Rhizosphere最新文献

{"title":"Soil total phosphorus mediate the assembly processes of rhizosphere microbial communities of ficus species in a tropical rainforest","authors":"Yingying Wang ,&nbsp;Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiming Zhang ,&nbsp;Shangwen Xia ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Revealing the assembly processes of plant rhizosphere microbial communities and the underlying influencing factors is essential for understanding the biodiversity and function of forest ecosystem. However, it remains unclear how deterministic and stochastic processes shape community structure and their relative importance in phosphorus-limited tropical environments. Here, we investigated the diversity, composition, and assembly processes of rhizosphere microbial communities of <em>Ficus</em> species in the Xishuangbanna region of southwest China, using methods such as high-throughput sequencing, variance partitioning analysis and null model analysis. We found that the community assembly processes of bacteria and fungi were primarily dominated by deterministic processes, with the fungal group being more deterministic than the bacteria group. Soil total phosphorus (TP) was the primary determinant of the composition and assembly of the rhizosphere microbial community, explaining 12.58% and 21.35% of the compositional variation in bacterial and fungal communities, respectively, and accounting for 14% of the microbial community assembly, but has a minor impact on their alpha diversity. This study highlights the distinct environmental driving factors of community composition and community assembly. The exposed positive relationship between soil TP and microbial deterministic process has inspiration for link of microbial community functions to soil function and sustainable forest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The overlooked salt: Impact of dark septate endophytes on alfalfa at varying sodium sulfate levels","authors":"Ying Ren ,&nbsp;Yinli Bi ,&nbsp;Jiapeng Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄) is one sodium salt extensively found in saline soils; in certain regions, it is the dominant salt present. Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are competent in enhancing plants’ resistance to stressed environments. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of DSE in enhancing plant tolerance to Na₂SO₄. This study examined DSE growth and its impacts on alfalfa plants exposed to varying Na₂SO₄ concentrations (0%, 0.15%, 0.3%, and 0.45% (w/w)). Our findings revealed that DSE can thrive even in salt-stress environments. On the 8^th day of cultivation, their biomass reached the highest level under 0.45% salt concentration. Moreover, DSE successfully colonized alfalfa roots and significantly enhanced plant growth and development across the various salt gradients. Notably, DSE made the highest contribution 68% to the total biomass of alfalfa at 0.45% salt concentration. Meanwhile, DSE significantly decreased the presence of root’s Na⁺ across varying salt gradients. Additionally, DSE significantly increased catalase (CAT) activity at salt concentrations of 0.3% and 0.45%. Our study also revealed strong positive correlations of plant biomass with the root index, root’s K⁺ content, and K⁺/Na⁺ ratio, and strong negative correlations of plant biomass with root’s Na⁺ content and soil’s Na⁺ and SO₄²⁻ contents. Structural equation modeling (SEM) demonstrated that DSE indirectly enhanced plant’s shoot biomass under various salt stresses via increasing root length, decreasing root’s Na⁺ content, and raising CAT activity, while salt indirectly reduced plant’s shoot weight via reducing root length or increasing root’s Na⁺ content or exerted a direct negative effect on plant shoot biomass. Thus, DSE are instrumental in bolstering the salt tolerance of plants, which holds strategic importance for the management of saline-alkali soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between plant morphological traits and water potential exhibits drought avoidance in Chrysopogon zizanioides","authors":"Suriya Prakash Ganesan ,&nbsp;David Boldrin ,&nbsp;Anthony Kwan Leung","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant acclimation to drought involves morphological changes such as leaf shrinkage and root elongation. We sought correlations between drought acclimated plant morphological traits and water potential of leaf (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ψ</mi><mi>L</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) and root (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ψ</mi><mi>R</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>), which are limitedly