Sustainable Cities and Society最新文献_第3页

A new quantitative method for evaluating the impact of garden greening on outdoor thermal environment in summer - A case study of Japanese residential gardens 评估花园绿化对夏季室外热环境影响的新定量方法 - 日本住宅花园案例研究

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105962

Fulin Jia , Yaqin Cao , Weijun Gao , Wanxiang Yao , Xi Meng , Chao Wang , Tianhui Wang , Dewancker Bart

Garden greening can improve the outdoor thermal environment of buildings, but there is a lack of quantitative research on this aspect. First, this research quantitatively analyzes the effect of garden greening on the outdoor thermal environment by conducting field measurements at various distances from measurement points set up in a traditional Japanese residential garden during the summer, and a TDTE model was established. The results show that the outdoor thermal environment evaluation indices at each measurement point reach the maximum value of 13:00 daily. The outdoor thermal environment evaluation indices such as the average air temperature value at the nearest measurement point to the garden greening were 12 % lower than those at the farthest measurement point. Secondly, the TDTE model was established based on this foundation, and the validation of the measured data showed that the TDTE model had high reliability (the average RMSE value was 1.791, and the average MAPE value was 2.978). Finally, the model can provide ideas as well as the theoretical basis for quantitative research related to greening and outdoor thermal environments. This research provides scientific guidance for planning as well as reconstruction of residential garden greening.

庭院绿化可以改善建筑物的室外热环境，但目前缺乏这方面的定量研究。首先，本研究通过在日本传统民居庭院中设置的测点，在夏季进行不同距离的实地测量，定量分析了庭院绿化对室外热环境的影响，并建立了 TDTE 模型。结果表明，各测量点的室外热环境评价指数在每天 13:00 达到最大值。距离花园绿化最近的测量点的室外热环境评价指数（如平均气温值）比最远测量点的低 12%。其次，在此基础上建立了 TDTE 模型，对测量数据的验证表明，TDTE 模型具有较高的可靠性（平均 RMSE 值为 1.791，平均 MAPE 值为 2.978）。最后，该模型可为绿化和室外热环境相关定量研究提供思路和理论依据。本研究为居住区园林绿化的规划和重建提供了科学指导。

{"title":"A new quantitative method for evaluating the impact of garden greening on outdoor thermal environment in summer - A case study of Japanese residential gardens","authors":"Fulin Jia , Yaqin Cao , Weijun Gao , Wanxiang Yao , Xi Meng , Chao Wang , Tianhui Wang , Dewancker Bart","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Garden greening can improve the outdoor thermal environment of buildings, but there is a lack of quantitative research on this aspect. First, this research quantitatively analyzes the effect of garden greening on the outdoor thermal environment by conducting field measurements at various distances from measurement points set up in a traditional Japanese residential garden during the summer, and a TDTE model was established. The results show that the outdoor thermal environment evaluation indices at each measurement point reach the maximum value of 13:00 daily. The outdoor thermal environment evaluation indices such as the average air temperature value at the nearest measurement point to the garden greening were 12 % lower than those at the farthest measurement point. Secondly, the TDTE model was established based on this foundation, and the validation of the measured data showed that the TDTE model had high reliability (the average <em>RMSE</em> value was 1.791, and the average <em>MAPE</em> value was 2.978). Finally, the model can provide ideas as well as the theoretical basis for quantitative research related to greening and outdoor thermal environments. This research provides scientific guidance for planning as well as reconstruction of residential garden greening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105962"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supply-demand security assessment of water-energy-food systems: A perspective on intra-city coupling and inter-city linkages of ecosystem services 水-能源-粮食系统的供需安全评估：从生态系统服务的城市内耦合和城市间联系角度看问题

