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The co-benefits of active travel interventions beyond physical activity: a systematic review 积极出行干预措施在体育活动之外的共同效益:系统性综述。
IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00201-8
Prof Ding Ding PhD , Mengyun Luo PhD , Maria Florencia Petrelli Infante MSc , Lucy Gunn PhD , Deborah Salvo PhD , Belen Zapata-Diomedi PhD , Prof Ben Smith PhD , Prof William Bellew PhD , Prof Adrian Bauman PhD , Tracy Nau BSc , Binh Nguyen PhD
Active travel is a widely recognised strategy for promoting active living but its co-benefits beyond increasing physical activity, such as broader health, environmental, and social benefits, have rarely been synthesised. We conducted a systematic review to examine the co-benefits of active travel interventions. Following a preregistered protocol (PROSPERO CRD42022359059), we identified 80 studies for the search period from Jan 1, 2000, to Sept 13, 2022. Across studies, there was consistent evidence that active travel interventions offered co-benefits beyond physical activity. Particularly, 25 (71%) of 35 studies favoured improved safety outcomes, 20 (67%) of 30 showed improved health, 17 (85%) of 20 supported economic benefits, 16 (84%) of 19 highlighted improved transport quality, 12 (92%) of 13 showed environmental benefits, and four (80%) of five documented social benefits. Despite the overall low-certainty evidence, mostly limited by the quasi-experimental design and natural-experimental design of many of the studies, active travel interventions offer unique opportunities to engage stakeholders across sectors to jointly address major societal issues, such as physical inactivity, traffic safety, and carbon emissions. This evidence can inform the design, implementation, and evaluation of active travel interventions.
积极出行是一种广受认可的促进积极生活的策略,但其除了增加身体活动之外的共同效益,如更广泛的健康、环境和社会效益,却很少被综合考虑。我们对积极出行干预措施的共同效益进行了系统性研究。按照预先登记的协议(PROSPERO CRD42022359059),我们在 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 9 月 13 日的检索期内确定了 80 项研究。在所有研究中,有一致的证据表明,积极出行干预措施提供了体育活动以外的共同效益。特别是,35 项研究中的 25 项(71%)倾向于改善安全结果,30 项研究中的 20 项(67%)显示了健康状况的改善,20 项研究中的 17 项(85%)支持经济效益,19 项研究中的 16 项(84%)强调了交通质量的改善,13 项研究中的 12 项(92%)显示了环境效益,5 项研究中的 4 项(80%)记录了社会效益。尽管总体上证据的确定性较低,主要受限于许多研究的准实验设计和自然实验设计,但积极出行干预措施提供了独特的机会,让各部门的利益相关者参与进来,共同解决重大的社会问题,如缺乏运动、交通安全和碳排放等。这些证据可以为积极出行干预措施的设计、实施和评估提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
A just world on a safe planet: a Lancet Planetary Health–Earth Commission report on Earth-system boundaries, translations, and transformations 安全星球上的公正世界:柳叶刀行星健康-地球委员会关于地球系统边界、转换和变革的报告。
IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00042-1
Prof Joyeeta Gupta PhD , Prof Xuemei Bai PhD , Prof Diana M Liverman PhD , Prof Johan Rockström PhD , Prof Dahe Qin PhD , Ben Stewart-Koster PhD , Juan C Rocha PhD , Lisa Jacobson MSc , Jesse F Abrams PhD , Lauren S Andersen PhD , David I Armstrong McKay PhD , Prof Govindasamy Bala PhD , Prof Stuart E Bunn PhD , Daniel Ciobanu MSc , Fabrice DeClerck PhD , Prof Kristie L Ebi PhD , Lauren Gifford PhD , Prof Christopher Gordon PhD , Syezlin Hasan PhD , Prof Norichika Kanie PhD , Giuliana Gentile MSc
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引用次数: 0
Environmentally sustainable prescribing: recommendations for EU pharmaceutical legislation 环境可持续处方:欧盟药品立法建议。
IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00230-4
Joost D Piët , Amy Booth , Erik M Donker , Fabrizio de Ponti , Carlotta Lunghi , Elisabetta Poluzzi , Ben J A Janssen , SanYuMay Tun , Charlotte Bekker , Lorena Dima , João Costa , Mathilde Jalving , Thijs H Oude Munnink , Patricia M L A van den Bemt , Marc Labriffe , Tomás van Emden , Vera van Waardenburg , Robert Likic , Milan Richir , Michiel A van Agtmael , Jelle Tichelaar
