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Effects of antioxidant supplementation on bone mineral density, bone mineral content and bone structure in healthy men during 60 days of 6° head-down tilt bed rest: Results from a randomised controlled trial. 抗氧化剂补充对健康男性6°上下倾斜卧床60天期间骨密度、骨矿物质含量和骨结构的影响:一项随机对照试验的结果
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12619
Katharina Austermann, Natalie Baecker, Sara R Zwart, Rolf Fimmers, Peter Stehle, Scott M Smith, Martina Heer

Dietary countermeasures to mitigate detrimental spaceflight-induced effects on bone health would alleviate the requirements and the consequences imposed by other types of countermeasures for this risk. We hypothesised that antioxidant supplementation during 60 days of 6° head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR), an analogue of spaceflight, would have a protective effect on bone mineral density (BMD), content (BMC) and bone structure parameters. An exploratory, randomised, controlled, single-blind intervention trial was conducted in a parallel design with 20 healthy male volunteers (age 34 ± 8 y, weight 74 ± 6 kg). The study included 14 days of baseline data collection (BDC) before bed rest, followed by 60 days of HDBR and a 14-day recovery period. Ten subjects in the antioxidant group received a supplement (741 mg/d polyphenols, 2.1 g/d omega-3 fatty acids, 168 mg/d vitamin E and 80 μg/d selenium) daily. Ten subjects in the control group received no supplement. The diet was consistent with dietary reference intakes, individually tailored based on the subject's bodyweight and strictly controlled. We measured whole-body, lumbar spine and femur BMD and BMC, as well as BMD of the cortical and trabecular compartments of the distal radius and tibia, and cortical and trabecular thickness during BDC, HDBR and recovery. Data were analysed using linear mixed models. The supplementation of an antioxidant cocktail did not mitigate the deteriorating effects of HDBR on BMD, BMC and bone structure parameters. Our findings do not support a recommendation for antioxidant supplementation for astronauts.

为减轻航天飞行对骨骼健康造成的有害影响而采取的饮食对策将减轻针对这一风险采取的其他类型对策的要求和后果。我们假设,在类似于太空飞行的6°俯卧床休息(HDBR)的60天内补充抗氧化剂,将对骨矿物质密度(BMD)、含量(BMC)和骨结构参数产生保护作用。本研究采用平行设计,对20名健康男性志愿者(年龄34±8岁,体重74±6 kg)进行探索性、随机、对照、单盲干预试验。该研究包括卧床休息前14天的基线数据收集(BDC),随后60天的HDBR和14天的恢复期。抗氧化剂组的10名受试者每天补充741毫克/天的多酚、2.1克/天的omega-3脂肪酸、168毫克/天的维生素E和80微克/天的硒。对照组10名受试者未接受任何补充。饮食与饮食参考摄入量一致,根据受试者的体重量身定制,并严格控制。我们测量了全身、腰椎和股骨的骨密度和BMC,以及桡骨远端和胫骨的皮质和小梁间室的骨密度,以及在BDC、HDBR和恢复期间的皮质和小梁厚度。数据采用线性混合模型进行分析。抗氧化混合物的补充并没有减轻HDBR对骨密度、BMC和骨结构参数的恶化作用。我们的发现不支持给宇航员补充抗氧化剂的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of a daily legume-based meal on dietary and nutritional intake in a group of omnivorous adults. 一组杂食性成年人每日豆类餐对饮食和营养摄入的影响。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12613
Helena Ferreira, Marta Vasconcelos, Ana M Gil, Beatriz Oliveira, Elisete Varandas, Eugénia Vilela, Kimhuong Say, Joana Silveira, Elisabete Pinto

