Rhizosphere最新文献_第10页

Co-variation between bacterial genome traits and root functional traits influences soil multifunctionality of five temperate tree species 细菌基因组性状与根系功能性状的共变异影响五种温带树种土壤多功能性

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101202

Chunhua Lv , Ying Jin , Yiling Li , Zhenghu Zhou

Microbial genomic traits reflect microbial community responses and adaptations to resource and stress variations. However, less is known about how the co-variation between bacterial genome traits and root functional traits affects soil multifunctionality (i.e., the soil's capacity to support multiple ecological functions and services simultaneously) in response to drought. Here, we conducted a short-term rainfall exclusion experiment in a common garden with five temperate tree species in northeast China. Our results revealed rhizosphere bacteria associated with foraging roots (with high specific root length and area) exhibited larger genome size, a higher number of coding genes, elevated GC content, and increased body size. These root and bacterial traits were also positively correlated with high rhizosphere soil multifunctionality. In addition, foraging roots were linked to stronger rhizosphere effects on bacterial traits, while both root foraging capacity and energy reserves (soluble sugars and starch) were positively associated with rhizosphere effects on soil multifunctionality. Drought increased bacterial genome size, the number of coding genes, GC content, and the oligotroph/copiotroph ratio, while bacterial traits and soil multifunctionality in both the rhizosphere and bulk soils exhibited synchronous responses to drought. In summary, our study suggests that co-variation between bacterial genomes and root functional traits has critical regulation on soil function and rhizosphere effects.

微生物基因组特征反映了微生物群落对资源和胁迫变化的响应和适应。然而，对于细菌基因组性状和根系功能性状之间的共同变异如何影响土壤的多功能性（即土壤同时支持多种生态功能和服务的能力）以应对干旱，人们知之甚少。本研究在东北温带5种树种的普通园林中进行了短期禁雨试验。研究结果表明，与觅食根相关的根际细菌（具有高比根长度和面积）具有较大的基因组大小，编码基因数量较多，GC含量升高，体型增大。这些根和细菌性状也与高根际土壤多功能性呈正相关。此外，根的觅食能力和能量储备（可溶性糖和淀粉）与根际对土壤多功能性的影响呈正相关，而根的觅食能力和能量储备与根际对土壤多功能性的影响呈正相关。干旱增加了细菌基因组大小、编码基因数量、GC含量和寡养/共养比，而根际和块状土壤的细菌性状和土壤多功能性对干旱表现出同步响应。总之，我们的研究表明，细菌基因组与根功能性状的共变异对土壤功能和根际效应具有重要的调节作用。

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引用次数: 0

Microbiome-mediated rhizosphere engineering for the alleviation of drought stress: A promising strategy for agricultural sustainability 微生物介导的缓解干旱胁迫的根际工程：农业可持续发展的一个有前途的战略

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101201

Argha Sinha, Mohita Nigam, Shilpi Sharma

The necessity to effectively manage drought stress in agriculture is becoming more fundamental as climate change continues to compromise global food security. In plants, drought vitiates their osmotic balance, nutrient acquisition, and photosynthetic performance. Recent advances show that microbiome-mediated rhizosphere engineering can buffer these effects by activating defined physiological pathways in the host. Beneficial soil-dwelling microbes living in close association with roots can enhance drought tolerance via ABA-arbitrated stomatal regulation, osmolyte accumulation, antioxidant enzyme induction, aquaporin-mediated water transport modulation, and root system architecture restructuring. Rhizosphere engineering possesses excellent potential to bypass the limitations associated with conventional bioformulations such as limited persistence and competitive interactions with native microbes. Two complementary strategies dominate this field: designing synthetic microbial communities (SMCs), which stacks functional traits for stabilizing water-use efficiency, and host-mediated microbiome engineering (HMME), which selects adaptive communities through iterative host-driven filtering. While controlled investigations corroborate these processes, translation to field conditions is stalled by ecological variability and lack of systematic trial designs. Moving forward, progress will require systematic mapping of microbial functions to plant drought-response pathways using multi-omics. Besides, there is a need for development of hybrid pipelines that combine top-down and bottom-up microbiome engineering, standardized bioinoculant formulation, delivery, and persistence tracking, and long-term, multi-site validation under realistic agronomic scenarios. In this review, we synthesize mechanistic insights, benchmark current approaches, and outline practical roadmaps for scaling microbiome-based drought mitigation techniques towards producing resilient, climate-smart crops. Utilizing acclimatizable plant-microbiome interactions is of utmost importance for ushering in agricultural sustainability in water-scarce environments.

