Underground Space最新文献_第4页

Effect of strain rate on the fracture behavior of granite under unconfined compression: A meso-scale energy evolution perspective 应变速率对无侧限压缩下花岗岩断裂行为的影响：一个细观能量演化视角

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Underground Space

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.undsp.2025.05.009

Qinyuan Liang , Hengxing Lan , Yu Zhou , Shijie Liu , Bo Li , Langping Li , Han Bao

The macro mechanical behavior of rock material is attributed to the meso/mineral characteristics. To deeply reveal the mechanisms of strain rate effect on mechanical properties and crack propagation, a series of unconfined compression experiments and simulations for exploring the meso-scale characteristic were conducted at different strain rates. Based on the micro-loading equipment with microphotography capabilities and the numerical grain-based model method, the meso-scale crack propagation and energy evolution characteristics of granite during the pre-peak loading process were analyzed. The results indicate that with the increase of strain rate, the crack distribution entropy value increases, which means that cracks are more evenly distributed among various minerals. The differences in stored elastic strain energy among different minerals decrease, resulting in more uniform energy release. In addition, cracks associated with biotite transits from intergranular to transgranular modes. Therefore, the increased strain rate can prompt more minerals to participate in deformation, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties. This study deeply reveals the mechanisms of strain rate on granite crack propagation at the meso-scale, offering valuable insights for the stability and safety of underground space engineering.

岩石材料的宏观力学行为是由细观/矿物特征决定的。为深入揭示应变率对裂纹扩展和力学性能影响的机理，开展了不同应变率下的无侧限压缩实验和细观尺度特征模拟研究。基于具有显微摄影功能的微加载设备和基于颗粒的数值模型方法，分析了花岗岩峰前加载过程的细观裂纹扩展和能量演化特征。结果表明：随着应变速率的增大，裂纹分布熵值增大，表明裂纹在各种矿物间的分布更加均匀；不同矿物间储存弹性应变能的差异减小，使能量释放更加均匀。此外，与黑云母有关的裂缝由晶间模式过渡到穿晶模式。因此，增加应变速率可以促使更多的矿物参与变形，从而提高力学性能。该研究在细观尺度上深入揭示了应变速率对花岗岩裂纹扩展的影响机制，为地下空间工程的稳定与安全提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

EDA-TCNet: A dual-attention enhanced network for precise point cloud segmentation in tunnel construction EDA-TCNet：用于隧道施工中点云精确分割的双关注增强网络

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Underground Space

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.undsp.2025.04.012

Xin Peng, Mingnian Wang, Bingxu Huang, Honglin Shen, Hao Zhong

To enhance the accuracy of point cloud semantic segmentation in tunnel face construction areas, this study proposes a novel model named enhanced dual attention-tunnel construction net (EDA-TCNet). EDA-TCNet introduces a 3D enhanced dual attention module (EDAM), which employs a parallel channel and spatial attention mechanism to strengthen the model’s focus on critical features. Additionally, a loss function named CELDAM is designed, combining cross-entropy loss and label-distribution-aware margin loss to effectively address data imbalance issues and improve the prediction capability for minority classes. Experiments conducted on three ongoing tunnel projects in Northwest China demonstrate that EDA-TCNet achieves a mean intersection over union (mIoU) of 0.8816 and an overall accuracy (OA) of 0.9406 on the test set. Compared to PointNet, PointNet++, DGCNN, and PointMLP, EDA-TCNet improves mIoU by 18.20%, 3.00%, 8.61%, and 32.23%, and OA by 15.98%, 1.74%, 5.48%, and 22.38%, respectively. Furthermore, the optimization of the balancing coefficient μ in CELDAM further enhances the model’s generalization capability. In conclusion, EDA-TCNet demonstrates exceptional performance in point cloud semantic segmentation tasks for tunnel construction areas and shows great potential for engineering applications.

