Palaeoworld最新文献_第4页

Ginkgoites manchurica from the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation of Liaoning, China, and its palaeoclimate implications 中国辽宁下白垩统沙河子地层中的银杏石及其古气候影响

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100876

Yan Liu , Qiao-Er Ying , Qi-Jia Li , Ning Zhou , Cao Zhang , Yu-Jin Zhang , Xiao Tan , Fei Liang

The extreme greenhouse climate during the period of oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) in the Cretaceous is recognized based on marine stratigraphy, whereas the palaeoclimate remains poorly understood based on the terrestrial record due to the limitations of quantitative methods. The nearest living equivalent method, such as using the stomatal index of Ginkgo as a proxy, provides insight into reconstructing the terrestrial palaeoclimate during OAEs. However, due to the lack of well-preserved fossils with epidermal features and applicable quantitative methods, there are still controversies regarding the classification and nomenclature of species in the genus Ginkgoites, which have been assigned to Baiera, Ginkgo, or Ginkgoites. Here, we report well-preserved Ginkgoites fossil leaves from the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation in Changtu County, Liaoning Province, Northeast China. The fossil dry leaf mass per area (LMA) was estimated as a quantitative morphological and ecological proxy. The LMA results of 192–241 g/m² for different specimens are very close, suggesting that these homonyms should be assigned to the same species. Therefore, combining the detailed epidermal features and a quantitative morphological proxy (LMA), we summarized and amended the previously described fossils into Ginkgoites manchurica. Moreover, using the stomatal index of G. manchurica, the palaeo-atmospheric CO₂ concentration was calculated at 1270 ppmv using the Barclay SI-pCO₂ curve during the middle to late Aptian, indicating a typical greenhouse climate, which may be associated with the OAE global temperature increase event.

白垩纪大洋缺氧事件（OAEs）期间的极端温室气候是根据海洋地层学认识到的，而由于定量方法的局限性，根据陆地记录对古气候的了解仍然很少。最近活体等值法（如使用气孔指数作为替代物）为重建 OAE 期间的陆地古气候提供了启示。然而，由于缺乏保存完好的具有表皮特征的化石和适用的定量方法，关于Ⅳ属物种的分类和命名仍存在争议，这些物种曾被归入Ⅳ属或Ⅳ属。在此，我们报告了中国东北辽宁省昌图县下白垩统沙河子地层中保存完好的叶化石。我们估算了化石干叶的单位面积质量（LMA），作为定量的形态和生态替代指标。不同标本的干叶质量（LMA）结果为 192-241 g/m，非常接近，表明这些同名物种应归属于同一物种。因此，结合详细的表皮特征和定量形态学代用指标（LMA），我们将之前描述的化石总结并修正为......。此外，利用...的气孔指数，利用巴克利 SI-CO 曲线计算出中晚期始新世的古大气二氧化碳浓度为 1270 ppmv，表明当时是典型的温室气候，可能与 OAE 全球温度上升事件有关。

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引用次数: 0

Albaillellarian (radiolaria) assemblages across the Guadalupian–Lopingian boundary (Permian) and their environmental implications 瓜达卢佩-洛平边界（二叠纪）Albaillellarian（放射虫）组合及其对环境的影响

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100875

Lei Zhang , Shan Chang , Xia Wang , Marie-Béatrice Forel , Qing-Lai Feng , Wei-Hong He , Taniel Danelian , Martial Caridroit , Qian Liu , Xing-Lin Li

It remains unclear how radiolarian lineages adapted to the changing environments through the Guadalupian–Lopingian boundary (G-LB) interval. In this study, a well-preserved radiolarian fauna was obtained from silty cherts and siltstones deposited throughout the G-LB of the Sanpaoling, Yutouling, and Xiaqianling sections, located in Qinzhou City, Guangxi, China. Two genera of Albaillellaria, including ten species of Albaillella and two Neoalbaillella species/morphotypes, are presented in this study. This assemblage is correlated with the Follicucullus charveti and Albaillella cavitata Interval Zone. Based on the material obtained near the G-LB, the taxonomic value of pores on the test of Albaillella species is here evaluated. This research documents a relatively significant morphological variation of the Albaillellarian lineages and an evolutionary reversal in Albaillella through the G-LB. Based on the combination of the faunal and evolutionary response in the studied area, we suggest that the G-LB witnessed rapidly changing environmental conditions, imposing adaptive pressure on radiolarians, at least on the deep-dwelling Albaillellarians.

