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Interchangeability of player movement variables from different athlete tracking systems in professional soccer 职业足球中不同运动员跟踪系统中运动员运动变量的互换性
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-02-19 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2021.1879393
Susanne Ellens, Daniel Hodges, Sean McCullagh, J. Malone, M. Varley
ABSTRACT This study assessed the interchangeability between 10-Hz multi-GNSS GPS devices (Vector®) and two optical tracking systems (TRACAB® and Second Spectrum®). The agreement between data from the optical tracking systems when processed with manufacturer and GPS-filtered software was also assessed. Thirty players competing in the English Premier League were monitored using three different tracking systems across five matches. To determine the interchangeability between systems, player movement variables including, total distance, high-speed running distance (19.8–25.2 km·h−1), sprinting distance (>25.2 km·h−1), efforts >19.8 km·h−1 and maximal speed were compared. Equations were formed using linear regression and linear mixed-effects models to allow interchangeability of player movement variables between systems. Over half of the variance of most interchangeability equations were explained and associated with very strong positive correlations (r > 0.72). Small to huge differences were found between systems for most player movement variables. Data of optical tracking systems had decreased values in speed variables >19.8 km·h−1 when processed through GPS software. This study provides equations for practitioners to interchange player movement variables between TRACAB, Second Spectrum and Vector GPS systems with reduced error. This will enable practitioners to combine and share data captured with different tracking systems to analyse and improve their training.
本研究评估了10 hz多gnss GPS设备(Vector®)与两个光学跟踪系统(TRACAB®和Second Spectrum®)之间的互换性。还评估了光学跟踪系统数据与制造商处理后的gps滤波软件之间的一致性。30名参加英超联赛的球员在五场比赛中使用三种不同的跟踪系统进行了监测。为了确定系统之间的互换性,比较了运动员的运动变量,包括总距离、高速奔跑距离(19.8 - 25.2 km·h−1)、冲刺距离(>25.2 km·h−1)、努力程度>19.8 km·h−1和最大速度。使用线性回归和线性混合效应模型形成方程,以允许系统之间玩家移动变量的互换性。大多数互换性方程的一半以上的方差都得到了解释,并与非常强的正相关(r > 0.72)。对于大多数玩家移动变量,系统之间存在着或大或小的差异。光学跟踪系统的数据经过GPS软件处理后,速度变量>下降了19.8 km·h−1。本研究为从业者在TRACAB、Second Spectrum和Vector GPS系统之间交换球员运动变量提供了方程式,减少了误差。这将使从业人员能够结合和共享与不同跟踪系统捕获的数据,以分析和改进他们的培训。
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引用次数: 9
The effects of travel on performance: a 13-year analysis of the National Rugby League (NRL) competition 旅行对表现的影响:对国家橄榄球联盟(NRL)比赛的13年分析
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2021.1876243
D. Read, Sean Williams, Hugh H K Fullagar, J. Weakley
ABSTRACT The purpose was to investigate the effects of travel on performance in the National Rugby League (NRL). A total of 4,704 observations from 2,352 NRL matches (2007–2019) were analysed. The effect of travel on match outcome (i.e., win/loss) was analysed using a generalized linear mixed model, and the points difference using a linear mixed model. For every 1,000 km travelled in the NRL, the estimated probability of winning a match was reduced by −2.7% [−5.7 to 0.3%] and the estimated points difference by −1.1 [−2.0 to −0.2] points. In relation to every 1,000 km travelled, the 2007–2009 seasons had the greatest reduction in the likelihood of winning a match (−2.7% [−4.7 to −0.6%]), with the 2018–2019 seasons having the greatest likelihood (1.1% [−1.2 to 3.3%]). Regarding inter-state travel, teams from the state of Queensland had the greatest reduction in the likelihood of winning a match while the team from the state of Victoria had the greatest likelihood, although there were no clear differences between states. These data suggest that travel has impacted performance in NRL matches although this effect has reduced over time. These findings are useful for practitioners that prepare athletes in sports where frequent short-haul travel is required.
