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Rethinking maternal gatekeeping from a life-course perspective: A study of post-separation families 从生命历程的角度反思母亲把关:分居后家庭研究
IF 2.7 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12969
Benjamin Moles-Kalt, Núria Sánchez-Mira, Laura Bernardi

Objective

The article examines how maternal gatekeeping practices evolve in the post-separation trajectory and identifies the main relational and contextual factors shaping these processes over time.

Background

Studies of maternal gatekeeping have only recently begun to include post-separation families based on cross-sectional research designs. This article is theoretically grounded in a life-course and human agency framework, and it both offers a novel understanding of maternal gatekeeping as a dynamic process and examines its relational embeddedness.

Methods

The data stem from the prospective qualitative study “The multiple paths of lone parenthood,” which has been ongoing in Switzerland for over a decade and includes four waves of semistructured interviews with mothers who have experienced lone parenthood (N = 88 interviews).

Results

Most mothers reported active facilitation practices at the beginning of their trajectory, encouraging the father–child relationship. Subsequently, shifts toward hands-off or active gate-closing practices took place over time along with the evolution of relational circumstances, such as the father's involvement or children's autonomy, or by an accumulation of negative experiences.

Conclusion

The relationship with the nonresident father creates ongoing moral dilemmas for mothers over the post-separation trajectory. Indeed, these mothers must navigate social norms that emphasize the importance of ensuring father–child contact while safeguarding the child's well-being and ensuring that the father complies with visitation arrangements and alimony.

Implications

Professional support and legal regulations should consider the moral dilemmas experienced by mothers by establishing measures to relieve separated mothers of the need to take the initiative to obtain the father's compliance with their obligations.

文章探讨了母亲把关做法在分居后的轨迹中是如何演变的,并确定了随着时间推移影响这些过程的主要关系和背景因素。对母亲把关的研究最近才开始纳入基于横断面研究设计的分居后家庭。本文以生命历程和人类代理框架为理论基础,对作为动态过程的母亲把关提出了新的理解,并对其关系嵌入性进行了研究。数据来源于前瞻性定性研究 "单亲家庭的多重路径",该研究在瑞士已进行了十多年,包括对经历过单亲家庭的母亲进行的四波半结构式访谈(N = 88 次访谈)。随后,随着时间的推移,随着关系环境的演变,如父亲的参与或子女的自主性,或由于负面经验的积累,母亲们的做法逐渐转向放手或主动关闭大门。事实上,这些母亲必须驾驭社会规范,这些规范强调必须确保父亲与子女的接触,同时保障子女的福祉,并确保父亲遵守探视安排和赡养费。专业支持和法律规定应考虑到母亲所经历的道德困境,制定措施,使分居的母亲不必主动要求父亲履行其义务。
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引用次数: 0
Childlessness and sibling positioning in upward intergenerational support: Insights from Singapore 向上代际支持中的无子女和兄弟姐妹定位:新加坡的启示
IF 6 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12965
Dahye Kim, Christine Ho, Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan

Objective

This brief report aims to explore the role of childlessness and its interaction with sibling positioning (i.e., birth order and gender) in upward intergenerational support within the context of Asian familial and patrilineal values.

Background

Despite the increasing rates of childlessness in Asia, little is known about how childless individuals deviate from or adhere to the patrilineal gendered practices of supporting their older parents. Singapore, a rapidly aging nation that emphasises Confucian familism values and patrilineal practices in guiding its welfare policies, provides an ideal setting for this research investigation.

Method

We analysed a sample of 475 Singaporeans aged 50 and above with at least one living parent from a recent nationwide survey. We utilised multivariate regressions to examine the associations between childlessness and various types of upward intergenerational support, with further heterogeneity analyses based on sibling positioning.

Results

The traditional patrilineal pattern of first-born sons providing the most financial transfers to aging parents was found among non-childless individuals. In contrast, all childless individuals, regardless of their birth order and gender, played a significant role in providing intergenerational support, particularly in instrumental and associational support, as well as maintaining geographical proximity to their parents.

Conclusion

Childless individuals in Singapore were found to shoulder the primary responsibility for supporting parents, thus upholding the values of filial piety and familism. Results further suggest that the rising prevalence of childlessness may contribute to the erosion of patrilineal norms in upward intergenerational support in Asia.