目前仍不清楚放射虫系是如何适应瓜达卢佩-珞巴阶界线（G-LB）间的环境变化的。本研究从中国广西钦州市三坡岭、鱼头岭和下前岭剖面的淤泥质碎屑岩和粉砂岩中获得了保存完好的放射虫动物群。本研究展示了两个Albaillellaria属，包括10个种和2个种/变型。该组合与间隔带相关。根据在 G-LB 附近获得的材料，本研究评估了孔隙对物种测试的分类价值。这项研究记录了阿尔贝利尔虫系相对显著的形态变化，以及通过 G-LB 的进化逆转。根据所研究区域的动物和进化反应，我们认为 G-LB 经历了快速变化的环境条件，对放射虫造成了适应压力，至少对深栖的 Albaillellarians 是如此。

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引用次数: 0

A new dichobunoid artiodactyl from the middle Eocene of Yunnan, China 来自中国云南中始新世的一种新的双足类有齿兽

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100874

Shi-Qi Wang , Xue-Ping Ji , Chun-Xia Zhang , Yi Wang , Guang-Ya Chen , Zhi-Guang Hu , Hui-Fang Yang

Dichobunoids were the most basal artiodactyl group, widely distributed throughout the Eocene of Eurasia and North America, but were rarely reported from southern China. In this paper, we report the first dichobunoid artiodactyl, Shilinhyus chowi n. gen. n. sp., from the middle Eocene of Lunan Basin (Shilin County), China. Shilinhyus is characterized by its relatively large size, bunoselenodont tooth morphology with a highly developed p4 metaconid, and a mesially interrupted paracristid formed by a weak premetacristid and a strong preprotocristid. This morphology distinguishes Shilinhyus from all known dichobunoid artiodactyls. Within dichobunoids, Shilinhyus resembles Pakkokuhyus from the Eocene of Southeast Asia and “Gobiohyus” yuanchuensis from the Eocene of Shanxi, China, by the relatively large size, the absence of the paraconid, and the well-development of the hypolophid. However, Shilinhyus still differs from Pakkokuhyus and “Gobiohyus” yuanchuensis in the complete interruption of the paracristid and in the alignment of the entoconid and hypoconid as well as the protoconid and metaconiod. Shilinhyus, Pakkokuhyus, and “Gobiohyus” yuanchuensis might have derived from the Eocene Gobiohyus from northern China, constituting a distinct group. The discovery of Shilinhyus chowi enhances our understanding of the early evolution of dichobunoid artiodactyls, especially in southern China.

双齿兽类是最基干的有齿兽类，广泛分布于欧亚大陆和北美的始新世，但在中国南方却鲜有报道。本文报道了中国鲁南盆地（石林县）中始新世发现的第一只双齿类有蹄类，名为 "n. gen. n. sp."，其特征是体型相对较大，具有高度发达的p4元齿和由弱的前元齿和强的前元齿形成的中间断的副元齿（bunoselenodont tooth morphology）。这种形态有别于所有已知的双齿类半齿兽。在二齿兽类中，东南亚始新世的""和中国山西始新世的""与二齿兽类相似，体型相对较大，没有副栉齿，下栉齿发育良好。然而，""和""与""的不同之处仍然在于副栉水母的完全中断、内栉水母和下栉水母以及原栉水母和元栉水母的排列。因此，"Ⅳ"和"Ⅴ"可能来自华北始新世，是一个独特的类群。""的发现加深了我们对双齿类偶蹄目早期演化的了解，尤其是对华南地区的了解。

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引用次数: 0

A new systematic study on Hystrix findings from eastern Aegean area 关于东爱琴海地区发现的 Hystrix 的新系统研究

