Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100536
Jesús Cebollada , David Sebastián , Jun Yamasaki , Javier Agúndez , Maria Jesús Lázaro , Maria Victoria Martínez-Huerta
This study explores the synthesis and electrocatalytic performance of copper-nitrogen-carbon composites formed by Cu single atoms/clusters embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon with Cu/Cu2O nanoparticles (Cu-X-NC) for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The catalysts were synthesized using polydopamine as a carbon and nitrogen source via the solvothermal carbonization (STC) method, followed by pyrolysis and acid washing. The effect of solvothermal carbonization temperature (120, 150, and 180 °C) on the structure and ORR activity was investigated. The physicochemical characterization showed that higher STC temperatures reduced the size of copper crystallites, slightly increased the formation of copper(I) oxide, and led to the creation of well-dispersed copper single atoms/clusters at 150 °C. This optimal dispersion enhances the interaction between the copper single atoms and the reactants, leading to faster ORR kinetics, as demonstrated by the lower charge transfer resistance values in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. Additionally, the balance between micropore and mesopore structures at this temperature facilitates efficient mass transport, which is critical for achieving higher ORR activity. Moreover, accelerated stability tests showed excellent durability for Cu-150-NC, with negligible loss in onset potential after 10,000 cycles. The solvothermal process significantly increased the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), with Cu-150-NC displaying the highest specific activity and mass activity per gram of copper, indicating superior performance. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of synthesis optimization and provide valuable insights for designing eco-friendly and high-performance copper catalysts for fuel cell applications.
{"title":"Building robust copper nanostructures via carbon coating derived from polydopamine for oxygen reduction reaction","authors":"Jesús Cebollada , David Sebastián , Jun Yamasaki , Javier Agúndez , Maria Jesús Lázaro , Maria Victoria Martínez-Huerta","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the synthesis and electrocatalytic performance of copper-nitrogen-carbon composites formed by Cu single atoms/clusters embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon with Cu/Cu<sub>2</sub>O nanoparticles (Cu-X-NC) for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The catalysts were synthesized using polydopamine as a carbon and nitrogen source via the solvothermal carbonization (STC) method, followed by pyrolysis and acid washing. The effect of solvothermal carbonization temperature (120, 150, and 180 °C) on the structure and ORR activity was investigated. The physicochemical characterization showed that higher STC temperatures reduced the size of copper crystallites, slightly increased the formation of copper(I) oxide, and led to the creation of well-dispersed copper single atoms/clusters at 150 °C. This optimal dispersion enhances the interaction between the copper single atoms and the reactants, leading to faster ORR kinetics, as demonstrated by the lower charge transfer resistance values in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. Additionally, the balance between micropore and mesopore structures at this temperature facilitates efficient mass transport, which is critical for achieving higher ORR activity. Moreover, accelerated stability tests showed excellent durability for Cu-150-NC, with negligible loss in onset potential after 10,000 cycles. The solvothermal process significantly increased the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), with Cu-150-NC displaying the highest specific activity and mass activity per gram of copper, indicating superior performance. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of synthesis optimization and provide valuable insights for designing eco-friendly and high-performance copper catalysts for fuel cell applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100536"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100535
Bibo Zhou , Xiaoming Zhao , Yuanjun Liu
To effectively reduce the damage caused by flame burns or heat transfer to the human body during fire, we used PAM aqueous solution as the matrix, XG as the thickener, HPMC as the water-retaining agent to form the basic material system, and added different functional particles (APP, PTW, HCB) to prepare a fire-proof and heat-insulating PAM flame-retardant material for fire emergency rescue. Ordinary cotton fabrics were impregnated into PAM flame-retardant materials using a simple impregnation process. After the impregnation, the test was performed in a non-dropping state (simulating the thermal protection effect of PAM flame retardant materials directly acting on the outside of the human body at the fire scene). The results show that the PAM flame retardant material prepared by adding 4 wt% HCB has the best comprehensive performance. TPP test shows that spraying PAM flame retardant material on the outside of the fabric can instantly give the fabric a higher thermal protection performance. Under the total heat flux of 84 kW/m2, the thermal performance protection value of the fabric is 2641.8 kW s/m2, and the second-degree burn time can reach 31.45 s. PAM flame retardant material does not damage the fabric. After soaping, the air permeability of the fabric decreases slightly, the moisture permeability and wettability are improved, and the breaking strength is almost unchanged. The CCT test showed that the thermal radiation flux was 50 kW/m2, the PHRR value of PAM flame retardant material was 10.64552 kW/m2, the THR was 6.9 MJ/m2, and the flame retardant performance was excellent. The PAM flame retardant material prepared in this project can be applied to the fire scene and directly sprayed on the outside of the clothing of rescuers and recipients, giving the fabric a better thermal protection effect. It can also be used to extinguish fires in the external environment. This material offers a novel solution for enhancing fire rescuers' and victims' safety protection levels.
