity, and the gender of the caregiver.

Background

While family caregiving is often seen as stressful and negatively impacting caregivers' health, recent evidence suggests that caregiving may improve health, particularly cognitive health, through cognitively stimulating activities that can help prevent cognitive decline. However, the cognitive health implications of caregiving, especially in non-Western contexts, remain underexplored.

Methods

Using data from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011, 2013, and 2018), this study includes 12,750 respondents and 24,076 person-year observations. Growth curve models were used to predict the cognitive functioning trajectories of adult children.

Results

Descriptive analyses showed that women were more likely to be caregivers, especially for parents-in-law, compared to men. Growth curve models indicated that caring for one's own parents was associated with better cognitive functioning compared to noncaregivers, whereas caring for parents-in-law alone had no significant effects. Both women and men benefited from caring for their own parents, although for women, the benefits were significant only at low/moderate caregiving intensity.

Conclusion

This study highlights the connection between caregiving and cognitive health, emphasizing the importance of considering caregiver–recipient relationship types. It advocates for gender-specific support and the development of long-term care policies that address these varied caregiving experiences.

目的探讨中国成年子女照顾父母/公婆与认知功能的纵向关系。它还研究了这种关联如何受到关系类型(亲生父母vs.姻亲)、照顾强度和照顾者性别的影响。虽然家庭照护通常被视为有压力并对照护者的健康产生负面影响,但最近的证据表明,照护可以通过有助于预防认知衰退的认知刺激活动改善健康,特别是认知健康。然而,护理对认知健康的影响,特别是在非西方环境下,仍然没有得到充分的探索。方法利用中国健康与退休纵向研究(CHARLS, 2011, 2013和2018)的三波数据,本研究包括12,750名受访者和24,076人年观察。生长曲线模型用于预测成年儿童的认知功能轨迹。结果描述性分析显示,与男性相比,女性更有可能成为照顾者,尤其是照顾公婆。成长曲线模型显示,与不照顾父母的人相比,照顾自己的父母与更好的认知功能相关,而单独照顾公婆没有显著影响。女性和男性都从照顾自己的父母中受益,尽管对女性来说,只有在低/中等照顾强度下,这种好处才显着。结论本研究强调了照顾与认知健康之间的联系,强调了考虑照顾者-接受者关系类型的重要性。它倡导针对性别的支持和制定长期护理政策,以解决这些不同的护理经验。
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引用次数: 0
Lifting the Veil: Exploring Premarital Hesitation and Engagement Dissolution Consideration 揭开面纱:探讨婚前犹豫和解除婚约的考虑
IF 3.4 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.13113
J. Kale Monk, Tyler Jamison, Matthew A. Ogan, Karen E. Talley, Dawson E. Boron, Jennifer L. Harper, Amber Haas, Lauren Huff

Objective

This study examines real-time narratives from online forum users to understand their experiences with premarital uncertainty and gain insight into the decision-making process around dissolving wedding engagements.

Background

Issues that lead to marital dissolution often emerge early in relationships, making the engagement period a critical phase to address concerns before the legal and emotional complexities of marriage arise. Informed by interdependence and relational turbulence theories, this study investigated how engaged individuals articulate their premarital uncertainties and potential dissolution considerations during the engagement period.

Methods

Using a grounded theory approach, we analyzed data from 36 Reddit posts about premarital hesitation, alongside 2213 associated comments, from 1535 unique individuals.

Results

Original posters (OPs) struggled with concerns about the future of their relationships while expressing ongoing feelings of love and commitment to their partners. Commenters validated OPs' concerns and encouraged them to visualize their future marriage.

Conclusion

We uncovered a premarital hesitation process characterized by emotional ambivalence, reappraisals of the past, and conjecture about the future. Using Reddit data revealed the complexities of stay/leave decisions and the potential role that outsiders can play in responding to relational uncertainty. This rich, naturally occurring dialogue offers rare insights into relationship dynamics that are often elusive in traditional research.

Implications

Premarital educators and clinicians should consider how couples may be seeking relationship advice in non-therapeutic spaces. Additionally, researchers could further leverage online forums to collect data from populations that are difficult to reach through conventional methods.

