Rhizosphere最新文献_第5页

Comparative taxonomic and functional profiling of rhizosphere and root endophytic bacterial communities in the mangrove Rhizophora apiculata 红树根际和根内生细菌群落的比较分类和功能分析

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101276

K.A. Wafha , K. Devika Raj , Anas Abdulaziz , Baby Divya

The diverse bacterial community present in various compartments of the mangrove, including, rhizosphere, rhizoplane, phyllosphere and endosphere, reflects a vital ecological function necessary for thriving in conditions characterised by high salinity, tidal fluctuations, and waterlogging. This study employed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (metabarcoding) using the Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology for the comprehensive analysis of bacterial diversity and its ecosystem functioning within the rhizosphere compartment (RC) and root endophytic compartment (EC) of the salt-tolerant mangrove species Rhizophora apiculata. This study revealed significantly higher bacterial diversity in the RC compared to that found in the EC, as assessed by both α-diversity and β-diversity metrices. The taxonomic analysis identified a total of 58 bacterial phyla, belonging to 163 classes, 419 orders, 672 families, 1187 genera and 2559 species in both the compartments. The five predominant bacterial phyla identified were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Patescibacteria and Desulfobacteriota. Among these phyla, Proteobacteria were the most abundant in both RC and EC, followed by Desulfobacteriota in the EC and Acidobacteriota in the RC. Furthermore, a core set of abundant bacterial genera was observed in both the endophytic and rhizospheric communities. These genera hitherto play essential roles in nutrient cycling, pollutant degradation and the maintenance of ecosystem stability. The dominant genera were Sulfurifustis, Spirochaeta, Novosphingobium, Candidatus Moranbacteria, Lacunisphaera, Candidatus Kaiserbacteria, Ignavibacterium, Dongia and Candidatus sp. Computational predictions indicated that the metabolic versatility associated with the functional genes included cellular processes, nutrient metabolism and genetic information processing. Endosphere associated bacteria are linked to s adaptive microbial strategies whereas rhizosphere communities drive organic matter turn over, redox regulation and environmental buffering. This study explores the complexassociation between Rhizophora apiculata and its associated bacteriome and offers valuable insights into this relationship.

红树林的不同区域（包括根际、根面、根层和内层）中存在着不同的细菌群落，这反映了在高盐度、潮汐波动和涝渍条件下繁茂生长所必需的重要生态功能。本研究利用Illumina高通量测序技术，采用16S rRNA基因扩增子测序（metabarcoding）技术，对耐盐红树根际室（Rhizophora apiculata）和根内生室（Rhizophora apiculata）细菌多样性及其生态系统功能进行综合分析。本研究显示，通过α-多样性和β-多样性指标评估，RC中的细菌多样性明显高于EC。经分类分析，两个区室共有58门细菌，隶属于163纲，419目，672科，1187属，2559种。鉴定出的5个优势菌门为变形菌门、酸性菌门、拟杆菌门、Patescibacteria和Desulfobacteriota。在这些门中，变形菌门在RC和EC中都是最多的，其次是EC中的Desulfobacteriota和RC中的酸性菌门。此外，在内生和根际群落中都观察到一组丰富的核心细菌属。迄今为止，这些属在养分循环、污染物降解和维持生态系统稳定方面发挥着重要作用。优势属为硫霉属、螺旋体、Novosphingobium、Candidatus Moranbacteria、Lacunisphaera、Candidatus Kaiserbacteria、Ignavibacterium、Dongia和Candidatus sp.。计算预测表明，与功能基因相关的代谢多样性包括细胞过程、营养代谢和遗传信息处理。内圈相关细菌与5种适应性微生物策略有关，而根际群落驱动有机质周转、氧化还原调节和环境缓冲。本研究探讨了尖根霉及其相关菌群之间的复杂关系，并为这种关系提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Nutrient allocation in mycorrhizal-plant-herbivore interactions 菌根-植物-草食相互作用中的养分分配