摘要本研究旨在调查旅行对国家橄榄球联盟(NRL)比赛成绩的影响。分析了2352场NRL比赛(2007-2019)的4704次观测结果。旅行对比赛结果(即输赢)的影响使用广义线性混合模型进行分析,积分差使用线性混合模型。在NRL中,每行驶1000公里,赢得比赛的估计概率就会降低−2.7%[−5.7至0.3%],估计积分差就会降低−1.1[−2.0至−0.2]分。就每行驶1000公里而言,2007-2009赛季赢得比赛的可能性降低幅度最大(-2.7%[-4.7%--0.6%]),而2018-2019赛季的可能性最大(1.1%[-1.2%-3.3%]),来自昆士兰州的球队赢得比赛的可能性降低最大,而来自维多利亚州的球队获胜的可能性最大,尽管各州之间没有明显的差异。这些数据表明,旅行影响了NRL比赛的表现,尽管这种影响随着时间的推移而减少。这些发现对从业者很有用,他们为运动员在需要频繁短途旅行的运动中做好准备。
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引用次数: 3
Progression to the target vs. regular rules in Soccer small-sided Games 足球小型比赛中目标与常规规则的进展
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-01-03 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2020.1869811
G. Praça, A. Andrade, S. Bredt, F. Moura, Pedro Emílio Drumond Moreira
ABSTRACT Background This study compared the physical, physiological, and spatiotemporal responses of soccer athletes in small-sided games (SSG) in two experimental conditions: progression to the target rule (PG), in which they should take the ball to the opponent’s endline to score points, and SSG with regular rules (RG), in which they should score goals to win the game. Methods Twenty U-20 athletes played both SSG formats. The SSG were played as four 4-minute bouts with four minutes of passive recovery in two consecutive days. Heart rate, physical (distances and accelerations), and positional data (length, width, and spatial exploration) were collected by a 10 hz GPS device and compared between the protocols using a MANOVA with Bonferroni’s correction for multiple comparisons. Results Results showed that the RG condition demanded more spatial exploration eliciting greater occupation of the pitch width. There were higher mean and maximum heart rates and greater low-to-moderate distances and accelerations in the RG, while the PG rule increased the distances covered at the highest speed and acceleration zones. Conclusions The progression to the target rule should be adopted to emphasize players’ ability to use the width during the offensive phase. Additionally, the PG rule should also be used to emphasize the development of speed and acceleration skills.
摘要背景本研究比较了足球运动员在两种实验条件下的小规模比赛(SSG)中的身体、生理和时空反应:向目标规则(PG)的进展,在目标规则中,他们应该把球带到对手的终点线得分;以及SSG与规则(RG)的关系,在规则中,他们应该进球才能赢得比赛。方法20名U-20运动员同时进行两种SSG形式的比赛。SSG比赛进行了四场4分钟的比赛,连续两天进行了四分钟的被动恢复。心率、物理(距离和加速度)和位置数据(长度、宽度和空间探索)由10hz GPS设备收集,并使用带有Bonferroni校正的MANOVA在协议之间进行比较,以进行多次比较。结果结果表明,RG条件需要更多的空间探索,从而占用了更大的间距宽度。RG中的平均心率和最大心率更高,中低距离和加速度更大,而PG规则增加了在最高速度和加速度区域覆盖的距离。结论进攻阶段应采用向目标规则的推进来强调球员利用宽度的能力。此外,PG规则还应用于强调速度和加速技能的发展。
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引用次数: 16
Missing data: current practice in football research and recommendations for improvement 缺失的数据:目前的足球研究实践和改进建议
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-11-24 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2021.1922739
D. Borg, Robert Nguyen, Nicholas J. Tierney
ABSTRACT Methods A survey of 136 articles published in 2019 (sampled at random) was conducted to determine whether a statement about missing data was included. Results The proportion of studies reporting on missing data was low, at 11.0% (95% confidence interval = 6.3% to 17.5%). Recommendations We recommend that researchers describe the number and percentage of missing values, including when there are no missing values. Exploratory analysis should be conducted to explore missing values, and visualisations describing missingness overall should be provided in the paper, or at least in supplementary materials. Missing values should almost always be imputed, and imputation methods should be explored to ensure they are appropriately representative. Researchers should consider these recommendations and pay greater attention to missing data and its influence on research results.
