Computers in Human Behavior最新文献_第3页

Construct validity and applicant reactions of a gamified personality assessment 游戏化人格测评的结构效度和申请人反应

IF 9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Computers in Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2024.108467

Ioannis Nikolaou, Athena Katsadoraki

This study introduces the HEXACO-RUSH, a gamified version of the HEXACO Situational Judgment Test developed by Oostrom and her colleagues (2019). HEXACO-RUSH is a new fantasy-adventure, narrative game, where the player makes a series of decisions in a similar format like a situational judgment test. We first present evidence on the construct validity (N = 240) of the game in relation to an existing traditional personality assessment (HEXACO-60), and in a second study (N = 160), we explore perceptions towards the game using a repeated measures, within-samples research design, again compared to HEXACO-60, with a sample of participants who assumed the role of a job applicant. Our results provided preliminary support for a moderate alignment between the new game and the HEXACO model, with average correlations of .43 across the six dimensions. It also exhibited positive participants' reactions, compared to HEXACO-60, although these were moderated by previous video-gaming experience (but not age). Overall, this study provides some initial evidence for an alternative assessment of the six personality factors with improved participants’ reactions and higher resistance to faking, but further research is required to confirm its test re-test reliability and criterion-related validity, with larger employee or applicant samples.

本研究介绍了HEXACO-RUSH，这是Oostrom及其同事（2019年）开发的HEXACO情境判断测试的游戏化版本。HEXACO-RUSH是一款全新的奇幻冒险叙事游戏，玩家在游戏中以类似情境判断测试的形式做出一系列决定。在第二项研究（N = 160）中，我们采用重复测量、样本内研究设计，再次与 HEXACO-60 进行比较，探讨了对游戏的看法。我们的结果初步证明了新游戏与 HEXACO 模型之间的适度一致性，六个维度的平均相关系数为 0.43。与 HEXACO-60 相比，新游戏还显示出参与者的积极反应，尽管这些反应会受到以往视频游戏经验（而非年龄）的影响。总之，本研究为六种人格因素的替代评估提供了一些初步证据，可以改善参与者的反应，提高对造假的抵制能力，但还需要进一步的研究来证实其测试重测的可靠性和标准相关的有效性，并需要更多的员工或申请者样本。

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引用次数: 0

Discovery of cybervictimization-associated factors among adolescents: Using machine learning and network analysis 发现青少年网络受害的相关因素：利用机器学习和网络分析

IF 9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Computers in Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2024.108469

Wenwu Dai , Hongxia Wang , Zhihui Yang

The issue of cybervictimization among adolescents is escalating, presenting a significant public concern. Recent research has turned to use a more robust method, machine learning, to explore important predictors for adolescent cybervictimization. The current study tested an extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) machine learning algorithm to detect cybervictimization-associated factors among adolescents and used network analysis to explore associations between these factors for future targeted interventions. By combining a 6-month longitudinal design, a total of 1181 Chinese adolescents (the average age was 15.78 ± 1.67 years, 55.9% girls) participated in the study. The XGBoost model with satisfactory performance selected the top 10 features from 22 variables associated with cybervictimization by using SHAP value. The network analysis results indicated that maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategy is a central node and it has positive correlations with negative self-schema and depression. The XGBoost model and network analysis were useful methods for discovering and understanding cybervictimization-related factors among adolescents. Moreover, these essential factors could offer insights into future interventions for cybervictimization.

青少年网络受害问题日益严重，引起了公众的极大关注。最近的研究转而使用一种更稳健的方法--机器学习，来探索青少年网络受害的重要预测因素。目前的研究测试了一种极端梯度提升（XGBoost）机器学习算法，以检测青少年网络受害的相关因素，并使用网络分析来探索这些因素之间的关联，以便未来采取有针对性的干预措施。本研究采用为期6个月的纵向设计，共有1181名中国青少年（平均年龄为（15.78±1.67）岁，55.9%为女生）参与研究。通过使用 SHAP 值，性能令人满意的 XGBoost 模型从 22 个与网络暴力相关的变量中选出了前 10 个特征。网络分析结果表明，适应不良的认知情绪调节策略是一个中心节点，它与负性自我模式和抑郁呈正相关。XGBoost模型和网络分析是发现和了解青少年网络受害相关因素的有用方法。此外，这些重要因素还能为未来网络受害干预提供启示。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to ‘AI or human: How endorser shapes online purchase intention? [Computers in Human Behavior 158 (2024) 108300] 人工智能还是人类：代言人如何影响网购意向？[计算机在人类行为中的应用 158 (2024) 108300]