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101253

Ming Zeng , Hualiang Zhang

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) engage in complex interactions with plants and both aboveground (AG) and belowground (BG) herbivores, collectively shaping plant fitness, defense strategies, and AM fungal community assembly. A central question within these interactions concerns the role of nutrients. Nutrient allocation within the AMF-plant-herbivore triad is a pivotal yet poorly understood driver of multitrophic interactions. This review synthesizes evidence on how carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus are partitioned between plant mutualistic and antagonistic partners, highlighting critical knowledge gaps regarding the distribution of AMF-mediated nutrients across ecological compartments under combined AG and BG herbivory. Further, this review states that nutrient-derived primary and secondary metabolites exert systemically asymmetric effects on AG and BG herbivores through the plant's metabolic network. These changes can trigger cascading responses in plants and herbivores, altering their performance in concert with abiotic and biotic factors such as plant and herbivore identity, feeding mode, arrival sequence, and damage intensity. Finally, we conclude that plant defense strategies (resistance vs. tolerance) and herbivore performance are shaped by context-dependent nutrient allocation, necessitating the integration of isotopic tracing, metabolic analysis, and mechanistic modeling to quantitatively analyze the underlying pathways and predict these dynamics under global change.

丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）与植物以及地上（AG）和地下（BG）食草动物进行复杂的相互作用，共同影响植物适应性、防御策略和AM真菌群落组装。这些相互作用中的一个核心问题是营养素的作用。amf -植物-草食动物三位一体中的营养分配是多营养相互作用的关键但鲜为人知的驱动因素。这篇综述综合了碳、氮和磷如何在植物共生和拮抗伙伴之间分配的证据，突出了在AG和BG联合食草下amf介导的营养物质在生态区室中的分布的关键知识空白。此外，本综述还指出，营养来源的初级和次级代谢物通过植物的代谢网络对AG和BG食草动物产生系统不对称的影响。这些变化可以触发植物和食草动物的级联反应，根据植物和食草动物的身份、摄食方式、到达顺序和伤害强度等非生物和生物因素改变它们的表现。最后，我们得出结论，植物的防御策略（抗性与耐受性）和食草动物的表现是由环境依赖的营养分配决定的，因此有必要将同位素示踪、代谢分析和机制建模结合起来，定量分析潜在的途径，并预测全球变化下的这些动态。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic regulation of calcium hydroxide and ARC microbial inoculant on rhizosphere microbiota and soil chemical properties during peanut middle growth stages in acidic red soils 氢氧化钙和ARC微生物接种剂对酸性红壤花生生长中期根际微生物群和土壤化学性质的协同调节

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101238

Gongming Wu , Hong Yu , Ningbo Zeng , Zinan Luo , Sheng Gao , Qi Liang , Lin Li , Peiwu Li , Zemao Yang , Dengwang Liu

To address the high acidity and low fertility of acidic red soils in southern China, this study evaluated the effects of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) and the Aspergillus-Rhizobia Coupling (ARC) microbial inoculant on rhizosphere microbiota, soil chemical properties, and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield during the middle growth stage of peanuts (i.e., flowering-pegging and pod-setting stages). Calcium hydroxide modulated the rhizosphere microenvironment by increasing soil pH and exchangeable calcium, thereby enhancing microbial α-diversity, stimulating the metabolic activity of both ARC inoculant strains and native microbiota, and enriching carbon and nitrogen (C-N) cycling-related taxa (e.g., Sphingomonas), thus elevating soil organic matter and hydrolyzable nitrogen, and ultimately increasing peanut total pod weight per plant. Meanwhile, the ARC inoculant reshaped the rhizosphere microbial community structure without altering α-diversity, specifically enriching phosphorus and potassium (P-K) activation-related taxa (e.g., Paraglomus), thereby increasing soil available phosphorus and available potassium, and ultimately enhancing peanut total pods per plant. The combined application of these amendments exhibited obvious synergistic effects in the above aspects, with the Ca₅₀A₄ treatment (750 kg/ha calcium hydroxide + 60 kg/ha ARC inoculant) achieving the greatest effects. Compared with the control (Ca₀A₀, CK), the total pods per plant and total pod weight per plant in the Ca₅₀A₄ treatment were significantly increased by 57.14 % and 45.18 %, respectively. Overall, calcium hydroxide improved the rhizosphere microhabitat primarily through chemical regulation, whereas the ARC inoculant acted via direct and community-mediated biological regulation. Their synergistic application provides an efficient and innovative strategy for improving soil quality and enhancing peanut productivity in acidic red soil regions of southern China.