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105964

Wentong Yang , Junfei Chen , Tonghui Ding , Xiaodong Yan , Wenjie Gong

Ensuring the supply-demand security of water-energy-food systems (WEF) is paramount in sustainable cities. Leveraging ecosystem services (ESs) as a bridge between WEF supply and demand, this study proposes a conceptual framework for assessing the supply-demand security of WEF from the perspective of intra-city coupling and inter-city linkages of WEF-related ESs. Considering 14 Liaoning cities, we developed supply-demand indices for three ESs: water yield, carbon storage, and food production. The supply-demand security pattern of WEF was evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation, the Copula model, the coupling coordination degree model, the gravity model, and social network analysis, using these indices. The results show that the supply-demand security of WEF was higher in eastern Liaoning cities and weakened westward. Dandong had the highest supply-demand security, with a 98% probability of achieving moderate surplus in WEF resources. The regions of Dandong-Liaoyang-Anshan-Yingkou-Panjin-Jinzhou and Tieling-Fushun-Benxi formed two extreme WEF coupling coordination gravity networks. Liaoyang, Panjin, and Fuxin emerged as hubs in the WEF coupling coordination gravity networks and exhibited the highest degree and betweenness centrality values. Additionally, Fushun, Liaoyang, Dandong, and Tieling were identified as WEF high coupling coordination nodes. This supply-demand security assessment framework for WEF offers a scientific basis for developing sustainable city strategies.

确保水-能源-食物系统（WEF）的供需安全对可持续城市至关重要。本研究利用生态系统服务（ES）作为水-能源-食物系统供需之间的桥梁，从水-能源-食物系统相关生态系统服务的城市内耦合和城市间联系的角度，提出了评估水-能源-食物系统供需安全的概念框架。研究以辽宁省14个城市为研究对象，建立了水资源产量、碳储量和粮食产量三种环境服务的供需指数。利用这些指数，采用斯皮尔曼秩相关、Copula模型、耦合协调度模型、引力模型和社会网络分析等方法对WEF的供需安全格局进行了评价。结果表明，WEF 的供需安全在辽宁东部城市较高，向西减弱。丹东市的供需安全性最高，WEF资源实现适度过剩的概率为98%。丹东-辽阳-鞍山-营口-盘锦-锦州和铁岭-抚顺-本溪地区形成了两个极端的WEF耦合协调引力网络。辽阳、盘锦和阜新成为世界经济论坛耦合协调引力网络中的枢纽，并表现出最高的度和间度中心性值。此外，抚顺、辽阳、丹东和铁岭也被确定为世界经济论坛的高耦合协调节点。这一 WEF 供需安全评估框架为制定可持续城市战略提供了科学依据。

{"title":"Supply-demand security assessment of water-energy-food systems: A perspective on intra-city coupling and inter-city linkages of ecosystem services","authors":"Wentong Yang , Junfei Chen , Tonghui Ding , Xiaodong Yan , Wenjie Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ensuring the supply-demand security of water-energy-food systems (WEF) is paramount in sustainable cities. Leveraging ecosystem services (ESs) as a bridge between WEF supply and demand, this study proposes a conceptual framework for assessing the supply-demand security of WEF from the perspective of intra-city coupling and inter-city linkages of WEF-related ESs. Considering 14 Liaoning cities, we developed supply-demand indices for three ESs: water yield, carbon storage, and food production. The supply-demand security pattern of WEF was evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation, the Copula model, the coupling coordination degree model, the gravity model, and social network analysis, using these indices. The results show that the supply-demand security of WEF was higher in eastern Liaoning cities and weakened westward. Dandong had the highest supply-demand security, with a 98% probability of achieving moderate surplus in WEF resources. The regions of Dandong-Liaoyang-Anshan-Yingkou-Panjin-Jinzhou and Tieling-Fushun-Benxi formed two extreme WEF coupling coordination gravity networks. Liaoyang, Panjin, and Fuxin emerged as hubs in the WEF coupling coordination gravity networks and exhibited the highest degree and betweenness centrality values. Additionally, Fushun, Liaoyang, Dandong, and Tieling were identified as WEF high coupling coordination nodes. This supply-demand security assessment framework for WEF offers a scientific basis for developing sustainable city strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105964"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating urban risks for sustainability: A comprehensive evaluation of urban vulnerability based on a pressure–sensitivity–resilience framework 驾驭城市风险，实现可持续发展：基于压力-敏感性-复原力框架的城市脆弱性综合评估

