Palaeoworld最新文献_第10页

Paleoenvironmental records across middle to Upper Cretaceous in central part of the West and Central African Rift System: Palynological and geochemical inferences 西非和中非裂谷系中部中、上白垩世古环境记录：孢粉学和地球化学推断

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200957

André Mbabi Bitchong , Serge Alberto Bitjong , Serge Parfait Koah Na Lebogo , Glwadys Ngo Mandeng , Cecile Olive Mbesse , Soukaina Obad , Gilbert-François Ngon Ngon , Simon Ngos III , Thierry Adatte

The West and Central African Rifts System (WCARS) is well-known for its Cretaceous deposits. Still, the reliable dating of sedimentary successions, especially in the central part, and the mechanisms causing environmental and climate change over time remained less explored. Two sections of exposed deposits were investigated within the Babouri-Figuil Basin, specifically along the Mayo-Figuil (MF) and Mayo-Dakmoune (MD) rivers. The deposits are primarily composed of wackes formed from felsic and intermediate parent rocks, perhaps originating from the adjacent basement rocks, although there are also mafic components represented by an iron-rich shale layer at the MF section. Relative dating has constrained the MF sediment age to the Albian–Cenomanian and the MD sediment age to the Campanian–Maastrichtian. Using whole-rock organic matter geochemistry and trace element concentrations, we discovered anoxic conditions, well-preserved organic matter, and marine salinity water occurrence in the Albian–Cenomanian deposits, probably related to the first Trans-Saharan seaway. Oxic conditions, poor-preserved organic matter, and brackish salinity water occurrence were established during the Campanian–Maastrichtian. The Hg/TOC spike recorded during the Albian–Cenomanian could be the consequence of proximal volcanism, most likely associated with enhanced rifting tectonic activity, whereas the maximum Hg/TOC ratios observed during the Campanian–Maastrichtian could be the product of distal volcanism. Globally, weathering was slow to moderate, and the climate was interpreted as semi-arid throughout the middle to Late Cretaceous in the central WCARS.

西非和中非裂谷系统（WCARS）以其白垩纪沉积物而闻名。然而，沉积序列的可靠定年，特别是在中部地区，以及导致环境和气候随时间变化的机制仍然很少被探索。在Babouri-Figuil盆地内，特别是沿Mayo-Figuil河（MF）和Mayo-Dakmoune河（MD），研究了两段暴露矿床。该矿床主要由长英质和中质母岩形成的碎屑组成，可能起源于邻近的基底岩，尽管在MF剖面也有以富铁页岩层为代表的基性成分。相对定年将中程沉积时代限定为阿尔比亚-塞诺曼尼亚沉积时代，中程沉积时代限定为坎帕尼亚-马斯特里赫特沉积时代。利用全岩有机质地球化学和微量元素浓度，我们发现了阿尔及利亚-塞诺曼尼亚矿床的缺氧条件、保存完好的有机质和海洋盐度水，可能与第一次跨撒哈拉海道有关。在坎帕尼亚-马斯特里赫特时期，建立了缺氧条件、保存较差的有机质和微咸水的赋存。在阿尔巴尼亚-塞诺曼尼亚时期记录的汞/TOC峰值可能是近端火山活动的结果，最有可能与裂谷构造活动增强有关，而在坎帕尼亚-马斯特里赫特时期观察到的最大汞/TOC比值可能是远端火山活动的产物。在全球范围内，WCARS中部中白垩世至晚白垩世的风化过程为缓慢至中度，气候为半干旱。

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引用次数: 0

Fossil involucres and a nutlet of Ostrya (Betulaceae) from the upper Eocene of Shaanxi and their biogeographic implications 陕西始新世上部桦树科桦树属植物的化石总苞和一个坚果及其生物地理意义

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200955

Jiao Huang , Hui Jia , Rui-Feng Yan , Xiang-Ning Meng , Zhuo-Chen Han , Tian-Qi Dong , Jian Pan , Cheng Quan