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引用次数: 0
A New Dawn for Air Quality in Brazil 巴西空气质量的新曙光。
IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00203-1
Ronan Adler Tavella , Fernando Rafael de Moura , Simone Georges El Khouri Miraglia , Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior
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引用次数: 0
Co-benefits of climate change mitigation for infectious disease control 减缓气候变化对传染病控制的共同效益。
IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00237-7
Jan C Semenza , Joacim Rocklöv
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引用次数: 0
Effect of heat stress in the first 1000 days of life on fetal and infant growth: a secondary analysis of the ENID randomised controlled trial 出生后 1000 天内的热应激对胎儿和婴儿生长的影响:ENID 随机对照试验的二次分析。
IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00208-0
Ana Bonell PhD , Prof Ana M Vicedo-Cabrera PhD , Giovenale Moirano PhD , Bakary Sonko BSc , David Jeffries PhD , Prof Sophie E Moore PhD , Prof Andy Haines F Med Sci , Prof Andrew M Prentice PhD , Prof Kris A Murray PhD
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The intersecting crises of climate change, food insecurity, and undernutrition disproportionately affect children. Understanding the effect of heat on growth from conception to 2 years of age is important because of mortality and morbidity implications in the near term and over the life course.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this secondary analysis, we used longitudinal pregnancy cohort data from the Early Nutrition and Immunity Development (ENID) randomised controlled trial in West Kiang, The Gambia, which occurred between Jan 20, 2010, and Feb 10, 2015. The ENID trial assessed micronutrient supplementation in the first 1000 days of life starting from 20 weeks’ gestation, during which anthropometric measurements were collected prospectively. We used multivariable linear regression to assess the effect of heat stress (defined by Universal Thermal Climate Index [UTCI]) on intrauterine growth restriction based on length-for-gestational age Z score (LGAZ), weight-for-gestational age Z score (WGAZ), and head circumference-for-gestational age Z score (HCGAZ) at birth, and assessed for effect modification of supplement intervention on the relationship between heat stress and infant anthropometry. We used multivariable, multilevel linear regression to evaluate the effect of heat stress on infant growth postnatally based on weight-for-height Z score (WHZ), weight-for-age Z score (WAZ), and height-for-age Z score (HAZ) from 0 to 2 years of age.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Complete data were available for 668 livebirth outcomes (329 [49%] female infants and 339 [51%] male infants). With each 1°C increase in mean daily maximum UTCI exposure, in the first trimester, we observed a reduction in WGAZ (–0·04 [95% CI –0·09 to 0·00]), whereas in the third trimester, we observed an increase in HCGAZ (0·06 [95% CI 0·00 to 0·12]), although 95% CIs included 0. Maternal protein-energy supplementation in the third trimester was associated with reduced WGAZ (–0·16 [–0·30 to –0·02]) with each 1°C increase in mean daily maximum UTCI exposure, while no effect of heat stress on WGAZ was found with either standard care (iron and folate) or multiple micronutrient supplementation. For the postnatal analysis, complete anthropometric data at 2 years were available for 645 infants (316 [49%] female infants and 329 [51%] male infants). Postnatally, heat stress effect varied by infant age, with infants aged 6–18 months being the most affected. In infants aged 12 months exposed to a mean daily UTCI of 30°C (preceding 90-day period) versus 25°C UTCI, we observed reductions in mean WHZ (–0·43 [95% CI –0·57 to –0·29]) and mean WAZ (–0·35 [95% CI –0·45 to –0·26]). We observed a marginal increase in HAZ with increasing heat stress exposure at age 6 months, but no effect at older ages.