available. Leaves and roots of <em>Chrysopogon zizan</em><em>i</em><em>oides</em> L. (vetiver) grown for different periods (3, 4 and 5 months) in biochar amended sandy soil were sampled at a soil water potential (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ψ</mi><mi>S</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) representing drought condition. Morphological traits including leaf area, root diameter and root length were determined to correlate with <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ψ</mi><mi>L</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ψ</mi><mi>R</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>. Leaf area and root length increased with increasing growth period, but root diameter remained largely constant. Leaf area and <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ψ</mi><mi>L</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> was positively and linearly correlated. Root diameter and root length displayed a contrasting response with <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ψ</mi><mi>R</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>; lower <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ψ</mi><mi>R</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> was measured in larger root diameters and shorter root lengths. Vetiver grass avoided the drought stress by increasing their root length, which will benefit the use of this species for soil bioengineering. The proliferation of roots to deeper soil depths could stabilise soil sliding and at the same time survive under drought conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential recruitment of root bacterial community by inoculated inland spiny and spinless cactus in response to salinity stress","authors":"Ameni Ben Zineb ,&nbsp;Mariem Zakraoui ,&nbsp;Imane Bahlouli ,&nbsp;Fatma Karray ,&nbsp;Asma Ben Salem ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mliki ,&nbsp;Stephan Declerck ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Gargouri","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the field of innovative challenges, it is essential to incorporate microorganisms into agricultural practices that promote and improve plant growth and health, particularly under conditions of salinity stress. This work elucidated the response of two <em>Opuntia ficus-indica</em> cultivars (spiny, <em>Gialla</em> and spineless, <em>Rossa</em>) inoculated inland with a coastal cactus rhizospheric soil (<em>Opuntia littoralis</em>) under NaCl treatment. The two cultivars reacted differently to salinity stress. The cladodes and roots of the <em>Rossa</em> cultivar were sensitive to salinity and accumulated both Na⁺ and Cl⁻. In contrast, the <em>Gialla</em> cultivar showed Na ⁺ exclusion from the cladodes and root growth was unaffected by salinity. The diversity, richness, and correlation networks of root compartments bacterial communities were mainly determined while the cactus cultivar was subjected to salinity stress. Different subsets of key soil bacteria taxa were selected by the root systems of each cultivar after exposure to salinity. Our results highlight the importance of the rhizosphere of endemic coastal plants in improving plant resistance to salinity stress, particularly in the spiny cultivar compared to the spineless cultivar. The microbiome networks provide solid evidence that each cultivar adapts its bacterial community composition and interactions in response to salinity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management impacts rhizosphere composition and gene expression in vineyards","authors":"Maria Tartaglia,&nbsp;Monica Labella-Ortega,&nbsp;Maria Maisto,&nbsp;Antonello Prigioniero,&nbsp;Daniela Zuzolo,&nbsp;Carmine Guarino","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined rhizosphere soil samples from vineyards located in Sannio area, (Campania, Italy) with different management practices to assess the microbiota's functionality through a metatranscriptomic analysis. The analysis provided a comprehensive taxonomic characterization, gene expression insights, and predictive functional analyses. The experiment included 18 samples from three management-based groups (green manure, periodic hoeing, burying pruning) each with six biological replicates from two vineyards, yielding 316 Gb of data (17.5 Gb/sample). In the vineyards in which a green manure mix of Brassicaceae and Fabaceae was practised, the predominant bacterial phyla are Actinomycetota (with predominant families Conexibacteraceae and Nocardioidaceae), and Pseudomonadota (predominantly Nitrobacteraceae and Methylobacteriaceae). As regards the phylum Streptophyta, as expected, there is a greater abundance of transcripts