Ostrya Scopoli, family Betulaceae, is mainly distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, with a rich fossil record in the Miocene. This study presents a new record of Ostrya involucres and nutlet fossils from the upper Eocene Bailuyuan Formation in Weinan City, Shaanxi, China. The fossil involucres are saccate, ellipsoid or ovate, with reticulate veins; the nutlet is ellipsoid-ovate, one side surface has five ribs, and is wingless. Based on morphological comparisons, a new species, Ostrya parajaponica Huang and Jia, n. sp. is proposed, which represents the earliest fossil record of Ostrya involucres globally. In this study, the historical distribution of Ostrya is investigated, and it is speculated that Ostrya originated in Asia before the late Eocene. During the late Eocene, Ostrya may have spread from Asia to North America via the Bering Land Bridge and then spread from North America to Europe via the North Atlantic Land Bridge. During the Oligocene, the closure of the Turgai Straits may have facilitated widespread exchange of Ostrya across the Eurasian continent. During the Miocene, during warm climates, Ostrya was widely distributed across the American and Eurasian continents. Subsequently, the cooling and drying of climates beginning in the Pliocene shaped the current geographical distribution pattern of Ostrya.

桦树科桐树属（Ostrya Scopoli）主要分布于北半球，在中新世有丰富的化石记录。本文报道了陕西渭南市始新统上白鹿园组的珍珠岩总壳和坚果化石的新记录。化石总苞囊状、椭球状或卵形，具网状脉；坚果为椭圆体卵形，一侧表面有五棱，无翅。在形态学比较的基础上，提出了一个新种——Ostrya parajaponica Huang and Jia， n. sp，它代表了全球最早的Ostrya involucres化石记录。本文研究了奥斯特拉属的历史分布，推测奥斯特拉属起源于晚始新世以前的亚洲。在始新世晚期，奥斯特拉可能通过白令陆桥从亚洲传播到北美，然后通过北大西洋陆桥从北美传播到欧洲。渐新世期间，图尔盖海峡的关闭可能促进了奥斯特利亚在欧亚大陆上的广泛交换。在中新世温暖的气候下，奥斯特亚广泛分布在美洲和欧亚大陆。随后，上新世开始的气候变冷和干燥形成了奥斯特亚现在的地理分布格局。

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引用次数: 0

Palaeoenvironmental implications of Baiera hallei Sze from the Middle Jurassic in Shaanxi Province, China 陕西中侏罗统拜拉哈勒斯古环境意义

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200956

Qing-Dan Zheng , Xiao-Ju Yang , Ting Li

Terrestrial plants are important indicators of palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment during the geological history. The Ginkgoales leaves are commonly used to reconstruct the atmospheric palaeo-CO₂ concentration (pCO₂) during the Jurassic. Baiera, a genus of Ginkgoales, however, has been less reported in the reconstruction of the pCO₂ during the Middle Jurassic. In this paper, Baiera hallei Sze from the lower Middle Jurassic (Aalenian) Yan’an Formation in the central Ordos Basin is studied in detail based on abundant materials. Ten well-preserved leaves of B. hallei were selected to calculate stomatal parameters, and their stomatal index was used to estimate the pCO₂. The average SI was 6.19 ± 0.38, the pCO₂ obtained by the stomatal ratio method was 1121 ± 73 ppm, and the average palaeotemperature reconstructed by McElwain’s empirical formula was 13–15.8°C. The pCO₂ roughly coincides with the long-term carbon cycle model GEOCARB II. The palaeoclimate in Yulin district was warm and humid during the Aalenian (early Middle Jurassic).

