American Psychologist最新文献

The International Humanitarian Award recognizes extraordinary humanitarian services and activism by psychologists, including professional and volunteer work conducted primarily in the field with underserved populations. The 2025 award winner is María Sol Yáñez de la Cruz. Yáñez de la Cruz has dedicated her career to providing psychosocial expertise to address human rights violations. She advanced the application of psychology in the fight for justice and equity and has ensured the continuity of Ignacio Martin-Barós legacy of developing an ethically responsible social psychology for Latin America. For over 23 years María Sol Yáñez de la Cruz has been a prolific academician. She also created community interventions for use in El Salvador and internationally, which have led to frequent citations to her work in rulings of the Inter-American Court of Human rights, for example, in the El Mozote (massacre) and Contreras (forced disappearances) cases in El Salvador, the La Oroya (environmental injustice) case in Peru, and the Mosquitia Divers (indigenous rights) case in Honduras. She published extensively both in Spanish and English, and as a testament to her success as an advocate, in 2013, the Salvadoran Ministry of Health requested that she write a book to provide guidance to social and health professionals who work with victims of human rights abuses: Opened Wounds: Psychosocial Services to the Victims of Human Rights Violations. María Sol Yáñez de la Cruz's psychosocial interventions have positively impacted the lives of many. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Human social cognition has evolved in the "we mode," a uniquely human capacity to form shared intentions and collaborate as unified agents. This collective intentionality, rooted in embodied mechanisms such as synchronized behavior, joint attention, interbrain coupling, and emotional attunement, has enabled the open-ended creativity and adaptability that define human culture. However, the rise of social media and artificial intelligence is reshaping these foundational dynamics. This article identifies a dual threat posed by the emergence of a "digital we." First, algorithmically mediated digital communication erodes embodied social cues and reinforces homophily, weakening the neurobiological scaffolding that sustains we mode cognition. Second, the increasing reliance on generative AI in communication and creative domains risks reducing novelty and fostering convergence, thereby narrowing the scope of cultural innovation. These developments are situated within the broader "comfort-growth paradox," the tension between technological systems designed for intuitive, predictable user experiences and the human need for cognitive challenge, ambiguity, and developmental tension. While comfort-driven design maximizes engagement, it may suppress the very dissonance necessary for creativity and growth. As a result, the "digital we" risks cultivating passive familiarity at the expense of dialogical tension and pluralistic meaning-making. To counter this trajectory, the article argues for reimagining digital technologies not as replacements for human connection but as extensions of it. Prioritizing design that fosters discovery, exploration, and critical intersubjectivity is essential for preserving the open-ended, transformative potential of human culture in an age of digital mediation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Clinical neuroscience seeks reliable biomarkers for psychiatric diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, but translation has stalled because replication is inconsistent, theory is incomplete, and links to psychological processes are unclear. These shortcomings largely stem from inadequate attention to psychometric principles. This review focuses on event-related potentials and shows how assessment of reliability and validity, as well as optimization and standardization, can support the development of actionable biomarkers. Biomarker development can falter when measures are adapted from basic research protocols that emphasize within-person contrasts and minimize between-person variance, a strategy poorly suited to examining individual differences. Many biomarkers show poor internal and test-retest reliability when used to distinguish individuals or predict clinical outcomes, especially in patient populations in which data are more variable. Furthermore, the validity of any biological measure depends on well-articulated causal models linking brain activity to psychological phenomena. A roadmap, guided by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the National Institutes of Health Biomarkers, EndpointS, and other Tools resource, aligns psychometric work with analytic validation, clinical validation, and context-of-use qualification. This framework is illustrated with the error-related negativity (ERN), an event-related potential that has progressed from basic cognitive research to a prognostic biomarker for anxiety. Priorities for ERN development include meeting high reliability thresholds, optimizing tasks and pipelines for clinical samples, and harmonizing acquisition and analysis to support cross-site generalization. Although the focus of the review is on ERN, the principles apply broadly to all biological measures. The proposed process for guiding biomarker evaluation through psychometrics will pave the way for better selection of biomarkers, ultimately improving their clinical utility in precision medicine. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

The Awards for Distinguished Scientific Contributions are presented to persons who, in the opinion of the Committee on Scientific Awards, have made distinguished theoretical or empirical contributions to basic research in psychology. The 2025 recipients of the APA Distinguished Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2024 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2024 Committee on Scientific Awards. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Given the importance of high-quality romantic relationships for health and well-being, researchers have spent decades examining factors that promote them. In doing so, they have identified factors that influence the formation and maintenance of relationships on average, in the moment, and for certain populations. However, making more targeted predictions for particular groups of people or even specific couples-with a meaningful degree of accuracy-remains challenging. We argue that the field is now at a pivotal moment, as technological advances are transforming what is possible. Drawing an analogy to weather forecasting, we suggest that relationship scientists can now gather the kind of data that would be necessary to try to truly map and model relationships as dynamic, complex systems and possibly even "forecast" relationship outcomes. In Part I, we consider the types of data needed to build these targeted predictive models, including dyadic data across timescales (micromoments to lifespans) that are embedded within contexts. We also highlight the need to incorporate heterogeneity in both data collection and analyses. In Part II, we posit that building these models will require the field to embrace interdisciplinary collaborations, leverage tools such as smartphones and artificial intelligence, and reevaluate long-standing assumptions about romantic relationships. While we cannot say with certainty whether more accurate, targeted relationship forecasts are possible, we believe that pursuing them is a worthwhile scientific venture-one that will help direct the field of relationship science regardless of what we find. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