随着气候变化继续危及全球粮食安全，有效管理农业干旱压力的必要性变得越来越重要。在植物中，干旱破坏了它们的渗透平衡、养分获取和光合性能。最近的进展表明，微生物介导的根际工程可以通过激活宿主体内特定的生理途径来缓冲这些影响。与根系密切相关的有益土壤微生物可以通过aba仲裁的气孔调节、渗透物积累、抗氧化酶诱导、水通道蛋白介导的水分转运调节和根系结构重组来增强根系的耐旱性。根际工程具有极好的潜力，可以绕过与传统生物配方相关的限制，如有限的持久性和与本地微生物的竞争性相互作用。两种互补策略主导着这一领域：设计合成微生物群落（SMCs），通过堆叠功能特征来稳定水利用效率；以及宿主介导的微生物组工程（HMME），通过宿主驱动的迭代过滤选择自适应群落。虽然对照调查证实了这些过程，但由于生态变化和缺乏系统的试验设计，向实地条件的转化停滞不前。展望未来，进展将需要使用多组学系统地绘制植物干旱响应途径的微生物功能。此外，还需要开发混合管道，将自上而下和自下而上的微生物组工程、标准化的生物接种剂配方、输送和持久性跟踪以及现实农艺情景下的长期、多站点验证相结合。在这篇综述中，我们综合了机理见解，对目前的方法进行了基准测试，并概述了扩展基于微生物组的干旱缓解技术以生产有弹性的气候智能型作物的实用路线图。利用可适应的植物-微生物相互作用对于在缺水环境中实现农业可持续发展至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Root border cells within mucilage: the ‘mucicell’ concept for rhizosphere functions 黏液中的根缘细胞：根际功能的“黏液细胞”概念

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101197

Meisam Nazari , Asma Fathinejad , Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi , Frédéric Lamblin , Yakov Kuzyakov

Root mucilage plays a pivotal role in mediating plant-soil interactions, influencing rhizosphere physical, biochemical, hydraulic, and microbial functions. Current studies frequently overlook the consistent co-occurrence and functions of root cap border cells within root mucilage, as confirmed through microscopic observations. This oversight may lead to misinterpretations of isolated effects of ‘pure’ mucilage. Here, we propose the concept of the ‘mucicell’, a composite functional unit comprising mucilage and its embedded, metabolically active border cells, as an accurate framework to describe the biological material and its functions within the rhizosphere. This opinion article critically re-evaluates key rhizosphere functions, including its hydrophobicity after drying and subsequent rewetting, water retention, and microbial dynamics, all affected by root border cells within mucilage. We argue that many effects traditionally attributed to mucilage alone likely arise from the combined activity of the mucicell complex. The unique biochemical and biophysical attributes of border cells are shown to modulate the properties of mucilage, thereby influencing plant-soil interactions in previously unrecognized ways. Adopting the mucicell concept offers a holistic understanding of rhizodeposition and its role in shaping the rhizosphere functions, with important implications for experimental design and data interpretation.