目的本研究通过在线论坛用户的实时叙述,了解他们对婚前不确定性的体验,并深入了解解除婚约的决策过程。导致婚姻破裂的问题往往出现在婚姻关系的早期,这使得订婚期成为解决婚姻中法律和情感复杂性问题的关键阶段。根据相互依赖和关系动荡理论,本研究调查了订婚个体在订婚期间如何表达他们婚前的不确定性和潜在的解散考虑。方法采用扎根理论的方法,我们分析了来自1535个不同个体的36个关于婚前犹豫的Reddit帖子以及2213条相关评论的数据。原创海报(OPs)在表达对伴侣持续的爱和承诺的同时,也在努力关注他们关系的未来。评论证实了OPs的担忧,并鼓励他们设想未来的婚姻。结论:我们发现了一个以情感矛盾、对过去的重新评价和对未来的猜测为特征的婚前犹豫过程。使用Reddit的数据揭示了留/离开决定的复杂性,以及外部人员在应对关系不确定性方面可以发挥的潜在作用。这种丰富的、自然发生的对话提供了对传统研究中难以捉摸的关系动态的罕见见解。启示婚前教育者和临床医生应该考虑夫妻如何在非治疗空间寻求关系建议。此外,研究人员可以进一步利用在线论坛,从难以通过传统方法接触到的人群中收集数据。
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引用次数: 0
How Do Parents Share Childcare That Interferes With Paid Work? Work Arrangements, Flexible Working, and Childcare 父母如何分担对工作的干扰?工作安排、弹性工作和儿童保育
IF 3.4 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.13112
Bernice Kuang, Brienna Perelli-Harris, Ann Berrington

Objective

This study examines how mothers and fathers divide childcare tasks that interfere with paid work and whether there is an association with patterns of work and access to work flexibility.

Background

Childcare encompasses a range of diverse tasks, yet is persistently gendered, with women doing more than men, regardless of work arrangements. Flexible working can exacerbate childcare inequalities among working couples, but less is known about how flexible working is associated with the gender division of childcare tasks that directly interfere with the workday.

Method

We used the UK Generations and Gender Survey (2022–23), a stratified national probability sample, to study heterosexual couples with children under the age of 12 (n = 1152). Using logistic regression, we analyze the gender division of specific childcare tasks and associations with work arrangements (i.e., dual earner, male/female breadwinner, and less than full-time work) and work flexibility (i.e., doing work from home and access to flexible hours).

Results

Childcare tasks that interfere with the workday (i.e., staying home with ill children, getting children dressed, dropping children off at school or childcare) are particularly gendered. Fathers working from home or having access to flexible hours were associated with a higher likelihood of equally sharing these tasks; the same relationship was not found for mothers.

Conclusion

Fathers' access to and use of flexible working may help to address one persistent form of gender inequality.

目的本研究探讨了母亲和父亲如何分配干扰有偿工作的育儿任务,以及是否与工作模式和工作灵活性有关。儿童保育包括一系列不同的任务,但始终存在性别差异,无论工作安排如何,女性都比男性做得更多。弹性工作制可能会加剧在职夫妇在照顾孩子方面的不平等,但人们对弹性工作制与直接干扰工作日的照顾孩子任务的性别分工之间的关系知之甚少。方法我们使用英国世代和性别调查(2022-23),一个分层的全国概率样本,研究有12岁以下孩子的异性恋夫妇(n = 1152)。使用逻辑回归,我们分析了具体儿童保育任务的性别分工,以及与工作安排(即双职工,男性/女性养家糊口,非全职工作)和工作灵活性(即在家工作和获得灵活时间)的联系。结果:干扰工作日的育儿任务(即在家照顾生病的孩子、给孩子穿衣服、送孩子上学或照顾孩子)尤其性别化。在家工作或拥有灵活工作时间的父亲更有可能平等分担这些任务;同样的关系在母亲身上没有发现。父亲获得和使用弹性工作制可能有助于解决一种持续存在的性别不平等形式。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Marriage and Family
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