This award is given to a psychologist whose research has led to important discoveries or developments in the field of applied psychology. The 2025 award winner is Karen Chan Osilla. Osilla has made a significant impact on public health through her innovative research on interventions targeting substance use disorders and their far-reaching effects on individuals and their families. Her work underscores the critical need to integrate family members-whether biological, extended, or chosen-into substance use treatment, empowering them to support their loved ones effectively. Most recently, she has also sought to understand the specific grief experiences of family members who have lost a loved one to a drug overdose, aiming to gain insights into their unique challenges and needs during this difficult time. Currently, she is leading clinical trials that investigate the impact of family engagement in outpatient opioid treatment programs (INtegrating Support Persons Into REcovery), as well as initiatives providing peer grief support to families following drug overdose deaths (Healing Together). Additionally, she is conducting web-based intervention studies aimed at supporting romantic partners concerned about their loved ones' drinking behaviors (Partners Connect and UPLIFT). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

This award is intended to recognize outstanding practitioners in psychology. Nominations are considered for psychologists working in a wide variety of institutional practice settings (e.g., schools, military, state hospital, Department of Veterans Affairs). Services provided to diverse client groups or patient populations, including but not limited to children/ adolescents/adults/older adults, urban/rural/frontier populations, minority populations, and persons with serious mental illness, are considered. Contributions are judged distinguished by virtue of peer recognition, advancement of the public's recognition of psychology as a profession, relevant professional association honors, or other meritorious accomplishments denoting excellence as a practitioner, including improvement of institutional service delivery systems or development of psychologically informed public policy. The 2025 recipients of the APA Distinguished Professional Contributions Awards were selected by the 2024 Board of Professional Affairs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

The Early Career Awards, given for the first time in 1974, recognize the large number of excellent early career psychologists. Recipients of this award may not have held a doctoral degree for more than nine years. The 2025 recipients of the APA Distinguished Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2024 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2024 Committee on Scientific Awards. For her early career contributions at the intersection of memory and perception, where she has creatively wielded computational cognitive neuroscience techniques to advance the field, Wilma A. Bainbridge is a 2025 award winner. Bainbridge's discovery that some stimuli are reliably more memorable than others has helped usher a new stimulus-centered agenda to memory research. She also has pioneered sophisticated ways to quantify the subjective contents of visual memory, allowing new kinds of research questions. Her research develops 'big data' stimulus sets and deep learning networks, and by freely sharing materials and tutorials she has championed open science practices. Her early career productivity and collaborative spirit are an inspiration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

This award is intended to recognize outstanding practitioners in psychology. Brigitte Khoury is an exceptional clinical psychologist, educator, and advocate whose contributions to the field of psychology and institutional practice have left a lasting impact on individuals, communities, and the profession as a whole. As the founding director of the Clinical Psychology Training Program at the American University of Beirut (AUB) and the Director of the Arab Regional Center for Research, Training, and Policy Making in Mental Health, Khoury has played a transformative role in shaping the next generation of psychologists. Her work focuses on advancing psychological well-being, particularly in the areas of sexuality and reproductive health, refugee mental health, and international comparative psychology. Khoury's service in the Title IX Office further exemplifies her dedication to institutional practice. As an investigator and counselor for victims of sexual harassment, she has applied her clinical expertise to contribute to fair and sensitive investigations while also providing support to survivors. Her trauma-informed approach has fostered a safer institutional environment. Khoury's role within the American Psychological Association, the Arab Union of Psychological Science, and the World Federation for Mental Health highlight her global influence. Khoury's exceptional contributions make her a deserving recipient of the APA Award for Distinguished Professional Contributions to Institutional Practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

The Early Career Awards, given for the first time in 1974, recognize the large number of excellent early career psychologists. Recipients of this award may not have held a doctoral degree for more than nine years. The 2025 recipients of the APA Distinguished Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2024 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2024 Committee on Scientific Awards. For groundbreaking contributions to psychophysiology and the study of individual differences, Peter E. Clayson is a 2025 award winner. Clayson is transforming the field by ensuring psychophysiological research is firmly grounded in rigorous psychometric principles. His pioneering work on the reliability of event-related brain potentials has set new standards for evaluating individual differences, optimizing paradigms, and improving the clinical utility of biomarkers. Through widely used open-source software, methodological innovations, and advocacy for open science, he has enhanced the transparency, reproducibility, and rigor of psychological research. His visionary approach and commitment to methodological excellence have profoundly influenced the future of psychological and clinical science. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).