陆生植物是地质历史上古气候和古环境的重要指示物。银杏叶通常用于重建侏罗纪时期的大气古co2浓度（pCO2）。然而，在中侏罗世的pCO2重建中，银杏属Baiera的报道较少。本文在大量资料的基础上，对鄂尔多斯盆地中部中侏罗统（阿勒统）延安组下侏罗统巴耶拉哈勒斯进行了详细的研究。选取10片保存较好的哈莱叶片计算气孔参数，并利用气孔指数估算pCO2。平均SI为6.19±0.38，气孔比法得到的pCO2为1121±73 ppm， McElwain经验公式重建的平均古温度值为13 ~ 15.8℃。二氧化碳分压与长期碳循环模型GEOCARB II大致一致。榆林地区在阿勒世（早中侏罗世）的古气候是温暖湿润的。

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引用次数: 0

New eurypterids from the Lower Devonian Nagaoling Formation of Guangxi, South China 广西下泥盆统那高岭组新泛龙类

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200954

Han Wang , Zhi-Xin Sun , Hai-Chun Zhang

Eurypterids, commonly known as sea scorpions, were an extinct group of arthropods renowned for their large size and role as apex predators in Early Paleozoic marine ecosystems. Among them, carcinosomatids and pterygotids stand out as two particularly striking groups, both characterized by their large size but differing in morphological specialization. Compared to their diversity and abundance in Laurussia, both groups are rare in the larger Pan-Gondwanan region, which is consistent with the general pattern observed from most eurypterids, especially the Devonian genera. Here, we report a new diverse eurypterid fauna from the Nagaoling Formation (Lochkovian, Devonian) in Guangxi, South China, including Carcinosomatidae, Pterygotidae, and Adelophthalmidae. Tigrisopterus zengi n. gen. n. sp. represents the youngest known carcinosomatid worldwide and the first Devonian member of this family discovered outside Laurussia. Acutiramus sp., with an estimated body length of approximately 1.6–1.8 m, is the first Acutiramus component found in China and one of the youngest representatives of this genus known to date. These two families, along with the generalist Adelophthalmus found in the same bed, suggest a complex ecological structure in the Devonian shallow marine environment of South China. This discovery expands both the temporal and spatial distribution of carcinosomatids and pterygotids, providing new insights into the distribution and evolutionary history of these ancient predators.

广翅类，俗称海蝎子，是一种已灭绝的节肢动物，以其庞大的体型和在古生代早期海洋生态系统中作为顶级捕食者的角色而闻名。其中，癌体虫和翼虫是两个特别引人注目的类群，它们的特点都是体型大，但形态专门化不同。与Laurussia的多样性和丰度相比，这两个类群在更大的Pan-Gondwanan地区是罕见的，这与大多数泛蝶类，特别是泥盆纪属的一般模式一致。本文报道了广西泥盆纪那高岭组（Lochkovian, Devonian）的一种新的泛翅类动物群，包括癌虫科、翼虫科和Adelophthalmidae。Tigrisopterus zengi n. gen. n. sp.代表了世界上已知最年轻的癌体虫，也是该家族在俄罗斯以外发现的第一个泥盆纪成员。acutramus sp.体长约1.6 ~ 1.8 m，是中国发现的第一个acutramus成分，也是该属已知最年轻的代表之一。这两个科，连同在同一层位发现的多面体Adelophthalmus，表明中国南方泥盆纪浅海环境中存在一个复杂的生态结构。这一发现扩大了癌体虫和翼足虫的时空分布，为这些古代食肉动物的分布和进化历史提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

A new Miocene–Pliocene fish association from the lateritic sands of Senegal confirms the marine origin of the so-called ‘Continental Terminal’ Formation in the Thies area 在塞内加尔红土砂中发现的中新世-上新世鱼类组合证实了Thies地区所谓的“大陆终端”组的海洋起源