为了提高隧道工作面施工区域点云语义分割的准确性，本文提出了一种新的增强双注意-隧道施工网（EDA-TCNet）模型。EDA-TCNet引入了3D增强双注意模块（EDAM），该模块采用平行通道和空间注意机制来加强模型对关键特征的关注。此外，设计了一个名为CELDAM的损失函数，结合交叉熵损失和标签分布感知的边际损失，有效地解决了数据不平衡问题，提高了对少数类的预测能力。在西北3个正在进行的隧道工程中进行的实验表明，EDA-TCNet在测试集上的平均交联（mIoU）为0.8816，总体精度（OA）为0.9406。与PointNet、pointnet++、DGCNN和PointMLP相比，EDA-TCNet的mIoU分别提高了18.20%、3.00%、8.61%和32.23%，OA分别提高了15.98%、1.74%、5.48%和22.38%。此外，CELDAM中平衡系数μ的优化进一步提高了模型的泛化能力。综上所述，EDA-TCNet在隧道施工领域的点云语义分割任务中表现出优异的性能，具有巨大的工程应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

A hybrid review of sewer inspection tools and automated CCTV image analysis techniques 下水道检查工具和自动闭路电视图像分析技术的混合回顾

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Underground Space

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.undsp.2025.06.004

Mohamed Nashat , Tarek Zayed

Maintaining the integrity of sewage networks is crucial for sustainable urban development. Despite extensive research on inspection tools, machine learning applications, and condition assessment for sewer defects, a holistic review of these elements remains absent. This paper addresses this gap by presenting a comprehensive review within a unified framework, employing a mixed-method approach that includes bibliometric, scientometric, and systematic analyses. Our findings reveal that integrating in-pipe and out-pipe inspection methods enhances outcomes. The current literature identifies modified RegNet, dilation segmentation with conditional random field (DilaSeg-CRF), you only look once (YOLO) models, and faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN) as effective algorithms for classification, segmentation, and object detection, both on-site and off-site, respectively. However, machine learning is an evolving field, and future algorithms may surpass these models. Identifying key challenges, we propose recommendations aimed at advancing research and enhancing replicability: notably, the expansion of international research collaborations, particularly in underrepresented regions such as the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and South America; applying the latest version of YOLOv11 in object detection; and investigating defect patterns in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sewer and rehabilitated pipes using advanced diagnostic methods. This review anticipates aiding policymakers in adopting informed strategies, thereby contributing to the development of smarter, more sustainable cities.

保持污水管网的完整性对可持续城市发展至关重要。尽管对下水道缺陷的检测工具、机器学习应用和状态评估进行了广泛的研究，但对这些因素的全面审查仍然缺乏。本文采用文献计量学、科学计量学和系统分析的混合方法，在统一的框架内进行了全面的综述，解决了这一差距。我们的研究结果表明，整合管内和管外检测方法可以提高结果。目前的文献将改进的RegNet、条件随机场扩张分割（DilaSeg-CRF）、你只看一次（YOLO）模型和更快的基于区域的卷积神经网络（faster R-CNN）分别确定为现场和非现场分类、分割和目标检测的有效算法。然而，机器学习是一个不断发展的领域，未来的算法可能会超越这些模型。我们确定了关键挑战，提出了旨在推进研究和增强可复制性的建议：特别是扩大国际研究合作，特别是在中东、非洲、亚洲和南美洲等代表性不足的地区；应用最新版本的YOLOv11进行目标检测；并使用先进的诊断方法调查聚氯乙烯（PVC）下水道和修复管道的缺陷模式。本报告旨在帮助决策者采取明智的战略，从而为建设更智能、更可持续的城市做出贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Intelligent lithology identification via spectral-image fusion 基于光谱图像融合的智能岩性识别

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Underground Space

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.undsp.2025.05.011

Zhenhao Xu, Shan Li, Peng Lin, Qianji Li

Lithology identification is of vital significance for fundamental geological research and engineering applications. Traditional methods rely on rock image features and often cause confusion among visually similar rocks. To enhance identification accuracy, spectral features are integrated to better represent rock composition. Nonetheless, spectral testing inevitably damages samples and is prone to challenges of the occurrence of similar spectra for different materials. This study explores the advantages of hyperspectral imaging technology, enabling the integration of spectral and image data without damage or contact. A novel spectral-image fusion method is proposed for lithology identification. It uses a dual-channel residual neural network that combines spectral and texture feature channels. Additionally, key features are effectively captured by spectral-spatial attention mechanisms. Finally, a customized transfer learning approach is utilized to fine-tune the pre-trained network on a small dataset for lithology identification at the tunnel site, facilitating rapid model adaptation. The research indicates that employing the ResNetX2-50 network for integrating spectral-image information yields optimal identification results, with a fusion accuracy of over 99% on the test set, which is 2 percentage points higher than the accuracy of a single spectral model and about 20 percentage points higher than the accuracy of a single texture model. Research findings provide robust technical support for non-destructive, non-contact, fast lithology identification in field investigations and construction projects.

