Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.09.001
Lei Yang, Ben Yang, Yu-Ning Yang, Michael Steiner
The Niuniuzhai section in Leibo County, southern Sichuan, China, is part of the western carbonate platform of the Yangtze Block. The section is crucial for correlating early Cambrian successions in the eastern Yunnan and southern Sichuan areas. A comprehensive biostratigraphic analysis of small skeletal fossils (SSFs) from this section identifies three SSF assemblages: (1) the oldest from an interval of uncertain age affinity in the middle and upper Dahai Member of the Zhujiaqing Formation; (2) the Watsonella crosbyi Assemblage Zone (Zone Ⅲ) in the upper Dahai Member of the Zhujiaqing Formation; and (3) the Sinosachites flabelliformis–Tannuolina zhangwentangi Assemblage Zone (Zone IV) in the middle Shiyantou Formation. These SSF assemblage zones in the Niuniuzhai section correlate well with sections from eastern Yunnan and southern Sichuan, indicating a coherent Terreneuvian succession on the the Yangtze Platform and in other continents.
{"title":"Biostratigraphy of the early Cambrian small skeletal fossils from the Niuniuzhai section of southern Sichuan in China","authors":"Lei Yang, Ben Yang, Yu-Ning Yang, Michael Steiner","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"The Niuniuzhai section in Leibo County, southern Sichuan, China, is part of the western carbonate platform of the Yangtze Block. The section is crucial for correlating early Cambrian successions in the eastern Yunnan and southern Sichuan areas. A comprehensive biostratigraphic analysis of small skeletal fossils (SSFs) from this section identifies three SSF assemblages: (1) the oldest from an interval of uncertain age affinity in the middle and upper Dahai Member of the Zhujiaqing Formation; (2) the <ce:italic>Watsonella crosbyi</ce:italic> Assemblage Zone (Zone Ⅲ) in the upper Dahai Member of the Zhujiaqing Formation; and (3) the <ce:italic>Sinosachites flabelliformis</ce:italic>–<ce:italic>Tannuolina zhangwentangi</ce:italic> Assemblage Zone (Zone IV) in the middle Shiyantou Formation. These SSF assemblage zones in the Niuniuzhai section correlate well with sections from eastern Yunnan and southern Sichuan, indicating a coherent Terreneuvian succession on the the Yangtze Platform and in other continents.","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100876
Yan Liu, Qiao-Er Ying, Qi-Jia Li, Ning Zhou, Cao Zhang, Yu-Jin Zhang, Xiao Tan, Fei Liang
The extreme greenhouse climate during the period of oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) in the Cretaceous is recognized based on marine stratigraphy, whereas the palaeoclimate remains poorly understood based on the terrestrial record due to the limitations of quantitative methods. The nearest living equivalent method, such as using the stomatal index of as a proxy, provides insight into reconstructing the terrestrial palaeoclimate during OAEs. However, due to the lack of well-preserved fossils with epidermal features and applicable quantitative methods, there are still controversies regarding the classification and nomenclature of species in the genus , which have been assigned to , , or . Here, we report well-preserved fossil leaves from the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation in Changtu County, Liaoning Province, Northeast China. The fossil dry leaf mass per area (LMA) was estimated as a quantitative morphological and ecological proxy. The LMA results of 192–241 g/m for different specimens are very close, suggesting that these homonyms should be assigned to the same species. Therefore, combining the detailed epidermal features and a quantitative morphological proxy (LMA), we summarized and amended the previously described fossils into . Moreover, using the stomatal index of . , the palaeo-atmospheric CO concentration was calculated at 1270 ppmv using the Barclay SI-CO curve during the middle to late Aptian, indicating a typical greenhouse climate, which may be associated with the OAE global temperature increase event.