Adopting eco-friendly diets will demand the consumption of more plant-based protein food sources such as legumes. However, assessing the impact of such a dietary shift on the dietary and nutritional intake of traditionally omnivorous populations is needed. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of substituting a traditional omnivorous-based lunch for a vegetarian, legume-based meal on the daily dietary and nutritional intake in a group of omnivorous adults in the city of Porto, Portugal. Nineteen, non-vegetarian, healthy young adults consumed a vegetarian, legume-based meal from Monday to Friday, for 8 consecutive weeks. Socio-demographic data, health status, lifestyle-related information and anthropometric parameters were recorded. Three-day food records were used to collect food intake at baseline and week 8. European Food Safety Authority and World Health Organization reference values were used to assess nutritional inadequacies. Variables were described as medians (P25 and P75 ). Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical comparisons. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Participants consumed 38.0 (P25  = 35.0; P75  = 40.0) meals, resulting in an intake of 84.5 g (P25  = 74.9; P75  = 98.4) of cooked legumes per meal, meaning 11 subjects (57.9%) met the Portuguese guidelines for legume consumption (≥80 g/day of legumes). The current dietary intervention did not seem to aggravate the prevalence of nutritional inadequacies for the macro- and micronutrients tested, except for the case of vitamin B12 (52.6% [95% CI: 28.9-75.6] vs. 78.9% [95% CI: 54.4-94.0]). This could be linked to the reduction of dietary sources of this vitamin which is an expected consequence of vegetarian meals. Dietary changes towards grain legume-based diets are desirable yet need to be carefully implemented to prevent exacerbating potential nutrient inadequacies, especially of vitamin B12 .

采用环保饮食将需要消费更多的植物性蛋白质食物来源,如豆类。然而,评估这种饮食转变对传统杂食性人群的饮食和营养摄入的影响是必要的。本研究的目的是评估在葡萄牙波尔图市的一群杂食性成年人中,用素食、豆类为主的午餐代替传统的杂食性午餐对日常饮食和营养摄入的影响。19名非素食、健康的年轻人从周一到周五连续8周吃素食、豆类为主的食物。记录社会人口统计数据、健康状况、生活方式相关信息和人体测量参数。三天的饮食记录用于收集基线和第8周的食物摄入量。欧洲食品安全局和世界卫生组织的参考值被用来评估营养不足。变量描述为中位数(P25和P75)。采用Wilcoxon sign -rank检验和Mann-Whitney检验进行统计比较。p值为25 = 35.0;P75 = 40.0)的膳食,因此摄入量为84.5 g (P25 = 74.9;P75 = 98.4),这意味着11名受试者(57.9%)符合葡萄牙豆类消费指南(≥80 g/天豆类)。除了维生素B12 (52.6% [95% CI: 28.9-75.6] vs. 78.9% [95% CI: 54.4-94.0])外,目前的饮食干预似乎并未加剧所测试的宏量和微量营养素营养不足的患病率。这可能与减少这种维生素的饮食来源有关,这是素食的预期结果。以谷物豆类为基础的饮食改变是可取的,但需要仔细实施,以防止加剧潜在的营养不足,特别是维生素B12的不足。
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引用次数: 0
Anaemia in adolescent women: A priority for the nutrition agenda in Mexico. A comparison of data from the ENSANUT 2012 and 2018-2019 surveys. 青少年妇女贫血:墨西哥营养议程的优先事项。ENSANUT 2012年和2018-2019年调查数据的比较。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12614
Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez, Edith Y Kim-Herrera, Amado D Quezada-Sánchez, Mónica Venosa López, Selene Pacheco-Miranda, Teresa Shamah-Levy, Anabelle Bonvecchio Arenas, Armando García Guerra, Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora

The risk of anaemia in adolescence increases due to accelerated growth. This study aims to: (1) estimate the prevalence of anaemia in 2012 and 2018-2019 (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutricion - ENSANUT [n = 5841 in 2012 and n = 2380 in 2018-2019]) in non-pregnant, Mexican adolescent women aged 12-19 years, and the changes in prevalence over this period according to sociodemographic, health and nutrition characteristics; (2) estimate the associations between anaemia and sociodemographic, health and nutrition characteristics in each year and overall, in non-pregnant Mexican adolescent women. Anaemia was defined as capillary haemoglobin <12 g/dL. The distribution of characteristics and their changes between 2012 and 2018-2019 were described. The covariate-adjusted prevalence of anaemia in 2012 and 2018-2019 and the changes over that period were estimated from a multiple log-binomial regression model and the factors associated with anaemia were assessed in each survey year and in both years combined. The prevalence of anaemia was 7.7% in 2012 and 13.1% in 2018-2019 (69% increase, Prevalence Ratio: PR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.35, 2.13). The covariate-adjusted prevalence of anaemia increased from 6.9% to 10.5% in the overall population (PR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.19, 1.96), and increased considerably in the age group 12-14 years (PR = 1.94, 95%CI: 1.36, 2.75), and in the northern region (PR = 3.68, 95%CI: 2.55, 5.32). Those receiving iron supplements or school breakfasts did not register a significant increase. A higher household wellbeing status and older age were associated with a lower prevalence of anaemia. Anaemia in non-pregnant adolescent women continues to be a public health problem. To improve the development and health of adolescent women in Mexico and to pave the way to a healthy pregnancy for the next generation, the causes of anaemia should be identified.