根粘液在调节植物与土壤的相互作用，影响根际物理、生化、水力和微生物功能方面起着关键作用。目前的研究经常忽略根冠边缘细胞在根粘液中的一致共存和功能，这是通过显微镜观察证实的。这种疏忽可能导致对“纯”黏液的孤立效应的误解。在这里，我们提出了“黏液细胞”的概念，这是一种由黏液及其嵌入的代谢活跃的边界细胞组成的复合功能单位，作为描述生物材料及其在根际内功能的准确框架。这篇观点文章批判性地重新评估了关键的根际功能，包括干燥后的疏水性和随后的再润湿，保水性和微生物动力学，所有这些都受到黏液中根缘细胞的影响。我们认为，许多传统上归因于粘液的作用可能是由黏液细胞复合物的联合活性引起的。边界细胞独特的生化和生物物理特性被证明可以调节粘液的特性，从而以以前未被认识的方式影响植物与土壤的相互作用。采用黏液细胞的概念提供了对根沉积及其在形成根际功能中的作用的整体理解，对实验设计和数据解释具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Bioactive plant secondary metabolite production enhanced by AMF choice in mixed inoculum 混合接种中AMF的选择提高了生物活性植物次生代谢物产量

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101198

Caio Bezerra Barreto , Rupam Kapoor , Qiang-Sheng Wu , Mohamed Hijri , Odair Alberton , Carmelo José Albanez Bastos-Filho , Michele Dalvina Correia da Silva , Fábio Sérgio Barbosa da Silva

Flavonoids are among the plant bioactive compounds that may have their production enhanced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). These antioxidant bioactive compounds are related to plant Sun Protection Factor (SPF), which is relevant to plant-based cosmetic formulations. Although it is known that enhancing the rhizosphere with AMF isolates improves the SPF, the role of AMF consortia in affecting plant SPF is not yet established. The study aimed to select the most efficient mycorrhizal consortium to optimize the production of foliar bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and the associated in vitro SPF of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi seedlings. A randomized experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, with a non-inoculated control and with AMF inoculation of Acaulospora longula, Dentiscutata heterogama and Entrophospora etunicata inoculation, singly or in consortia. After 191 days, roots were collected to evaluate the mycorrhizal colonization, and leaves were analyzed for photosynthetic pigments, the antioxidant activity, flavonoids, flavonols, and proanthocyanidins content, compounds related to SPF. Allometric parameters were also evaluated. Some selected consortia significantly improved the SPF, phytomass accumulation, and the production of photosynthetic pigments, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins, with increases reaching up to 200% to control plants. Antioxidant activity was enhanced by approximately 110% due to mycorrhizal inoculation. This study is the first to elucidate the role of AM consortia in modulating the SPF and phytochemistry in leaves of S. terebinthifolia seedlings. The use of consortium containing A. longula, D. heterogama and E. etunicata is recommended to increase the content of bioactive phenolics, antioxidants, and photoprotective activities in S. terebinthifolia phytomass.

黄酮类化合物是一种植物活性化合物，可以通过丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）提高其产量。这些抗氧化生物活性化合物与植物防晒系数（SPF）有关，这与植物性化妆品配方有关。虽然已知用AMF菌株增强根际可以提高SPF，但AMF菌群在影响植物SPF中的作用尚未确定。本研究旨在筛选最有效的菌根联合体，以优化三叶草幼苗叶面生物活性物质的产量、抗氧化活性和相关的体外SPF。在温室内进行了随机对照试验，采用AMF单独接种和群体接种的方法分别接种长芽孢霉、异齿霉和弓形霉。191 d后，收集根以评估菌根定植，分析叶片的光合色素、抗氧化活性、黄酮、黄酮醇和原花青素含量以及与SPF相关的化合物。异速生长参数也进行了评估。一些选择的联合体显著提高了SPF、生物量积累和光合色素、黄酮类化合物和原花青素的产量，对照植株的增幅可达200%。接种菌根可使其抗氧化活性提高约110%。本研究首次阐明了AM联合体在调节三叶草幼苗叶片SPF和植物化学中的作用。推荐使用含有龙骨草、异花草和弓尾草的联合体，以提高其生物活性酚类物质的含量、抗氧化剂和光保护活性。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient colonization of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) seedlings by Tuber floridanum 佛罗里达块茎对山核桃（山核桃）幼苗的高效定殖