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105961

Yongjie Wang, Jinjin Shu, Yu Yuan

Cities are important symbols of civilization in human society. The vulnerability to cities caused by human activities and natural disasters has become increasingly evident. How to reduce the vulnerability of cities is an important topic in the research of urban public safety and sustainable development. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation of urban vulnerability is conducted on the basis of the pressure–sensitivity–resilience framework from a complex systems perspective, integrating three subsystems—the resource–environment, economic, and social subsystems. On the basis of data from 18 cities in Sichuan Province, China, from 2006 to 2021, this study analyzes vulnerability in terms of its scores, spatial and temporal evolution, and obstacles. The results reveal that the overall vulnerability of the Sichuan Basin has shown a fluctuating downward trend over the past sixteen years, and the spatial distribution has evolved into a large “low-vulnerability” agglomeration. The obstacles affecting urban vulnerability are also changing dynamically and include factors such as the harmless treatment rate of household waste and industrial smoke dust emissions. Drawing from these insights, this study enables the identification and diagnosis of urban vulnerability and, further, provides city managers with tailored recommendations for crafting policies that aim to mitigate risks and promote sustainable development.

城市是人类社会文明的重要标志。人类活动和自然灾害给城市带来的脆弱性日益明显。如何降低城市的脆弱性，是城市公共安全和可持续发展研究的重要课题。本研究从复杂系统的视角出发，基于压力-敏感性-韧性框架，整合资源环境、经济和社会三个子系统，对城市脆弱性进行了综合评价。本研究以中国四川省 18 个城市 2006 年至 2021 年的数据为基础，从得分、时空演变和障碍等方面对脆弱性进行了分析。研究结果表明，过去 16 年来，四川盆地的整体脆弱性呈波动下降趋势，空间分布已演变为一个大型的 "低脆弱性 "聚集区。影响城市脆弱性的障碍也在动态变化，包括生活垃圾无害化处理率、工业烟尘排放等因素。根据这些见解，本研究能够识别和诊断城市脆弱性，并进一步为城市管理者提供有针对性的建议，以制定旨在降低风险和促进可持续发展的政策。

{"title":"Navigating urban risks for sustainability: A comprehensive evaluation of urban vulnerability based on a pressure–sensitivity–resilience framework","authors":"Yongjie Wang, Jinjin Shu, Yu Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cities are important symbols of civilization in human society. The vulnerability to cities caused by human activities and natural disasters has become increasingly evident. How to reduce the vulnerability of cities is an important topic in the research of urban public safety and sustainable development. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation of urban vulnerability is conducted on the basis of the pressure–sensitivity–resilience framework from a complex systems perspective, integrating three subsystems—the resource–environment, economic, and social subsystems. On the basis of data from 18 cities in Sichuan Province, China, from 2006 to 2021, this study analyzes vulnerability in terms of its scores, spatial and temporal evolution, and obstacles. The results reveal that the overall vulnerability of the Sichuan Basin has shown a fluctuating downward trend over the past sixteen years, and the spatial distribution has evolved into a large “low-vulnerability” agglomeration. The obstacles affecting urban vulnerability are also changing dynamically and include factors such as the harmless treatment rate of household waste and industrial smoke dust emissions. Drawing from these insights, this study enables the identification and diagnosis of urban vulnerability and, further, provides city managers with tailored recommendations for crafting policies that aim to mitigate risks and promote sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105961"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic energy management and control of networked microgrids based on load to grid services and incentive-based demand response programs: A multi-agent deep reinforcement learning approach 基于负载到电网服务和激励型需求响应计划的联网微电网动态能源管理与控制：多代理深度强化学习方法

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105957

Masoumeh Rezazadeh Seylab , Mehdi S. Naderi , Gevork B. Gharehpetian

This study has presented the energy management paradigm in a networked microgrid structure based on L2G services and considering incentive-based load response (IBDR) programs and energy market requirements to reduce operating costs, control and restore voltage and frequency index, providing the benefits of subscribers and distribution system operators. In this study, multi-objective functions such as optimal operation based on IBDR structure and energy market requirements, risk assessment, and L2G service approach are configured in the framework of central and local controllers. Optimal operation and risk assessment are analyzed by a multi-task learning algorithm based on multi-objective function and L2G service policies are evaluated based on multi-agent deep reinforcement learning. Control policies are sent by the communication system to the components affecting the optimal power distribution as well as the voltage and frequency controllers. L2G services have been evaluated in different scenarios such as plug-and-play operating conditions, load fluctuations, and operating in island mode. The results of optimal operation based on L2G services show that the IBDR program implementation reduces the total operation cost by 21%. Also, the total operating cost of the proposed framework is 13.97% less than the RL method and 27.8% less than the ANN method.