岩性识别对基础地质研究和工程应用具有重要意义。传统的方法依赖于岩石图像特征，并且经常在视觉上相似的岩石之间造成混淆。为了提高识别精度，结合光谱特征更好地表征岩石成分。然而，光谱测试不可避免地会损坏样品，并且容易遇到不同材料出现相似光谱的挑战。本研究探讨了高光谱成像技术的优势，实现了光谱和图像数据的集成，而不损坏或接触。提出了一种新的岩性识别光谱图像融合方法。它使用了一种结合了光谱和纹理特征通道的双通道残差神经网络。此外，关键特征被光谱空间注意机制有效捕获。最后，利用定制的迁移学习方法对小数据集上的预训练网络进行微调，以便在隧道现场进行岩性识别，从而促进模型的快速适应。研究表明，采用ResNetX2-50网络对光谱图像信息进行融合，获得了最优的识别效果，在测试集上的融合精度达到99%以上，比单一光谱模型的准确率提高了2个百分点，比单一纹理模型的准确率提高了约20个百分点。研究成果为野外调查和工程建设中无损、非接触、快速岩性识别提供了有力的技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Resilience of shield tunnel subjected to adjacent construction disturbances: A review 盾构隧道在邻近施工扰动下的回弹性研究进展

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Underground Space

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.undsp.2024.12.007

Dong-Mei Zhang , Bin-Lin Gan , Zhong-Kai Huang , Rui Zhu , Wei Zhang

With the intensive and rapid development of urban underground space, there are more and more adjacent construction disturbances to the existing shield tunnels, posing serious challenges to their safety operation and maintenance. Resilience is an integrated representation of the ability of the engineering systems to resist disaster disturbances and recover function, and it can comprehensively reflect the impact of adjacent construction disturbances on the whole disaster chain of shield tunnels. However, the field currently faces challenges related to vague definitions of resilience, diverse evaluation indicators and measures, and an emphasis on evaluation rather than enhancement. Hence, this paper firstly summarized the definition of engineering resilience, especially the resilience of shield tunnels, and proposed the resilience definition of shield tunnels under adjacent construction disturbance, considering the basic connotation of resilience and disturbance characteristics. Secondly, the existing resilience evaluation frameworks for shield tunnels were summarized and analyzed, and the applicability of the existing framework for the shield tunnel under adjacent construction was discussed in light of the disturbance characteristics. Building on the mechanism and deformation characteristics, the resilience evaluation indexes and evaluation methods were reviewed based on the indicators of influencing factors and indicators of effectiveness of the entire disaster chain. Afterwards, the synergistic enhancement technology of shield tunnel resilience was summarized into 4 aspects: optimal structural design, disturbance transmission blocking, structural performance enhancement, and stratum grouting. Finally, research prospects in this field were analyzed systematically. This paper is intended to provide a meaningful reference for the in-depth research and application of structural resilience of shield tunnels subjected to adjacent construction disturbances.

随着城市地下空间的集约快速发展，既有盾构隧道的相邻施工干扰越来越多，对盾构隧道的安全运维提出了严峻的挑战。弹性是工程系统抗灾害干扰能力和恢复功能的综合表征，可以综合反映相邻施工干扰对盾构隧道整个灾害链的影响。然而，该领域目前面临着与弹性定义模糊，评估指标和措施多样化以及强调评估而不是增强相关的挑战。因此，本文首先总结了工程回弹性的定义，特别是盾构隧道的回弹性，在考虑回弹性的基本内涵和扰动特征的基础上，提出了相邻施工扰动下盾构隧道的回弹性定义。其次，对现有盾构隧道回弹性评估框架进行了总结和分析，并针对盾构隧道的扰动特征，讨论了现有框架对临近施工盾构隧道的适用性。在机理和变形特征的基础上，基于全灾链影响因素指标和有效性指标，对恢复力评价指标和评价方法进行了综述。随后，将盾构隧道回弹性协同增强技术归纳为结构优化设计、干扰传递阻断、结构性能增强、地层注浆4个方面。最后，对该领域的研究前景进行了系统分析。本文旨在为盾构隧道在邻近施工扰动下的结构回弹性的深入研究和应用提供有意义的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Deep learning-based segmentation and detection of tunnel lining defects and components from GPR images using T-GPRMask 基于深度学习的T-GPRMask探地雷达图像中隧道衬砌缺陷和构件的分割与检测