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.100873

Kazım Halaçlar , Berna Alpagut , Serdar Mayda , Tao Deng

This study introduces Hystrix aegeanensis n. sp., a new late Miocene (MN 12) porcupine species from Samos, Greece, and Karaağaç, Türkiye. This represents the fifth record of late Miocene Hystrix from Europe and Asia Minor. H. aegeanensis n. sp. exhibits a unique occlusal outline and pattern compared to those of all other late Miocene Hystrix species. This study further clarifies the systematic divergence among late Miocene Hystrix species based on occlusal outlines and patterns. The first group, including H. parvae, H. primigenia, H. gansuensis, H. brevirostra, and H. lufengensis, exhibits a simple occlusal pattern and an oval/square occlusal outline. In contrast, the second group, comprising H. aegeanensis n. sp., H. kayae, and H. aryanensis, displays a more complex occlusal pattern and a rectangular occlusal outline on their upper cheek teeth.

本研究介绍了n. sp.，一种来自希腊萨摩斯岛和土耳其卡拉阿克的晚中新世（MN 12）豪猪新种。这是欧洲和小亚细亚晚中新世的第五个记录。与其他晚中新世物种相比，.n. sp.具有独特的咬合轮廓和模式。这项研究根据咬合轮廓和模式进一步阐明了中新世晚期物种之间的系统分化。第一组包括., ., ., .表现出简单的咬合模式和椭圆形/方形的咬合轮廓。相比之下，第二组包括....、......和......显示出更复杂的咬合模式，上颊齿的咬合轮廓呈矩形。

引用次数: 0

Conodonts suggest a late Spathian (late Early Triassic) age for Thaisaurus chonglakmanii (Reptilia: Ichthyosauromorpha) from Thailand 甲龙表明泰国的Thaisaurus chonglakmanii（爬行纲：鱼龙目）的时代为晚斯帕提世（早三叠世晚期

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.07.004

Si-Yao Ye , Kui Wu , Zuo-Yu Sun , P. Martin Sander , Adun Samathi , Yuan-Yuan Sun , Cheng Ji , Varavudh Suteethorn , Jun Liu

The timing of the emergence of marine reptiles following the Permian–Triassic mass extinction is crucial for studying the recovery of marine ecosystems in the Triassic. Conodonts, key index fossils in the Triassic, are widely used to date the marine reptiles, especially in the Early Triassic. Triassospathodus anhuinensis is a conodont species originally discovered in the upper Spathian of South China, but lacked a comprehensive description, leading to misidentifications and confusion in previous research. Here, we reevaluated Tr. anhuinensis and summarized its morphological characteristics and spatial and temporal distribution based on a review of the literature. We then critically evaluated the age of the primitive ichthyosaur Thaisaurus chonglakmanii from Thailand based on the updated knowledge of Tr. anhuinensis. We sampled the Khao Thong section where T. chonglakmanii was found for conodont study. Tr. anhuinensis elements were obtained from the bed where T. chonglakmanii was collected and also in the bed five metres above the T. chonglakmanii fossil horizon, suggesting a late Spathian age for T. chonglakmanii. A late Spathian age for T. chonglakmanii questions the hypothesis of Thailand as the place of origin of ichthyosaurs in the late Induan or early Spathain.

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引用次数: 0

Lutetian–Bartonian (Middle Eocene) micropalaeontology, biostratigraphy and palaeoecology of the Mengen Coal Basin, Northwest Türkiye (Turkey) 土耳其西北部 Mengen 煤盆地的吕特-巴顿（中始新世）微古生物学、生物地层学和古生态学

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.07.003

Sariye Duygu Durak , Mehmet Serkan Akkiraz , Nazire Özgen-Erdem , Atike Nazik , Fuzuli Yağmurlu , Derya Sinanoğlu