本研究提出了基于 L2G 服务的联网微电网结构中的能源管理范例，并考虑了基于激励的负荷响应（IBDR）计划和能源市场需求，以降低运营成本、控制和恢复电压与频率指数，为用户和配电系统运营商带来效益。在本研究中，基于 IBDR 结构和能源市场要求的优化运行、风险评估和 L2G 服务方法等多目标功能被配置在中央和本地控制器的框架内。基于多目标函数的多任务学习算法分析了优化运行和风险评估，基于多代理深度强化学习评估了 L2G 服务策略。控制策略由通信系统发送给影响最佳配电的组件以及电压和频率控制器。L2G 服务在不同场景下进行了评估，如即插即用运行条件、负载波动和孤岛模式运行。基于 L2G 服务的优化运行结果表明，IBDR 程序的实施降低了 21% 的总运行成本。此外，拟议框架的总运营成本比 RL 方法低 13.97%，比 ANN 方法低 27.8%。

{"title":"Dynamic energy management and control of networked microgrids based on load to grid services and incentive-based demand response programs: A multi-agent deep reinforcement learning approach","authors":"Masoumeh Rezazadeh Seylab , Mehdi S. Naderi , Gevork B. Gharehpetian","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study has presented the energy management paradigm in a networked microgrid structure based on L2G services and considering incentive-based load response (IBDR) programs and energy market requirements to reduce operating costs, control and restore voltage and frequency index, providing the benefits of subscribers and distribution system operators. In this study, multi-objective functions such as optimal operation based on IBDR structure and energy market requirements, risk assessment, and L2G service approach are configured in the framework of central and local controllers. Optimal operation and risk assessment are analyzed by a multi-task learning algorithm based on multi-objective function and L2G service policies are evaluated based on multi-agent deep reinforcement learning. Control policies are sent by the communication system to the components affecting the optimal power distribution as well as the voltage and frequency controllers. L2G services have been evaluated in different scenarios such as plug-and-play operating conditions, load fluctuations, and operating in island mode. The results of optimal operation based on L2G services show that the IBDR program implementation reduces the total operation cost by 21%. Also, the total operating cost of the proposed framework is 13.97% less than the RL method and 27.8% less than the ANN method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105957"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

China's newest design of apartment buildings with modernized façade: A comparative evaluation of its energy performance in five major climate zones 中国最新外立面现代化公寓建筑设计：五大气候区能效对比评估

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105954

Xiaofei Chen , Ziqi Xu , Yiqun Qiu , Haoxing Hu , Xingtian Wang

Many studies have indicated that the energy efficiency of residential buildings can greatly mitigate energy shortages and environmental problems. High window-to-wall ratio, flat geometric shape, and open space layout are the key characteristics of apartment buildings with modernized façade (ABMF), and the major design trend dominating China's housing market. This study aims to understand the isolated effects of these three design factors on the energy performance of ABMF in five major climate zones using a parametric performance design method. Three important findings were concluded: 1) the energy use intensity (EUI) of ABMF showed a positive relationship to the window-to-wall ratio in five climate zones. Qingdao in Cold Region (2.12 kWh/m²) and Kunming in Temperate Region (1.04 kWh/m²) exhibited lowest average increase in EUI; 2) the reduction of EUI was twice as much in Kunming than in the other four cities, when the aspect ratio of ABMF changed from 1.75 to 0.95; 3) the ‘exterior-side hall’ was the most energy-efficient layout in the five cities. This study is the first to investigate the energy performance of the newest apartment design and hopefully can attract more studies to explore the suitability of ABMF for the sustainable development of China's housing market.

许多研究表明，住宅建筑节能可以大大缓解能源短缺和环境问题。高窗墙比、平面几何形状和开放空间布局是现代化外墙公寓建筑（ABMF）的主要特征，也是主导中国住宅市场的主要设计趋势。本研究采用参数性能设计方法，旨在了解这三个设计因素对五大气候区现代化外墙公寓节能性能的单独影响。研究得出了三个重要结论1) 在五个气候区，建筑节能材料的能源使用强度（EUI）与窗墙比呈正相关。寒冷地区的青岛（2.12 kWh/m2）和温带地区的昆明（1.04 kWh/m2）的 EUI 平均增幅最低；2）当 ABMF 的长宽比从 1.75 变为 0.95 时，昆明的 EUI 降幅是其他四个城市的两倍；3）在五个城市中，"外侧大厅 "是最节能的布局。本研究首次对最新公寓设计的节能性能进行了调查，希望能吸引更多的研究来探索 ABMF 是否适合中国住房市场的可持续发展。