本简要报告旨在探讨在亚洲家庭和父系价值观的背景下,无子女及其与兄弟姐妹定位(即出生顺序和性别)之间的相互作用在向上代际赡养中的作用。尽管亚洲的无子女率不断上升,但人们对无子女的个人如何偏离或遵守父系性别赡养年长父母的做法知之甚少。新加坡是一个迅速老龄化的国家,在指导其福利政策时强调儒家家庭主义价值观和父系习俗,这为本研究调查提供了一个理想的背景。我们分析了最近一次全国性调查中 475 名年龄在 50 岁及以上、至少有一位父母健在的新加坡人样本。我们利用多变量回归研究了无子女与各种向上代际支持之间的关联,并根据兄弟姐妹的定位进行了进一步的异质性分析。在非无子女的个人中,发现了长子为年迈父母提供最多经济转移的传统父系模式。相比之下,所有无子女的个人,无论其出生顺序和性别如何,都在提供代际支持方面发挥了重要作用,尤其是在工具性和关联性支持方面,以及在地理位置上与父母保持接近方面。研究结果进一步表明,无子女现象的日益普遍可能会削弱亚洲父系代际向上支持的规范。
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引用次数: 0
Racial/ethnic differences in living arrangements, distant relations, and later-life mental health 生活安排、远亲关系和晚年心理健康方面的种族/民族差异
IF 6 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12963
Jingwen Liu

Objective

This research investigates associations between living arrangements and older adults' depressive symptoms and whether these associations are moderated by extended family, friends, and neighborhoods for White, Black, and Hispanic older adults.

Background

The drastic marriage and kinship decline since the 1970s has raised growing concerns about aging alone in both the public and scholarship. This paper adopts critical race theory to examine the social convoy model which argues that distant networks will fill in to protect individuals from stressors in the absence of proximal relations.

Methods

This paper applies multilevel mixed-effects linear models to 2006–2018 waves of Health and Retirement Study (N = 44,304 obs., with 32,599 White, 7028 Black, and 4677 Hispanics).

Results

While married couples living alone have the best mental health among Whites, co-residing with both spouses/partners and children (the intergenerational coresidence) is associated with the lowest depressive symptoms for Black and Hispanic older adults. Moreover, strong social support from extended family and friends and a high level of neighborhood social cohesion can significantly mitigate increased depressive symptoms associated with living alone or with others only (people other than spouses/partners and children) for Whites, but not for Blacks and Hispanics.

Conclusion

This research challenges the paradigm that considers “married couples living alone” as a normalized family structure. It also emphasizes the “double plight” of Black and Hispanic older adults, who show both a disproportionate decline in family ties and a lack of supportive distant relations serving as buffer zones in the absence of spouses and children.

本研究调查了白人、黑人和西班牙裔老年人的生活安排与老年人抑郁症状之间的关系,以及这些关系是否会受到大家庭、朋友和邻里的调节。自 20 世纪 70 年代以来,婚姻和亲属关系急剧减少,这引起了公众和学术界对独居老人问题的日益关注。本文采用批判性种族理论来研究社会护航模型,该模型认为,在缺乏近亲关系的情况下,远亲网络会填补空缺,保护个人免受压力。本文将多层次混合效应线性模型应用于 2006-2018 年波次的健康与退休研究(N = 44,304 obs、在白人中,单独居住的已婚夫妇的心理健康状况最好,而与配偶/伴侣和子女共同居住(代际同住)的黑人和西班牙裔老年人的抑郁症状最低。此外,对于白人来说,来自大家庭和朋友的强大社会支持以及高水平的邻里社会凝聚力可以显著缓解与独居或仅与他人(配偶/伴侣和子女以外的人)同住相关的抑郁症状的增加,但对于黑人和西班牙裔来说则不然。这项研究还强调了黑人和西班牙裔老年人的 "双重困境",他们的家庭联系减少得不成比例,而且在没有配偶和子女的情况下,缺乏支持性的远亲作为缓冲区。
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引用次数: 0
Parental absence during childhood and intergenerational solidarity in adulthood in China 中国儿童时期的父母缺席与成年后的代际团结
IF 6 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12964
Lei Lei, Youngjin Chae

Objective

We aim to examine whether having been separated from parents during childhood influences multiple dimensions of intergenerational solidarity during adulthood.