{"title":"PAM material that instantly gives ordinary fabrics excellent flame retardant and thermal insulation properties for fire rescue","authors":"Bibo Zhou , Xiaoming Zhao , Yuanjun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To effectively reduce the damage caused by flame burns or heat transfer to the human body during fire, we used PAM aqueous solution as the matrix, XG as the thickener, HPMC as the water-retaining agent to form the basic material system, and added different functional particles (APP, PTW, HCB) to prepare a fire-proof and heat-insulating PAM flame-retardant material for fire emergency rescue. Ordinary cotton fabrics were impregnated into PAM flame-retardant materials using a simple impregnation process. After the impregnation, the test was performed in a non-dropping state (simulating the thermal protection effect of PAM flame retardant materials directly acting on the outside of the human body at the fire scene). The results show that the PAM flame retardant material prepared by adding 4 wt% HCB has the best comprehensive performance. TPP test shows that spraying PAM flame retardant material on the outside of the fabric can instantly give the fabric a higher thermal protection performance. Under the total heat flux of 84 kW/m<sup>2</sup>, the thermal performance protection value of the fabric is 2641.8 kW s/m<sup>2</sup>, and the second-degree burn time can reach 31.45 s. PAM flame retardant material does not damage the fabric. After soaping, the air permeability of the fabric decreases slightly, the moisture permeability and wettability are improved, and the breaking strength is almost unchanged. The CCT test showed that the thermal radiation flux was 50 kW/m<sup>2</sup>, the PHRR value of PAM flame retardant material was 10.64552 kW/m<sup>2</sup>, the THR was 6.9 MJ/m<sup>2</sup>, and the flame retardant performance was excellent. The PAM flame retardant material prepared in this project can be applied to the fire scene and directly sprayed on the outside of the clothing of rescuers and recipients, giving the fabric a better thermal protection effect. It can also be used to extinguish fires in the external environment. This material offers a novel solution for enhancing fire rescuers' and victims' safety protection levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100535"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-20DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100534
Yi Gao , Qian Yang , Li Ma , Tian Li , Qing Qi , Tian Yang , Fanbin Meng
Nowadays, multifunctional detection systems and reverse detection technologies play a dominant role in military reconnaissance and stealth gaming operations. Therefore, stealth technology, as the most powerful means of reverse detection, has increasingly become a research hot spot. In particular, when the detection weapons are equipped with radar and infrared detection, how to achieve effective compatibility of stealth to minimize the loss and the success of military operations is still a major challenge in current research. Therefore, this review provides an indepth discussion and distinction between the mechanisms of radar and infrared detection technologies, respectively, while emphasizing the technical challenges involved in achieving compatible stealth. Besides, the review explores the microwave absorption and infrared stealth properties of innovative advanced nano-composites materials (MXene, graphene, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)) reported to date. Subsequently, the review analyzes the properties, structural design, and optimization strategies of recently reported compatible stealth materials, ranging from low-dimensional to high-dimensional structures, and discusses in detail the recent advances in compatible stealth materials. Finally, the review summarizes the advantages of developing various materials and structures in this promising field, providing a comprehensive overview of their potential and efficacy.