为解决中国南方酸性红壤高酸性低肥力的问题，本研究评价了氢氧化钙（Ca(OH)2）和曲霉-根瘤菌偶联剂（ARC）微生物接种剂对花生生长中期（即开花和结荚期）根际微生物群、土壤化学性质和花生产量的影响。氢氧化钙通过提高土壤pH和交换性钙来调节根际微环境，从而增强微生物α-多样性，刺激ARC接种菌株和原生微生物群的代谢活性，丰富碳氮（C-N）循环相关类群（如鞘氨单胞菌），从而提高土壤有机质和可水解氮，最终提高花生单株总荚果重。同时，ARC接种剂在不改变α-多样性的情况下，重塑了根际微生物群落结构，特别是增加了磷钾（P-K）激活相关类群（如Paraglomus），从而增加了土壤有效磷和有效钾，最终提高了花生单株总荚果数。这些改进剂联合应用在上述各方面均表现出明显的协同效应，其中以Ca50A4处理（750 kg/ha氢氧化钙+ 60 kg/ha ARC孕育剂）效果最好。与对照（Ca0A0、CK）相比，Ca50A4处理的单株总荚果数和单株总荚果重分别显著提高了57.14 %和45.18 %。总体而言，氢氧化钙主要通过化学调节来改善根际微生境，而ARC接种剂主要通过直接和群落介导的生物调节来改善根际微生境。它们的协同应用为改善南方酸性红壤土壤质量和提高花生产量提供了一条高效创新的策略。

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引用次数: 0

When roots talk, bacteria respond: Comparative transcriptomics of three plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria growing on root exudates reveals plant-specific responses 当根说话时，细菌会做出反应：生长在根分泌物上的三种促进植物生长的根细菌的转录组学比较揭示了植物的特异性反应

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101293

Eulalie Fourneau, Baptiste Barbault, Mélissa Pannier, Barbara Pawlak, Josselin Bodilis

In the rhizosphere, plant roots release rhizodeposits, including a complex mixture of molecules known as root exudates. These compounds mediate the recruitment of the rhizosphere microbiota, which plays a key role in plant growth and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Deciphering the molecular dialogue between roots and their microbiota could promote the establishment of bioinoculants, such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), in the rhizosphere. Here, we investigated the genetic responses of three PGPR strains (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 17400 and Azospirillum brasilense Sp245) to root exudates from rapeseed (Brassica napus), pea (Pisum sativum) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Transcriptomic analyses during PGPR growth on root exudates revealed that B. subtilis ATCC 6633 and A. brasilense Sp245 regulated the expression of hundreds of genes, while P. fluorescens ATCC 17400 appeared to already express most of the genes required for this response. Moreover, certain bacterial genes, mainly involved in metabolism, were regulated by all three exudates through a core transcriptome, while other genes were specifically modulated by each plant. Notably, rapeseed exudates stimulated amino acid metabolism, whereas pea exudates repressed motility and activated defense mechanisms. Finally, we deduced the amino acids and sugars present in root exudates and metabolized by PGPR. Together, our results highlight root exudate specificity in the recruitment of PGPR and could contribute to their establishment as bioinoculants for rhizosphere engineering.