青春期贫血的风险由于生长加速而增加。本研究旨在:(1)估计2012年和2018-2019年(Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutricion - ENSANUT [n = 5841 2012年和n = 2380 2018-2019年])12-19岁墨西哥非怀孕少女的贫血患病率,并根据社会人口统计学、健康和营养特征估算此期间患病率的变化;(2)估计每年和总体上未怀孕的墨西哥少女贫血与社会人口、健康和营养特征之间的关系。贫血定义为毛细血管血红蛋白
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引用次数: 0
A comparison of diet quality and cardiovascular and inflammatory responses between aerobically trained male adults following either a long-term vegan or omnivorous dietary pattern. 在长期纯素或杂食饮食模式下进行有氧训练的成年男性之间的饮食质量和心血管和炎症反应的比较。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12615
Joel C Craddock, Yasmine C Probst, Elizabeth P Neale, Nicholas Geraghty, Gregory E Peoples

Vegan dietary patterns are increasingly being adopted by endurance athletes, yet research examining the influence of this dietary pattern on exercise-related physiology is limited. This pilot study, therefore, aimed to explore nutrient status, diet quality and cardiovascular and inflammatory responses in aerobically trained adult males following vegan and omnivorous dietary patterns during aerobic exercise. An incremental ramp running test was used to assess peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak ) in males aged 18-55 years, engaging in >4 h training/week. Exercise testing was performed during walking and steady-state running conditions (60% and 90% of VO2peak ). Participants were grouped by dietary pattern type and were equivalent for age, training volume and VO2peak . When compared to the omnivorous group (n = 8, age 35.6 years, VO2peak 55.7 mL/kg/min), the vegan group (n = 12, age 33.4 years, VO2peak 56.4 m/kg/min) consumed more energy from carbohydrates (p = 0.007), and less energy from protein (p = 0.001) while exhibiting a higher overall diet quality score (p = 0.008). No differences in inflammatory biomarkers were observed before or after running. Total red blood cell count, haemoglobin and haematocrit levels were lower in the vegan dietary group. In summary, aerobically trained males, following a long-term vegan diet, can tolerate a short bout of running broadly comparatively to their omnivore counterparts. More arduous endurance exercise conditions should be explored to further uncover potential outcomes of consuming a vegan dietary pattern and exercise-related physiology.

耐力运动员越来越多地采用纯素饮食模式,然而研究这种饮食模式对运动相关生理的影响是有限的。因此,本初步研究旨在探讨有氧训练的成年男性在有氧运动中遵循素食和杂食饮食模式的营养状况、饮食质量和心血管和炎症反应。采用渐进式坡道跑步试验评估18-55岁、每周训练>4小时的男性的峰值耗氧量(vo2峰值)。运动测试在步行和稳态跑步条件下进行(vo2峰值的60%和90%)。参与者按饮食模式类型分组,年龄、训练量和最大摄氧量相等。与杂食性组(n = 8,年龄35.6岁,VO2peak 55.7 mL/kg/min)相比,纯素食组(n = 12,年龄33.4岁,VO2peak 56.4 m/kg/min)从碳水化合物中消耗的能量更多(p = 0.007),从蛋白质中消耗的能量更少(p = 0.001),同时表现出更高的整体饮食质量评分(p = 0.008)。在跑步前后,炎症生物标志物没有观察到差异。纯素饮食组的总红细胞计数、血红蛋白和红细胞压积水平较低。总之,经过有氧训练的男性,在长期的纯素饮食之后,与杂食者相比,可以忍受短时间的长距离跑步。应该探索更艰苦的耐力运动条件,以进一步揭示食用纯素饮食模式和运动相关生理的潜在结果。
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引用次数: 1
Dietitians' and nutritionists' knowledge and views on aspects of health claims regulation in the UK: Do we inadvertently shoot the messenger? 营养师和营养学家对英国健康声明监管方面的知识和观点:我们是否无意中击中了信使?
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12616
Carrie Ruxton, Margaret Ashwell