Background

In developing countries, many children experience geographic separation from one or both parents due to parental out-migration. Previous research has examined the concurrent effects of parental migration on parent–child relationships, but little is known about the long-term implications of parental absence during childhood for intergenerational relationships in adulthood.

Method

Our study used data from the China Family Panel Studies (2010 and 2016) to examine the relationship between mothers' and fathers' absence during childhood and intergenerational solidarity during adulthood. The sample includes adult respondents aged 25–54 with a living mother or father in 2016, generating 8889 respondent-mother and 7159 respondent-father dyads. We estimated multilevel regression models predicting emotional, associational, and functional solidarity with the mother and the father during adulthood.

Results

For both mother and father, the parent's absence during childhood is negatively associated with children's closeness to and frequency of seeing the parent in adulthood. Parental absence during childhood has little impact on the economic and instrumental support of parents in adulthood. A longer duration of parental absence has a stronger detrimental impact on intergenerational solidarity than a shorter duration for both mother–child and father–child relationships. Moreover, one parent's absence during childhood can influence the child's relationship with the other parent during adulthood (a spillover effect).

Conclusion

Parents' absence during childhood has long-term implications for parent–child relationships during adulthood.

我们旨在研究童年时期与父母分离是否会影响成年后代际团结的多个维度。在发展中国家,由于父母向外移民,许多儿童与父母一方或双方在地理上分离。我们的研究使用了中国家庭面板研究(2010 年和 2016 年)的数据,考察了母亲和父亲在童年时期的缺席与成年后代际团结之间的关系。样本包括在 2016 年有母亲或父亲在世的 25-54 岁成年受访者,产生了 8889 个受访者-母亲和 7159 个受访者-父亲二元组。我们估计了预测成年后与母亲和父亲的情感、联系和功能团结的多层次回归模型。对于母亲和父亲而言,父母在童年时期的缺席与子女成年后与父母的亲密程度和见面频率呈负相关。父母在儿童时期的缺席对父母成年后的经济和工具性支持影响不大。对于母子关系和父子关系而言,父母缺席时间越长,对代际团结的不利影响就越大,而缺席时间越短,则影响越小。此外,父母一方在童年时期的缺席会影响子女成年后与父母另一方的关系(溢出效应)。
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引用次数: 0
“We'll make it work”: Navigating surveilled living arrangements after romantic partner incarceration "我们会成功的在恋爱伴侣入狱后,在受监视的生活安排中游刃有余
IF 6 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12962
Steven Schmidt, Kristin Turney, Angie Belén Monreal

Objective

We use the case of housing insecurity to examine how romantic partner incarceration results in increased and prolonged surveillance of women at home.

Background

Romantic partner incarceration prompts surveillance from the criminal legal system while simultaneously eroding women's finances, health, and family relationships. Less is known about how these symbiotic harms of romantic partner incarceration enable surveillance beyond the criminal legal system.

Method

We use longitudinal interviews with 35 (previously coresident) romantic partners of incarcerated men, showing how incarceration prompts unwanted moves for partners, how women manage housing insecurity following partner incarceration, and how they become embedded into living arrangements where they are monitored, evaluated, and controlled.

Results

We identify three primary findings. First, women experiencing housing insecurity after romantic partner incarceration relied heavily on their social ties (and, to a lesser extent, institutional housing providers) while enduring stressful and prolonged housing searches. Second, the homes that women move into expose them to increased surveillance. Women encounter domestic, caregiving, romantic, and financial surveillance. Romantic partner incarceration prompts large changes in surveillance among women who left independent homes, moderate changes in surveillance among women who left comparatively desirable doubled-up homes, and prolonged surveillance among nonmovers. Finally, women respond to surveillance by monitoring burdens on hosts and reframing stays in shared homes as temporary.

Conclusion

Taken together, these findings extend prior research on the symbiotic harms of romantic partner incarceration, how women attached to incarcerated men experience surveillance, and how doubled-up families sustain shared homes.