在根际，植物根系释放根沉积物，包括一种称为根渗出物的复杂分子混合物。这些化合物介导根际微生物群的招募，在植物生长和抵抗生物和非生物胁迫中起着关键作用。破译根及其微生物群之间的分子对话可以促进根际生物孕育剂的建立，如促进植物生长的根瘤菌（PGPR）。本研究研究了枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC 6633、荧光假单胞菌ATCC 17400和巴西偶氮螺旋菌Sp245三株PGPR菌株对油菜、豌豆和黑麦草根系分泌物的遗传响应。根分泌物中PGPR生长的转录组学分析显示，枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC 6633和巴西芽孢杆菌Sp245调节了数百个基因的表达，而荧光芽孢杆菌ATCC 17400似乎已经表达了这种反应所需的大部分基因。此外，某些主要参与代谢的细菌基因通过核心转录组受到所有三种渗出液的调节，而其他基因则由每种植物特异性调节。值得注意的是，油菜籽分泌物刺激氨基酸代谢，而豌豆分泌物抑制运动和激活防御机制。最后，我们推断出根分泌物中存在的氨基酸和糖被PGPR代谢。总之，我们的研究结果强调了根分泌物在PGPR招募中的特异性，并有助于它们作为根际工程的生物接种剂。

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引用次数: 0

Intraspecific variation in root economics space by branching order of fine roots across a shallow soil depth gradient in Cryptomeria japonica forest 浅土壤深度梯度下柳杉细根分支顺序的种内根系经济空间变化

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101296

Yusuke Tawa , Naoki Makita , Hiroshi Takeda

Fine root traits are key indicators of a tree's survival strategy, structured by both root order and environmental factors such as soil depth. We investigated intraspecific variation within the Root Economics Space (RES) - a framework integrating trait variations and ecological trade-offs along two independent axes: conservation and collaboration gradients. Four key traits - specific root length, root tissue density, average diameter, and nitrogen concentration - were analyzed in Cryptomeria japonica fine roots (first-third order) across a shallow soil depth gradient. All traits varied with both root order and soil depth. The two-dimensional RES was evident in first- and second-order roots, whereas the conservation gradient was absent in third-order roots. Biplots showed sample segregation by soil depth, identifying it as a key structuring factor at the intraspecific level. These findings affirm that subtle environmental and morphological variations drive substantial functional differentiation within fine root systems.

细根性状是树木生存策略的关键指标，由根序和土壤深度等环境因素共同决定。我们研究了根经济学空间（RES）内的种内变异——一个沿两个独立轴（保护和协作梯度）整合性状变异和生态权衡的框架。研究了不同土壤深度梯度下柳杉细根（1 - 3级）的比根长度、根组织密度、平均直径和氮浓度等4个关键性状。所有性状随根序和土壤深度的变化而变化。在一阶和二阶根中存在明显的二维RES，而在三阶根中不存在守恒梯度。双标图显示了土壤深度对样品的分离，表明土壤深度是种内水平上的关键结构因素。这些发现证实了细微的环境和形态变化驱动了细根系统中实质性的功能分化。

引用次数: 0

Excess phosphorus increases phosphatase activity and alters phoD-harboring bacterial ecotypes in the pepper rhizosphere 过量的磷增加了辣椒根际磷酸酶的活性，改变了辣椒根际含磷细菌的生态型

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101290

Fansheng Kong , Weihua Su , Chunyan Zhang , Shunli Liu , Prakash Lakshmanan , Yutao Cui , Wei Zhang , Xinping Chen , Ming Lang