方法对2019年发表的136篇论文(随机抽样)进行调查,以确定是否包含关于缺失数据的陈述。结果报告缺失数据的研究比例较低,为11.0%(95%可信区间= 6.3% ~ 17.5%)。我们建议研究人员描述缺失值的数量和百分比,包括没有缺失值的情况。应进行探索性分析以探索缺失值,并应在论文中或至少在补充材料中提供描述缺失总体的可视化。缺失的值几乎总是应该归因,并且应该探索归因方法以确保它们具有适当的代表性。研究人员应该考虑这些建议,并更加关注缺失的数据及其对研究结果的影响。
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引用次数: 13
The illogic of being data-driven: reasserting control and restoring balance in our relationship with data and technology in football 数据驱动的不逻辑:重新控制和恢复我们与足球数据和技术的关系的平衡
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2020.1854842
P. Gamble, L. Chia, Sian V. Allen
ABSTRACT The ongoing advances and prevalence of technology in football is spurring a more prominent role for technology and data in driving decisions and practice. Sports science practitioners naturally play an integral part in the adoption of these technologies and are among the most enthusiastic proponents of a data-driven approach that promotes objective metrics and seeks to minimise or eliminate subjectivity. With the speed of these developments, there are a number of pitfalls that have been overlooked. In this commentary we describe the pervasive forces driving the adoption of technology solutions and critically examine the logic underpinning the present drive for metrics-based practice in football. In addition to highlighting some important gaps in what we are presently able to capture, we uncover some common flaws in how we implement new technology and use data. We propose that there is a fundamental need to reframe how we are seeking to employ data and more specifically make the necessary switch from being data-driven to data-informed. We propose some solutions to assist practitioners in being purposeful in their use of these tools and leverage the benefits of technology and data in a way that better supports decision-making and complements coaching practice.
摘要技术在足球运动中的不断进步和普及,促使技术和数据在推动决策和实践中发挥着更加突出的作用。体育科学从业者自然在这些技术的采用中发挥着不可或缺的作用,他们是数据驱动方法的最热心支持者之一,该方法促进客观指标,并寻求最大限度地减少或消除主观性。随着这些发展的速度,有许多陷阱被忽视了。在这篇评论中,我们描述了推动技术解决方案采用的普遍力量,并批判性地研究了当前足球运动中基于指标的实践的逻辑。除了强调我们目前能够捕捉到的一些重要差距外,我们还发现了我们在实施新技术和使用数据方面的一些常见缺陷。我们建议,根本需要重新定义我们寻求使用数据的方式,更具体地说,从数据驱动转向数据知情。我们提出了一些解决方案,以帮助从业者有目的地使用这些工具,并以更好地支持决策和补充辅导实践的方式利用技术和数据的好处。
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引用次数: 15
Periodisation: tailoring training based on the menstrual cycle may work in theory but can they be used in practice? 月经周期:基于月经周期的量身定制培训在理论上可能有效,但它们能在实践中使用吗?
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2020.1828615
R. Julian, D. Sargent
Since the FIFA Women’s World Cup in 2019, there has been increased media attention on the menstrual cycle and how it may contribute to overall football performance and success. The menstrual cycle ...