{"title":"Ginkgoites manchurica from the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation of Liaoning, China, and its palaeoclimate implications","authors":"Yan Liu, Qiao-Er Ying, Qi-Jia Li, Ning Zhou, Cao Zhang, Yu-Jin Zhang, Xiao Tan, Fei Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100876","url":null,"abstract":"The extreme greenhouse climate during the period of oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) in the Cretaceous is recognized based on marine stratigraphy, whereas the palaeoclimate remains poorly understood based on the terrestrial record due to the limitations of quantitative methods. The nearest living equivalent method, such as using the stomatal index of as a proxy, provides insight into reconstructing the terrestrial palaeoclimate during OAEs. However, due to the lack of well-preserved fossils with epidermal features and applicable quantitative methods, there are still controversies regarding the classification and nomenclature of species in the genus , which have been assigned to , , or . Here, we report well-preserved fossil leaves from the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation in Changtu County, Liaoning Province, Northeast China. The fossil dry leaf mass per area (LMA) was estimated as a quantitative morphological and ecological proxy. The LMA results of 192–241 g/m for different specimens are very close, suggesting that these homonyms should be assigned to the same species. Therefore, combining the detailed epidermal features and a quantitative morphological proxy (LMA), we summarized and amended the previously described fossils into . Moreover, using the stomatal index of . , the palaeo-atmospheric CO concentration was calculated at 1270 ppmv using the Barclay SI-CO curve during the middle to late Aptian, indicating a typical greenhouse climate, which may be associated with the OAE global temperature increase event.","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100875
Lei Zhang, Shan Chang, Xia Wang, Marie-Béatrice Forel, Qing-Lai Feng, Wei-Hong He, Taniel Danelian, Martial Caridroit, Qian Liu, Xing-Lin Li
It remains unclear how radiolarian lineages adapted to the changing environments through the Guadalupian–Lopingian boundary (G-LB) interval. In this study, a well-preserved radiolarian fauna was obtained from silty cherts and siltstones deposited throughout the G-LB of the Sanpaoling, Yutouling, and Xiaqianling sections, located in Qinzhou City, Guangxi, China. Two genera of Albaillellaria, including ten species of and two species/morphotypes, are presented in this study. This assemblage is correlated with the Interval Zone. Based on the material obtained near the G-LB, the taxonomic value of pores on the test of species is here evaluated. This research documents a relatively significant morphological variation of the Albaillellarian lineages and an evolutionary reversal in through the G-LB. Based on the combination of the faunal and evolutionary response in the studied area, we suggest that the G-LB witnessed rapidly changing environmental conditions, imposing adaptive pressure on radiolarians, at least on the deep-dwelling Albaillellarians.
{"title":"Albaillellarian (radiolaria) assemblages across the Guadalupian–Lopingian boundary (Permian) and their environmental implications","authors":"Lei Zhang, Shan Chang, Xia Wang, Marie-Béatrice Forel, Qing-Lai Feng, Wei-Hong He, Taniel Danelian, Martial Caridroit, Qian Liu, Xing-Lin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100875","url":null,"abstract":"It remains unclear how radiolarian lineages adapted to the changing environments through the Guadalupian–Lopingian boundary (G-LB) interval. In this study, a well-preserved radiolarian fauna was obtained from silty cherts and siltstones deposited throughout the G-LB of the Sanpaoling, Yutouling, and Xiaqianling sections, located in Qinzhou City, Guangxi, China. Two genera of Albaillellaria, including ten species of and two species/morphotypes, are presented in this study. This assemblage is correlated with the Interval Zone. Based on the material obtained near the G-LB, the taxonomic value of pores on the test of species is here evaluated. This research documents a relatively significant morphological variation of the Albaillellarian lineages and an evolutionary reversal in through the G-LB. Based on the combination of the faunal and evolutionary response in the studied area, we suggest that the G-LB witnessed rapidly changing environmental conditions, imposing adaptive pressure on radiolarians, at least on the deep-dwelling Albaillellarians.","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100874
Shi-Qi Wang, Xue-Ping Ji, Chun-Xia Zhang, Yi Wang, Guang-Ya Chen, Zhi-Guang Hu, Hui-Fang Yang
Dichobunoids were the most basal artiodactyl group, widely distributed throughout the Eocene of Eurasia and North America, but were rarely reported from southern China. In this paper, we report the first dichobunoid artiodactyl, n. gen. n. sp., from the middle Eocene of Lunan Basin (Shilin County), China. is characterized by its relatively large size, bunoselenodont tooth morphology with a highly developed p4 metaconid, and a mesially interrupted paracristid formed by a weak premetacristid and a strong preprotocristid. This morphology distinguishes from all known dichobunoid artiodactyls. Within dichobunoids, resembles from the Eocene of Southeast Asia and “” from the Eocene of Shanxi, China, by the relatively large size, the absence of the paraconid, and the well-development of the hypolophid. However, still differs from and “” in the complete interruption of the paracristid and in the alignment of the entoconid and hypoconid as well as the protoconid and metaconiod. , , and “” might have derived from the Eocene from northern China, constituting a distinct group. The discovery of enhances our understanding of the early evolution of dichobunoid artiodactyls, especially in southern China.