我们利用住房无保障的案例来研究恋爱伴侣入狱如何导致对女性家庭的监控增加和延长。恋爱伴侣入狱在促使刑事法律系统进行监控的同时,也侵蚀了女性的经济、健康和家庭关系。我们通过对 35 名被监禁男性的恋爱伴侣(之前是同居者)的纵向访谈,展示了监禁如何促使伴侣进行不受欢迎的搬迁,女性如何在伴侣被监禁后应对住房不安全问题,以及她们如何融入到生活安排中,并在其中受到监视、评估和控制。首先,经历过伴侣入狱后住房不安全问题的女性在经受紧张而漫长的住房搜寻过程中,在很大程度上依赖于她们的社会关系(其次是机构住房提供者)。其次,妇女搬入的住房使她们受到更多的监视。妇女会受到家庭、护理、恋爱和经济方面的监视。情侣入狱导致离开独立家庭的妇女受到的监视发生了巨大变化,离开相对理想的双人家庭的妇女受到的监视发生了适度变化,而未搬家的妇女则受到了长期监视。总之,这些研究结果扩展了之前关于恋爱伴侣入狱的共生伤害、与入狱男性相依为命的女性如何经历监视以及双人家庭如何维持共同家庭的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Innovative strategies for increasing sample size and diversity in family science research 增加家庭科学研究样本量和多样性的创新战略
IF 2.7 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12961
Hannah C. Williamson

To build a robust, replicable, and generalizable family science we must ensure that our research includes samples that are large enough that we can test effects reliably and are diverse enough to speak broadly to families' experiences. This can be challenging for family science researchers who focus on family processes because many of the features of high-quality family process research make the experience quite onerous for participants; often multiple family members must participate, and data is typically collected through intensive methods, such as video observation or daily diaries. These methodologies allow us to capture rich and detailed data about family processes, but can make it difficult to achieve a large and diverse sample. Fortunately, there are a number of promising methods already in use in family science, or currently being deployed in other related fields, that offer good prospects for family science researchers seeking to improve the samples used in their research by increasing sample size and/or diversity. This article highlights innovative methods that will be useful in overcoming some of the sampling challenges facing family science researchers, focusing on creative ways to use existing datasets, including secondary data analysis and integrative data analysis, and methods that can be deployed when collecting new data, including accessing alternative data sources such as digital trace data, collecting observational data remotely, methods for reaching underrepresented groups, and big-team science.

为了建立健全的、可复制的和可推广的家庭科学,我们必须确保我们的研究包括足够大的样本,以便我们能够可靠地测试效果,并且样本足够多样化,能够广泛地反映家庭的经历。这对于专注于家庭进程的家庭科学研究者来说可能具有挑战性,因为高质量家庭进程研究的许多特点使得参与者的经历相当繁重;通常必须有多个家庭成员参与,数据通常通过密集的方法收集,如视频观察或每日日记。这些方法使我们能够获取有关家庭进程的丰富而详细的数据,但也会使我们难以获得大量的、多样化的样本。幸运的是,有许多有前途的方法已经在家庭科学中使用,或目前正在其他相关领域使用,这些方法为家庭科学研究人员提供了良好的前景,使他们能够通过增加样本数量和/或多样性来改善其研究中使用的样本。本文重点介绍了有助于克服家庭科学研究人员所面临的一些抽样挑战的创新方法,重点是使用现有数据集的创造性方法,包括二次数据分析和综合数据分析,以及在收集新数据时可以采用的方法,包括获取替代数据源(如数字追踪数据)、远程收集观察数据、接触代表性不足群体的方法以及大团队科学。
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引用次数: 0
Measurement opportunities for studying sexual and gender diverse partnerships in population-based surveys 在基于人口的调查中研究性伙伴关系和不同性别伙伴关系的测量机会
IF 2.7 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12957
Christopher A. Julian, Wendy D. Manning, Claire M. Kamp Dush

Objective

This article outlines for family scholars and researchers designing surveys or searching for data on sexual and gender-diverse (SGD) families the latest methodological advancements in United States population-based surveys for studying SGD partnerships by reviewing five recently collected, publicly available, population-representative data sets.

Background

LGBTQIA+ adults and SGD partnerships are an expanding demographic group in the United States. Yet, measurement limitations have restricted studies of these partnerships that use population-based studies. To address this issue, researchers designing population-representative data collections have adopted new strategies to measure SGD partnerships accurately. However, most population representative surveys continue to lack data on growing segments of the LGBTQIA+ population by relying solely on the sex of partners or limited sexual and gender identity measures.