The influence of excessive phosphorus (P) fertilization on microbially associated organic P mineralization in the rhizosphere of intensively managed vegetable crops remains poorly understood. To clarify the responses of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) phoD-harboring bacterial communities to P transformation in vegetable systems, a field experiment with pepper was conducted in southwestern China under three P application levels (CK, low P (LP), and high P (HP)). Bulk and rhizosphere soils were sampled across three key pepper growth stages for systematic analysis. Our results demonstrated that ALP activity was 16.7% higher in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil. Under HP treatment, ALP activity significantly increased by 31.7% and 28.2% compared with the CK and LP treatments, respectively. Random forest and correlation analyses revealed that increasing P input shifted keystone phoD-harboring bacteria from the oligotrophic genus Lysobacter to the copiotrophic genus Bradyrhizobium. Compared to CK and LP treatments, the relative abundance of specialists decreased by 15.0% and 9.0% under HP, whereas that of opportunists increased by 13.0% and 6.0%, respectively. Notably, the abundance of opportunists exhibited a positive correlation with both available P (AP) and ALP activity, while specialists showed negative correlations. The decline in specialists abundance was further associated with a simplified co-occurrence, characterized by decreased modularity, increased average path length and a reduction in the number of keystone taxa. Collectively, these findings illuminate how excessive P input alters the interrelationships among AP, ALP activity, and the phoD-harboring bacterial community, ultimately driving a shift from specialist-to opportunist-dominated ecotypes in the pepper rhizosphere.

过量磷肥对集约管理蔬菜作物根际微生物相关有机磷矿化的影响尚不清楚。为阐明含碱性磷酸酶（ALP） phod细菌群落对蔬菜体系中磷转化的响应，在西南地区进行了3个施磷水平（CK、低磷（LP）和高磷（HP））辣椒的田间试验。在辣椒生长的三个关键阶段，对块状土壤和根际土壤进行了系统分析。结果表明，根际ALP活性比散装土壤高16.7%。HP处理下ALP活性较CK和LP处理分别显著提高了31.7%和28.2%。随机森林分析和相关分析显示，磷输入量的增加使主要的食源性细菌从寡营养溶菌属转移到增营养缓生根瘤菌属。与对照和LP处理相比，HP处理下专科植物的相对丰度分别下降了15.0%和9.0%，而机会主义者的相对丰度分别增加了13.0%和6.0%。值得注意的是，机会主义者的丰度与可用P （AP）和ALP活性均呈正相关，而专家则呈负相关。专家丰度的下降进一步与简化的共发生有关，其特征是模块化降低，平均路径长度增加，关键分类群数量减少。总的来说，这些发现阐明了过量的磷输入如何改变AP、ALP活性和phod庇护细菌群落之间的相互关系，最终推动辣椒根际从专一型向机会型主导的生态型转变。

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引用次数: 0

Genomic comparative analysis of Bradyrhizobium elkanii strains: Exploring the diversity of nod factors elkanii慢生根瘤菌的基因组比较分析：探讨nod因子的多样性

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101256

Igor Daniel Alves Ribeiro , Anderson José Scherer , Manuel Megías , Francisco J. Ollero , Luciane Maria Pereira Passaglia

Bradyrhizobium elkanii is an important rhizobial species that nodulates a wide range of legumes, including soybean, and is widely used as an inoculant to enhance biological nitrogen fixation. This symbiosis is mediated by chemical signaling between plant flavonoids and bacterial nodulation factors (NFs; lipo-chitooligosaccharides, LCOs), whose structural diversity determines host specificity. In addition, genes related to plant growth–promoting (PGP) traits contribute to efficient root colonization and symbiotic performance.

Here, we performed a comparative genomic analysis of five B. elkanii strains from distinct geographic origins within the SEMIA collection (SEMIA 5011, SEMIA 5026, SEMIA 5027, SEMIA 5019, and SEMIA 587), including two elite inoculant strains, focusing on nodulation gene repertoires and NF profiles. A broader comparison including 56 genomes revealed a open pangenome, characterized by a large accessory fraction enriched in mobilome-related functions, while the core genome was dominated by housekeeping genes.