{"title":"China's newest design of apartment buildings with modernized façade: A comparative evaluation of its energy performance in five major climate zones","authors":"Xiaofei Chen , Ziqi Xu , Yiqun Qiu , Haoxing Hu , Xingtian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many studies have indicated that the energy efficiency of residential buildings can greatly mitigate energy shortages and environmental problems. High window-to-wall ratio, flat geometric shape, and open space layout are the key characteristics of apartment buildings with modernized façade (ABMF), and the major design trend dominating China's housing market. This study aims to understand the isolated effects of these three design factors on the energy performance of ABMF in five major climate zones using a parametric performance design method. Three important findings were concluded: 1) the energy use intensity (EUI) of ABMF showed a positive relationship to the window-to-wall ratio in five climate zones. Qingdao in Cold Region (2.12 kWh/m<sup>2</sup>) and Kunming in Temperate Region (1.04 kWh/m<sup>2</sup>) exhibited lowest average increase in EUI; 2) the reduction of EUI was twice as much in Kunming than in the other four cities, when the aspect ratio of ABMF changed from 1.75 to 0.95; 3) the ‘exterior-side hall’ was the most energy-efficient layout in the five cities. This study is the first to investigate the energy performance of the newest apartment design and hopefully can attract more studies to explore the suitability of ABMF for the sustainable development of China's housing market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105954"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate adaptation strategies for active transportation: Barriers and facilitators in U.S. cities 主动交通的气候适应战略：美国城市的障碍和促进因素

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105956

Alessandro Rigolon, Nawshin Tabassum, Reid Ewing

Despite efforts to mitigate climate change by promoting active travel, limited research has focused on climate adaptation for active transportation (CAAT) initiatives. To address this gap, we conducted a qualitative study based on interviews with 30 planning professionals to uncover what CAAT projects U.S. cities are implementing, their barriers, and their facilitators. We found that U.S. cities are increasingly implementing CAAT projects such as street trees and green stormwater infrastructure to address threats like extreme heat and pluvial flooding. Importantly, CAAT projects require collaborations between city departments (e.g., transportation and forestry). We also identified a complex network of barriers and facilitators shaping CAAT project implementation. Funding, politics, laws, and cross-department collaborations can be barriers and facilitators, and supportive (or unsupportive) politics and laws are strongly connected. Additionally, underserved communities face unique barriers to implementing CAAT projects, but recent facilitators such as dedicated funding have contributed to equitable investment.

尽管人们努力通过促进积极出行来减缓气候变化，但有关积极交通（CAAT）气候适应措施的研究却十分有限。为了弥补这一不足，我们对 30 位规划专业人士进行了访谈，并在此基础上开展了一项定性研究，以揭示美国城市正在实施哪些 CAAT 项目、其障碍和促进因素。我们发现，美国城市正在越来越多地实施 CAAT 项目，如行道树和绿色雨水基础设施，以应对极端高温和冲积洪水等威胁。重要的是，CAAT 项目需要城市各部门（如交通和林业）之间的合作。我们还发现了影响 CAAT 项目实施的复杂障碍和促进因素网络。资金、政治、法律和跨部门合作既可能是障碍，也可能是促进因素，而支持（或不支持）的政治和法律之间存在密切联系。此外，服务不足的社区在实施 CAAT 项目时面临独特的障碍，但最近的促进因素（如专项资金）有助于公平投资。

{"title":"Climate adaptation strategies for active transportation: Barriers and facilitators in U.S. cities","authors":"Alessandro Rigolon, Nawshin Tabassum, Reid Ewing","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite efforts to mitigate climate change by promoting active travel, limited research has focused on climate adaptation for active transportation (CAAT) initiatives. To address this gap, we conducted a qualitative study based on interviews with 30 planning professionals to uncover what CAAT projects U.S. cities are implementing, their barriers, and their facilitators. We found that U.S. cities are increasingly implementing CAAT projects such as street trees and green stormwater infrastructure to address threats like extreme heat and pluvial flooding. Importantly, CAAT projects require collaborations between city departments (e.g., transportation and forestry). We also identified a complex network of barriers and facilitators shaping CAAT project implementation. Funding, politics, laws, and cross-department collaborations can be barriers and facilitators, and supportive (or unsupportive) politics and laws are strongly connected. Additionally, underserved communities face unique barriers to implementing CAAT projects, but recent facilitators such as dedicated funding have contributed to equitable investment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105956"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Operational sensitivity analysis of flooding volume in urban areas 城市地区洪水量的运行敏感性分析