双齿兽类是最基干的有齿兽类，广泛分布于欧亚大陆和北美的始新世，但在中国南方却鲜有报道。本文报道了中国鲁南盆地（石林县）中始新世发现的第一只双齿类有蹄类，名为 "n. gen. n. sp."，其特征是体型相对较大，具有高度发达的p4元齿和由弱的前元齿和强的前元齿形成的中间断的副元齿（bunoselenodont tooth morphology）。这种形态有别于所有已知的双齿类半齿兽。在二齿兽类中，东南亚始新世的""和中国山西始新世的""与二齿兽类相似，体型相对较大，没有副栉齿，下栉齿发育良好。然而，""和""与""的不同之处仍然在于副栉水母的完全中断、内栉水母和下栉水母以及原栉水母和元栉水母的排列。因此，"Ⅳ"和"Ⅴ"可能来自华北始新世，是一个独特的类群。""的发现加深了我们对双齿类偶蹄目早期演化的了解，尤其是对华南地区的了解。
{"title":"A new dichobunoid artiodactyl from the middle Eocene of Yunnan, China","authors":"Shi-Qi Wang, Xue-Ping Ji, Chun-Xia Zhang, Yi Wang, Guang-Ya Chen, Zhi-Guang Hu, Hui-Fang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100874","url":null,"abstract":"Dichobunoids were the most basal artiodactyl group, widely distributed throughout the Eocene of Eurasia and North America, but were rarely reported from southern China. In this paper, we report the first dichobunoid artiodactyl, n. gen. n. sp., from the middle Eocene of Lunan Basin (Shilin County), China. is characterized by its relatively large size, bunoselenodont tooth morphology with a highly developed p4 metaconid, and a mesially interrupted paracristid formed by a weak premetacristid and a strong preprotocristid. This morphology distinguishes from all known dichobunoid artiodactyls. Within dichobunoids, resembles from the Eocene of Southeast Asia and “” from the Eocene of Shanxi, China, by the relatively large size, the absence of the paraconid, and the well-development of the hypolophid. However, still differs from and “” in the complete interruption of the paracristid and in the alignment of the entoconid and hypoconid as well as the protoconid and metaconiod. , , and “” might have derived from the Eocene from northern China, constituting a distinct group. The discovery of enhances our understanding of the early evolution of dichobunoid artiodactyls, especially in southern China.","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100873
Kazım Halaçlar, Berna Alpagut, Serdar Mayda, Tao Deng
This study introduces n. sp., a new late Miocene (MN 12) porcupine species from Samos, Greece, and Karaağaç, Türkiye. This represents the fifth record of late Miocene from Europe and Asia Minor. . n. sp. exhibits a unique occlusal outline and pattern compared to those of all other late Miocene species. This study further clarifies the systematic divergence among late Miocene species based on occlusal outlines and patterns. The first group, including . , . , . , . , and . , exhibits a simple occlusal pattern and an oval/square occlusal outline. In contrast, the second group, comprising . n. sp., . , and . , displays a more complex occlusal pattern and a rectangular occlusal outline on their upper cheek teeth.