自2019年国际足联女足世界杯以来,媒体越来越关注月经周期,以及它如何影响足球的整体表现和成功。月经周期……
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引用次数: 3
Locomotor and collision characteristics by phases of play during the 2017 rugby league World Cup 2017年橄榄球世界杯比赛阶段的运动和碰撞特征
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2019.1694167
Gordon Rennie, N. Dalton-Barron, S. McLaren, D. Weaving, Richard Hunwicks, C. Barnes, S. Emmonds, Barry G. Frost, B. Jones
ABSTRACT Purpose Understanding differences in locomotor and collision characteristics between phases of play can help rugby league coaches develop training prescription. There are no data currently available describing these differences at the elite international level. The aim of our study was to determine the differences in average speed (m∙min−1), high-speed running (>5.5 m∙s−1) per minute and collision frequencies per minute (n∙min−1) between attack and defence during the 2017 Rugby League World Cup (RLWC). Methods: Microtechnology data were collected from 24 male professional rugby league players from the same international squad across six matches of the RLWC. Data were then subject to exclusion criteria and stratified into forwards (n = 9) and backs (n = 7) before being analysed with linear mixed-effects models. Results: When comparing attack with defence, forwards and backs had substantially slower average speeds (effect size [ES]; ±90% confidence limits: −2.31; ±0.31 and −1.17; ±0.25) and substantially greater high-speed distance per minute (1.61; ±0.59 and 4.41; ±1.19). Forwards completed substantially more collisions per minute when defending (2.75; ±0.32) whilst backs completed substantially more when attacking (0.63; ±0.70). There was greater within- and between-player variability for collision frequency (coefficient of variation [CV] range; 25–28%) and high-speed distance (18–33%) per minute when compared to average speed (6–12%). Conclusions: There are distinct differences in locomotor and collision characteristics when attacking and defending during international rugby league match-play, yet the variability of high-speed running and collisions per minute is large. These data may be useful to plan or evaluate training practices.
摘要目的了解不同比赛阶段运动和碰撞特征的差异,有助于橄榄球联盟教练制定训练处方。目前还没有数据可以描述国际精英阶层的这些差异。我们研究的目的是确定2017年橄榄球联盟世界杯(RLWC)期间进攻和防守之间的平均速度(m∙min−1)、每分钟高速跑(>5.5 m∙s−1)和每分钟碰撞频率(n∙min−1)的差异。方法:收集来自同一国家队的24名男性职业橄榄球联盟球员在RLWC的6场比赛中的微技术数据。然后对数据进行排除标准,分层为正向(n = 9)和反向(n = 7),然后用线性混合效应模型进行分析。结果:当比较进攻和防守时,前锋和后卫的平均速度明显较慢(效应大小[ES];±90%置信限:−2.31;±0.31和−1.17;±0.25)和更大的每分钟高速距离(1.61;±0.59和4.41;±1.19)。前锋在防守时每分钟的碰撞次数要多得多(2.75;±0.32),而后腰在进攻时完成的任务要多得多(0.63;±0.70)。碰撞频率在玩家内部和玩家之间存在较大的可变性(变异系数[CV]范围;与平均速度(6-12%)相比,每分钟高速距离(18-33%)。结论:在国际橄榄球联盟比赛中,进攻和防守时的运动和碰撞特征存在明显差异,但高速奔跑和每分钟碰撞的变异性较大。这些数据可能对计划或评估培训实践有用。
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引用次数: 11
The positional technical and running performance of sub-elite Gaelic football 亚精英盖尔足球的位置技术与跑动表现
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2019.1679872
Shane Mangan, Kieran Collins, Con Burns, C. O'Neill
ABSTRACT Introduction The current research examines the positional technical and running performance of sub-elite Gaelic football match-play and compares technical and running performance between Division 1 and Division 2 teams. Methods Sixty eight sub-elite Gaelic football players from two teams were monitored via global positioning system (GPS) microtechnology (GPEXE LT 18 Hz, Exelio, Udine, Italy) and a video camera across 30 competitive matches (n = 336). Comparisons between teams and playing positions were examined for selected technical and running performance variables. Results Playing position had large effects on several variables including number of possessions (ES = 0.18), number of shots (ES = 0.45), total m per minute (ES = 0.403), average speed (ES = 0.40), number of power events (ES = 0.3) and recovery time between power events (ES = 0.31). Playing standard had trivial to small effects on all technical performance variables (ES ≤ 0.47) and trivial to small effects (ES ≤ 0.48) on all running performance variables. Conclusion The current study demonstrates that there are distinct positional demands in sub-elite Gaelic football. The findings of this research also demonstrate that there is little difference in the technical and running performance of Division 1 and Division 2 sub-elite teams.