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Underground Space

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.undsp.2025.07.001

Jiahao Li , Hehua Zhu , Mei Yin

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has been extensively applied in tunnel engineering for the non-destructive assessment of lining structures. However, the interpretation of GPR images remains a time-consuming and expertise-dependent task. To address this challenge, this study proposes tunnel ground-penetrating radar mask region-based convolutional neural network (T-GPRMask), a deep learning-based instance segmentation model designed for the automated detection of tunnel lining defects and components. By integrating a convolutional block attention module (CBAM) and feature pyramid network (FPN), T-GPRMask enhances multi-scale feature extraction, enabling the detection of small, low-contrast defects that are commonly encountered in GPR images. The model was pretrained on a domain-specific dataset containing a diverse set of GPR images related to underground structures and then fine-tuned on a dataset specifically designed for tunnel inspections. The model achieved recognition accuracies of 83.18%, 88.24%, 92.84%, and 91.56% for detecting poor compactness, voids, steel arch supports, and initial lining thickness, respectively. A comparative study further demonstrated T-GPRMask’s superior performance over traditional models, such as YOLOv7 and RetinaNet. Field experiments on real-world tunnel inspection data validated the model’s high spatial accuracy and highlighted its practical applicability in tunnel maintenance.

探地雷达（GPR）在隧道工程中广泛应用于衬砌结构的无损检测。然而，探地雷达图像的解释仍然是一项耗时且依赖专业知识的任务。为了解决这一挑战，本研究提出了基于隧道探地雷达掩模区域的卷积神经网络（T-GPRMask），这是一种基于深度学习的实例分割模型，旨在自动检测隧道衬里缺陷和组件。通过集成卷积块注意模块（CBAM）和特征金字塔网络（FPN）， T-GPRMask增强了多尺度特征提取，能够检测到GPR图像中常见的小的、低对比度的缺陷。该模型在包含与地下结构相关的多种GPR图像的特定领域数据集上进行预训练，然后在专门为隧道检查设计的数据集上进行微调。该模型对密实度差、孔洞、钢拱支撑和初始衬砌厚度的识别准确率分别为83.18%、88.24%、92.84%和91.56%。对比研究进一步证明了T-GPRMask优于YOLOv7、RetinaNet等传统模型的性能。对实际隧道巡检数据的现场实验验证了该模型具有较高的空间精度，突出了该模型在隧道维修中的实用性。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of water content on the failure modes and macro-micromechanical properties of sulfate rocks: Insights from experimental and DEM simulations 含水量对硫酸盐岩石破坏模式和宏观微观力学特性的影响：来自实验和DEM模拟的见解

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Underground Space

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.undsp.2025.06.005

Li Yu , Youlin Qin , Hualao Wang , Mingnian Wang , Zhaohui Chen , Mingyang Yu , Hong Jin

The initial water content significantly affects rock mechanics, especially with swelling minerals. However, the effects of initial water content on the mechanical properties and failure mode of sulfate rocks remain unclear. This study explores these effects by conducting unconfined compressive strength (UCS) experiments and discrete element method simulations on sulfate rocks. The results indicate that as the initial water content increased from 0 to 9%, the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of sulfate rock exponentially decreased by 48.9% and 290%, respectively. Additionally, the crack initiation stress (

σ_{c i}

), crack damage stress (

σ_{c d}

), and UCS decreased by 62.4%, 51.5%, and 53.3%, respectively. The stress responses to initial water content follow linear functions. Notable decreases were also observed in the normal and shear stiffness parameters (

k_{n}

and

k_{s})

of contact, diminishing by 46.53% and 46.54%, respectively; peak cohesion decreased by 69.70%; peak friction angle by 17.39%; peak tensile strength by 124%. Rising initial water content leads to increased damage and softening of sulfate rock, causing decreased mechanical properties. It can be observed that as the initial water content increases, the proportion of micro-tensile fractures in the total number of fractures increases, and the dominant failure mode of sulfate rock gradually transitions from shear to tensile failure.

