Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.052
Priyanka Sanjay Pachpande, Mandakini S Mandale, Jyoti D Bhavthankar, Jayanti G Humbe, Poonam Rajendra Zanwar
The detection of a white and red lesion on the oral mucosa can bring a number of obstacles to the practitioner, since they can range from benign to malignant processes. An important group of ailments characterized by white and red patches of the oral mucosa include infections, traumatic lesions, systemic and local immune-mediated lesions, possibly cancerous disorders, and neoplasms. The oral mucosa is frequently affected with benign white lesions that don't need to be treated. These include birth defects or developmental disorders including Fordyce granules, hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis, pachyonychia congenita, and white sponge nevus. While many of the infective and inflammatory conditions for which causes are known can be treated in primary care, some persistent white and red patches, which have the potential to transform to malignancy, require a specialist's attention. Clinical diagnostic skills and good judgment forms the key to successful management of white and red lesions of the oral cavity. The primary goal of management of these lesions includes prevention, early detection, and treatment before malignant transformation. The aim of this article is to inform the clinician about management of red and white lesions of oral cavity.
{"title":"Red and white lessions of oral cavity a clinical perspective for diagnosis and treatment","authors":"Priyanka Sanjay Pachpande, Mandakini S Mandale, Jyoti D Bhavthankar, Jayanti G Humbe, Poonam Rajendra Zanwar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.052","url":null,"abstract":"The detection of a white and red lesion on the oral mucosa can bring a number of obstacles to the practitioner, since they can range from benign to malignant processes. An important group of ailments characterized by white and red patches of the oral mucosa include infections, traumatic lesions, systemic and local immune-mediated lesions, possibly cancerous disorders, and neoplasms. The oral mucosa is frequently affected with benign white lesions that don't need to be treated. These include birth defects or developmental disorders including Fordyce granules, hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis, pachyonychia congenita, and white sponge nevus. While many of the infective and inflammatory conditions for which causes are known can be treated in primary care, some persistent white and red patches, which have the potential to transform to malignancy, require a specialist's attention. Clinical diagnostic skills and good judgment forms the key to successful management of white and red lesions of the oral cavity. The primary goal of management of these lesions includes prevention, early detection, and treatment before malignant transformation. The aim of this article is to inform the clinician about management of red and white lesions of oral cavity.","PeriodicalId":486471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mesenteric fibromatosis or desmoids are a part of spectrum of deep fibromatosis. Deep fibromatosis is a group of proliferative, locally aggressive lesions that can be infiltrative and can recur without metastasis. Case report: A 42-year male came to hospital with complains of abdominal pain and discomfort. On imaging a mesenteric tumour was noted and diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumour was considered. On histopathological examination a spindle cell tumour of low grade was diagnosed. IHC came out to be SMA positive and negative for DOG1, CD34, desmin and CD117. Ki67 was around 4%. HPE and IHC favored a diagnosis of mesenteric fibromatosis. Conclusion: mesenteric GIST and fibromatosis are very similar in clinical & radiological presentation and moreover pathological picture is quite similar. To differentiate the two immunohistochemistry helps. The two entirely poles apart entities have different management hence should be differentiated to avoid unnecessary treatment in case of benign fibromatosis.
{"title":"Mesenteric firomatosis: A rare entity- case report","authors":"Swati Sharma, Anupam Sarma, Deep Jyoti Kalita, Shiraj Ahmed, Lopa Mudra Kakoti","doi":"10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.067","url":null,"abstract":"Mesenteric fibromatosis or desmoids are a part of spectrum of deep fibromatosis. Deep fibromatosis is a group of proliferative, locally aggressive lesions that can be infiltrative and can recur without metastasis. Case report: A 42-year male came to hospital with complains of abdominal pain and discomfort. On imaging a mesenteric tumour was noted and diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumour was considered. On histopathological examination a spindle cell tumour of low grade was diagnosed. IHC came out to be SMA positive and negative for DOG1, CD34, desmin and CD117. Ki67 was around 4%. HPE and IHC favored a diagnosis of mesenteric fibromatosis. Conclusion: mesenteric GIST and fibromatosis are very similar in clinical & radiological presentation and moreover pathological picture is quite similar. To differentiate the two immunohistochemistry helps. The two entirely poles apart entities have different management hence should be differentiated to avoid unnecessary treatment in case of benign fibromatosis.","PeriodicalId":486471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology","volume":"356 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.066
Kartavya Kumar Verma
Lipoma is a well-known and most common soft tissue tumor. But multiple lipomatosis are rare. Also, syndromic associations were documented. Familial multiple lipomatosis (FML) is an autosomal dominant disorder. It presents as multiple lipomas in the body at specific sites. In presenting case 26-year-old patient complained of multiple swellings in his forearms, both thigh, and anterior abdominal wall for 5 years. A diagnosis of multiple lipomatosis is made by Fine needle aspiration cytology and confirmed by histopathological examination.