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200953

Bernard Siguendibo Sambou , Abdoulaye Adama Diaw , Sylvain Adnet

The discovery and taxonomic determination of 17 fossil taxa (14 elasmobranchs and 3 bony fishes) preserved in the subsoil laterites of Saloum Formation in Ngadiaga, Thies area confirm the marine origin of these deposits, which are sometimes still referred to as ‘Continental Terminal’ in West Africa. The contemporaneous occurrence of large fossil sharks (e.g., Otodus megalodon) with many other extant taxa (e.g., Carcharhinus brachyurus, C. brevipinna, C. obscurus, Galeocerdo cuvier) constrains the age of the deposit to the Late Miocene or Early Pliocene and indicates a marine environment that was not on the purely coastal fringe. The marine vertebrate fossils are thus slightly older than or contemporaneous with the terrestrial vertebrate fossils at Taiba Ndiaye, 30 km northeast. Our study demonstrates that the reddish sandstones of the laterites, which have been long overlooked by palaeontologists, have a rich fossiliferous potential.

在Thies地区Ngadiaga Saloum组地下红土中发现的17个化石分类群（14个板门目和3个硬骨鱼类）的发现和分类鉴定证实了这些沉积物的海洋起源，这些沉积物有时仍被称为西非的“大陆终端”。大型鲨鱼化石（如巨齿鲨Otodus megalodon）与许多其他现存的分类群（如Carcharhinus brachyurus， C. brevipinna， C. obscurus, Galeocerdo cuvier）同时出现，将沉积物的年龄限制在中新世晚期或上新世早期，并表明海洋环境不是纯粹的沿海边缘。因此，在东北30公里的Taiba Ndiaye发现的海洋脊椎动物化石比陆地脊椎动物化石更古老或同时期。我们的研究表明，长期被古生物学家忽视的红土中的红色砂岩具有丰富的化石潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Can the occurrence of the ammonite genus Hildoglochiceras Spath serve as an early Tithonian marker event? 菊石属Hildoglochiceras Spath的出现是否可以作为早梯东世的标志事件？

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200945

Sreepat Jain

The 20–40° southern latitude-delimited Hildoglochiceras fauna enables correlation of South Tethyan early Tithonian rocks along the northwestern peri-Gondwana margin stretching from Madagascar to Nepal. Herein, a new assemblage of the ammonite genus Hildoglochiceras Spath is recorded from the Rupsi Shale Member of the Baisakhi Formation in the Jaisalmer Basin, western India, and consists of H. cf. latistrigatum (Uhlig), H. cf. kobelliforme (Bonarelli), H. cf. nodosum Prasad, and Hildoglochiceras sp. A. On its base, it is delimited by the occurrence of the early Tithonian Aulacosphinctoides cf. mayeri (Uhlig), A. perrinsmithi Uhlig, A. cf. tardissimus Enay, A. infundibulum (Uhlig) and A. cf. infundibulum (Uhlig) and, on its top, by the late Tithonian index Himalayites aff. seideli (Oppel). Based on the present and previous records from western India (i.e., from Kachchh and Jaisalmer basins), the occurrence of Hildoglochiceras Spath is correlated with the Standard Tethyan Darwini Zone of early Tithonian. It is plausible, and with more precise sampling from other western Gondwana margin localities, that the occurrence of Hildoglochiceras Spath may suggest an early Tithonian (Darwini to Semiforme zones) event, facilitating improved large-scale biostratigraphic correlations.

以南纬20-40°为界的Hildoglochiceras动物群可以对从马达加斯加到尼泊尔的西北冈瓦纳边缘的南特提斯早梯东世岩石进行对比。本文记录了印度西部Jaisalmer盆地Baisakhi组Rupsi页岩段菊石属Hildoglochiceras Spath的新组合，由H. cflatistrigatum （uhlight）、H. cfkobelliforme （Bonarelli）、H. cfnodosum Prasad和Hildoglochiceras sp. a .组成。在其基础上，以早铁统aulacosphininctoides cfmayeri （uhlight）、a . perrinsmithi uhlight、a . cftardissimus Enay的出现为界。A. infundbulum （uhlight）和A. cf.infundbulum (uhlight)，在其顶部，由喜马拉雅山脉的晚梯世指数aff.seideli （Oppel）组成。根据印度西部（即Kachchh和Jaisalmer盆地）的现有记录和前人记录，Hildoglochiceras Spath的出现与早梯东世标准特提斯达尔文带相对应。从其他冈瓦纳西部边缘地区更精确的采样来看，Hildoglochiceras Spath的出现可能暗示了早梯梯世（达尔文至半形成带）事件，促进了大规模生物地层对比的改善。