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101195

Joice Aline Freiberg , Tine Grebenc , Rafael Marian Callegaro , Zaida Inês Antoniolli

The occurrence of the truffle Tuber floridanum in pecan orchards (Carya illinoinensis Wangenh. K. Koch) in southern Brazil represents a potential new income alternative for pecan farmers. However, little is known regarding the nutritional and morphological parameters of pecan seedlings inoculated with this truffle species. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the ectomycorrhizal association between T. floridanum and pecan seedlings, and to evaluate whether this symbiosis promotes the growth under greenhouse conditions. Pecan seedlings, cultivar Barton, were inoculated with T. floridanum, and after 300 days in the greenhouse, the percentage of mycorrhization, nutritional and morphological growth parameters were evaluated. Our results indicate high levels of T. floridanum colonization in pecan seedlings (78.7 %–99.5 %) after ten months of inoculation. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the long-term effect of this ectomycorrhizal association, particularly under extended cultivation periods and conditions of nutritional stress.

块菌块菌在山核桃果园（Carya illinensis Wangenh）中的发生。对巴西南部的山核桃农民来说，这是一个潜在的新的收入选择。然而，关于接种这种松露物种的山核桃幼苗的营养和形态参数知之甚少。因此，我们的目的是量化佛罗里达霉与山核桃幼苗之间的外生菌根关系，并评估这种共生关系是否促进了温室条件下山核桃的生长。以巴顿山核桃苗木为材料，接种floridanum菌，在温室中培养300 d后，对其菌根率、营养和形态生长参数进行评价。结果表明，在接种10个月后，山核桃幼苗中的floridanum定殖水平较高（78.7% - 99.5%）。建议进一步研究以评估这种外生菌根结合的长期影响，特别是在延长栽培期和营养胁迫条件下。

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引用次数: 0

Are high soil-P adapted arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi key to unlocking plant benefits in fertilized soils? 高土壤磷适应性丛枝菌根真菌是在肥沃土壤中释放植物效益的关键吗？

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101191

Rita de Cássia Ribeiro da Luz , Rupam Kapoor , Qiang-Sheng Wu , Fábio Sérgio Barbosa da Silva

It is known that edaphic factors can modulate the performance of mycorrhizal biostimulants in promoting the growth and secondary anabolism of plants with medicinal relevance. In this context, the adaptation or growth of these fungi to a high P condition can be a strategy to ensure their efficiency in agricultural systems, given that this nutrient is considered an important modulator of mycorrhizal symbiosis. In this regard, 60% of the studies published over the past decade have investigated the efficiency of mycorrhizal fungal isolates, which occur naturally in environments with high phosphate fertility, in promoting distinct benefits to the host cultivated in a phosphorus-supplemented soil. The remaining 40% of studies discussed this potential, considering inoculants that have been artificially adapted in the laboratory to high soil phosphorus availability. This topic is particularly relevant due to the increasing global demand for phosphate fertilizers in agricultural production. Therefore, this perspective compiles studies that address this issue, highlighting the reported benefits of inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, adapted to high phosphorus conditions, in the growth and synthesis of bioactive compounds in hosts cultivated under similar conditions to the substrate of the inoculum source. In addition, the aspects that need to be investigated in future studies to use mycorrhizal isolates adapted to a target condition feasible, are addressed.

众所周知，土壤因子可以调节菌根生物刺激素的性能，促进药用植物的生长和次生合成代谢。在这种情况下，这些真菌对高磷条件的适应或生长可能是确保其在农业系统中效率的一种策略，因为这种养分被认为是菌根共生的重要调节剂。在这方面，过去十年发表的研究中有60%调查了菌根真菌分离物的效率，这种分离物在高磷酸盐肥力环境中自然存在，对在补磷土壤中培养的寄主有明显的好处。其余40%的研究讨论了这一潜力，考虑到在实验室人工适应高土壤磷有效性的接种剂。由于全球对农业生产中磷肥的需求不断增加，这个主题特别相关。因此，本观点汇集了解决这一问题的研究，强调了接种丛枝菌根真菌（适应高磷条件）在与接种源底物相似条件下培养的宿主中生长和合成生物活性化合物的益处。此外，还讨论了在未来研究中需要调查的方面，以便使用适应目标条件的菌根分离物。