Conclusion

We recommend expanding population-based surveys to incorporate inclusive measures of sexual and gender identity, directly asking about the gender composition of a couple and measurement of cohabiting and other nonmarital relationships. These approaches are especially important for understanding relationships among younger populations who do not follow heteronormative relationship trajectories and hold diverse gender and sexual identities.

Implications

Although the research opportunities on SGD individuals and partnerships are expanding; researchers must remain mindful of the limitations of current data sets and advocate for updates to the United States population data infrastructure.

本文通过回顾最近收集的五组公开可用的、具有人口代表性的数据,为家庭学者和研究人员设计调查或搜索有关性与性别多样化(SGD)家庭的数据,概述了美国基于人口的调查在研究 SGD 伴侣关系方面的最新方法进展。LGBTQIA+ 成年人和 SGD 伙伴关系是美国一个不断扩大的人口群体。然而,测量方面的局限性限制了对这些伙伴关系进行基于人群的研究。为解决这一问题,研究人员在设计具有人口代表性的数据收集时采用了新的策略,以准确测量 SGD 伴侣关系。我们建议扩大基于人口的调查,纳入包容性的性和性别认同测量,直接询问伴侣的性别构成,并测量同居和其他非婚姻关系。尽管有关 SGD 个人和伴侣关系的研究机会正在不断扩大,但研究人员必须始终牢记当前数据集的局限性,并倡导对美国人口数据基础设施进行更新。
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引用次数: 0
Support matters: How formal and informal institutions shape young Indians' work-family preferences 支持很重要:正规和非正规机构如何影响印度年轻人的工作与家庭偏好
IF 6 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12958
Ieva Zumbyte

Objective

This study examines the extent to which young people's future employment preferences in India are influenced concurrently by formal workplace policies and informal caregivers' support.

Background

Scholars have focused on how young individuals' work-family ideals are shaped by workplace institutions to better understand the persistence of gender inequalities in the labor market. Yet the literature on work-family policy examines primarily the effects of formal policies, overlooking the role of informal caregivers. Consequently, we know little about the relative influence of formal and informal support on young individuals' work-family preferences and why one system may be preferred over another.

Method

The study used an original survey-experimental data from an online sample of young, highly educated and unmarried respondents in India (N = 482) to assess their employment preferences when they have a family and a young child, while conditioning them to formal and informal work-family support. Logistic regressions examined the relationship between different support types and respondents' employment preferences.

Results

When not conditioned to any support, most women preferred part-time and most men preferred full-time employment. Women were twice as likely to prefer full-time employment with informal support compared to formal support, but men's preferences were not sensitive to either type of support.

Conclusion

The effectiveness of work-family policies in challenging gendered behaviors depends on the credibility of formal as opposed to informal institutions.

本研究探讨了印度年轻人的未来就业偏好在多大程度上同时受到正规工作场所政策和非正规照顾者支持的影响。学者们关注工作场所制度如何影响年轻人的工作-家庭理想,以更好地理解劳动力市场中持续存在的性别不平等现象。然而,有关工作-家庭政策的文献主要研究正式政策的影响,而忽视了非正式照顾者的作用。因此,我们对正规和非正规支持对年轻人工作-家庭偏好的相对影响,以及为什么一种制度可能比另一种制度更受青睐知之甚少。本研究使用了一项原创调查--来自印度年轻、受过高等教育且未婚受访者在线样本(N = 482)的实验数据,以评估他们在有家庭和年幼子女时的就业偏好,同时将其与正规和非正规工作-家庭支持挂钩。逻辑回归分析了不同支持类型与受访者就业偏好之间的关系。当不考虑任何支持条件时,大多数女性偏好兼职工作,而大多数男性偏好全职工作。与正式支持相比,女性倾向于在非正式支持下从事全职工作的可能性是后者的两倍,但男性的偏好对这两种支持都不敏感。
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引用次数: 0
State-level safety net spending and educational gaps in maternal time with children 州一级安全网支出与母亲陪伴子女时间的教育差距
IF 6 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12960
Margot Jackson, Haoming Song, Ariel Kalil

Objective

We examine how state spending on children is associated with the size of socioeconomic gaps in maternal childcare time.