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105928

Leonardo Sandoval, Aronne Dell’Oca, Monica Riva

We focus on a probability-based approach to analyze the flooding volume during extreme rainfall events in urban areas. Our approach considers uncertainty in both non-operational and operational variables. The former are quantities that are tied to the characterization of rainfall events and key catchment features, whose uncertainties stem from incomplete characterization. The latter comprise elements of the system on which actions can be taken within a range of design values. As the non-deterministic nature of these two types of quantities differs at a fundamental level, we rely on an operational Global Sensitivity Analysis theoretical framework that explicitly recognizes this distinction. As a test bed to showcase our approach, we consider an urban catchment in Northern Italy. We assess the sensitivity of the flooding volume to a set of operational variables, such as diameter and roughness of a set of conduits of the sewer network as well as potential improvement of the infiltration capacity of the urban catchment. We show that our approach can identify the operational configuration with the highest effectiveness in mitigating instances of flooding, taking into account the uncertainties in the non-operational quantities that drive the system behavior.

我们重点采用基于概率的方法来分析城市地区极端降雨事件期间的洪水量。我们的方法考虑了非运行变量和运行变量的不确定性。前者是与降雨事件特征和主要流域特征相关联的数量，其不确定性源于特征描述的不完整。后者包括在设计值范围内可采取行动的系统要素。由于这两类数量的非确定性在本质上有所不同，我们采用了一个可操作的全局敏感性分析理论框架，该框架明确承认了这一区别。作为展示我们方法的试验平台，我们考虑了意大利北部的一个城市集水区。我们评估了洪水量对一系列运行变量的敏感性，如下水道网络一组导管的直径和粗糙度，以及城市集水区渗透能力的潜在改进。我们的研究结果表明，考虑到驱动系统行为的非操作量的不确定性，我们的方法可以确定在缓解洪水情况方面最有效的操作配置。

{"title":"Operational sensitivity analysis of flooding volume in urban areas","authors":"Leonardo Sandoval, Aronne Dell’Oca, Monica Riva","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We focus on a probability-based approach to analyze the flooding volume during extreme rainfall events in urban areas. Our approach considers uncertainty in both <em>non-operational</em> and <em>operational</em> variables. The former are quantities that are tied to the characterization of rainfall events and key catchment features, whose uncertainties stem from incomplete characterization. The latter comprise elements of the system on which actions can be taken within a range of design values. As the non-deterministic nature of these two types of quantities differs at a fundamental level, we rely on an operational Global Sensitivity Analysis theoretical framework that explicitly recognizes this distinction. As a test bed to showcase our approach, we consider an urban catchment in Northern Italy. We assess the sensitivity of the flooding volume to a set of <em>operational</em> variables, such as diameter and roughness of a set of conduits of the sewer network as well as potential improvement of the infiltration capacity of the urban catchment. We show that our approach can identify the operational configuration with the highest effectiveness in mitigating instances of flooding, taking into account the uncertainties in the <em>non-operational</em> quantities that drive the system behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105928"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maximizing the net economic benefits of regulating indoor air quality in China 中国室内空气质量监管的净经济效益最大化

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105938

Keqin Yang , Ningrui Liu , Charles J. Weschler , Louise B. Weschler , Jinhan Mo , Ying Xu , Jingya Wei , Yiming Wang , Zhuohui Zhao , Haidong Kan , Yinping Zhang

The WHO guideline levels for indoor air pollutants (IAPs) are based solely on health considerations. Attaining these levels may cost a disproportionate fraction of available public health funds. To maximize the net economic benefit (NEB, = benefits - costs) of controlling IAPs, we develop a method based upon a new concept, optimal control concentration (OCC). For China, the estimated OCCs for indoor PM_2.5 and formaldehyde in residences are 15 μg/m³ and 25 μg/m³, respectively. The estimated NEB achieved by controlling IAPs to their OCCs is almost 500 billion CNY a year, much greater than that of meeting the WHO guidelines (a negative NEB) and two Chinese standards (a negative NEB and about 200 billion CNY). Our method can be used by other countries to cost-effectively control IAPs.