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引用次数: 0

Eggplant rootstocks enhance flooding tolerance in grafted tomato compared to wild tomato rootstocks 与野生番茄砧木相比，茄子砧木可提高嫁接番茄的耐水能力

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101194

Priti K. Mote , Pratapsingh S. Khapte , Bharati B. Misal , Shruti S. Sarode , Machindra G. Agale , Ganesh S. Shinde , Sushil S. Changan , Vanita N. Salunkhe , K. Sammi Reddy

Flooding, caused by intense rainfall during the rainy season, severely limits tomato productivity. Grafting tomato onto eggplant or wild tomato species can enhance tolerance by combining genetically diverse root systems with high-yielding scion. The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid ‘Aryaman’ was grafted onto thirteen rootstocks from eggplant (S. melongena) and wild tomato species and evaluated under control and ten-day flooding conditions. Significant variation was observed among grafts for growth, physiological, biochemical, fruit quality and yield traits. Eggplant rootstock grafts S.ly/S.me2 and S.ly/S.me3 produced yields two-fold higher under flooding compared to non-grafted tomato, with survival rates of 30 % and 20 %, respectively. In contrast, wild tomato rootstock grafts and non-grafted plants showed complete mortality, resulting in a 90 % yield reduction. The enhanced tolerance of eggplant rootstock grafts is attributed to higher SPAD index, reduced oxidative damage, better plant water status, sustained photosystem II efficiency, and greater root biomass. These results demonstrate that eggplant rootstocks S.me2 and S.me3 mitigate flooding stress through root-mediated mechanisms, enhancing physiological resilience and maintaining tomato yield.

雨季强降雨造成的洪水严重限制了番茄的产量。将番茄嫁接到茄子或野生番茄上，通过将遗传多样性的根系与高产接穗相结合，可以提高番茄的耐受性。将番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）杂种‘Aryaman’嫁接到茄子（S. melongena）和野生番茄的13根砧木上，并在对照和10天淹水条件下进行了评价。接枝间的生长、生理生化、果实品质和产量性状均有显著差异。茄子砧木嫁接s.l ly/S。我2和s.l ly/S。Me3在淹水条件下的产量是未嫁接番茄的两倍，成活率分别为30%和20%。相比之下，野生番茄砧木嫁接和未嫁接植株完全死亡，导致产量下降90%。嫁接茄子的耐受性增强主要是由于SPAD指数升高、氧化损伤减少、植株水分状况改善、光系统II效率持续提高和根系生物量增加。上述结果表明，茄子砧木S.me2和S.me3通过根介导机制缓解了洪水胁迫，增强了生理抗逆性，保持了番茄产量。

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引用次数: 0

24 years of cold storage of an AMF inoculant does not affect its symbiotic efficiency AMF接种剂冷藏24年不影响其共生效率

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101193

Eduarda Lins Falcão , Carmelo José Albanez Bastos Filho , Fábio Sérgio Barbosa da Silva

One of the challenges of using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculants in agriculture is the lack of detailed information regarding production, substrate, and storage conditions. Recently, the negative impact of more than 20 years of storage in cold conditions on the viability and infectivity of Entrophospora etunicata was reported. However, it is not known if more than 20 years of inoculum storage can also affect the AMF efficiency in increasing the foliar metabolism and growth of staple crops, such as Zea mays L. Thus, the aim was to investigate the role of E. etunicata storage in influencing the production of foliar metabolites and growth of Z. mays. Using a E. etunicata isolate, produced and stored since 2000 and 2023 (EE2000 and EE2023) in the inoculation of Z. mays, it was observed that despite having a lower colonization capacity EE2000 has a similar efficiency of EE2023 in increasing the concentration of saponins and plant SPF, being the most efficient isolate in promoting the accumulation of total proteins by 52% compared to the control (p≤ 0.05). On the other hand, EE2023 colonized maize roots extensively and also increased the concentration of total phenolics by approximately 24%, compared to non-inoculated plants (p≤ 0.05). Notwithstanding, neither inoculum is recommended to increase dry matter accumulation and leaf area. It is concluded that long storage in cold conditions does not affect E. etunicata efficiency in increasing the concentration of foliar metabolites and plant SPF. This is the first study to evaluate the efficiency of an AMF after a prolonged storage period.