Background

Persistent socioeconomic divides in the amount and nature of parental time with children have prompted consideration of the factors that mitigate inequalities within the family. At both the national and local levels, the welfare state plays an important role in structuring opportunities for children. Thus, it is important to understand the institutional factors that shape parental behavior. Yet, little research examines how the social safety net is associated with family processes.

Method

Using rich data on maternal time with children from the American Time Use Surveys (2003–2016), combined with longitudinal data on public spending in states on major programs affecting children and families, we examine how state spending on children is associated with the size of socioeconomic gaps in maternal childcare time.

Results

We found that higher levels of state spending were associated with significant increases in childcare time among low-educated mothers at both the extensive and intensive margin, increasing the likelihood of spending any minutes on primary childcare in a typical day, as well as increasing the number of minutes spent on childcare. In contrast, we observed no variation in the behavior of highly educated mothers as state spending changes.

Implications

State-level investments could meaningfully narrow socioeconomic gaps in maternal time with children.

目的 我们研究了国家在儿童方面的支出与母亲育儿时间的社会经济差距大小之间的关系。 背景 父母与子女相处时间的数量和性质方面持续存在的社会经济差距,促使人们考虑缓解家庭内部不平等现象的因素。在国家和地方层面,福利国家在为儿童创造机会方面发挥着重要作用。因此,了解影响父母行为的制度因素非常重要。然而,很少有研究探讨社会安全网如何与家庭进程相关联。 方法 我们利用《美国时间利用调查》(2003-2016 年)中有关母亲育儿时间的丰富数据,结合各州在影响儿童和家庭的主要项目上的公共支出的纵向数据,研究了各州在儿童方面的支出与母亲育儿时间的社会经济差距大小之间的关系。 结果 我们发现,州政府支出水平越高,低学历母亲的育儿时间在广度和深度边际上都会显著增加,从而增加了她们在一天中花在初级育儿上的时间的可能性,并增加了她们花在育儿上的时间。相比之下,我们观察到受过高等教育的母亲的行为没有随着州政府支出的变化而变化。 启示 州一级的投资可以有效地缩小母亲与子女在时间上的社会经济差距。
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引用次数: 0
Using experiments to study families and intimate relationships 利用实验研究家庭和亲密关系
IF 2.7 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12959
Long Doan, Natasha Quadlin, Katharine Khanna

Social scientists increasingly are using experiments to examine causal processes and mechanisms in their research. Yet, experiments work much better for some research aims than others. Some goals that are of great interest to family scholars, such as testing theoretical arguments, are well-suited to experimental approaches; other goals, such as documenting real-world experiences, may be best served by another research design. Our aim in this article is to discuss the power and limits of experimental methods for the study of family, with an emphasis on describing the types of topics and approaches that work best in an experimental framework. We begin by briefly reviewing the current state of the literature and the types of experiments that are commonly used to study families and intimate relationships. We discuss recent examples and “best practices” to illustrate the potential strengths of experiments for the study of family. After walking through an in-depth example of an experimental research design, we describe some unresolved theoretical puzzles in the family literature from the previous mid-decade review that seem ripe for experimental study. In doing so, we demonstrate that experiments, when used appropriately, can provide powerful evidence of causal mechanisms that resonate with scholarly audiences and the public.

社会科学家在研究中越来越多地使用实验来检验因果过程和机制。然而,实验对某些研究目标的效果要比对其他目标的效果好得多。家庭学者非常感兴趣的一些目标,如检验理论论据,非常适合采用实验方法;而另一些目标,如记录真实世界的经验,可能最好采用另一种研究设计。本文旨在讨论实验方法在家庭研究中的作用和局限,重点描述在实验框架下最有效的课题和方法类型。首先,我们简要回顾了目前的文献现状以及常用于研究家庭和亲密关系的实验类型。我们将讨论近期的实例和 "最佳实践",以说明实验在家庭研究中的潜在优势。在通过一个深入的实验研究设计实例之后,我们描述了上一个十年中期回顾中家庭文献中一些尚未解决的理论难题,这些难题似乎已经成熟,可以进行实验研究。在此过程中,我们证明,如果使用得当,实验可以提供有力的因果机制证据,引起学术界和公众的共鸣。
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Journal of Marriage and Family
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