IF 9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Computers in Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2024.108446

Yang Song , Litong Wang , Zhiyuan Zhang , Lubica Hikkerova

引用次数: 0

Unveiling digital mirrors: Decoding gendered body poses in instagram imagery 揭开数字镜子的面纱解码 instagram 图像中的性别身体姿势

IF 9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Computers in Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2024.108464

Dorian Tsolak , Simon Kühne

Social media platforms have had a significant impact on people's everyday lives worldwide and imagery on social media has become a vital means of practicing views of the self and communicating them to others. Albeit a significant proportion of people frequently upload self-representations on social media, this source of information on individuals, groups, and societies remains under-examined within the social sciences and neighboring disciplines. In our study, we focus on gender-stereotypical body-posing in self-portraits on social media. While sociology has examined gender stereotypes for decades, research lacks empirical evidence on representations in digital contexts as well as novel forms of stereotyping. We present a scalable and transferable methodology for analyzing body poses in images by combining neural network pose detection with an unsupervised learning approach and applying this methodology to data from the social media platform Instagram. Based on a clustering algorithm applied to gender-annotated imagery, we identify 150 body posing clusters. Our results reveal significant gender differences in 20 percent of clusters, many of which represent gender-stereotypical body poses addressed in sociological literature. Moreover, we can identify new stereotypical poses related to smartphone technology and social media trends. This study represents a novel approach to utilizing large-scale image data for social science research and contributes to a better understanding of the consolidation and reproduction of gender stereotypes in digital realms.

社交媒体平台对全世界人们的日常生活产生了重大影响，社交媒体上的图像已成为人们实践自我观点并向他人传达的重要手段。尽管有相当一部分人经常在社交媒体上上传自我展示，但社会科学及相关学科对这一有关个人、群体和社会的信息来源的研究仍然不足。在我们的研究中，我们关注的是社交媒体上自拍照中的性别陈规定型身体姿势。虽然社会学对性别刻板印象的研究已有数十年历史，但对于数字环境中的表现形式以及新形式的刻板印象，研究还缺乏实证证据。我们将神经网络姿势检测与无监督学习方法相结合，并将该方法应用于社交媒体平台 Instagram 的数据，从而提出了一种可扩展、可转移的方法来分析图像中的身体姿势。基于应用于性别注释图像的聚类算法，我们识别出了 150 个人体姿势聚类。我们的结果显示，20% 的聚类存在明显的性别差异，其中许多聚类代表了社会学文献中提到的性别刻板身体姿势。此外，我们还能识别出与智能手机技术和社交媒体趋势相关的新的刻板姿势。这项研究代表了一种利用大规模图像数据进行社会科学研究的新方法，有助于更好地理解性别刻板印象在数字领域的巩固和复制。

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引用次数: 0

Technological optimism surpasses fear of missing out: A multigroup analysis of presumed media influence on generative AI technology adoption across varying levels of technological optimism 技术乐观主义超越了对错过的恐惧：对不同技术乐观程度的媒体对采用人工智能生成技术的假定影响的多组分析

IF 9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Computers in Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2024.108466

Xiaodong Yang , Bing Song , Liang Chen , Shirley S. Ho , Jin Sun

Drawing upon the influence of presumed media influence (IPMI) model, this study investigates indirect media effects on individuals' intentions to adopt generative AI technology, with a further examination of how variations in technological optimism impact the relationships within the IPMI model. Findings from a national survey of 1061 respondents confirmed the existence of presumed media influence in the context of generative AI technology, as individuals’ attention to generative AI technology related media content influenced their presumptions about how others use it, subsequently affecting their adoption intentions through social norm perception, attitude change, and the fear of missing out. Furthermore, a multigroup comparison uncovers divergent presumed media effects on generative AI technology adoption between subgroups characterized by their differing levels of technological optimism, in which high technological optimism was found to trump fear of missing out in driving its adoption.