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Our results suggest that heat stress impacts prenatal and postnatal growth up to 2 years of age but sensitivity mig
背景:气候变化、粮食不安全和营养不良等危机相互交织,对儿童的影响尤为严重。了解热量对受孕至 2 岁儿童生长的影响非常重要,因为热量会在短期内和整个生命过程中对死亡率和发病率产生影响:在这项二次分析中,我们使用了来自冈比亚西基昂早期营养与免疫发展(ENID)随机对照试验的纵向孕期队列数据,该试验发生在 2010 年 1 月 20 日至 2015 年 2 月 10 日之间。ENID试验评估了从妊娠20周开始的生命最初1000天的微量营养素补充情况,在此期间对人体测量数据进行了前瞻性收集。我们采用多变量线性回归评估了热应激(以通用热气候指数[UTCI]定义)对宫内生长受限的影响,该影响基于出生时胎龄身长Z值(LGAZ)、胎龄体重Z值(WGAZ)和胎龄头围Z值(HCGAZ),并评估了补充剂干预对热应激与婴儿人体测量之间关系的影响修正。我们使用多变量、多层次线性回归法评估了热应激对婴儿出生后生长的影响,其依据是婴儿0至2岁期间的体重身高Z值(WHZ)、体重年龄Z值(WAZ)和身高年龄Z值(HAZ):668 名活产婴儿(329 名[49%]女婴和 339 名[51%]男婴)的完整数据。UTCI日平均最高暴露温度每升高1°C,在妊娠的前三个月,我们观察到WGAZ下降(-0-04 [95% CI -0-09 to 0-00]),而在妊娠的后三个月,我们观察到HCGAZ上升(0-06 [95% CI 0-00 to 0-12]),尽管95% CI包括0.5°C。母体在妊娠三个月内补充蛋白质能量与日平均最高UTCI暴露温度每升高1°C,WGAZ降低(-0-16 [-0-30 to -0-02])有关,而标准护理(铁和叶酸)或多种微量营养素补充均未发现热应激对WGAZ的影响。在产后分析中,645 名婴儿(316 名[49%]女婴和 329 名[51%]男婴)2 岁时的人体测量数据完整。产后热应激的影响因婴儿年龄而异,6-18 个月的婴儿受影响最大。在 12 个月大的婴儿中,暴露于 30°C 的日平均 UTCI(前 90 天期间)与 25°C 的 UTCI 相比,我们观察到平均 WHZ(-0-43 [95% CI -0-57 to -0-29])和平均 WAZ(-0-35 [95% CI -0-45 to -0-26])降低。我们观察到,在 6 个月大时,随着热应激暴露程度的增加,HAZ 略有增加,但在较大年龄时则没有影响:我们的研究结果表明,热应激会影响2岁以内的产前和产后生长,但敏感性可能因年龄而异。在地球迅速变暖的背景下,这些发现可能会对个人健康产生短期和长期影响,并对公共儿童健康产生近期和未来的影响:惠康基金会。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to Lancet Planet Health 2022; 6: e243-56. 柳叶刀星球健康》2022;6:e243-56 更正。
IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00233-X
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引用次数: 0
Planetary Health and Disaster Risk Reduction: the Sendai Framework at its Midpoint 行星健康与减少灾害风险:仙台框架的中点。
IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00200-6
Liz Willetts
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引用次数: 0
Planetary Health Research Digest 行星健康研究摘要
IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00211-0
Cahal McQuillan
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引用次数: 0
Risks of infectious disease hospitalisations in the aftermath of tropical cyclones: a multi-country time-series study 热带气旋过后传染病住院风险:多国时间序列研究
IF 24.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00158-X
Wenzhong Huang MPH , Thomas Vogt PhD , Jinah Park MPH , Zhengyu Yang MPH , Prof Elizabeth A Ritchie PhD , Rongbin Xu PhD , Yiwen Zhang MPH , Prof Simon Hales PhD , Wenhua Yu MPH , Samuel Hundessa PhD , Christian Otto PhD , Pei Yu PhD , Yanming Liu PhD , Ke Ju MSc , Prof Eric Lavigne PhD , Tingting Ye MSc , Bo Wen MSc , Yao Wu MSc , Wissanupong Kliengchuay PhD , Prof Kraichat Tantrakarnapa PhD , Prof Yuming Guo PhD