世界卫生组织的室内空气污染物（IAPs）指导水平完全基于健康考虑。要达到这些水平，可能需要花费过多的可用公共卫生资金。为了最大限度地提高控制 IAPs 的净经济效益（NEB，=效益-成本），我们开发了一种基于新概念的方法，即最佳控制浓度（OCC）。在中国，住宅室内 PM2.5 和甲醛的最佳控制浓度估计值分别为 15 μg/m3 和 25 μg/m3。将 IAPs 控制在其 OCCs 范围内估计每年可实现近 5000 亿元人民币的净减排量，远高于满足世界卫生组织指南（负净减排量）和两项中国标准（负净减排量和约 2000 亿元人民币）的净减排量。我们的方法可供其他国家使用，以经济有效的方式控制 IAPs。

引用次数: 0

How sustainable is electric vehicle adoption? Insights from a PRISMA review 采用电动汽车的可持续性如何？PRISMA审查的启示

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105950

Niklas Tilly , Tan Yigitcanlar , Kenan Degirmenci , Alexander Paz

The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) for personal passenger transportation in cities is increasingly impacting our society and environment, offering benefits such as reduced tailpipe emissions and noise pollution. However, while the existing literature predominantly concentrates on technological advancements and environmental benefits, there are emerging undesirable side effects that, if left unaddressed, may undermine the overall sustainability of urban mobility. The objective of this study is to identify the externalities associated with increased EV adoption in urban environments and to propose mitigation strategies that assist individuals and policymakers in making informed decisions about electric mobility choices. Therefore, a systematic literature review following the PRISMA protocol is performed to consolidate previous research on the externalities of increased EV adoption in urban environments and explore mitigation strategies. The analysis reveals that EV adoption: amplifies transport-related social inequalities; contributes to natural resource and habitat degradation; requires substantial charging infrastructure and power network investments, which necessitates mitigation strategies to extend beyond technical advancements, emphasising a shift from personal to public and shared transportation. The study findings offer invaluable insights for policymakers and scholars alike, underscoring the necessity for comprehensive urban mobility concepts that encompass sustainable passenger transportation modes and active government and citizen participation.

在城市中采用电动汽车（EV）作为个人客运交通工具对我们的社会和环境产生了越来越大的影响，带来了减少尾气排放和噪音污染等好处。然而，虽然现有文献主要集中在技术进步和环境效益方面，但也出现了一些不良的副作用，如果不加以解决，可能会破坏城市交通的整体可持续性。本研究的目的是识别城市环境中电动汽车应用增加所带来的外部效应，并提出缓解策略，帮助个人和决策者在选择电动交通方式时做出明智决策。因此，本研究按照 PRISMA 协议进行了系统的文献综述，以整合以往关于城市环境中电动汽车应用增加的外部性的研究，并探讨缓解策略。分析表明，电动汽车的采用：扩大了与交通相关的社会不平等；导致自然资源和栖息地退化；需要大量充电基础设施和电力网络投资，这就需要采取超越技术进步的缓解策略，强调从个人交通向公共交通和共享交通的转变。研究结果为政策制定者和学者提供了宝贵的见解，强调了综合城市交通概念的必要性，其中包括可持续的客运交通模式以及政府和公民的积极参与。

{"title":"How sustainable is electric vehicle adoption? Insights from a PRISMA review","authors":"Niklas Tilly , Tan Yigitcanlar , Kenan Degirmenci , Alexander Paz","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) for personal passenger transportation in cities is increasingly impacting our society and environment, offering benefits such as reduced tailpipe emissions and noise pollution. However, while the existing literature predominantly concentrates on technological advancements and environmental benefits, there are emerging undesirable side effects that, if left unaddressed, may undermine the overall sustainability of urban mobility. The objective of this study is to identify the externalities associated with increased EV adoption in urban environments and to propose mitigation strategies that assist individuals and policymakers in making informed decisions about electric mobility choices. Therefore, a systematic literature review following the PRISMA protocol is performed to consolidate previous research on the externalities of increased EV adoption in urban environments and explore mitigation strategies. The analysis reveals that EV adoption: amplifies transport-related social inequalities; contributes to natural resource and habitat degradation; requires substantial charging infrastructure and power network investments, which necessitates mitigation strategies to extend beyond technical advancements, emphasising a shift from personal to public and shared transportation. The study findings offer invaluable insights for policymakers and scholars alike, underscoring the necessity for comprehensive urban mobility concepts that encompass sustainable passenger transportation modes and active government and citizen participation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105950"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of diverse vegetation assemblages on the thermal behavior of extensive vegetated roofs 多种植被组合对大面积植被屋顶热行为的影响