本研究借鉴假定媒体影响（IPMI）模型，调查了媒体对个人采用生成式人工智能技术意向的间接影响，并进一步研究了技术乐观程度的变化如何影响 IPMI 模型中的关系。一项针对 1061 名受访者的全国性调查结果表明，在生成式人工智能技术的背景下存在着假定的媒体影响，因为个人对生成式人工智能技术相关媒体内容的关注影响了他们对他人如何使用该技术的假定，进而通过社会规范认知、态度转变和害怕错过等因素影响了他们的采用意愿。此外，通过多组比较发现，在技术乐观程度不同的亚组之间，假定的媒体对采用人工智能技术的影响是不同的，其中发现技术乐观程度高的亚组在推动采用人工智能技术方面胜过害怕错过的亚组。

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引用次数: 0

Frustrated cyber-abuser: Narcissistic traits in the context of the basic psychological needs and cyber dating abuse 沮丧的网络施虐者基本心理需求和网恋虐待背景下的自恋特征

IF 9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Computers in Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2024.108465

Michaela Valachová, Elena Lisá

It is important to identify significant psychological predictors of cyber dating abuse because their knowledge may be valuable to researchers, practitioners, and the general public. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of two narcissistic traits, vulnerability and grandiosity, on the perpetration of cyber dating abuse. We examined whether basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness mediate this effect. The study sample consisted of 300 working adults (48.66% men; mean = 39.49 years). Participants completed the Vulnerable Narcissism Scale, the Narcissistic Grandiosity Scale, the Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire, and the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale. Path analysis models indicated that both types of narcissism significantly predicted cyber dating abuse. The need for competence partially mediated the effect of narcissistic grandiosity on cyber dating abuse. Competence frustration partially mediated the effect of narcissistic grandiosity on cyber dating abuse (b = .013; p = .019). Competence satisfaction partially mediated the effect of narcissistic grandiosity on cyber dating abuse (b = .021; p = .017). There was no significant effect of basic psychological needs on the relationship between vulnerable narcissism and cyber dating abuse. Adults with higher levels of narcissistic grandiosity may be protected from cyber dating abuse by the need for competence. Future research could examine the effect of the intervention program (e.g., basic psychological needs affirmation) on cyber dating abuse.

确定网络约会虐待的重要心理预测因素非常重要，因为这些知识对研究人员、从业人员和公众都很有价值。本研究的目的是探讨脆弱和自大这两种自恋特质对网络约会虐待行为的影响。我们还研究了自主性、能力和相关性等基本心理需求是否会对这一影响产生中介作用。研究样本包括 300 名在职成年人（48.66% 为男性；平均年龄 = 39.49 岁）。参与者填写了易受伤害自恋量表、自恋自大量表、网络约会虐待问卷以及基本心理需求满意度和挫折感量表。路径分析模型表明，两种类型的自恋都能显著预测网络约会虐待。对能力的需求部分调节了自恋型自大狂对网络约会虐待的影响。能力挫败感部分调节了自恋型自大狂对网络约会虐待的影响（b = .013；p = .019）。能力满足感部分调节了自恋型自大狂对网络约会虐待的影响（b = .021；p = .017）。基本心理需求对脆弱自恋和网络约会虐待之间的关系没有明显影响。自恋自大程度较高的成年人可能会受到能力需求的保护而免受网络约会虐待。未来的研究可以考察干预计划（如基本心理需求肯定）对网络约会虐待的影响。

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引用次数: 0

What drives AI-based risk information-seeking intent? Insufficiency of risk information versus (Un)certainty of AI chatbots 是什么驱动了基于人工智能的风险信息搜索意图？风险信息的不足与人工智能聊天机器人的（不）确定性

IF 9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Computers in Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2024.108460

Soo Jung Hong

This study explored the factors influencing the U.S. public's intent to seek risk information via AI-powered channels, such as ChatGPT. It focused on cognitive and affective pathways that lead to uncertainty about both risk information and AI chatbots in the context of climate change risk. We conducted a comparative analysis to discern the impacts of risk perceptions related to climate change and AI-caused privacy risks on public uncertainty and decision-making regarding the use of AI chatbots. Specifically, we assessed how different risk-related perceptions and emotions contribute to subsequent uncertainty perceptions and decision-making regarding AI chatbot use for climate change risk information. We enlisted 1023 U.S. citizens aged 21–65 via CloudResearch in September 2023. The results reveal that high levels of perceived risk, strong negative emotions, and information insufficiency drive information-seeking behavior through AI chatbots. Perceived privacy concerns about AI technology significantly increase AI anxiety, which is positively associated with perceived uncertainty. Both AI anxiety and perceived uncertainty negatively affect the intent to seek information via AI chatbots. Conversely, perceived trust in AI chatbots significantly increases positive emotional responses, reduces perceived uncertainty, and enhances the intent to seek information via AI chatbots. We also investigated the mediation effects within each study model tested. The findings offer theoretical and practical implications for future studies on the public's adoption of AI services for risk information seeking, influenced by both risk-related and technology-based contexts.