{"title":"Radar-infrared compatible stealth technology in advanced nano-composite materials: Mechanisms and structural optimization","authors":"Yi Gao , Qian Yang , Li Ma , Tian Li , Qing Qi , Tian Yang , Fanbin Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays, multifunctional detection systems and reverse detection technologies play a dominant role in military reconnaissance and stealth gaming operations. Therefore, stealth technology, as the most powerful means of reverse detection, has increasingly become a research hot spot. In particular, when the detection weapons are equipped with radar and infrared detection, how to achieve effective compatibility of stealth to minimize the loss and the success of military operations is still a major challenge in current research. Therefore, this review provides an indepth discussion and distinction between the mechanisms of radar and infrared detection technologies, respectively, while emphasizing the technical challenges involved in achieving compatible stealth. Besides, the review explores the microwave absorption and infrared stealth properties of innovative advanced nano-composites materials (MXene, graphene, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)) reported to date. Subsequently, the review analyzes the properties, structural design, and optimization strategies of recently reported compatible stealth materials, ranging from low-dimensional to high-dimensional structures, and discusses in detail the recent advances in compatible stealth materials. Finally, the review summarizes the advantages of developing various materials and structures in this promising field, providing a comprehensive overview of their potential and efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100534"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The far-infrared (FIR) spectrum, covering wavelengths from 20 to 1000 , presents significant challenges for the manipulation and detection of polarized light, especially in the short-wavelength FIR range of 20–100 . This study investigates the effectiveness of truncated pyramidal GaAs quantum dots in improving the absorption coefficient of polarized light within this range. Utilizing the finite difference method to obtain numerical solutions of the Schrödinger equation within the adiabatic approximation, we analyze the effects of various base shapes—equilateral hexagon, irregular hexagon, and equilateral triangle—on the optical absorption coefficients when subjected to an electric field with different directions and magnitudes. Our results reveal that triangular pyramidal quantum dots offer enhanced polarization sensitivity and greater tunability of absorption peaks compared to structures with other base shapes. Moreover, the direction of the applied electric field is crucial for tuning the absorption peaks in the desired range of FIR wavelength. These findings demonstrate the potential of truncated pyramidal GaAs quantum dots not only for improving sensing technologies but also for managing electromagnetic interference in advanced communication systems.
远红外线(FIR)光谱的波长从 20 微米到 1000 微米不等,这给偏振光的操纵和探测带来了重大挑战,尤其是在 20-100 微米的短波长 FIR 范围内。本研究探讨了截顶金字塔砷化镓量子点在改善该范围内偏振光吸收系数方面的有效性。利用有限差分法在绝热近似条件下获得薛定谔方程的数值解,我们分析了不同基底形状(四边形六角形、不规则六角形和等边三角形)在不同方向和大小的电场作用下对光吸收系数的影响。研究结果表明,与其他基底形状的结构相比,三角形金字塔量子点具有更高的偏振灵敏度和更强的吸收峰可调性。此外,外加电场的方向对于在所需的红外波长范围内调节吸收峰至关重要。这些研究结果表明,截顶金字塔砷化镓量子点不仅具有改进传感技术的潜力,还具有管理先进通信系统中电磁干扰的潜力。
{"title":"Enhanced polarization sensitivity and tunability in truncated pyramidal GaAs quantum dots for FIR applications","authors":"Suphawich Jindanate , Phatlada Sathongpaen , Attapon Amthong","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The far-infrared (FIR) spectrum, covering wavelengths from 20 to 1000 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>, presents significant challenges for the manipulation and detection of polarized light, especially in the short-wavelength FIR range of 20–100 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>. This study investigates the effectiveness of truncated pyramidal GaAs quantum dots in improving the absorption coefficient of polarized light within this range. Utilizing the finite difference method to obtain numerical solutions of the Schrödinger equation within the adiabatic approximation, we analyze the effects of various base shapes—equilateral hexagon, irregular hexagon, and equilateral triangle—on the optical absorption coefficients when subjected to an electric field with different directions and magnitudes. Our results reveal that triangular pyramidal