摘要:本研究考察了亚精英盖尔足球对抗赛的位置技术和跑动表现,并比较了甲级和乙级球队的技术和跑动表现。方法采用全球定位系统(GPS)微技术(GPEXE LT 18 Hz,意大利乌迪内埃克塞里奥)和摄像机对来自两支球队的68名亚精英盖尔足球运动员进行30场比赛(n = 336)的监测。团队和球员位置之间的比较被检查为选择的技术和运行性能变量。结果上场位置对球权数(ES = 0.18)、射门数(ES = 0.45)、每分钟总米数(ES = 0.403)、平均速度(ES = 0.40)、发力事件数(ES = 0.3)和发力事件之间的恢复时间(ES = 0.31)有较大影响。玩标准游戏对所有技术性能变量的影响从小到小(ES≤0.47),对所有运行性能变量的影响从小到小(ES≤0.48)。结论目前的研究表明,在亚精英的盖尔足球中存在着明显的位置需求。研究结果还表明,甲级和二级亚精英队在技术和跑动表现上差异不大。
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引用次数: 11
Technical skill not athleticism predicts an individual’s ability to maintain possession in small-sided soccer games 技术技能而非运动能力预测个人在小型足球比赛中保持控球能力
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-06-18 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2020.1780468
R. Wilson, N. Smith, B. Bedo, R. Aquino, F. Moura, P. Santiago
ABSTRACT Team sports such as soccer require individuals to play specific team roles, and success in each role is likely to be associated with a certain combination of traits. Despite this, scientific protocols for talent identification do not consider the diversity of roles played by individual players in a team. Here, we aimed to identify those players suited to the maintenance of possession by testing each individual’s sprinting, dribbling, passing, athleticism, and fitness, and showing how these traits were related to success in a small-sided possession game (4 vs 3). Passing and dribbling performance but not athleticism were the best predictors of game success. On average, 79.4 ± 8.0% of passes were successful, and those players that made a higher number of successful passes were significantly more likely to receive/possess the ball (r = 0.91; P < 0.0001). Passing success in games was best predicted by performance in dribbling and passing tests but not sprinting, fitness, or running anaerobic sprint test (F2,23 = 20.74; adjusted r2 = 0.61; P < 0.001). By identifying those traits associated with other game-specific activities, one could further improve talent identification protocols that reflect the diversity of player-types and help design individual-specific training regimes.
足球等团队运动要求个人扮演特定的团队角色,而每个角色的成功都可能与特定的特质组合有关。尽管如此,人才识别的科学协议并没有考虑到团队中个别球员所扮演角色的多样性。在这里,我们旨在通过测试每个人的短跑、运球、传球、运动能力和体能,并展示这些特征如何与小范围控球比赛(4对3)的成功相关,来确定那些适合保持控球的球员。传球和盘带的表现而不是运动能力是比赛成功的最佳预测因素。平均而言,79.4±8.0%的传球成功,成功传球次数较多的球员接球/控球的可能性明显更大(r=0.91;P<0.0001)。比赛中的传球成功最好通过运球和传球测试的表现来预测,而不是短跑、体能、,或进行无氧短跑测试(F2,23=20.74;调整后的r2=0.61;P<0.001)。通过识别与其他特定比赛活动相关的特征,可以进一步改进人才识别协议,反映球员类型的多样性,并有助于设计针对个人的训练制度。
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引用次数: 4
Sharing information is probably more helpful than providing generic training recommendations on return to play after COVID-19 home confinement 分享信息可能比在新冠肺炎家庭隔离后提供重返赛场的一般训练建议更有帮助
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-06-04 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2020.1775436
F. Impellizzeri, M. Franchi, F. Sarto, T. Meyer, A. Coutts
Some authors of this editorial have recently published a call for awareness about the health consequences (e.g. increased injury risk) of home confinement in sport programming (Sarto et al. 2020). ...
这篇社论的一些作者最近发表了一篇呼吁,呼吁人们在体育节目中意识到家庭禁闭对健康的影响(例如增加受伤风险)(Sarto等人,2020)。。。
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引用次数: 17
期刊
Science and Medicine in Football
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