{"title":"A new systematic study on Hystrix findings from eastern Aegean area","authors":"Kazım Halaçlar, Berna Alpagut, Serdar Mayda, Tao Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100873","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces n. sp., a new late Miocene (MN 12) porcupine species from Samos, Greece, and Karaağaç, Türkiye. This represents the fifth record of late Miocene from Europe and Asia Minor. . n. sp. exhibits a unique occlusal outline and pattern compared to those of all other late Miocene species. This study further clarifies the systematic divergence among late Miocene species based on occlusal outlines and patterns. The first group, including . , . , . , . , and . , exhibits a simple occlusal pattern and an oval/square occlusal outline. In contrast, the second group, comprising . n. sp., . , and . , displays a more complex occlusal pattern and a rectangular occlusal outline on their upper cheek teeth.","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.05.003
Clàudia Tura-Poch, Saverio Bartolini-Lucenti, Qi-Gao Jiangzuo, Maria Prat-Vericat, Bienvenido Martínez-Navarro, Lorenzo Rook, Joan Madurell-Malapeira
Saber-toothed cats dominated the latest Pliocene to early Pleistocene ecosystems in the Old World, potentially competing with early hominins for food resources. However, the Pleistocene fossil records of the medium-sized are often fragmented and scarce, leading to contentious debates regarding its evolutionary history.
{"title":"The disappearance of European dirk-toothed cats","authors":"Clàudia Tura-Poch, Saverio Bartolini-Lucenti, Qi-Gao Jiangzuo, Maria Prat-Vericat, Bienvenido Martínez-Navarro, Lorenzo Rook, Joan Madurell-Malapeira","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"Saber-toothed cats dominated the latest Pliocene to early Pleistocene ecosystems in the Old World, potentially competing with early hominins for food resources. However, the Pleistocene fossil records of the medium-sized are often fragmented and scarce, leading to contentious debates regarding its evolutionary history.","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"245 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141782006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-17DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.007
Olesia V. Bondarenko, Torsten Utescher
Major plant biome changes in East Asia during the early Paleogene are studied using the Integrated Plant Record vegetation analysis for the first time based on paleobotanical records. The paleobotanical record employed for the reconstruction comprises 110 paleofloras covering the early Paleocene to early Eocene, a time-span of ca. 17 Myr. Our data indicate the presence of more forested conditions over East Asia during the early Paleogene than at present. The early Paleogene vegetation cover in the study area fundamentally differed from modern and was much more homogeneous compared to the modern one. Mixed mesophytic zonal vegetation dominated on the Pacific side of Eurasia during the early Paleogene. Thermophilous mixed mesophytic forests were distributed even at very high latitudes, but at the same time, ecotone between the mixed mesophytic / broadleaved evergreen forests and broadleaved evergreen forest were confined to regions south of 50°N. The proportions of sclerophyllous plants are low in general, even in the mid-latitudes. The localities with open woodlands are all located south of ca. 45°N. The observed vegetation patterns and their changes throughout the early Paleogene in many cases can be correlated with climate patterns and the overall continental paleoclimate evolution as reconstructed from the paleobotanical record. The higher-than-present spatial homogeneity of early Paleogene vegetation coincides with shallow temperature gradients and a significantly more humid regional rainfall pattern over East Asia during the early Paleogene.