{"title":"A rare case report of familial multiple lipomatosis and its diagnostic approach with review of literatures","authors":"Kartavya Kumar Verma","doi":"10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.066","url":null,"abstract":"Lipoma is a well-known and most common soft tissue tumor. But multiple lipomatosis are rare. Also, syndromic associations were documented. Familial multiple lipomatosis (FML) is an autosomal dominant disorder. It presents as multiple lipomas in the body at specific sites. In presenting case 26-year-old patient complained of multiple swellings in his forearms, both thigh, and anterior abdominal wall for 5 years. A diagnosis of multiple lipomatosis is made by Fine needle aspiration cytology and confirmed by histopathological examination.","PeriodicalId":486471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.053
Rose Mariya, Basil Cheriyan
Daratumumab is a novel and remedial monoclonal antibody with broad-spectrum killing activity. It has shown a favorable safety profile as monotherapy in cases with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Daratumumab along with its remedial benefits is associated with a range of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) most importantly Hypersensitivity reactions that can significantly impact patient outcomes and health-related quality of life. The standard of care can be maintained by administering pre-infusion prophylactic medications and also by optimizing the Daratumumab infusions. The review focuses on the adverse drug reactions induced by Daratumumab, various preventative measures, and management strategies opted for curbing the Daratumumab-mediated infusion-related hypersensitivity reactions.
{"title":"Addressing hypersensitivity reactions induced by Daratumumab: A review of management approaches and preventive measures","authors":"Rose Mariya, Basil Cheriyan","doi":"10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.053","url":null,"abstract":"Daratumumab is a novel and remedial monoclonal antibody with broad-spectrum killing activity. It has shown a favorable safety profile as monotherapy in cases with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Daratumumab along with its remedial benefits is associated with a range of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) most importantly Hypersensitivity reactions that can significantly impact patient outcomes and health-related quality of life. The standard of care can be maintained by administering pre-infusion prophylactic medications and also by optimizing the Daratumumab infusions. The review focuses on the adverse drug reactions induced by Daratumumab, various preventative measures, and management strategies opted for curbing the Daratumumab-mediated infusion-related hypersensitivity reactions.","PeriodicalId":486471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135485969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.062
Alina Kazmi, Noorin Zaidi, Sumaiya Irfan
Here we present a case of a 40-year old obese female admitted with the complaint of lower abdominal pain, pain during sexual intercourse and irregular menstruation. The transabdominal ultrasonography showed increased endometrial thickness. Histopathological examination showed (clear cell adenocarcinoma, endometroid carcinoma with squamous differentiation) mixed cell adenocarcinoma which is a very rare case.
{"title":"Mixed cell adenocarcinoma of uterus: A case report","authors":"Alina Kazmi, Noorin Zaidi, Sumaiya Irfan","doi":"10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.062","url":null,"abstract":"Here we present a case of a 40-year old obese female admitted with the complaint of lower abdominal pain, pain during sexual intercourse and irregular menstruation. The transabdominal ultrasonography showed increased endometrial thickness. Histopathological examination showed (clear cell adenocarcinoma, endometroid carcinoma with squamous differentiation) mixed cell adenocarcinoma which is a very rare case.","PeriodicalId":486471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lichen scrofulosorum, other name “tuberculosis cutis lichenoides” which is present as lichenoid eruption of minute papules, a rare tuberculid commonly seen in children and adolescents with tuberculosis. Mostly positive tuberculin reaction strongly associated with eruption. Diagnosis can be difficult in this type of lesion which is closely resemble to other type of dermatological conditions that are often primarily considered. Here we report a case of lichen scrofulosorum in a twenty year- old female having typical grouped lichenoid papules on the neck, hand and leg associated with itching.