本研究探讨了影响美国公众通过人工智能渠道（如 ChatGPT）寻求风险信息的因素。研究的重点是在气候变化风险的背景下，导致风险信息和人工智能聊天机器人不确定性的认知和情感途径。我们进行了一项比较分析，以了解与气候变化相关的风险认知和人工智能导致的隐私风险对公众使用人工智能聊天机器人的不确定性和决策的影响。具体来说，我们评估了不同的风险相关认知和情绪是如何影响随后的不确定性认知和有关使用人工智能聊天机器人获取气候变化风险信息的决策的。2023 年 9 月，我们通过 CloudResearch 征集了 1023 名 21-65 岁的美国公民。结果显示，高度的风险感知、强烈的负面情绪和信息不足推动了通过人工智能聊天机器人寻求信息的行为。对人工智能技术隐私的感知担忧大大增加了人工智能焦虑，而这种焦虑与感知到的不确定性呈正相关。人工智能焦虑和感知到的不确定性都会对通过人工智能聊天机器人寻求信息的意愿产生负面影响。相反，对人工智能聊天机器人的感知信任会明显增加积极的情绪反应，减少感知不确定性，并增强通过人工智能聊天机器人寻求信息的意愿。我们还调查了每个测试研究模型中的中介效应。研究结果为今后研究公众采用人工智能服务寻求风险信息提供了理论和实践意义，这些研究受到风险相关和技术背景的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Factors contributing to the defending behavior of adolescent cyberbystanders: A systematic review and meta-analysis 导致青少年网络旁观者防御行为的因素：系统回顾与荟萃分析

IF 9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Computers in Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2024.108463

Małgorzata Sobol , Aneta Przepiórka , Agata Błachnio

Cyberbystanders play a significant role in stopping cyberbullying. The aim of this review was to identify and quantify the factors contributing to the defending behavior of adolescent cyberbystanders. A systematic search of PsycARTICLES, PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases, manual searches, and citation tracking were conducted in line with PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analyses were performed for the selected factors. Peer-reviewed journal articles that evaluated adolescent cyberbystanders' defending behavior as an outcome or dependent variable were included. For each study, we estimated the risk of bias, the level of evidence, and the degree of association with defending behavior. Both the systematic review and the meta-analysis indicated positive associations of empathic skills and cyberbullying victimization with the defending behavior of adolescent cyberbystanders. Moreover, the systematic review showed that also self-efficacy and reinforcing the bully were related to defending behavior. The results of our review highlight the importance of being able to empathize with the victim's experiences as a factor contributing to the defending behavior of adolescent cyberbystanders. In subsequent research, it is worth differentiating between constructive and aggressive forms of defending behavior and using reliable research tools. Preventive and psychoeducational programs for adolescents should be focused on teaching specific and clearly described constructive defending behaviors in situations of cyberbullying.

网络旁观者在阻止网络欺凌方面发挥着重要作用。本综述旨在确定和量化导致青少年网络旁观者防御行为的因素。根据 PRISMA 准则，对 PsycARTICLES、PubMed、PsycINFO、MEDLINE 和 Scopus 数据库进行了系统检索、人工检索和引文跟踪。对所选因素进行了元分析。纳入了将青少年网络旁观者的防御行为作为结果或因变量进行评估的同行评审期刊文章。对于每项研究，我们都估算了偏倚风险、证据水平以及与防卫行为的关联程度。系统综述和荟萃分析均表明，移情技能和网络欺凌受害情况与青少年网络旁观者的防御行为存在正相关。此外，系统综述还表明，自我效能感和强化欺凌者也与防御行为有关。我们的综述结果突出表明，能够对受害者的经历感同身受是导致青少年网络旁观者采取防卫行为的一个重要因素。在随后的研究中，值得区分建设性和攻击性的防卫行为，并使用可靠的研究工具。针对青少年的预防和心理教育计划应侧重于教授在网络欺凌情况下具体而明确的建设性防御行为。