PGP gene profiles were largely conserved among strains, encompassing functions associated with phytohormone production, stress mitigation, and plant interaction. Nodulation gene repertoires comprised 25–33 genes organized into four to six clusters. A conserved main nod cluster was identified in all five SEMIA strains and was predicted to be plasmid-associated. NF profiling revealed 37 variants composed of three to five N-acetylglucosamine residues and four major types of chemical modifications. Overall, this study provides new insights into the genomic diversity, nodulation gene architecture, and NF variability of B. elkanii, contributing to a better understanding of the molecular basis underlying symbiotic interactions.

elkanii缓生根瘤菌是一种重要的根瘤菌，可结瘤多种豆科植物，包括大豆，并被广泛用作促进生物固氮的接种剂。这种共生关系是通过植物黄酮类化合物和细菌结瘤因子（NFs；脂质-壳寡糖，LCOs）之间的化学信号传导介导的，其结构多样性决定了宿主的特异性。此外，与植物促生长（PGP）性状相关的基因对有效的根定植和共生性能也有影响。在这里，我们对来自SEMIA收集的不同地理来源的5株elkanii菌株（SEMIA 5011, SEMIA 5026, SEMIA 5027， SEMIA 5019和SEMIA 587）进行了比较基因组分析，包括两个精英接种菌株，重点关注结瘤基因库和NF谱。包括56个基因组在内的更广泛的比较揭示了一个开放的泛基因组，其特征是大量附属部分丰富了与移动组相关的功能，而核心基因组主要是内务基因。PGP基因在不同品系中具有保守性，包括与植物激素产生、胁迫缓解和植物相互作用相关的功能。结瘤基因库由25-33个基因组成，分为四到六个簇。在所有5株SEMIA菌株中鉴定出一个保守的主节点簇，并预测与质粒相关。NF谱分析揭示了37个由3到5个n -乙酰氨基葡萄糖残基和4种主要化学修饰组成的变体。总的来说，本研究为贝氏杆菌的基因组多样性、结瘤基因结构和NF变异性提供了新的见解，有助于更好地理解共生相互作用的分子基础。

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引用次数: 0

Cd-immobilizing strain combined with pig manure biochar regulates rhizosphere microecology to reduce Cd absorption by wheat 结合猪粪生物炭对小麦根际微生态进行调控，减少小麦对镉的吸收

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101249

Zhipeng Wang , Xiaofei Liu , Tao Peng , Shasha Huang , Weifeng Zhao , Li Chen , Hui Han

Soil functional microorganisms and biochar regulate the chemical speciation of Cd, thereby influencing its uptake by crops. However, the effects of Cd-immobilizing bacteria combined with biochar on Cd speciation in wheat fields and subsequent Cd accumulation in wheat remain unclear. This study investigated the impacts and underlying soil mechanisms of applying the urease-producing bacterium Enterobacter sp. TJ6 and pig manure biochar (PMB) on wheat growth and Cd uptake using pot experiments. Results demonstrated that the combined application of TJ6 and PMB increased (10.8 %) wheat grain dry weight and reduced (72.1 %) grain Cd concentration compared to the control. This reduction was primarily attributed to the conversion of bioavailable Cd in the rhizosphere soil into organically-bound and residual Cd fractions. Increaseing soil pH, electrical conductivity, NH₄⁺ content, NH₄⁺/NO₃⁻ ratio, and urease activity promoted the immobilization of Cd onto soil particles, consequently decreasing the concentration of bioavailable Cd. Furthermore, the TJ6+PMB amendment facilitated the formation of insoluble Cd precipitates, such as Cd₃(PO₄)₂, CdCO₃, and (Cd,Ca)₅(PO₄)₃OH, within the rhizosphere soil. Compared to the fungal community, the bacterial community in the rhizosphere exhibited greater sensitivity to TJ6+PMB application. The relative abundances of key bacterial genera, including Sphingomonas, Bacillus, Gemmatimonas, and Nocardioides, were significantly enhanced. These genera play crucial roles in heavy metal immobilization, plant growth promotion, and nitrogen cycling. In conclusion, the application of strain TJ6 and PMB effectively reduced Cd bioavailability and uptake by wheat through the regulation of rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure. These findings provide a practical approach for the remediation and safe production of wheat in Cd-contaminated fields.