This study focuses on the upper Lutetian–lower Bartonian Tokmaklar Formation in the Mengen Basin of Northwest Türkiye (Turkey), examining various aspects such as biostratigraphy, palaeoecology, and isotope data (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C), providing insights into the geological history and environmental conditions during this interval. Moreover, the study incorporates coal petrography on four samples to explore a potential correlation between the coalification process and the preservation of palynomorphs. The formation is informally divided into two distinct categories: a coal-bearing sequence positioned at the base of the formation and a coal-free sequence above it. However due to dense vegetation and soil cover in the area, the availability of suitable outcrops for measured sections and obtaining samples is severely limited. Therefore, we relied on drilling data from Turkish Coal Enterprises (TCE) for the purpose of coal exploration, as well as two partial sections (Ender and Çorak) from underground mining. Microapalaeontological evidences involving benthic foraminiferans, ostracods, and palynomorphs, along with isotope data (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C), suggest that the Tokmaklar Formation was deposited as a result of a local transgressive process during the late Lutetian–early Bartonian. Furthermore, palynological data, particularly the existence of mangroves such as Nypa, lepidocaryoid palm and Acrostichum aureum, coupled with quantitative palaeoclimate analysis, the negative δ¹⁸O values, and the lower δ¹³C values indicate a warm, probably tropical climate under high rainfall.

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引用次数: 0

Large diploporitan thecal attachment structures on diploporitan thecae: An uncommon encrustation relationship involving stalked echinoderms from the Silurian of the Cincinnati Arch region, eastern midcontinental USA 双齿蜥趾甲上的大型双齿蜥趾甲附着结构：美国中洲东部辛辛那提拱地区志留纪棘皮动物的一种不常见的包壳关系

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.07.001

James R. Thomka , Thomas E. Bantel , Donald L. Bissett , Drew A. Billups

Holocystitid diploporitans (Echinodermata) are abundant within the middle Silurian (Wenlock: Sheinwoodian) Massie Formation of southeastern Indiana, USA. Diploporitan thecae are commonly encrusted by a variety of organisms, including the attachment structures of crinoids; however, no diploporitan aboral thecal attachments have previously been described in detail as encrusters on co-occurring diploporitan thecae. Herein, we describe thecae of Holocystites scutellatus that are encrusted by large discoidal attachment structures attributable to undetermined holocystitid diploporitans. The thecal attachment structures are discoidal, multi-plated, pore-bearing, and characterized by circular central depressions floored by flat platforms — a morphology that is identical to that of diploporitan attachments described from a laterally continuous hardground surface at the same locality. These encrusted specimens are significant because they demonstrate that (1) encrusting diploporitans were capable of developing identical aboral attachment morphologies when encountering both hardgrounds and sufficiently large bioclasts in softgrounds; and (2) encrusted diploporitan thecae were capable of remaining articulated long enough and in a sufficiently stable position to serve as substrata for large thecal attachments. Taken collectively, holocystitid diploporitans were characterized by greater aboral morphological plasticity and resistance to disarticulation than generally recognized.

在美国印第安纳州东南部的志留纪中期（文洛克：Sheinwoodian）马西地层（Massie Formation）中，有大量棘皮动物（Holocystitid diploporitans）。Diploporitan 趾通常被多种生物所包壳，其中包括棘皮动物的附着结构；然而，以前没有详细描述过在共生的 diploporitan 趾上作为包壳的 diploporitan 口鳞附着物。在这里，我们描述了被巨大的盘状附着结构包壳的双壳类鳞甲，这些附着结构属于未确定的全口双壳类。螯状附着结构呈盘状，多层，有孔隙，其特征是中央有圆形凹陷，凹陷处有平整的平台--这种形态与同一地点横向连续硬地表面上的二栉水母附着物形态相同。这些包壳标本具有重要意义，因为它们证明了：（1）包壳双壳类在遇到硬地和软地中足够大的生物碎屑时，能够形成相同的口外附着形态；（2）包壳双壳类的趾骨能够保持足够长的铰接时间和足够稳定的位置，以作为大型趾骨附着的基底。综合来看，全口双壳类的口部形态可塑性和抗脱节能力比一般认为的要强。

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引用次数: 0

Biogeographic dynamics of graptolites during the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction in South China 华南晚奥陶世大灭绝期间爬行动物的生物地理动态