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引用次数: 0

Examining the ecological validity of VR experiments in soundscape and landscape research 考察声景和景观研究中 VR 实验的生态有效性

IF 9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Computers in Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2024.108462

Yichun Lu, Siu-Kit Lau

With the widespread adoption of Virtual Reality (VR) technology, researchers increasingly employ VR-based laboratory experiments to recreate intricate audio-visual environments and gather subjective data on environmental perceptions. However, critics often question the generalizability of findings from such experiments to real-world settings. To address this concern, this study investigated the ecological validity—i.e., the extent to which laboratory data reflects real-world perception—of VR experiments in soundscape and landscape research. This present study employed a three-step experimental method, including a series of comparison experiments, to investigate the influence of auralization, visualization, and human-computer interaction (HCI) on ecological validity. Regarding auralization method, results indicated that an adjustment of −8 dB would optimize the ecological validity. Besides, ambisonics and synthesis had significantly higher ecological validity than monoaural, while ambisonics and synthesis have their own merits. For visualization factors, 3D video showed a higher level of verisimilitude, but modelling also showed the potential, especially paired with ambisonics audio. Additionally, virtual walking significantly enhanced ecological validity as an HCI factor. Lastly, descriptors were proposed to measure the ecological validity using verisimilitude and veridicality approaches.

随着虚拟现实（VR）技术的广泛应用，研究人员越来越多地采用基于 VR 的实验室实验来重现错综复杂的视听环境，并收集有关环境感知的主观数据。然而，批评者经常质疑此类实验结果在现实世界环境中的可推广性。为了解决这个问题，本研究调查了声景和景观研究中 VR 实验的生态有效性，即实验室数据在多大程度上反映了真实世界的感知。本研究采用了三步实验法，包括一系列对比实验，来研究听觉化、可视化和人机交互（HCI）对生态有效性的影响。在听觉化方法方面，结果表明-8 分贝的调整可优化生态有效性。此外，环绕声和合成的生态有效性明显高于单声道，而环绕声和合成各有千秋。在可视化因素方面，三维视频显示出更高的逼真度，但模型也显示出潜力，尤其是与环境声音频搭配使用时。此外，虚拟行走作为一种人机交互因素，大大提高了生态有效性。最后，我们还提出了一些描述符，以便使用真实性和真实性方法来衡量生态有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Continuous measures of decision-difficulty captured remotely: Mouse-tracking sensitivity extends to tablets and smartphones 远程连续测量决策难度：鼠标跟踪灵敏度扩展至平板电脑和智能手机

IF 9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Computers in Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2024.108450

Alexandra A. Ouellette Zuk , Jennifer K. Bertrand , Craig S. Chapman

As decisions require actions to have an effect on the world, measures derived from movements such as using a mouse to control a cursor on a screen provide powerful and dynamic indices of decision-making. By adapting classic reach-decision paradigms and deploying them across computers, tablets, and smartphones, we show that portable touch-devices can sensitively capture decision-difficulty. We see this in pre- and during-movement temporal and motoric measures across diverse decision domains. We found touchscreen interactions to more sensitively reflect decision-difficulty during movement compared to computer interactions, and the latter to be more sensitive before movement initiation. Paired with additional evidence for the flexibility and unique utility of pre- and during-movement measures, this substantiates the use of widely available touch-devices to massively extend the reach of decision science.

由于决策需要行动才能对世界产生影响，因此从使用鼠标在屏幕上控制光标等动作中得出的测量结果可以为决策提供强大而动态的指标。通过改编经典的触控决策范式并将其应用于电脑、平板电脑和智能手机，我们发现便携式触控设备可以灵敏地捕捉决策难度。我们从不同决策领域的运动前和运动中的时间和运动测量中看到了这一点。我们发现，与电脑互动相比，触摸屏互动能更灵敏地反映运动过程中的决策难度，而后者在运动开始前更为灵敏。再加上运动前和运动中测量的灵活性和独特效用的额外证据，这证实了使用广泛可用的触摸设备可以极大地扩展决策科学的范围。

引用次数: 0