Article 12(c) of the Nutrition and Health Claims Regulation (NHCR) prohibits authorised health claims in consumer-facing commercial communications which make reference to the recommendations of individual doctors or health professionals. However, this has been controversial amongst dietitians and nutritionists who work in commercial settings. Given the lack of empirical data, a survey was conducted amongst UK-based nutrition professionals to assess their knowledge of, and attitudes to, Article 12(c). The findings revealed confusion about the scope of the regulation and how it applies to working practices, with a considerable proportion of respondents being unable to recognise examples of commercial communications or health claims, indicating a need for additional training. There was also a broad interpretation of what nutrition professionals could, and could not, say about a hypothetical food product. This paper explores current guidance in Great Britain and debates the proportionality and fairness of Article 12(c), which, at present, does not regulate authorised health claims made by influencers or celebrities in commercial communications to consumers. It could be argued that consumers are better protected by the articulation of health claims by nutrition professionals who are guided by codes of practice rather than by unqualified, unregulated individuals. Hence, it is essential to level the regulatory playing field either by revising the NHCR to amend Article 12(c) or by updating the guidance to apply an interpretation of the Article's intention which enables a broader role for nutrition professionals in commercial communications. Such action would also be consistent with the UK's better regulation agenda to ensure evidence-based, proportionate regulation for industry.

《营养和健康声明条例》(NHCR)第12(c)条禁止在面向消费者的商业通信中引用个别医生或卫生专业人员的建议进行授权的健康声明。然而,这在在商业环境中工作的营养师和营养学家中一直存在争议。鉴于缺乏经验数据,在英国的营养专业人员中进行了一项调查,以评估他们对第12(c)条的知识和态度。调查结果显示,人们对条例的范围及其如何适用于工作做法感到困惑,相当比例的答复者无法识别商业通信或健康声明的例子,这表明需要进行额外培训。对于一种假设的食品,营养专家能说什么,不能说什么,也有一个宽泛的解释。本文探讨了英国目前的指导方针,并讨论了第12(c)条的比例性和公平性,该条款目前并未规范有影响力的人或名人在与消费者的商业沟通中所作的授权健康声明。可以说,由受行为准则指导的营养专业人员而不是由不合格、不受管制的个人来阐明健康声明,能更好地保护消费者。因此,必须通过修订NHCR来修改第12(c)条,或通过更新指南来适用对该条意图的解释,从而使营养专业人员在商业传播中发挥更广泛的作用,从而使监管竞争环境变得公平。此类行动也将与英国更好的监管议程相一致,以确保对行业进行循证、相称的监管。
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引用次数: 0
Conference Diary. 会议的日记。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12622
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引用次数: 0
Tackling inequalities in diet: A 20-year perspective. 解决饮食不平等:20年的视角。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12618
Alison Tedstone
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引用次数: 0
The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form is more effective in predicting clinical outcomes among hospitalised patients with overweight than the Nutritional Risk Screening-2002. 迷你营养评估-简表在预测超重住院患者的临床结果方面比营养风险筛查-2002更有效。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12608
Ana Jessica Pereira Bertini de Oliveira, Cassiana Regina de Goes, Carla Gonçalo Domiciano, Nathália Luíza Ferreira, Lívia Garcia Ferreira

Understanding of the association between nutritional risk and clinical outcomes in hospitalised patients with overweight is still at an early stage. Given the lack of specific tools for the patient with overweight, the objective of this study was to compare two of the main general screening instruments for assessing nutritional risk in predicting clinical outcomes in a population of hospitalised patients with overweight. A retrospective study was carried out in a medium-sized hospital in Brazil, with patients ≥20 years old admitted between July 2017 and December 2019. Patients who were overweight and had records of Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 (NRS-2002) and Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) in their medical files were included in the study. Clinical outcomes data (longer length of stay, readmission during the study period and mortality before the end of study or during hospitalisation) were obtained. The Kappa coefficient assessed agreement between both tools, and their performance for predicting outcomes was analysed using characteristic receiver operating curves (ROC). Data were collected from 643 patients. The prevalence of nutritional risk was 17.7% and 36.1% according to the NRS-2002 and MNA-SF (k = 0.390; p < 0.001), respectively. According to both tools, all clinical outcomes were significantly more common among individuals at nutritional risk (p < 0.05). Only the MNA-SF showed a significant percentage of predictions for readmission (57.2%) and death during hospitalisation (65.7%). For mortality until the end of the study, the area under the ROC curve was similar for MNA-SF (60.5%) and NRS-2002 (60.7%; p = 0.057). The MNA-SF detected a greater proportion of nutritional risk among hospitalised patients with overweight and better predicted all clinical outcomes compared to the NRS-2002 and should be used to screen patients with overweight for nutritional risk.