quantum dots offer enhanced polarization sensitivity and greater tunability of absorption peaks compared to structures with other base shapes. Moreover, the direction of the applied electric field is crucial for tuning the absorption peaks in the desired range of FIR wavelength. These findings demonstrate the potential of truncated pyramidal GaAs quantum dots not only for improving sensing technologies but also for managing electromagnetic interference in advanced communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100533"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based antitumor strategies, particularly chemodynamic therapy, have garnered considerable attention. However, challenges such as difficulties in achieving deep penetration, relatively low H2O2 levels in the tumor microenvironment, the requirement for low pH by the Fenton reaction, and their short lifespan have impeded satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. Hence, we have developed a nanoplatform with enhanced permeability that not only generates significant amounts of ROS but also converts them into longer-lasting reactive nitrogen species (RNS), thereby improving tumor therapy efficacy. In our study, carbon dots were functionalized by doping with gold atoms and grafting nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) to form ACN, which exhibits glucose oxidase-like properties and enables laser-responsive NO release. ACN and indocyanine green (ICG) were then loaded onto MnO2 nanoflowers to form MnO2@AI. Upon arrival at the tumor site, MnO2 reacts with H2O2 and GSH, leading to its degradation and the subsequent release of ACN, which is characterized by three permeation-promoting properties: ultra-small size, positive charge, and NO content. In addition, ACN promotes H2O2 production through glucose metabolism and reduces pH, both of which enhance the Fenton-like reaction of MnO2, thereby amplifying ROS generation. The ICG in MnO2@AI enhances its photothermal properties, leading to the responsive release of NO from GSNO grafted onto ACN, which then reacts with the increased ROS to generate more toxic RNS. Collectively, the approach described herein offers substantial potential for advancing the treatment of malignant tumors.
{"title":"A highly permeable nanoplatform based on functionalized carbon dots for synergistic reactive oxygen/nitrogen species tumor therapy","authors":"Jiangyong Li, Qin Li, Qian Yang, Qi Tang, Xiaoyi Hu, Qing Liu, Liangke Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based antitumor strategies, particularly chemodynamic therapy, have garnered considerable attention. However, challenges such as difficulties in achieving deep penetration, relatively low H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> levels in the tumor microenvironment, the requirement for low pH by the Fenton reaction, and their short lifespan have impeded satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. Hence, we have developed a nanoplatform with enhanced permeability that not only generates significant amounts of ROS but also converts them into longer-lasting reactive nitrogen species (RNS), thereby improving tumor therapy efficacy. In our study, carbon dots were functionalized by doping with gold atoms and grafting nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) to form ACN, which exhibits glucose oxidase-like properties and enables laser-responsive NO release. ACN and indocyanine green (ICG) were then loaded onto MnO<sub>2</sub> nanoflowers to form MnO<sub>2</sub>@AI. Upon arrival at the tumor site, MnO<sub>2</sub> reacts with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and GSH, leading to its degradation and the subsequent release of ACN, which is characterized by three permeation-promoting properties: ultra-small size, positive charge, and NO content. In addition, ACN promotes H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production through glucose metabolism and reduces pH, both of which enhance the Fenton-like reaction of MnO<sub>2</sub>, thereby amplifying ROS generation. The ICG in MnO<sub>2</sub>@AI enhances its photothermal properties, leading to the responsive release of NO from GSNO grafted onto ACN, which then reacts with the increased ROS to generate more toxic RNS. Collectively, the approach described herein offers substantial potential for advancing the treatment of malignant tumors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100532"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100531
Akshay Arjun , H.B. Premkumar , Lalitha S. Jairam , S.C. Sharma , H. Nagabhushana , G.P. Darshan