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.008

Lin-Na Zhang , Sha-Sha Sun , Zong-Yuan Sun , Ming-Feng Lu , Qing Chen

Studying the temporal and spatial distributions and dynamics of fossils is crucial for understanding macroevolution processes in geological history. Biodiversity data provide an overview of faunal changes during extinction events, but it cannot differentiate the impact of extinction events on different species. Biogeographic study complements these data by offering more detailed insights into evolutionary patterns. A dataset of 704 graptolite occurrence records for the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction (LOME) was compiled from 60 localities in South China. The geographic distributions of 26 species across four graptolite biochrons (from late Katian to Hirnantian) were quantitatively reconstructed using ArcGIS. Two types of geographic range indexes, including convex hull areas and maximum distribution distances, were calculated for each species in each time slice. Based on the variations in the geographic ranges, the graptolites can be divided into three types. The geographic ranges of the first type shrank before the extinction, that of the second type expanded before the extinction but shrank during the extinction, and that of the third type expanded during the extinction. The first two types include Diplograptina species; and the third of Neograptina species. The study revealed that the extinction event affected all diplograptid graptolite species, as evidenced by the rate of decrease in geographic ranges. Interestingly, the impact of the major extinction appeared to be uniform across all graptolite species, irrespective of their initial geographic range size. The distribution centers of the graptolite species remained relatively stable and predominantly surrounded the center of the sea during the LOME. The substantial reduction in the geographic ranges of diplograptid species might be due to the global factors rather than local sea level decline.

研究化石的时空分布和动态对于了解地质史上的宏观进化过程至关重要。生物多样性数据提供了灭绝事件期间动物变化的概况，但无法区分灭绝事件对不同物种的影响。生物地理学研究是对这些数据的补充，可以更详细地揭示进化模式。我们从华南地区的 60 个地点收集了 704 条晚奥陶世大灭绝（LOME）期间的爬行动物记录。利用 ArcGIS 定量重建了 26 个物种在 4 个爬行动物生物群（从晚加氏期到平南期）中的地理分布。计算了每个时间片中每个物种的两种地理分布指数，包括凸壳面积和最大分布距离。根据地理范围的变化，爬行动物可分为三类。第一类的地理范围在大灭绝之前缩小，第二类的地理范围在大灭绝之前扩大，但在大灭绝期间缩小，第三类的地理范围在大灭绝期间扩大。前两类包括 Diplograptina 物种；第三类包括 Neograptina 物种。研究显示，从地理范围的缩小速度来看，大灭绝事件影响到了所有双龙类爬行动物物种。有趣的是，大灭绝对所有爬行动物物种的影响似乎是一致的，无论其最初的地理范围大小如何。在大灭绝期间，爬行动物的分布中心保持相对稳定，主要环绕海洋中心。双龙类物种地理分布范围的大幅缩小可能是全球因素造成的，而非局部海平面下降。

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引用次数: 0

A new species of Pseudotsuga (Pinaceae) from the lower Miocene of Lesvos, Greece, and its palaeogeographical and palaeoclimatic implications 希腊莱斯沃斯下中新世的一个松柏（松科）新种及其古地理和古气候影响

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.06.001

Yan-Bin Zhu , Ya Li , Jian-Ping Zhang , Yong-Dong Wang , Nikolaos Zouros

Pseudotsuga Carrière is commonly known as Douglas-fir, a minor genus attributed to Pinaceae of conifer. Four extant species are included in this genus, with dispersed distribution in East Asia and western North America. Pseudotsuga possesses a number of fossil records of needled leaves, seed cones, and seeds. Nevertheless, few reliable fossil wood of this genus has been specifically investigated. Here, we describe some anatomically well-preserved petrified fossil wood from the lower Miocene of Lesvos Island, Greece, as Pseudotsuga lesvosensis n. sp. The studied fossil wood remains are characterized by the presence of normal axial and radial resin canals, piceoid cross-field pitting, along with distinctive helical thickenings in cell walls consistent with Pseudotsuga. The present fossil conifer further enriches the species diversity of the Miocene Petrified Forest in Lesvos. The first report of Pseudotsuga lesvosensis from the southern Europe in this study extends the tempo-spatial distribution patterns of Pseudotsuga and contributes to further understanding of its origin and evolutionary history. The occurrence of P. lesvosensis fossil wood, as well as other palaeontological macrofloral composition evidence, indicates a humid warm temperate to subtropical climatic condition during the early Miocene within the Lesvos, which differs significantly from the current Mediterranean climate.