{"title":"Lichen scrofulosorum- A rare case report","authors":"Shivani Singh, Noorin Zaidi, Sumaiya Irfan, Nirupma Lal","doi":"10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.065","url":null,"abstract":"Lichen scrofulosorum, other name “tuberculosis cutis lichenoides” which is present as lichenoid eruption of minute papules, a rare tuberculid commonly seen in children and adolescents with tuberculosis. Mostly positive tuberculin reaction strongly associated with eruption. Diagnosis can be difficult in this type of lesion which is closely resemble to other type of dermatological conditions that are often primarily considered. Here we report a case of lichen scrofulosorum in a twenty year- old female having typical grouped lichenoid papules on the neck, hand and leg associated with itching.","PeriodicalId":486471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neurofibroma are benign tumour of peripheral nerve sheath that are mostly sporadic. Solitary neurofibromas of breast are uncommon. In this study, a case of 21-year-old female was referred with complaint of hyper pigmented lump in left breast since birth with recent increase in size for 5 months. Ultrasonography revealed a well-defined hypoechoic Space occupying lesion in subcutaneous plane at 11’o clock position of left breast along with a large ill-defined hypoechoic area with normal vascularity noted extending from 11’o clock to 2’o clock areas in left breast. Microscopically, the underlying stroma showed proliferating spindle cells with interspersed collagen bundles. Spindle cells show bland serpentine (wavy dark) nuclei and scant cytoplasm.
{"title":"Neurofibroma of breast- A rare case report","authors":"Nishtha Bassi, Garima Shukla, Sumaiya Irfan, Noorin Zaidi, Sharique Ahmad, Nirupma Lal","doi":"10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.070","url":null,"abstract":"Neurofibroma are benign tumour of peripheral nerve sheath that are mostly sporadic. Solitary neurofibromas of breast are uncommon. In this study, a case of 21-year-old female was referred with complaint of hyper pigmented lump in left breast since birth with recent increase in size for 5 months. Ultrasonography revealed a well-defined hypoechoic Space occupying lesion in subcutaneous plane at 11’o clock position of left breast along with a large ill-defined hypoechoic area with normal vascularity noted extending from 11’o clock to 2’o clock areas in left breast. Microscopically, the underlying stroma showed proliferating spindle cells with interspersed collagen bundles. Spindle cells show bland serpentine (wavy dark) nuclei and scant cytoplasm.","PeriodicalId":486471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.057
Saranya Shankar, Mamatha Nalla, D Shobhitha, Ramya G Kumari, Jayasree G Pawar
Corona viruses are a large family of viruses of which Corona virus disease 19 (COVID 19) infection evokes a hyperinflammatory response and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in human beings. Complete blood count evaluation and peripheral smear examination is an essential tool for early diagnosis and management of COVID-19 positive patients. This study was aimed to evaluate the variations in complete blood counts (CBC) and changes in the cellular morphology in the blood smear in patients affected with COVID-19. This was an observational study, undertaken in a tertiary care center. The study included baseline blood samples from 96 proven COVID-19 positive cases. The samples were subjected for automated complete blood count analysis and peripheral smear examination. Thequantitative data were expressed by mean and Standard deviation. Qualitative categorical variables were expressed as numbers and percentages. Out of the total 96 cases, the most common quantitative finding was neutrophilic leukocytosis with relative lymphopenia. Five cases of absolute lymphopenia was observed. Majority of the cases had normal hemoglobin values and normal platelet counts. The characteristic morphological changes were seen in neutrophils and lymphocytes. The neutrophils showed presence of toxic granules, cytoplasmic vacuolations and hypolobation.The morphological alteration in lymphocytes included reactive lymphocytes with plasmacytoid and monocytoid morphology, large granular lymphocytes and Turk cells. Infrequent finding of leukoerythroblastic reaction was also observed in our study. To summarize, hematological investigation of COVID 19 cases may show several abnormal findings. Quantitative findings like Neutrophilia and lymphopenia were characteristic, whereas, the most common morphological alteration observed was atypical lymphocytes. Quantitative and qualitative alterations of hematological parameters are one of the investigations which would aid timely diagnosis of the disease. Toxic granules and cytoplasmic vacuolations in neutrophils may indicate ongoing sepsis in COVID 19 patients which in turn aids in efficient management of the patients to reduce the mortality rate.