对住院超重患者营养风险与临床结果之间关系的了解仍处于早期阶段。鉴于缺乏针对超重患者的特定工具,本研究的目的是比较两种主要的通用筛查工具,以评估营养风险,预测住院超重患者的临床结果。在巴西一家中型医院进行了一项回顾性研究,2017年7月至2019年12月期间入院的患者年龄≥20岁。研究对象为有营养风险筛查-2002 (NRS-2002)和迷你营养评估-短表(MNA-SF)记录的超重患者。获得临床结果数据(更长的住院时间、研究期间的再入院以及研究结束前或住院期间的死亡率)。Kappa系数评估两种工具之间的一致性,并使用特征接收者工作曲线(ROC)分析其预测结果的性能。数据来自643名患者。根据NRS-2002和MNA-SF,营养风险患病率分别为17.7%和36.1% (k = 0.390;p
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引用次数: 1
Processing the evidence to evaluate mechanisms, costs and future solutions. 处理证据以评估机制、成本和未来解决方案。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12623
Ciarán G Forde
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引用次数: 1
Qualitative menu labelling in university restaurants and its influence on food choices: A systematic review and synthesis without meta-analysis. 大学餐厅的定性菜单标签及其对食物选择的影响:一项没有荟萃分析的系统综述和综合。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12612
Natalia Fogolari, Aretusa D Souza, Greyce L Bernardo, Paula L Uggioni, Renata C Oliveira, Vanessa M Rodrigues, Rossana P C Proença, Ana C Fernandes

Qualitative menu labelling can be defined as descriptive or non-numerical interpretive labels (e.g. traffic light labelling, healthy food symbols, messages or ingredient lists). Qualitative information seems to have a positive influence on consumers' food choices, particularly in institutional food service establishments, such as in universities. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the influence of different formats of qualitative menu labelling on food choices in university restaurants. This systematic review was guided by the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis (SWiM) and conducted vote counting of studies based on the direction of effect. Studies were retrieved from Cochrane Library, Scopus, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO and Web of Science databases and reference lists of selected articles. Experimental and quasi-experimental studies were included. Two independent researchers searched and extracted the data and assessed the methodological quality using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. From the initial search (460 records), four papers were selected, plus one paper identified in a previous study and a further six from an update search, totalling 11 included studies, reporting 14 different interventions (n = 499 174). Types of interventions included the use of symbols and the inclusion of traffic light labelling. Outcomes of interest were food choice, expressed as mean, median or percent healthy food choices or purchases. Qualitative menu labels increased healthy food choices and/or purchase behaviour, with 10 of 12 interventions favouring the intervention (83%; 95%CI 55-95%; p = 0.0386). Most of the studies favouring the intervention used healthy food symbols for healthier foods or food components, alone or in association with another intervention and were of moderate and weak quality. These findings may serve as a basis for the implementation of nutrition information policies in university restaurants.

定性菜单标签可定义为描述性或非数字解释性标签(例如交通灯标签、健康食品符号、信息或成分表)。定性信息似乎对消费者的食品选择有积极的影响,特别是在机构食品服务机构,如大学。本系统综述的目的是评估不同格式的定性菜单标签对大学餐厅食物选择的影响。本系统评价以系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目(PRISMA)和不含荟萃分析的综合(SWiM)为指导,并根据效应方向对研究进行计票。研究从Cochrane Library、Scopus、MEDLINE、LILACS、SciELO和Web of Science数据库和选定文章的参考文献列表中检索。包括实验和准实验研究。两名独立研究人员检索和提取数据,并使用有效公共卫生实践项目(EPHPP)定量研究质量评估工具评估方法学质量。从最初的检索(460条记录)中,选择了4篇论文,加上在先前研究中确定的1篇论文和从更新检索中确定的另外6篇论文,总共纳入了11项研究,报告了14种不同的干预措施(n = 499 174)。干预措施的类型包括使用符号和交通灯标签。感兴趣的结果是食物选择,以健康食品选择或购买的平均值、中位数或百分比表示。定性菜单标签增加了健康食品的选择和/或购买行为,12项干预措施中有10项支持干预措施(83%;95%可信区间55 - 95%;p = 0.0386)。大多数支持干预的研究使用健康食品符号来表示更健康的食品或食品成分,单独或与另一种干预相结合,并且质量中等和较弱。这些发现可以作为在大学餐厅实施营养信息政策的依据。
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引用次数: 2
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Nutrition Bulletin
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