初始含水量显著影响岩石力学性质，尤其是溶胀矿物。然而，初始含水量对硫酸盐岩力学性能和破坏模式的影响尚不清楚。本文通过对硫酸盐岩进行无侧限抗压强度（UCS）试验和离散元法模拟，探讨了这些影响。结果表明：当初始含水量从0增加到9%时，硫酸盐岩的杨氏模量和泊松比分别指数下降48.9%和290%；裂纹起裂应力（σci）、裂纹损伤应力（σcd）和UCS分别降低了62.4%、51.5%和53.3%。应力对初始含水量的响应服从线性函数。接触法向刚度和剪切刚度参数（kn和ks）也显著减小，分别减小46.53%和46.54%；峰内聚力降低69.70%；峰值摩擦角减小17.39%；峰值抗拉强度提高124%。初始含水量的增加导致硫酸盐岩的损伤和软化加剧，力学性能下降。可以观察到，随着初始含水量的增加，微拉伸裂缝占裂缝总数的比例增加，硫酸盐岩的主导破坏模式逐渐由剪切破坏向拉伸破坏转变。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of geothermal temperature on smoke dynamics in construction tunnel fires 地温对施工隧道火灾烟气动力学的影响

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Underground Space

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.undsp.2025.05.004

Chuangang Fan , Xiaoxian Fei , Maozhen Liu , Jiayi Ha , Linbo Du , Zhi Li , Yuhao Li , Dia Luan

The development of traffic networks in mountainous areas has led to an increasing number of tunnels being constructed in regions of high geothermal activity. This study examined the effects of geothermal temperature, heat release rate, and fire source location on temperature distribution and smoke movement in construction tunnel fires through a series of scaled-down experiments. Results showed that geothermal conditions heat the air, creating layered flow within construction tunnels. The temperature and velocity of the induced airflow along the tunnel length were characterized. The upper airflow caused by geothermal conditions hinders the spread of smoke toward the tunnel face, resulting in a complex thermal stratification phenomenon. A model for predicting the smoke diffusion length upstream of the fire source was developed, considering geothermal temperature, heat release rate, and fire source location. Additionally, the ceiling temperature distribution was analyzed, showing that downstream temperature decay is insensitive to fire location, while upstream temperature decay can be divided into geothermal-affected and non-affected zones based on the fire source position. Prediction models for the ceiling temperature distribution upstream and downstream were established, respectively. These findings enhance the understanding of smoke dynamics in construction tunnel fires under high geothermal conditions.

山区交通网络的发展导致越来越多的隧道被建造在地热活动频繁的地区。通过一系列缩小比例的实验，研究了地热温度、放热速率和火源位置对建筑隧道火灾温度分布和烟雾运动的影响。结果表明，地热条件加热空气，在施工隧道内形成分层流动。对诱导气流沿隧道长度方向的温度和速度进行了表征。地热条件引起的上层气流阻碍了烟气向隧道工作面扩散，形成复杂的热分层现象。建立了考虑地热温度、热释放速率和火源位置的火源上游烟气扩散长度预测模型。此外，对顶棚温度分布进行了分析，发现下游温度衰减对火源位置不敏感，上游温度衰减根据火源位置可分为地热影响区和非地热影响区。分别建立了顶棚上下游温度分布的预测模型。这些发现增强了对高地热条件下施工隧道火灾烟气动力学的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial motion patterns and force transmission characteristics of muck particles in EPB shield tunneling: An FDM-DEM coupling analysis 盾构掘进中土粒空间运动模式与力传递特性：FDM-DEM耦合分析

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Underground Space

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.undsp.2025.05.005

Yuxiang Yao, Yong Fang, Chuan He, Gongyun Xu, Zhigang Yao, Xiongyu Hu

Earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunneling in sandy cobble strata often encounters challenges such as muck stagnation, severe tool wear, difficulties in chamber pressure control, and low excavation efficiency. To address these issues, this study proposes a novel gradient stress construction strategy based on rigid wall boundaries by integrating the finite difference method (FDM) and the discrete element method (DEM), and establishes a refined FDM-DEM coupled shield tunneling model. Using this model, the pressure distribution and load transfer mechanisms at the excavation face and within the chamber, as well as the motion trajectories, velocities, and spatial distribution of muck particles, are analyzed in detail. The results indicate that: (1) The pressure at the cutterhead spokes is lower than that at the cutterhead openings; the muck pressure within the chamber exhibits significant radial gradient variations, with distinct differences between the left and right sides. (2) The average pressure in the upper regions of both the left and right sides of the chamber is nearly equal, with a stable pressure transmission coefficient of approximately 0.8. An under-pressure advancement strategy is recommended to avoid ground heave. (3) The muck particles follow spiral trajectories, forming dual-vortex stagnation zones in the central region of the cutterhead (0–0.2D, where D denotes the cutterhead diameter) and the support column region of the chamber (0–0.25D). The installation of radial mixing rods on the cutterhead shaft is suggested to improve muck flowability. This study provides new insights for optimizing cutterhead and chamber design, offering significant implications for enhancing the efficiency of shield tunneling construction.