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105952

Federico O. Robbiati , Natalia Cáceres , Gustavo Ovando , Mario Suárez , Emmanuel Hick , Gustavo Barea , C.Y. Jim , Leonardo Galetto , Lelia Imhof

Extensive vegetated roofs (EVRs) offer effective nature-based solutions to cities, mitigating thermal extremes induced by urbanization and climate change. A field experiment monitored EVR's thermal regulation in summer and winter. Two sites with contrasting microclimatic conditions in Córdoba city, Argentina, were compared: city center (Core of the urban heat island, UHI) and city periphery (Fringe of the UHI). Diverse plant assemblages constituted five treatments to evaluate plant and thermal performance. A Random Forest model analyzed the contributions of various factors to thermal benefits. All treatments showed > 60 % plant survival rates, and four treatments achieved > 90 % coverage. In winter, the assemblages, including succulents, herbs, and graminoids, offer effective thermal regulation. In summer, thermal performance differed between the two sites. At the Fringe, the native flora (herbaceous and graminoids) + herbaceous + succulents, and succulents + graminoids furnished outstanding thermal regulation. Conversely, at the Core, succulents outperformed. The coverage was the dominant variable for predicting thermal performance, followed by season and location. The findings provide the basis for designing EVRs to optimize thermal benefits.

大面积植被屋顶（EVR）为城市提供了基于自然的有效解决方案，缓解了城市化和气候变化引起的极端热量。一项实地实验监测了 EVR 在夏季和冬季的热调节情况。对比了阿根廷科尔多瓦市两个小气候条件截然不同的地点：市中心（城市热岛的核心）和城市边缘（城市热岛的边缘）。不同的植物组合构成五个处理，以评估植物和热性能。随机森林模型分析了各种因素对热效益的贡献。所有处理的植物存活率均为 60%，其中四个处理的覆盖率达到 90%。在冬季，包括多肉植物、草本植物和禾本科植物在内的植物组合能有效调节热量。在夏季，两个地点的热性能有所不同。在边缘地带，原生植物群（草本植物和禾本科植物）+草本植物+肉质植物，以及肉质植物+禾本科植物的热调节效果显著。相反，在核心区，多肉植物的表现更为突出。覆盖范围是预测热性能的主要变量，其次是季节和地点。这些发现为设计 EVR 以优化热效益提供了依据。

{"title":"Effects of diverse vegetation assemblages on the thermal behavior of extensive vegetated roofs","authors":"Federico O. Robbiati , Natalia Cáceres , Gustavo Ovando , Mario Suárez , Emmanuel Hick , Gustavo Barea , C.Y. Jim , Leonardo Galetto , Lelia Imhof","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.105952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive vegetated roofs (EVRs) offer effective nature-based solutions to cities, mitigating thermal extremes induced by urbanization and climate change. A field experiment monitored EVR's thermal regulation in summer and winter. Two sites with contrasting microclimatic conditions in Córdoba city, Argentina, were compared: city center (Core of the urban heat island, UHI) and city periphery (Fringe of the UHI). Diverse plant assemblages constituted five treatments to evaluate plant and thermal performance. A Random Forest model analyzed the contributions of various factors to thermal benefits. All treatments showed > 60 % plant survival rates, and four treatments achieved > 90 % coverage. In winter, the assemblages, including succulents, herbs, and graminoids, offer effective thermal regulation. In summer, thermal performance differed between the two sites. At the Fringe, the native flora (herbaceous and graminoids) + herbaceous + succulents, and succulents + graminoids furnished outstanding thermal regulation. Conversely, at the Core, succulents outperformed. The coverage was the dominant variable for predicting thermal performance, followed by season and location. The findings provide the basis for designing EVRs to optimize thermal benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105952"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0