土壤功能微生物和生物炭调节Cd的化学形态，从而影响作物对Cd的吸收。然而，Cd固定化菌与生物炭结合对麦田Cd形态形成及随后在小麦体内Cd积累的影响尚不清楚。通过盆栽试验，研究了产脲肠杆菌（Enterobacter sp. TJ6）和猪粪生物炭（PMB）对小麦生长和Cd吸收的影响及其土壤机制。结果表明，与对照相比，TJ6与PMB配施使小麦籽粒干重增加（10.8 %），Cd浓度降低（72.1 %）。这种减少主要归因于根际土壤中生物可利用Cd转化为有机结合和残留Cd组分。土壤pH、电导率、NH4+含量、NH4+/NO3−比值和脲酶活性的增加促进了Cd在土壤颗粒上的固定，从而降低了生物可利用Cd的浓度。此外，TJ6+PMB的添加促进了根际土壤中Cd3(PO4)2、CdCO3和（Cd,Ca）5(PO4)3OH等不溶性Cd沉淀的形成。与真菌群落相比，根际细菌群落对TJ6+PMB施用表现出更大的敏感性。鞘氨单胞菌、芽孢杆菌、双胞菌和诺卡伊德等关键菌属的相对丰度显著提高。这些属在重金属固定、促进植物生长和氮循环中起着至关重要的作用。综上所述，施用菌株TJ6和PMB通过调节根际土壤理化性质和微生物群落结构，有效降低了小麦对Cd的生物利用度和吸收。这些发现为cd污染地区小麦的修复和安全生产提供了可行的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Wisteria sinensis and Lonicera japonica exhibit distinct cadmium tolerance mechanisms and potential for ecological restoration of cadmium-contaminated soils 紫藤和忍冬表现出不同的耐镉机制和镉污染土壤的生态修复潜力

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101277

Wenxi Guan , Zhengze Chen , Jiarui Wang , Yanan Liu , Dazhuang Huang , Xiaoyun Niu

Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and cost-effective method for remediating soils contaminated by heavy metals. However, research on the tolerance of woody lianas to cadmium (Cd) remains relatively limited. Therefore, this study selected six woody lianas—Wisteria sinensis, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Campsis grandiflora, Periploca sepium, Lonicera japonica, and Ampelopsis humulifolia—and conducted pot experiments with Cd concentrations (0.78, 11.51, and 28.51 mg kg⁻¹) to evaluate their physiological responses and tolerance to Cd stress. Results revealed significant variations in Cd stress tolerance among the species. Functional analysis indicated that W. sinensis displayed the highest overall resistance under elevated concentrations of Cd stress. The underlying mechanisms include: (1) sequestering 40 %∼60 % of Cd²⁺ in the cell wall; (2) the antioxidant enzyme system is markedly activated, with the activities of POD, CAT, and SOD increasing by 125.00 %, 325.00 %, and 57.79 %, respectively, to mitigate oxidative damage; (3) maintaining stable photosynthesis alongside a sharp increase in root nitrogen. Conversely, L. japonica adapted well to low Cd stress by enhancing soluble sugar content and shoot transport. Nonetheless, the accumulation coefficients of all the tested plants are relatively low. Specifically, for W. sinensis, these coefficients are 0.64 and 0.44 under low and high Cd treatments, respectively, indicating a considerable distance from hyperaccumulator status. In conclusion, while lacking strong accumulation, these lianas display distinct physiological adaptability. Their climbing growth and ornamental value make them suitable for ecological restoration and vertical greening in Cd-contaminated areas such as mines and urban outskirts.