砂卵石地层中土压平衡盾构施工经常面临泥质滞陷、工具磨损严重、硐室压力控制困难、开挖效率低等挑战。针对这些问题，本研究将有限差分法（FDM）与离散元法（DEM）相结合，提出了一种基于刚性墙边界的梯度应力构建策略，并建立了精细化的FDM-DEM耦合盾构隧道模型。利用该模型，详细分析了开挖工作面和硐室内的压力分布和荷载传递机理，以及渣土颗粒的运动轨迹、速度和空间分布。结果表明：(1)刀盘辐条处的压力小于刀盘开口处的压力；硐室内渣土压力呈明显的径向梯度变化，左右两侧差异明显。(2)左右两侧腔室上部区域平均压力基本相等，稳定的传压系数约为0.8。为避免地面隆起，建议采用欠压推进策略。(3)渣土颗粒沿螺旋轨迹运动，在刀盘中心区域（0 ~ 0.2D， D为刀盘直径）和腔室支柱区域（0 ~ 0.25D）形成双涡滞止区。建议在刀盘轴上安装径向混合棒，以提高泥浆的流动性。该研究为盾构隧道刀盘和刀室的优化设计提供了新的思路，对提高盾构隧道施工效率具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Biaxial compression behavior and stability analysis of wedge blocks in tunnel sidewalls: Experimental investigation and support effect evaluation 隧道侧壁楔块体双轴压缩特性与稳定性分析：试验研究与支护效果评价

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Underground Space

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.undsp.2025.05.008

Ruiyang Bi, Minghui Liu, Jian Zhou, Kun Du

In complex jointed rock masses, wedge blocks are likely to form on the tunnel sidewalls after excavation, and the mechanical properties and stress environment of the surrounding rock have a significant impact on their stability. In this study, cubic rock specimens with prefabricated wedge blocks and arched tunnel features were tested under biaxial compression. Acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation technologies were used to monitor crack propagation and specimen failure in real-time. The results showed that supported specimens exhibited higher strength during both the peak and post-peak stages, with a slower strength decline after the peak. The support regulated AE hit rates and enhanced energy storage capacity. Different specimens displayed varying strain evolution, with supported specimens generally having higher lateral strain than shear strain. In unsupported specimens, tensile and shear stresses were concentrated at the wedge block apex, while supported specimens showed more complex stress variations, especially under the influence of wedge blocks. Stable specimens experienced shear sliding failure, while extremely stable specimens experienced both shear sliding and tensile fracture. As horizontal stress (σ₃) increased, specimen strength and wedge block failure both increased. Triangular wedge blocks played a decisive role in tunnel stability, with extremely stable triangular blocks providing greater safety. In addition, a typical stability analysis method for wedge blocks was proposed. The findings provide a scientific basis for rock mass stability assessment and support measure selection in tunnel design.

在复杂节理岩体中，开挖后巷道侧壁容易形成楔形块体，围岩的力学特性和应力环境对其稳定性有重要影响。本研究采用预制楔块体和拱形隧道特征的立方体岩石试件进行双轴压缩试验。采用声发射（AE）和数字图像相关技术对裂纹扩展和试样破坏进行实时监测。结果表明：受支试件在峰值和峰后阶段均表现出较高的强度，峰值后强度下降较慢；该支持规范了AE命中率并增强了储能容量。不同的试件表现出不同的应变演化，受支试件的侧向应变普遍高于剪切应变。无支护时，拉剪应力集中在楔块体顶端，而有支护时，应力变化更为复杂，楔块体的影响尤为明显。稳定试件经历剪切滑动破坏，极稳定试件经历剪切滑动破坏和拉伸破坏。随着水平应力σ3的增大，试件强度和楔块破坏均增大。三角楔块体在隧道稳定中起着决定性的作用，极其稳定的三角块体提供了更大的安全性。此外，还提出了一种典型的楔块体稳定性分析方法。研究结果为隧道设计中岩体稳定性评价和支护措施选择提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0