The cracked tooth syndrome poses a significant challenge in dentistry, thereafter untreated cases often lead to severe complications, such as pulpitis or complete tooth fracture, ultimately contributing to tooth loss. However, the conventional diagnostic methods to visualize microcracks in the tooth suffer from severe drawbacks, such as inaccurate cold stimulation, discomfort with probing, impractical staining techniques, and difficulty in distinguishing harmless craze lines from pathological cracks. To address this challenge, for the first time, we are proposing a novel approach by utilizing luminescent Ba2ZnWO6:Eu3+ (3 mol %), K+ (1 wt %) nanophosphor for improved imaging and diagnosis of cracked tooth syndrome. Herein, the double perovskite structured Ba2ZnWO6:Eu3+ (1–11 mol %), M+ (M+ = Na, K, and Li (1 wt %)) nanophosphors were synthesized via the sonochemical route. The photoluminescence emission spectra of the prepared Ba2ZnWO6:Eu3+ (1–11 mol %) nanophosphors displaying distinct peaks at 583, 595, 613, 662, and 720 nm, which ascribed to transitions from state 5D0 to 7FJ (J = 1–4) state of the Eu3+ ions, respectively. By adopting a strategic charge compensation mechanism, the enhancement in the luminescence emission intensity of about 1.5-fold was achieved after co-doping K+ (1 wt %) with Ba2ZnWO6:Eu3+ (3 mol %) nanophosphor. The photometric studies of the phosphors portray their orange-red emission with excellent quantum efficiency (82.52 %), and color purity (∼ 99 %). The emission intensity was sustained up to 73.71 % at 473 K, indicating excellent thermal stability of the phosphor. The in vitro cytotoxicity assessments of the optimized nanophosphor demonstrated its biocompatibility on normal non-malignant oral fibroblasts. The visualized microcracks in the tooth using optimized Ba2ZnWO6:Eu3+ (3 mol %), K+ (1 wt %) nanophosphor under UV excitation of UV 365 and 395 nm light revealed the orientation of microcracks, crack width, depth of the crack, and microcrack branching without any stain. The aforementioned results demonstrated that the proposed methodology paves the way for a new avenue in dental imaging technology with the potential to revolutionize and improve patient care outcomes.
{"title":"Leveraging photosensitive and thermally stable luminescent Ba2ZnWO6:Eu3+, M+ (M+= Na, K , and Li) nanophosphor for targeted non-invasive and stain-free visualization of cracked tooth syndrome","authors":"Akshay Arjun , H.B. Premkumar , Lalitha S. Jairam , S.C. Sharma , H. Nagabhushana , G.P. Darshan","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cracked tooth syndrome poses a significant challenge in dentistry, thereafter untreated cases often lead to severe complications, such as pulpitis or complete tooth fracture, ultimately contributing to tooth loss. However, the conventional diagnostic methods to visualize microcracks in the tooth suffer from severe drawbacks, such as inaccurate cold stimulation, discomfort with probing, impractical staining techniques, and difficulty in distinguishing harmless craze lines from pathological cracks. To address this challenge, for the first time, we are proposing a novel approach by utilizing luminescent Ba<sub>2</sub>ZnWO<sub>6</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup> (3 mol %), K<sup>+</sup> (1 wt %) nanophosphor for improved imaging and diagnosis of cracked tooth syndrome. Herein, the double perovskite structured Ba<sub>2</sub>ZnWO<sub>6</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup> (1–11 mol %), M<sup>+</sup> (M<sup>+</sup> = Na, K, and Li (1 wt %)) nanophosphors were synthesized via the sonochemical route. The photoluminescence emission spectra of the prepared Ba<sub>2</sub>ZnWO<sub>6</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup> (1–11 mol %) nanophosphors displaying distinct peaks at 583, 595, 613, 662, and 720 nm, which ascribed to transitions from state <sup>5</sup>D<sub>0</sub> to <sup>7</sup>F<sub>J</sub> (J = 1–4) state of the Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions, respectively. By adopting a strategic charge compensation mechanism, the enhancement in the luminescence emission intensity of about 1.5-fold was achieved after co-doping K<sup>+</sup> (1 wt %) with Ba<sub>2</sub>ZnWO<sub>6</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup> (3 mol %) nanophosphor. The photometric studies of the phosphors portray their orange-red emission with excellent quantum efficiency (82.52 %), and color purity (∼ 99 %). The emission intensity was sustained