from Vitaceae and Brassicaceae. About fungi, the most abundant phylum Ascomycota has predominantly Pyronemataceae and Pleosporaceae. Of particular interest related to this type of managment is the abundance of viral transcripts, with the most abundant phylum Pisuviricota and the families Secoviridae and Dicistroviridae. The most significantly up-regulated genes in these vineyards belonged to GO classes involved in viral infections and plant stress responses. In vineyards where regular tilling is carried out, a similar pattern but higher percentages of Actinobacteria and Lenarviricota were observed. In these samples, genes involved in phytohormone pathways (Jasmonic acid, Gibberellin, Salicylic acid) and root system development were up-expressed. Vineyards with a discordant taxonomic profile were those where pruning waste was routinely buried. This management practice was correlated with a marked increase in Nematoda transcripts. Gene expression and pathway enrichment analyses identified significant metabolic and signal transduction pathways associated with differentially expressed genes, highlighting how the rhizosphere is influenced by agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chrysin alleviates salt stress in tomato by physiological, biochemical, and genetic mechanisms","authors":"Melek Ekinci ,&nbsp;Metin Turan ,&nbsp;Murat Aydin ,&nbsp;Merve Yuce ,&nbsp;Güleray Agar ,&nbsp;Selda Ors ,&nbsp;Emre İlhan ,&nbsp;Abdulkadir Ciltas ,&nbsp;Sezai Ercisli ,&nbsp;Ertan Yildirim","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinity greatly reduces agricultural productivity, especially in dry and semi-arid regions, by interfering with physiological and biochemical processes. This research aimed to determine whether Chrysin (Chr) can mitigate the negative effects of salinity on growth parameters, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression in tomato (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L.) plants. Experiments were conducted in a semi-controlled greenhouse, with plants subjected to varying concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 100 mM) and Chr (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mM). Results revealed that salinity stress significantly reduced plant height, leaf area, and chlorophyll content while increasing hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline levels, indicating oxidative stress. Chr application alleviated these detrimental effects by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), thereby reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Additionally, Chr treatments improved plant water status and mineral content under salt stress. Gene expression analysis showed that Chr positively regulated the transcription of salt tolerance-related genes, including HKT1-1, HKT1-2, and PIP1-2, which are associated with sodium ion transport and water balance. These findings suggest that Chr can be an effective biostimulant for enhancing salt tolerance in tomato plants by modulating physiological, biochemical, and genetic mechanisms. This study provides insights into Chr's potential as a sustainable solution for improving crop resilience to salinity in agricultural practices. Further research is recommended to optimize Chr concentrations for maximum efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of endophytic fungi treatments on aluminum contents in Vernicia montana seedlings and soils under different concentrations of aluminum stress","authors":"Qiaoyun Wu ,&nbsp;Yaorui Zhang ,&nbsp;Han Lin ,&nbsp;Can Chen ,&nbsp;Anqiang Xie ,&nbsp;Hailan Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although leveraging the interaction with endophytic fungi is an efficient and environment-friendly strategy for plants to enhance growth and resistance, how different endophyte species influence host plants’ resilience in adverse conditions remain comparatively unclear. In order to explore the effect of endophytic fungi on the aluminum resistance of woody host plants, <em>Vernicia montana</em> seedlings were subjected to different aluminum concentrations (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4) in this study. The aluminum contents in roots, leaves and rhizospheric soil of <em>V. montana</em> seedlings were determined after applying endophyte suspensions of <em>Pestalotiopsis</em> (NP), <em>Alternaria</em> (LA), <em>Penicillium</em> (QP), <em>Coniothyrium</em> (DC) and <em>Thermophilic</em> (ST) spp. The results showed that aluminum stress treatment, endophytic fungi treatment and their interaction had significant effects on aluminum content in leaves, aluminum content in roots, aluminum content in rhizospheric soil, and the transport and