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引用次数: 0

A new genus and species of Susumaniidae (Insecta: Phasmatodea) from the Middle Jurassic of Shaanxi Province, Northwest China 文章标题陕西中侏罗统水蚤科一新种（昆虫亚目：水蚤科）

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200942

Qi-Ming Guo , Chun-Peng Xu , André Nel , An-Cheng Peng , Zhi-Gang Wen , Ting Li , Rui Fang , Da-Ran Zheng

A new genus and species Yananphasma chresmodoides n. gen. n. sp. of susumaniid (Insecta) is described from the Middle Jurassic Yan’an Formation in China, based on a well preserved complete forewing. Our observation shows that these polyneopteran insects have narrow elongate forewings with parallel veins in their distal part, have a venation of phasmatodean type instead of archaeorthopteran type, with the median vein well separated from the radial vein and cubital vein and cubitus anterior emerging from the stem cubitus.

根据保存完好的完整前翅，在中国中侏罗统延安组描述了sussusmaniid （insect）中的Yananphasma chresmodoides n. gen. n. sp一新属和新种。我们的观察表明，这些多翅目昆虫的前翅狭长，远端有平行的静脉，脉脉为phasmatodean型而不是archaeorthopteran型，中间静脉与径向静脉和肘静脉分离良好，前肘静脉从茎肘静脉中伸出。

引用次数: 0

Middle to late Maastrichtian planktonic foraminifera from the Gongzha section in Dingri area, southern Xizang, China 西藏南部定日地区贡扎剖面马斯特里赫特中晚期浮游有孔虫

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200941

Ke-Ying Yue , Tian Jiang , Sha Li , Hai-Chun Zhang , Xiao-Qiao Wan

The Late Cretaceous strata in the Dingri area of southern Xizang represent one of the best-preserved marine deposits of the Tethys Ocean. In this study, we focus on the biostratigraphy and systematic paleontology of middle–late Maastrichtian planktonic foraminifera, sampled from a series of continuous outcrops in the upper part of the Zongshan Formation at the Gongzha section in the Dingri area. A total of 25 species belonging to 12 genera are recorded. These foraminifera were identified as belonging to the CF4 Zone and CF3 Zone based on the first appearances of Racemiguembelina fructicosa and Psuedoguembelina hariaensis, respectively. According to the correlation to the international planktonic foraminifera zones, the age interval from the R. fructicosa Zone to the Psg. hariaensis Zone spans middle–late Maastrichtian. This newly identified fauna offers valuable chronological data for the paleontology and biostratigraphy of the Late Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera in the Dingri area of southern Xizang and for the study of the paleoenvironment changes in Late Cretaceous.

西藏南部定日地区晚白垩世地层是特提斯洋保存最完好的海相沉积之一。本文以定日地区公扎剖面宗山组上段连续露头为研究对象，对中晚期马岛浮游有孔虫进行了生物地层学和系统古生物学研究。共记录到12属25种。根据首次出现的Racemiguembelina fructicosa和Psuedoguembelina hariensis，这些有孔虫分别属于CF4区和CF3区。根据与国际浮游有孔虫带的相关性，从果螨带到Psg的年龄间隔。哈里亚氏带横跨马斯特里赫特中晚期。这一新发现的动物群为西藏定日地区晚白垩世浮游有孔虫的古生物学和生物地层学以及研究晚白垩世古环境变化提供了有价值的年代学资料。