up to 73.71 % at 473 K, indicating excellent thermal stability of the phosphor. The <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity assessments of the optimized nanophosphor demonstrated its biocompatibility on normal non-malignant oral fibroblasts. The visualized microcracks in the tooth using optimized Ba<sub>2</sub>ZnWO<sub>6</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup> (3 mol %), K<sup>+</sup> (1 wt %) nanophosphor under UV excitation of UV 365 and 395 nm light revealed the orientation of microcracks, crack width, depth of the crack, and microcrack branching without any stain. The aforementioned results demonstrated that the proposed methodology paves the way for a new avenue in dental imaging technology with the potential to revolutionize and improve patient care outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100531"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100523
Yang Yang , Xianhui Li , Cheng Xiang
The emerging of two-dimensional (2D) isoporous materials forwarded the applications of membrane materials in cutting-edge fields such as refined separation, atom uptake and single-molecule detection. The key to the design of these materials lies in the precise tailoring of the pore structures. This review presents the state-of-the-art advancements of 2D isoporous materials, highlights the construction of isoporous structures in 2D materials through the bottom-up and top-down synthesis strategies, and reviews various fabrication routes. It comprehensively summarizes the impact of interface selection, precursor design and post-processing on pore formation, pore geometry and edge structures. The feasibility of the material scale-up, current challenges and future development prospects are outlined.
{"title":"2D isoporous materials: From precursor molecular structures to post-processing methods","authors":"Yang Yang , Xianhui Li , Cheng Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emerging of two-dimensional (2D) isoporous materials forwarded the applications of membrane materials in cutting-edge fields such as refined separation, atom uptake and single-molecule detection. The key to the design of these materials lies in the precise tailoring of the pore structures. This review presents the state-of-the-art advancements of 2D isoporous materials, highlights the construction of isoporous structures in 2D materials through the bottom-up and top-down synthesis strategies, and reviews various fabrication routes. It comprehensively summarizes the impact of interface selection, precursor design and post-processing on pore formation, pore geometry and edge structures. The feasibility of the material scale-up, current challenges and future development prospects are outlined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100523"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100527
Lingqi Huang, Peipei Li, Chao Feng, Jing Zhang, Liyun Zhao, Jie Sun, Changhui Du, Wenjia Wang, Kuilong Li
The distinctive characteristics of anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) materials, including in-plane anisotropy of optical absorption and carrier mobility, render them exceptionally suitable for application in the field of polarization detection and as a novel platform for the polarization imaging. Meanwhile, the consolidation of diverse functionalities within a single photodetector is highly anticipated to meet the demands of some special scenarios. Herein, a novel ZrS3/ReSe2 van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructure device was successfully constructed to realize polarization-sensitive, self-powered, and broadband photodetection and imaging. Owing to the built-in electric field of the type-II band alignment within the heterojunction, the device achieves a self-powered photoresponse ranging from 300 to 980 nm, an ultralow dark currentt ∼1 pA, and a commendable rise/decay time of 0.35/0.28 ms. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that the self-driven photodetector possesses a polarization-sensitivity with a notable anisotropic ratio about 2.02 (1.98) under 490 nm (980 nm) light illumination with zero bias, coupled with an excellent repeatability and stability. Furthermore, we also demonstrate the polarization imaging capabilities of the device in visible and near-infrared spectrum, realizing a contrast-enhanced degree of linear polarization imaging. This work paves a new platform to develop heterojunction photodetectors for high performance polarization-sensitive photodetection and next-generation polarized imaging.