a Carrière 通常被称为花旗松，是松科的一个小属。该属有四个现存物种，分散分布在东亚和北美西部。该属拥有许多针叶、球果和种子的化石记录。然而，很少有人对该属的可靠木材化石进行过专门调查。在这里，我们描述了希腊莱斯沃斯岛下中新世的一些解剖学上保存完好的石化木化石。所研究的木化石残骸的特征是存在正常的轴向和径向树脂管、类皮质横场点蚀，以及细胞壁上明显的螺旋状增厚，与......一致。目前发现的针叶树化石进一步丰富了莱斯沃斯中新世石化森林的物种多样性。这项研究首次报告了来自南欧的化石，扩展了化石的时间-空间分布模式，有助于进一步了解其起源和进化历史。......木化石的出现以及其他古生物学宏观植物成分证据表明，莱斯沃斯地区在中新世早期处于潮湿的暖温带至亚热带气候条件下，这与当前的地中海气候有很大不同。

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引用次数: 0

Actinopterygians from the continental Permian–Triassic boundary section at Babiy Kamen (Kuznetsk Basin, Siberia, Russia) 来自巴比卡门（俄罗斯西伯利亚库兹涅茨克盆地）大陆二叠纪-三叠纪边界剖面的动口纲动物

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Palaeoworld

Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.palwor.2024.05.007

Aleksandr S. Bakaev

The Kuznetsk Basin in Siberia (Russia) is an important area for the study of the continental biota of late Permian to Early Triassic in continuous sections. This study presents a taxonomic description of ray-finned fishes (other fish remains are absent at the section) from the Permian–Triassic boundary section at Babiy Kamen. The new material was collected, bed by bed, during geological and paleontological excavations of coastal-floodplain, shallow-basin deposits of the Tailugan and Maltseva formations. The poorly preserved but diverse ichthyofaunal fossils of the Tailugan Formation consists predominantly of typical Late Paleozoic “palaeoniscoid” fishes (Eurynotoidiidae, Varialepididae, etc.). The earliest known Triassic (Induan) Kedrovo Member of the Maltseva Formation contained a less diverse but well preserved ichthyofaunal fossils including “palaeoniscoid” fishes (Korutichthys and Avamia). The same species were described earlier from the Induan of the Tunguska Basin. The ichthyofauna of the Early Triassic (Olenekian) Ryaboy Kamen Member of the Maltseva Formation consists of typical Triassic stem-neopterygian (Evenkia, Eoperleidus and Arctosomus) fishes. The same fishes have been described earlier from the Olenekian of Tunguska Basin. The composition of the ichthyofauna completely changed twice — at the Permian–Triassic and the Induan–Olenekian boundaries.

俄罗斯西伯利亚库兹涅茨克盆地是研究二叠纪晚期至三叠纪早期大陆生物群连续剖面的重要地区。本研究介绍了巴比卡门二叠纪-三叠纪边界剖面中鳐鱼类（该剖面没有其他鱼类遗骸）的分类学描述。新材料是在对泰卢根地层和马尔采娃地层的沿海洪积平原浅盆地沉积物进行地质和古生物发掘时逐层采集的。泰卢根地层的鱼类化石保存较差，但种类繁多，主要由典型的晚古生代 "古类 "鱼类（Eurynotoidiidae、Varialepididae 等）组成。马尔采瓦地层中已知最早的三叠纪（印支期）Kedrovo 成员包含种类较少但保存完好的鱼类化石，其中包括 "古类 "鱼类（和）。早些时候，通古斯卡盆地的印端也曾描述过相同的物种。马尔采瓦地层早三叠世（奥利尼克期）Ryaboy Kamen 组的鱼类化石包括典型的三叠世茎新目鱼类（、和）。早先在通古斯卡盆地的奥连纪中也曾描述过同样的鱼类。鱼类动物群的组成在二叠纪-三叠纪和印支-奥勒涅基纪的交界处发生了两次彻底的变化。

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引用次数: 0