在农业中使用丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）接种剂的挑战之一是缺乏有关生产，底物和储存条件的详细信息。最近，研究人员报道了在低温条件下贮藏20年以上对鼠间异孢子虫（Entrophospora etunicata）的生存力和侵染力的负面影响。然而，目前尚不清楚超过20年的接种量储存是否也会影响AMF在促进玉米等主要作物叶片代谢和生长方面的效率。因此，本研究旨在研究玉米贮存对玉米叶片代谢物产生和生长的影响。利用2000年和2023年以后生产和储存的一株棘球线虫分离株（EE2000和EE2023）接种Z. mays，结果发现，尽管EE2000的定殖能力较低，但在提高总皂苷浓度和植物SPF方面的效率与EE2023相似，促进总蛋白积累的效率最高，比对照提高了52% （p≤0.05）。另一方面，与未接种的植株相比，EE2023在玉米根系广泛定殖，总酚类物质浓度也提高了约24% （p≤0.05）。然而，两种接种都不建议增加干物质积累和叶面积。综上所述，在低温条件下长时间贮藏不影响淫羊藿叶片代谢物浓度的提高和植物SPF的提高。这是第一个评估AMF在长时间储存后效率的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Temperature sensitivity and spatial distribution of β-glucosidase activity in microbial hotspots: The impact of root hairs 微生物热点地区β-葡萄糖苷酶活性的温度敏感性和空间分布：根毛的影响

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101192

Xuechen Zhang , Jing Wang , Yueke Guo , Nataliya Bilyera , Bahar S. Razavi

Understanding the interplay between temperature and root morphology on soil enzyme activity is crucial for predicting soil carbon (C) cycling under global climate change. Here, two maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes –the wild type with normal root hairs and the rth3 mutant with defective root hairs –were grown at 20 °C and 30 °C for three weeks. Soil zymography and enzyme kinetics were combined to investigate the interactive effect of temperature and root hairs on the spatial distribution of β-glucosidase activity. Additionally, we examined the role of root hairs on the temperature sensitivity of enzyme kinetic parameters (V_max and K_m). Temperature was the main factor influencing the localization pattern of β-glucosidase activity. At 20 °C, hotspots were primarily associated with roots, whereas at 30 °C, they were dispersed beyond the rhizosphere. The presence of root hairs did not alter hotspot area but enlarged rhizosphere extent by 21 % at 20 °C and 9 % at 30 °C. Elevated temperature accelerated cellulose decomposition within the rhizosphere and in bulk soil hotspots, as evidenced by the absence of a canceling effect near roots and changes in enzyme kinetic parameters. Furthermore, wild type exhibited greater Q₁₀-V_max and a farther distance occurring canceling effect than rth3 mutant, suggesting that the presence of root hairs could lead to a greater reduction in soil C stocks. Overall, temperature primarily governs the distribution and kinetics of β-glucosidase activity, while the presence of root hairs intensifies enzyme temperature sensitivity, highlighting the complex interactions between abiotic and biotic factors in soil C dynamics.