retention rate of aluminum ions in soil-root-leaf. With the increase of aluminum concentrations, the aluminum content in leaves of <em>V. montana</em> increased in the endophyte treatments of LA and ST, decreased in CK, NP and DC, or had marginal variation in QP treatment. Compared with T0, four endophyte treatments of LA, QP, DC and ST significantly reduced root aluminum content under T4 concentration (P &lt; 0.05), contrary to the results of NP treatment. Endophyte treatments significantly increased root aluminum content of V. montana under T1 concentration (P &lt; 0.05). The foliar Al content in fungi-inoculated seedlings was significantly lower than that of the non-inoculated ones under T0 and T3 levels (P &lt; 0.05), the LRR is less than 1, while the opposite trend was observed under T2 and T4 treatments. The aluminum transport coefficient TFsoil-root and TFroot-leaf increased in different proportions under the same aluminum concentration. The findings indicate that the application of endophytic fungi change the aluminum contents and transport from rhizospheric soil, roots to leaves. The specific effects of endophytic fungi vary with the degree of aluminum stress and the fungi genus. The study proves that inoculation of endophytic fungi can improve the aluminum tolerance of host plants, and thereby play an important role in promoting the sustainable development of forestry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decline of beech trees in a Mediterranean forest is associated with high rhizosphere oomycete diversity","authors":"C. Martínez-Arias ,&nbsp;M. Pastor-García ,&nbsp;J. Piñeiro ,&nbsp;D. Macaya-Sanz ,&nbsp;B. Scanu ,&nbsp;A. Brandano ,&nbsp;A. Solla ,&nbsp;R. López ,&nbsp;J.A. Martín","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the last decades, tree decline in European beech forests has been related to extreme climatic events and with the activity of parasitic oomycetes such as <em>Phytophthora</em> species. In Spain, little is known about the association of beech decline and soil oomycete composition. We hypothesized that the weakening of beech trees is associated with the activity and proliferation of parasitic oomycetes. We studied the rhizosphere oomycete community of large beech trees located in one of the southernmost beech forests in Europe. From soil samples collected in the rhizosphere, we used a metabarcoding approach to explore the oomycete community associated to asymptomatic and declining trees. We also studied fine root parameters in both groups of trees. A total of 99 oomycete amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were detected. Higher diversity and richness of oomycetes were observed in declining than in asymptomatic trees. The oomycete composition also differed between the two groups of trees. Declining trees showed lower fine root biomass and root density than asymptomatic trees, and root density was negatively correlated with the abundance of <em>Pythium</em> ASV counts. The genus <em>Phytophthora</em>, associated with beech decline in central Europe, was underrepresented in the oomycete community. The results suggest that decline-associated processes in beech trees are related with fine root weakening and loss which probably facilitates the entrance and colonization of opportunistic oomycete microbes. Although members in the genus <em>Pythium</em> do not seem to be a primary factor on beech decline, they probably contribute to the chronic decline of <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> trees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical properties of acid sulphate soil profoundly influence the composition of rhizobacterial community of rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Edna Mary Varghese ,&nbsp;Binoy Ambika Manirajan ,&nbsp;K.N. Anith ,&nbsp;M.S. Jisha","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100971","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The soils of &lt;em&gt;kari&lt;/em&gt; lands of Kuttanad, the ‘Rice bowl’ of Kerala, India are characterized as acid sulphate as they comprise of pyrite deposits. Productivity in these soils is at stake due to several constraints like high acidity and salinity, metal toxicity, nutrient unavailability, redox fluctuations, besides seasonal flooding. Sustainable management of acid sulphate soil is a critical priority to improve the rice output from these areas. Such soils would harbor unique innate microbial communities with definite abilities which could be exploited further for their sustainable amelioration. Development of inoculant technology with soil and crop specific beneficial microbial agents is expected to boost the production potential of &lt;em&gt;kari&lt;/em&gt; soils. However, the