植物修复是一种生态友好、经济有效的重金属污染土壤修复方法。然而，木质藤本植物对镉（Cd）耐受性的研究相对有限。因此，本研究选择紫藤、孤雌藤、大花Campsis granflora、金银花Periploca sepium、忍冬忍冬Ampelopsis humulifolia 6种木本藤本植物，在Cd浓度（0.78、11.51和28.51 mg kg−1）下进行盆栽试验，评价它们对Cd胁迫的生理反应和耐受性。结果表明，不同品种间镉胁迫耐受性存在显著差异。功能分析表明，在高浓度Cd胁迫条件下，中华水杨表现出最高的综合抗性。潜在的机制包括：(1)在细胞壁中隔离40 % ~ 60 %的Cd2+；(2)抗氧化酶系统被显著激活，POD、CAT和SOD活性分别提高了125.00 %、325.00 %和57.79 %，减轻了氧化损伤；(3)在根系氮急剧增加的同时，维持稳定的光合作用。相反，粳稻通过提高可溶性糖含量和茎部运输，较好地适应了低镉胁迫。然而，所有被试植株的累积系数都相对较低。在低Cd和高Cd处理下，这些系数分别为0.64和0.44，表明与超积累体状态有相当大的距离。综上所述，这些藤本植物虽然缺乏强烈的积累，但具有明显的生理适应性。攀缘生长和观赏价值使其适合于矿区、城郊等镉污染地区的生态修复和垂直绿化。

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引用次数: 0

Mycorrhizal consortium: an option to modulate leaf lectin biosynthesis 菌根联合体：调节叶片凝集素生物合成的一种选择

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101242

Caio Bezerra Barreto , Francisco Chagas Barbalho Neto , Carmelo José Albanez Bastos-Filho , Qiang-Sheng Wu , Michele Dalvina Correia da Silva , Fábio Sérgio Barbosa da Silva

The association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can modulate the production of both primary and secondary metabolites in plants. Although the importance of root lectins in establishing symbiosis is well recognized, nevertheless, it is not known whether mycorrhizal inoculation can modulate the accumulation of leaf lectins. This study aimed to verify whether the inoculation of a mycorrhizal consortium alters the lectins profile in leaves. A greenhouse experiment with two inoculation treatments was carried out: non-inoculated Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi seedlings (control) and seedlings inoculated with an AMF consortium containing Acaulospora longula, Entrophospora etunicata, and Dentiscutata heterogama (AMF+). The leaves were harvested after 191 days and used to prepare aqueous extracts. The extracts were assayed regarding the hemagglutinating activity, for detecting lectins, and the specific hemagglutinating activity (SHA) was determined for ABO group erythrocytes. The concentration of bioatives and the in vitro antioxidant activity were evaluated. The SHA of leaves from mycorrhizal S. terebinthifolia seedlings, evaluated using group A erythrocytes, was enhanced by over 30%, in comparison with non-inoculated plants (p≤ 0.01). However, inoculation of AMF reduced the production of metabolites, the antioxidant activity, and SHA when erythrocytes from groups AB, B, or O were considered (p≤ 0.01). This research provides the first evidence of mycorrhizal symbiosis affecting leaf lectin accumulation.

与丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的关联可以调节植物初级和次级代谢物的产生。虽然根凝集素在建立共生关系中的重要性已得到公认，但接种菌根是否能调节叶凝集素的积累尚不清楚。本研究旨在验证接种菌根联合体是否会改变叶片中凝集素的分布。在大棚试验中，采用两种接种处理，分别为未接种的三叶草（Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi）幼苗（对照）和接种了含有长尾孢子虫（Acaulospora longula）、长尾孢子虫（Entrophospora etunicata）和异齿孢子虫（Dentiscutata heterogama）的AMF组合（AMF+）的幼苗。191天后收获叶片，用于制备水提取物。测定提取物的血凝活性，检测凝集素，测定ABO血型红细胞的特异性血凝活性（SHA）。评价了生物制剂的浓度和体外抗氧化活性。用A组红细胞评价菌根赤霉素幼苗叶片的SHA，与未接种的植株相比提高了30%以上（p≤ 0.01）。然而，当考虑AB组、B组和O组红细胞时，接种AMF降低了代谢物的产生、抗氧化活性和SHA （p≤ 0.01）。本研究首次提供了菌根共生影响叶片凝集素积累的证据。

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引用次数: 0