了解温度和根系形态对土壤酶活性的影响对预测全球气候变化下土壤碳循环具有重要意义。在这里，两种玉米（Zea mays L.）基因型-具有正常根毛的野生型和具有缺陷根毛的rth3突变型-在20°C和30°C下生长三周。采用土壤酶学和酶动力学相结合的方法，研究了温度和根毛对甜菜β-葡萄糖苷酶活性空间分布的交互作用。此外，我们还研究了根毛对酶动力学参数（Vmax和Km）温度敏感性的影响。温度是影响β-葡萄糖苷酶活性定位模式的主要因素。在20°C时，热点主要与根相关，而在30°C时，热点分散在根际以外。根毛的存在没有改变热点区域，但在20°C和30°C下，根际范围分别扩大了21%和9%。升高的温度加速了根际和块状土壤热点的纤维素分解，这可以从根部附近没有抵消效应和酶动力学参数的变化中得到证明。此外，野生型比rth3突变体表现出更大的Q10-Vmax和更远的距离发生抵消效应，这表明根毛的存在可能导致土壤C储量的更大减少。总体而言，温度主要控制β-葡萄糖苷酶活性的分布和动力学，而根毛的存在增强了酶的温度敏感性，突出了土壤C动力学中非生物和生物因素之间的复杂相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Soil-plant-Microbe interactions and variations under improved cultivation: insights into enhancing ginseng quality 改良栽培下土壤-植物-微生物的相互作用和变化：提高人参品质的见解

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Rhizosphere

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101187

Tao Zhang , Jing Fang , Qiao Gao , Chang-Bao Chen

Soil improvement is an important practice in modern agriculture for enhancing soil quality. Soil alterations not only not only impact nutrient dynamics but also influence microbial community structure, with microbial communities being key drivers of soil ecological functions. However, the effects of continuous cropping soil improvement on ginseng growth, soil nutrients, and microbial communities remain unclear. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted using improved continuous cropping ginseng soil to examine its effects on ginseng physiology, soil properties, and microbial structure. During ginseng growth, available nitrogen (AN) and available potassium (AK) decreased by 15.71 % and 69.39 %, respectively, while available phosphorus (AP) increased by 17.03 % and electrical conductivity (EC) rose by 49.47 %. Carbon cycle enzymes (S-AMY, S-CL, S-SC) showed enhanced activity in early growth, while nitrogen cycle enzymes (S-PRO, S-URE, S-NR) declined. In addition, ginsenoside accumulation was promoted, with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and increased osmotic adjustment substances. Soil Ca and Mg increased by 26.36 % and 27.79 %, while Fe and Zn decreased by 17.21 % and 47.64 %. In the rhizosphere, the relative abundance of Ascomycota and Patescibacteria increased significantly (142.37 % and 61.83 %), while Basidiomycota and Acidobacteriota decreased (62.00 % and 32.16 %). This study reveals key factors influencing ginsenoside accumulation and highlights that optimizing AP, AK, and Zn levels, regulating EC, and managing carbon- and nitrogen-cycle-related enzyme activities can provide new strategies for soil management and resistance improvement in ginseng cultivation.

土壤改良是现代农业提高土壤质量的一项重要措施。土壤变化不仅影响养分动态，而且影响微生物群落结构，微生物群落是土壤生态功能的关键驱动因素。然而，连作土壤改良对人参生长、土壤养分和微生物群落的影响尚不清楚。本研究采用改良连作人参土进行盆栽试验，研究改良连作人参土对人参生理、土壤性质和微生物结构的影响。在人参生长过程中，有效氮（AN）和有效钾（AK）分别下降了15.71%和69.39%，有效磷（AP）增加了17.03%，电导率（EC）增加了49.47%。生长早期碳循环酶（S-AMY、S-CL、S-SC）活性增强，氮循环酶（S-PRO、S-URE、S-NR）活性下降。此外，人参皂苷积累加快，抗氧化酶活性增强，渗透调节物质增加。土壤Ca、Mg分别增加26.36%和27.79%，Fe、Zn分别减少17.21%和47.64%。在根际，子囊菌门和乳酸菌门的相对丰度显著增加（分别为142.37%和61.83%），担子菌门和酸杆菌门的相对丰度显著降低（分别为62.00%和32.16%）。本研究揭示了影响人参皂苷积累的关键因素，并强调优化AP、AK和Zn水平，调节EC，管理碳氮循环相关酶活性，可为人参栽培土壤管理和抗性提高提供新的策略。

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