{"title":"Variations in complete blood counts and cellular morphological alterations in blood smear of COVID-19 patients from a tertiary care center","authors":"Saranya Shankar, Mamatha Nalla, D Shobhitha, Ramya G Kumari, Jayasree G Pawar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.057","url":null,"abstract":"Corona viruses are a large family of viruses of which Corona virus disease 19 (COVID 19) infection evokes a hyperinflammatory response and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in human beings. Complete blood count evaluation and peripheral smear examination is an essential tool for early diagnosis and management of COVID-19 positive patients. This study was aimed to evaluate the variations in complete blood counts (CBC) and changes in the cellular morphology in the blood smear in patients affected with COVID-19. This was an observational study, undertaken in a tertiary care center. The study included baseline blood samples from 96 proven COVID-19 positive cases. The samples were subjected for automated complete blood count analysis and peripheral smear examination. Thequantitative data were expressed by mean and Standard deviation. Qualitative categorical variables were expressed as numbers and percentages. Out of the total 96 cases, the most common quantitative finding was neutrophilic leukocytosis with relative lymphopenia. Five cases of absolute lymphopenia was observed. Majority of the cases had normal hemoglobin values and normal platelet counts. The characteristic morphological changes were seen in neutrophils and lymphocytes. The neutrophils showed presence of toxic granules, cytoplasmic vacuolations and hypolobation.The morphological alteration in lymphocytes included reactive lymphocytes with plasmacytoid and monocytoid morphology, large granular lymphocytes and Turk cells. Infrequent finding of leukoerythroblastic reaction was also observed in our study. To summarize, hematological investigation of COVID 19 cases may show several abnormal findings. Quantitative findings like Neutrophilia and lymphopenia were characteristic, whereas, the most common morphological alteration observed was atypical lymphocytes. Quantitative and qualitative alterations of hematological parameters are one of the investigations which would aid timely diagnosis of the disease. Toxic granules and cytoplasmic vacuolations in neutrophils may indicate ongoing sepsis in COVID 19 patients which in turn aids in efficient management of the patients to reduce the mortality rate.","PeriodicalId":486471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ovarian epithelial tumours are common tumors of female genital tract and they account for vast majority of female ovarian neoplasms. ovarian seromucinous carcinomas (OSMC) are rare ovarian tumours containing serous and endocervical mucinous type cells. In 2020, World Health Organization Classification of Female Genital Tumors recategorized seromucinous ovarian carcinomas as ovarian endometrioid carcinoma with mucinous differentiation. Most OSMC present in stage I or II and have a favourable prognosis. We present the case of a 30-year-old female who presented with complaints of lower abdominal pain and abdominal distension. Contrast enhanced computed tomography of abdomen suggested a left sided malignant adnexal mass following which Left sided salpingo-oophorectomy was performed and histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry of specimen was done and a diagnosis of left ovarian seromucinous carcinoma was rendered.
{"title":"Seromucinous carcinoma of ovary - A rare entity","authors":"Madhuri Sethia, Bushra Siddiqui, Surabhi Gautam, Veena Maheshwari","doi":"10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2023.071","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian epithelial tumours are common tumors of female genital tract and they account for vast majority of female ovarian neoplasms. ovarian seromucinous carcinomas (OSMC) are rare ovarian tumours containing serous and endocervical mucinous type cells. In 2020, World Health Organization Classification of Female Genital Tumors recategorized seromucinous ovarian carcinomas as ovarian endometrioid carcinoma with mucinous differentiation. Most OSMC present in stage I or II and have a favourable prognosis. We present the case of a 30-year-old female who presented with complaints of lower abdominal pain and abdominal distension. Contrast enhanced computed tomography of abdomen suggested a left sided malignant adnexal mass following which Left sided salpingo-oophorectomy was performed and histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry of specimen was done and a diagnosis of left ovarian seromucinous carcinoma was rendered.","PeriodicalId":486471,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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