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引用次数: 0

Early Permian (Asselian) flora from the Talchir Formation, Son Basin, India: Biostratigraphical and palaeoenvironmental implications 印度Son盆地Talchir组早二叠世（Asselian）植物群：生物地层和古环境意义

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200944

Suyash Gupta , Anju Saxena , Sankar Suresh Kumar Pillai , Husain Shabbar

The Talchir Formation (Asselian–Sakmarian), the lowermost non-coaliferous sedimentary sequence of the Lower Gondwana Group is of utmost significance to understand evolution and proliferation of the Glossopteris Flora in the Gondwanan continents. After the Carboniferous deglaciation, a distinct new flora, i.e., the Glossopteris Flora appeared in the southern high palaeolatitudes during the onset of the Permian. This flora is widely distributed in the Permian successions of Peninsular India and sporadically distributed in extra Peninsular, i.e., Himalayan regions of India. Therefore, floral records obtained from the Talchir Formation are pertinent to understanding the evolution and radiation of the Glossopteris Flora. The present study assesses the early Permian floral diversity, palaeoenvironment, and palaeoclimate inferred from Talchir deposits of Chirmiri area, Son Basin, Chhattisgarh, India. This study considerably adds to our current understanding of the radiation of the early Glossopteris Flora in India immediately after the Permian–Carboniferous deglaciation. A rich macroflora has been recovered from reddish siltstone and grey shale units of two sections of the Talchir Formation and is the largest floral composite recovered so far, from this formation. The floral assemblage reveals dominance of Cordaitales (Noeggerathiopsis and Euryphyllum), Equisetales (Paracalamites) followed by Glossopteridales (Gangamopteris, Glossopteris, scale leaf and seed). The prolific occurrence of Cordaitales implies that this plant group was also flourishing on the raised grounds along with glossopterids during the early Permian. Typical Euryphyllum-Noeggerathiopsis-Gangamopteris assemblage suggests that studied strata is of ‘Upper Floristic zone’ of the Talchir equivalent to ‘Rikba beds’ and is Asselian in age. Furthermore, the occurrence of thick reddish colour siltstone units indicates localized ‘Red beds’ and shift in climate from cool humid to arid. The floral composite is corroborated with coeval flora of India and other Gondwana continents to understand palaeogeographical distribution of these plant groups. The floral composition suggests the existence of terrestrial marshy ecosystem with cooler climatic conditions.

Talchir组（Asselian-Sakmarian）是下冈瓦纳群（Lower Gondwana Group）最下层的非煤系沉积层序，对了解冈瓦纳大陆的gloopteris植物群的演化和繁殖具有重要意义。石炭世脱冰后，在二叠纪开始时，在南方高纬度地区出现了一种独特的新植物群，即舌蕨植物群。该植物群广泛分布于印度半岛的二叠系，零星分布于印度半岛外的喜马拉雅地区。因此，从Talchir组获得的植物记录有助于了解舌蕨植物区系的演化和辐射。本文对印度恰蒂斯加尔邦Son盆地Chirmiri地区Talchir沉积物的早二叠世植物多样性、古环境和古气候进行了研究。这项研究极大地增加了我们目前对二叠纪-石炭纪冰川消退后印度早期舌苔植物群辐射的理解。从塔尔奇尔组的两个剖面的红色粉砂岩和灰色页岩单元中发现了丰富的大型植物群，是迄今为止从该组中发现的最大的植物群。花类组合以Cordaitales （Noeggerathiopsis和Euryphyllum）、Equisetales （Paracalamites）为主，其次是舌蕨科（Gangamopteris、舌蕨、鳞叶和种子）。Cordaitales的大量出现表明，在二叠纪早期，这种植物群也与舌蕨一起在凸起的地面上繁盛。典型的euryphylum - noeggerathiopsis - gangamopteris组合表明所研究的地层属于Talchir的“上植物区”，相当于“Rikba层”，年龄为亚塞利亚。此外，厚红色粉砂岩单元的出现表明了局部的“红层”和气候从凉爽潮湿向干旱的转变。通过与印度和其他冈瓦纳大陆的同时期植物区系的对比，了解了这些植物群的古地理分布。植物组成表明存在气候条件较冷的陆生沼泽生态系统。