{"title":"Early Paleogene plant biomes of the Pacific side of Eurasia","authors":"Olesia V. Bondarenko, Torsten Utescher","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"Major plant biome changes in East Asia during the early Paleogene are studied using the Integrated Plant Record vegetation analysis for the first time based on paleobotanical records. The paleobotanical record employed for the reconstruction comprises 110 paleofloras covering the early Paleocene to early Eocene, a time-span of ca. 17 Myr. Our data indicate the presence of more forested conditions over East Asia during the early Paleogene than at present. The early Paleogene vegetation cover in the study area fundamentally differed from modern and was much more homogeneous compared to the modern one. Mixed mesophytic zonal vegetation dominated on the Pacific side of Eurasia during the early Paleogene. Thermophilous mixed mesophytic forests were distributed even at very high latitudes, but at the same time, ecotone between the mixed mesophytic / broadleaved evergreen forests and broadleaved evergreen forest were confined to regions south of 50°N. The proportions of sclerophyllous plants are low in general, even in the mid-latitudes. The localities with open woodlands are all located south of ca. 45°N. The observed vegetation patterns and their changes throughout the early Paleogene in many cases can be correlated with climate patterns and the overall continental paleoclimate evolution as reconstructed from the paleobotanical record. The higher-than-present spatial homogeneity of early Paleogene vegetation coincides with shallow temperature gradients and a significantly more humid regional rainfall pattern over East Asia during the early Paleogene.","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141782012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-17DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.07.001
James R. Thomka, Thomas E. Bantel, Donald L. Bissett, Drew A. Billups
Holocystitid diploporitans (Echinodermata) are abundant within the middle Silurian (Wenlock: Sheinwoodian) Massie Formation of southeastern Indiana, USA. Diploporitan thecae are commonly encrusted by a variety of organisms, including the attachment structures of crinoids; however, no diploporitan aboral thecal attachments have previously been described in detail as encrusters on co-occurring diploporitan thecae. Herein, we describe thecae of that are encrusted by large discoidal attachment structures attributable to undetermined holocystitid diploporitans. The thecal attachment structures are discoidal, multi-plated, pore-bearing, and characterized by circular central depressions floored by flat platforms — a morphology that is identical to that of diploporitan attachments described from a laterally continuous hardground surface at the same locality. These encrusted specimens are significant because they demonstrate that (1) encrusting diploporitans were capable of developing identical aboral attachment morphologies when encountering both hardgrounds and sufficiently large bioclasts in softgrounds; and (2) encrusted diploporitan thecae were capable of remaining articulated long enough and in a sufficiently stable position to serve as substrata for large thecal attachments. Taken collectively, holocystitid diploporitans were characterized by greater aboral morphological plasticity and resistance to disarticulation than generally recognized.
{"title":"Large diploporitan thecal attachment structures on diploporitan thecae: An uncommon encrustation relationship involving stalked echinoderms from the Silurian of the Cincinnati Arch region, eastern midcontinental USA","authors":"James R. Thomka, Thomas E. Bantel, Donald L. Bissett, Drew A. Billups","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"Holocystitid diploporitans (Echinodermata) are abundant within the middle Silurian (Wenlock: Sheinwoodian) Massie Formation of southeastern Indiana, USA. Diploporitan thecae are commonly encrusted by a variety of organisms, including the attachment structures of crinoids; however, no diploporitan aboral thecal attachments have previously been described in detail as encrusters on co-occurring diploporitan thecae. Herein, we describe thecae of that are encrusted by large discoidal attachment structures attributable to undetermined holocystitid diploporitans. The thecal attachment structures are discoidal, multi-plated, pore-bearing, and characterized by circular central depressions floored by flat platforms — a morphology that is identical to that of diploporitan attachments described from a laterally continuous hardground surface at the same locality. These encrusted specimens are significant because they demonstrate that (1) encrusting diploporitans were capable of developing identical aboral attachment morphologies when encountering both hardgrounds and sufficiently large bioclasts in softgrounds; and (2) encrusted diploporitan thecae were capable of remaining articulated long enough and in a sufficiently stable position to serve as substrata for large thecal attachments. Taken collectively, holocystitid diploporitans were characterized by greater aboral morphological plasticity and resistance to disarticulation than generally recognized.","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-17DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.002
Zhi-Teng Chen
Plecoptera, commonly known as stoneflies, represent an ancient order of aquatic insects with significant ecological importance in freshwater ecosystems. This study describes a new genus and species of stonefly, n. gen. n. sp., based on a female adult preserved in Middle Cretaceous Kachin amber. Morphological examination reveals the taxonomic placement of . within the infraorder Systellognatha of the suborder Arctoperlaria. Distinctive wing venation patterns and genitalic structures differentiate . from extant and extinct stonefly families. A new extinct fossil family, Crossoperlidae n. fam. is established for the new stonefly. The findings contribute to the understanding of stonefly evolution, palaeodiversity, and ecological adaptations.