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The proportion of intense tropical cyclones is expected to increase in a changing climate. However, there is currently no consistent and comprehensive assessment of infectious disease risk following tropical cyclone exposure across countries and over decades. We aimed to explore the tropical cyclone-associated hospitalisation risks and burden for cause-specific infectious diseases on a multi-country scale.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Hospitalisation records for infectious diseases were collected from six countries and territories (Canada, South Korea, New Zealand, Taiwan, Thailand, and Viet Nam) during various periods between 2000 and 2019. The days with tropical cyclone-associated maximum sustained windspeeds of 34 knots or higher derived from a parametric wind field model were considered as tropical cyclone exposure days. The association of monthly infectious diseases hospitalisations and tropical cyclone exposure days was first examined at location level using a distributed lag non-linear quasi-Poisson regression model, and then pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. The tropical cyclone-attributable number and fraction of infectious disease hospitalisations were also calculated.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Overall, 2·2 million people who were hospitalised for infectious diseases in 179 locations that had at least one tropical cyclone exposure day in the six countries and territories were included in the analysis. The elevated hospitalisation risks for infectious diseases associated with tropical cyclones tended to dissipate 2 months after the tropical cyclone exposure. Overall, each additional tropical cyclone day was associated with a 9% (cumulative relative risk 1·09 [95% CI 1·05–1·14]) increase in hospitalisations for all-cause infectious diseases, 13% (1·13 [1·05–1·21]) for intestinal infectious diseases, 14% (1·14 [1·05–1·23]) for sepsis, and 22% (1·22 [1·03–1·46]) for dengue during the 2 months after a tropical cyclone. Associations of tropical cyclones with hospitalisations for tuberculosis and malaria were not significant. In total, 0·72% (95% CI 0·40–1·01) of the hospitalisations for all-cause infectious diseases, 0·33% (0·15–0·49) for intestinal infectious diseases, 1·31% (0·57–1·95) for sepsis, and 0·63% (0·10–1·04) for dengue were attributable to tropical cyclone exposures. The attributable burdens were higher among young populations (aged ≤19 years) and male individuals compared with their counterparts, especially for intestinal infectious diseases. The heterogeneous spatiotemporal pattern was further revealed at the country and territory level—tropical cyclone-attributable fractions showed a decreasing trend in South Korea during the study period but an increasing trend in Viet Nam, Taiwan, and New Zealand.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Tropical cyclones were associated with persistent elevated hospitalisation risks of infectious diseases (particularly sepsis and intestinal i
背景在不断变化的气候中,强热带气旋的比例预计会增加。然而,目前还没有对不同国家和数十年来热带气旋造成的传染病风险进行一致而全面的评估。方法收集了六个国家和地区(加拿大、韩国、新西兰、台湾、泰国和越南)在 2000 年至 2019 年不同时期的传染病住院记录。根据参数风场模型得出的热带气旋相关最大持续风速达到或超过 34 节的日子被视为热带气旋暴露日。首先使用分布式滞后非线性准泊松回归模型在地点水平上检验每月传染病住院人数与热带气旋暴露日的关联,然后使用随机效应荟萃分析进行汇总。总的来说,在六个国家和地区中至少有一个热带气旋暴露日的 179 个地点中,有 200 万至 200 万人因传染病住院。与热带气旋相关的传染病住院风险升高往往会在热带气旋暴露 2 个月后消失。总体而言,在热带气旋发生后的 2 个月内,每增加一个热带气旋日,全因传染病的住院率就会增加 9%(累积相对风险 1-09 [95% CI 1-05-1-14]),肠道传染病的住院率增加 13% (1-13 [1-05-1-21]),败血症的住院率增加 14% (1-14 [1-05-1-23]),登革热的住院率增加 22% (1-22 [1-03-1-46])。热带气旋与肺结核和疟疾住院率的关系并不显著。总的来说,0-72%(95% CI 0-40-1-01)的全因传染病住院病例、0-33%(0-15-0-49)的肠道传染病住院病例、1-31%(0-57-1-95)的败血症住院病例和 0-63%(0-10-1-04)的登革热住院病例可归因于热带气旋。与同龄人相比,年轻人(年龄小于 19 岁)和男性的可归因负担更高,尤其是肠道传染病。在国家和地区层面,异质性时空模式进一步显现--在研究期间,韩国的热带气旋可归因比例呈下降趋势,而越南、台湾和新西兰则呈上升趋势。应根据热带气旋流行病学证据,针对不同人群、地区和传染病病因制定有针对性的干预措施,以应对不断增加的风险和负担。
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引用次数: 0
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Lancet Planetary Health
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