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引用次数: 0

Holocene palaeoenvironments of southern Sikhote-Alin Mountains (southern Far East), reconstructed from palaeontological data 远东南部锡霍特-阿林山脉南部全新世古环境的古生物重建

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200943

Guzel Danukalova , Mikhail Tiunov , Eugenia Osipova , Ravil Kurmanov , Valerya Omelko , Andrey Panteleev , Alexander Gladchenkov

Due to the rarity of the archaeological cave sites in Primorsky Krai, the site known as “Perspektivnaya Cave” located in the southern part of the hard-to-reach areas of the the Sikhote-Alin mountain system north-north-east of Vladivostok, is of considerable interest. The first results of its study emphasise the importance of further research since human bones and ceramics were found there, as well as numerous mammal and bird bones, shells of terrestrial molluscs, and spores and pollen. These proxies can be utilised to contextualise the migration and presence of humans within an environmental framework. Palynological studies made it possible to reconstruct the landscapes and climatic conditions of the Early–Late Holocene when forest-steppe landscapes were widespread in the adjacent territory. Mesophilous herbs prevailed in open spaces, steppe plants and ferns on rocky slopes, mixed forests on the mountain slopes, and birch forests and swamps on river floodplains. Detailed studies have revealed the various fluctuations in the vegetation development described in the article. The warmest and most humid conditions were observed in the Middle Holocene, the optimal phase of the Holocene. A moderately warm and drier climate was characteristic of the Early and Late Holocene. The composition and structure of faunas from different periods of the Holocene corroborates the results of palynological studies. The Middle Holocene bird and mammal faunas are the most diverse in composition. The fossil molluscs lived under moderate climatic conditions in broadleaved forests growing near the cave, as well as in open spaces (forest edges or meadows) with well-developed herbaceous vegetation and in places of high humidity. Freshwater mollusc remains indicate that a river with a diverse range of near-water vegetation flowed near the cave.

由于滨海边疆区考古洞穴遗址的稀罕性，这个被称为“Perspektivnaya洞穴”的遗址位于符拉迪沃斯托克东北北部的Sikhote-Alin山脉系统难以到达的南部地区，具有相当大的吸引力。该研究的初步结果强调了进一步研究的重要性，因为在那里发现了人骨和陶瓷，以及大量哺乳动物和鸟类的骨头，陆生软体动物的壳，以及孢子和花粉。这些代理可以用来在环境框架内将人类的迁移和存在置于背景中。孢粉学研究使得重建全新世早期-晚期的景观和气候条件成为可能，当时森林草原景观在邻近地区广泛分布。中温植物主要分布在开阔地带，草原植物和蕨类植物主要分布在岩石斜坡上，混交林主要分布在山坡上，白桦林和河流泛滥平原上的沼泽。详细的研究揭示了本文所描述的植被发育的各种波动。最温暖和最潮湿的环境出现在全新世中期，这是全新世的最佳时期。早、晚全新世的气候特征为偏暖偏干燥。全新世不同时期动物群的组成和结构证实了孢粉学研究的结果。中全新世的鸟类和哺乳动物在组成上最为多样化。这些软体动物化石生活在温和的气候条件下，生活在洞穴附近的阔叶林中，也生活在草本植物发达的开放空间（森林边缘或草地）和高湿度的地方。淡水软体动物遗骸表明，有一条河流在洞穴附近流动，河流中有各种各样的近水植被。

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引用次数: 0