褶翅目，俗称石蝇，是一种古老的水生昆虫，在淡水生态系统中具有重要的生态意义。本研究描述了石蝇的一个新属和新种 n. gen. n. sp.形态学检查揭示了......在分类学上属于石蝇亚目石蝇科（Arctoperlaria）的下目（Systellognatha）。独特的翅脉模式和生殖器结构将.与现存和已灭绝的石蝇科区分开来。为新石蝇建立了一个新的已灭绝化石科--Crossoperlidae n. fam.。这些发现有助于了解石蝇的进化、古多样性和生态适应性。
{"title":"Taxonomy and evolutionary implications of a new fossil stonefly family (Insecta, Plecoptera) from Middle Cretaceous Kachin amber of northern Myanmar","authors":"Zhi-Teng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"Plecoptera, commonly known as stoneflies, represent an ancient order of aquatic insects with significant ecological importance in freshwater ecosystems. This study describes a new genus and species of stonefly, n. gen. n. sp., based on a female adult preserved in Middle Cretaceous Kachin amber. Morphological examination reveals the taxonomic placement of . within the infraorder Systellognatha of the suborder Arctoperlaria. Distinctive wing venation patterns and genitalic structures differentiate . from extant and extinct stonefly families. A new extinct fossil family, Crossoperlidae n. fam. is established for the new stonefly. The findings contribute to the understanding of stonefly evolution, palaeodiversity, and ecological adaptations.","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Turritelline-dominated assemblages (TDAs) occur in modern siliciclastic seas within shallow depths, under normal to below normal salinity, high nutrient flux, high ocean upwelling current and/or runoff and cool water conditions. Similar assemblages in carbonate sediments are rare in modern oceans. However, TDA in carbonate rocks are common during the Cretaceous. In this study, we report the presence of a TDA in the late Turonian Nodular Limestone Formation of the Bagh Group, Narmada Basin, central India. An unusually small species of , . Halder, n. sp., is described from the TDA. The TDA, in terms of host rock microfacies and taphonomy, indicates shallow water to intertidal, low to moderate energy, eutrophic to mesotrophic conditions, that prevailed in restricted lagoonal to marginal lagoonal, back-reef environments. The turritellines, based on trace elements and Rare Earth Elements concentration, thrived under dysoxic conditions and experienced above-normal marine salinities. The preferences of modern TDAs do not fully represent such past ecological and lithological conditions, indicating an example of a non-uniformitarian shift in habitat.
{"title":"Palaeoenvironmental implications of a turritelline-dominated assemblage from Upper Cretaceous carbonate rocks of Narmada Basin, India","authors":"Prantik Mondal, Arunaditya Das, Biplab Bhattacharya, Kalyan Halder","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"Turritelline-dominated assemblages (TDAs) occur in modern siliciclastic seas within shallow depths, under normal to below normal salinity, high nutrient flux, high ocean upwelling current and/or runoff and cool water conditions. Similar assemblages in carbonate sediments are rare in modern oceans. However, TDA in carbonate rocks are common during the Cretaceous. In this study, we report the presence of a TDA in the late Turonian Nodular Limestone Formation of the Bagh Group, Narmada Basin, central India. An unusually small species of , . Halder, n. sp., is described from the TDA. The TDA, in terms of host rock microfacies and taphonomy, indicates shallow water to intertidal, low to moderate energy, eutrophic to mesotrophic conditions, that prevailed in restricted lagoonal to marginal lagoonal, back-reef environments. The turritellines, based on trace elements and Rare Earth Elements concentration, thrived under dysoxic conditions and experienced above-normal marine salinities. The preferences of modern TDAs do not fully represent such past ecological and lithological conditions, indicating an example of a non-uniformitarian shift in habitat.","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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