各向异性二维(2D)材料的独特特性,包括光学吸收和载流子迁移率的面内各向异性,使其特别适合应用于偏振检测领域,并成为偏振成像的新型平台。同时,在单个光电探测器中整合多种功能以满足一些特殊应用场景的需求也备受期待。在此,我们成功构建了一种新型 ZrS3/ReSe2 范德瓦耳斯(vdWs)异质结构器件,以实现偏振敏感、自供电和宽带光电探测与成像。由于异质结内 II 型带排列的内置电场,该器件实现了从 300 纳米到 980 纳米的自供电光响应、超低暗电流 t ∼ 1 pA 以及值得称赞的 0.35/0.28 毫秒上升/衰减时间。此外,我们还证明了自驱动光电探测器具有偏振灵敏度,在 490 nm(980 nm)光照和零偏压条件下,各向异性比约为 2.02(1.98),同时具有出色的重复性和稳定性。此外,我们还展示了该装置在可见光和近红外光谱下的偏振成像能力,实现了对比度增强的线性偏振成像。这项工作为开发用于高性能偏振敏感光探测和下一代偏振成像的异质结光电探测器铺平了新的平台。
{"title":"High performance self-driven broadband photodetector for polarized imaging based on novel ZrS3/ReSe2 van der Waals heterojunction","authors":"Lingqi Huang, Peipei Li, Chao Feng, Jing Zhang, Liyun Zhao, Jie Sun, Changhui Du, Wenjia Wang, Kuilong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The distinctive characteristics of anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) materials, including in-plane anisotropy of optical absorption and carrier mobility, render them exceptionally suitable for application in the field of polarization detection and as a novel platform for the polarization imaging. Meanwhile, the consolidation of diverse functionalities within a single photodetector is highly anticipated to meet the demands of some special scenarios. Herein, a novel ZrS<sub>3</sub>/ReSe<sub>2</sub> van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructure device was successfully constructed to realize polarization-sensitive, self-powered, and broadband photodetection and imaging. Owing to the built-in electric field of the type-II band alignment within the heterojunction, the device achieves a self-powered photoresponse ranging from 300 to 980 nm, an ultralow dark currentt ∼1 pA, and a commendable rise/decay time of 0.35/0.28 ms. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that the self-driven photodetector possesses a polarization-sensitivity with a notable anisotropic ratio about 2.02 (1.98) under 490 nm (980 nm) light illumination with zero bias, coupled with an excellent repeatability and stability. Furthermore, we also demonstrate the polarization imaging capabilities of the device in visible and near-infrared spectrum, realizing a contrast-enhanced degree of linear polarization imaging. This work paves a new platform to develop heterojunction photodetectors for high performance polarization-sensitive photodetection and next-generation polarized imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100527"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100528
Xiaoli Wang , Juhua Luo , Huajun Zhao , Yuhan Wu , Xing Liu , Yu Xie
To achieve low-frequency and broadband electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA), building excellent metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived EMWA materials is critical but remains challenging. In this research, La2O3/La2O2CN2/Fe/N-doped carbon (LFC) composites with different compositions were synthesized by adjusting the La3+ content to tune the electromagnetic parameters. As the La3+ content increased, the EMWA performance showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. As a result, LFC-2 achieved a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) value of −60.82 dB at a thickness of 2.60 mm when the molar ratio of La3+ to Fe3+ was 1: 1, along with an effective absorption bandwidth value of 5.76 GHz (9.84–15.60 GHz) at 2.29 mm. Moreover, the EMWA performance of LFC-3 at low-frequency (4.08 GHz) was enhanced when the La³⁺ to Fe³⁺ molar ratio was 2: 1, with an RLmin value of −47.47 dB. Comprehensive characterizations suggested that the formation of the La2O2CN2 phase played an indispensable role in optimizing impedance matching and enhancing magnetic loss and dielectric loss. In addition, La3+ had a high coordination number, which effectively regulated the electromagnetic parameters. Concurrently, radar cross-section simulation results confirmed the outstanding EMWA capability of the LFC coating. This work proposed a strategy for LaFe-MOFs derivatives, shedding light on the foundation for designing more efficient low-frequency and broadband absorbent materials.