soil parameters would impose a great influence on the rhizobacterial community development in these geologically distinct soils. We studied the rhizobacterial communities (at the family level), associated with rice grown in five acid sulphate (&lt;em&gt;Purakkad&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Vaikom&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Ambalappuzha&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Thakazhi&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Kallara&lt;/em&gt;) as well as one non-acid sulphate (&lt;em&gt;Muhamma&lt;/em&gt;) soil series of geographically unique Kuttanad region. We also examined the effects of soil physicochemical attributes on shaping the rhizosphere bacterial community assemblage. The soil physicochemical attributes were analyzed using standard procedures and correlations existing amongst them were also determined. A metagenomic approach was adopted to study the rhizobacterial communities (family level) and were correlated with soil parameters using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Compared to other acid sulphate regions, &lt;em&gt;Thakazhi&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Kallara&lt;/em&gt; soils indicated higher electrical conductivity, available nitrogen, potassium, organic carbon, aluminium as well as iron and lowest pH and available phosphorus. Intense significant relationships were exhibited amongst the acid sulphate properties and soil nutrient contents. The taxa summary after the Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed the abundant rhizobacterial families in the soil samples as Anaerolineaceae, Ktedonobacteriaceae, Acidothermaceae, Acidimicrobiaceae, Clostridiaceae, Nocardioidaceae, Xanthobacteraceae, Methanobacteriaceae, Sphingomonadaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae. Acidothermaceae (14%) and Acidimicrobiaceae (12%) were found abundant exclusively in highly acid sulphate soil samples. Moreover, only a few shared taxa were observed between the soil samples, which denoted the uniqueness of each sample in terms of rhizobacterial communities. The shared taxa between highly acidic sampling areas include members of Acidothermaceae, Ktedonobacteraceae, Acidimicrobiaceae, Micrococcaceae, Stellaceae and Anaerolineaceae. CCA showed that pH, EC and Al content were the soil properties governing the bacterial assembly in the rhizosphere of actively tillering rice grown in acid sulphate soil followed by P and K. The data ge","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Native entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) provide effective biocontrol against Oriental leafworm moth, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in cabbage","authors":"Aarthi Nekkanti ,&nbsp;Jagadeesh Patil ,&nbsp;Sonia Soni ,&nbsp;Gotyal B S ,&nbsp;Manjunatha T. Gowda ,&nbsp;Jayalaxmi Ganguli ,&nbsp;S.N. Sushil","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Oriental leafworm, <em>Spodoptera litura</em>, is a polyphagous pest that attacks several crops. In this study, we studied the susceptibility of the larval and pupal stages of <em>S. litura</em> to native entomopathogenic nematodes <em>Heterorhabditis indica</em> NBAIRH80, and <em>S. surkhetense</em> NBAIRS81. Bioassay results revealed that upon inoculating 400 infective juveniles (IJ) larva⁻¹ to fourth-instar <em>S. litura</em> larvae with <em>H. indica</em> and <em>S. surkhetense</em>, <em>H. indica</em> caused 100% mortality whereas <em>S. surkhetense</em> caused 54% mortality. When <em>S. litura</em> pupae were inoculated with 50 IJ of <em>H. indica</em>, the pupal mortality was only 10% when the IJ concentration was increased to 600 IJ pupa⁻¹, the pupal mortality also increased to 80%. The percentage mortality in larvae and pupae of <em>S. litura</em> increased significantly with increase in the exposure time. Both nematode species were able to penetrate into the <em>S. litura</em> larvae and also completed their life cycle by producing large numbers of IJ. Pot and field experiments showed that cabbage plants sprayed with <em>H. indica</em> and flubendiamide significantly reduced the number of larvae, leaf injury (<em>H. indica</em>: 0.7: 0–4 scale flubendiamide: 0.4: 0–4 scale), head injury (<em>H. indica</em>: 0.5: 0–4 scale flubendiamide: 0.6: 0–4 scale) and increasing yield (<em>H. indica</em>: 23.57 tonnes ha⁻¹ flubendiamide: 25.53 tonnes ha⁻¹). These results showed that, H. indica performed equally well that of flubendiamide. Overall results showed that <em>H. indica</em> NBAIRH80 can be incorporated in integrated pest management programme for <em>S. litura.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}