{"title":"LaFe-MOFs derivatives with different compositions for boosting low-frequency and broadband electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Xiaoli Wang , Juhua Luo , Huajun Zhao , Yuhan Wu , Xing Liu , Yu Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To achieve low-frequency and broadband electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA), building excellent metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived EMWA materials is critical but remains challenging. In this research, La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CN<sub>2</sub>/Fe/N-doped carbon (LFC) composites with different compositions were synthesized by adjusting the La<sup>3+</sup> content to tune the electromagnetic parameters. As the La<sup>3+</sup> content increased, the EMWA performance showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. As a result, LFC-2 achieved a minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) value of −60.82 dB at a thickness of 2.60 mm when the molar ratio of La<sup>3+</sup> to Fe<sup>3+</sup> was 1: 1, along with an effective absorption bandwidth value of 5.76 GHz (9.84–15.60 GHz) at 2.29 mm. Moreover, the EMWA performance of LFC-3 at low-frequency (4.08 GHz) was enhanced when the La³⁺ to Fe³⁺ molar ratio was 2: 1, with an RL<sub>min</sub> value of −47.47 dB. Comprehensive characterizations suggested that the formation of the La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CN<sub>2</sub> phase played an indispensable role in optimizing impedance matching and enhancing magnetic loss and dielectric loss. In addition, La<sup>3+</sup> had a high coordination number, which effectively regulated the electromagnetic parameters. Concurrently, radar cross-section simulation results confirmed the outstanding EMWA capability of the LFC coating. This work proposed a strategy for LaFe-MOFs derivatives, shedding light on the foundation for designing more efficient low-frequency and broadband absorbent materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100528"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100530
Xinghan Huang , Ximing Zhang , Guoke Wei , Hang Zhang , Shujuan Tan , Guangbin Ji
The stealth materials for future weapons and equipment need to operate within the radar working band, be lightweight, easy to process, and compatible with infrared stealth. Integrating all these characteristics poses a significant challenge. This work utilizes poly (ether-ether-ketone)/carbon fibers (PEEK/CF) composite materials and employed reverse-guided manufacturing through simulation design. Incorporating a grid structure within the pyramid metamaterial enables electromagnetic wave reflecting multiple times in various directions. By optimizing the important interaction between dielectric properties of the materials structures,the Pyramid Grid Filled Metamaterial enables broadband electromagnetic wave absorption (<-10 dB, 8–18 GHz), weak angular dependence (5- 45o incidence), polarization insensitivity, radar cross section (RCS) reduction (reduction over 10 dB between θ = −60° and 60°), and infrared camouflage performance. The PGF metamaterial of 180◊180 mm2, weighs only 103.1 g at a thickness of 9 mm. This work paves a way for the design the radar infrared compatible composite metamaterials.
{"title":"3D printed PEEK/CF nanocomposites metamaterial for enhanced resonances toward microwave absorption and compatible camouflage","authors":"Xinghan Huang , Ximing Zhang , Guoke Wei , Hang Zhang , Shujuan Tan , Guangbin Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2024.100530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stealth materials for future weapons and equipment need to operate within the radar working band, be lightweight, easy to process, and compatible with infrared stealth. Integrating all these characteristics poses a significant challenge. This work utilizes poly (ether-ether-ketone)/carbon fibers (PEEK/CF) composite materials and employed reverse-guided manufacturing through simulation design. Incorporating a grid structure within the pyramid metamaterial enables electromagnetic wave reflecting multiple times in various directions. By optimizing the important interaction between dielectric properties of the materials structures,the Pyramid Grid Filled Metamaterial enables broadband electromagnetic wave absorption (<-10 dB, 8–18 GHz), weak angular dependence (5- 45<sup>o</sup> incidence), polarization insensitivity, radar cross section (RCS) reduction (reduction over 10 dB between θ = −60° and 60°), and infrared camouflage performance. The PGF metamaterial of 180◊180 mm<sup>2</sup>, weighs only 103.1 g at a thickness of 9 mm. This work paves a way for the design the radar infrared compatible composite metamaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100530"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}