Palaeoworld最新文献

{"title":"The late Eocene pine seed cones from Mangkang Basin, southeastern Xizang (Tibet) and their biogeographic significance","authors":"Xuan-Rong Yao ,&nbsp;Yi Gao ,&nbsp;Ren-Dan Yang ,&nbsp;Jiang-Bo Meng ,&nbsp;Shu-Feng Li ,&nbsp;Tao Su","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pinus</em> is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, and today is the largest gymnosperm genus with a rich fossil record. However, the biogeographic history at section or subsection level remains unclear. Here, we report a new finding of female cones from the late Eocene of the Mangkang Basin, southeastern Xizang (Tibet). By morphological comparison between fossil and extant species, this cone type is identified as a new species in subsection <em>Pinus</em>, namely <em>Pinus mangkangensis</em> Yao and Su, n. sp. This new species is morphologically similar to the living species <em>P</em>. <em>yunnanensis</em>, which is distributed in Southwest China adjacent to the fossil site. The finding of <em>P</em>. <em>mangkangensis</em> provides important evidence for elucidating the biogeographic history and diversification of subsection <em>Pinus</em> in Southwest China. Together with other fossil records of section <em>Pinus</em> in East Asia, we propose that <em>P</em>. <em>mangkangensis</em> represents southern lineages and suggests that ancestral species of subsection <em>Pinus</em> dispersed to lower latitude regions during the Eocene. Subsequently, the diversification of species in subsection <em>Pinus</em> took place during the Miocene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200935"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomy and paleoclimatic implications of Cenozoic Coryphoideae palm wood species in Egypt","authors":"Zainab M. El-Noamani,&nbsp;Wagieh E. El-Saadawi,&nbsp;Marwah M. Kamal El-Din,&nbsp;Nermeen A. Ziada","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines 12 well-preserved specimens collected from the Miocene Moghra and Gebel Khashab formations at six sites in the northern part of the Western Desert of Egypt. The results reveal distinct anatomical features for each of the four morphospecies (namely <em>Palmoxylon aschersoni</em> Schenk, <em>P</em>. cf. <em>aschersoni</em> Schenk, <em>P</em>. <em>lacunosum</em> (Unger) Felix, and <em>P</em>. <em>libycum</em> (Stenzel) Kräusel), confirming their identification and classification within the subfamily Coryphoideae. The paleoclimatic conditions for each species are interpreted based on key ecologically-based anatomical traits, such as the number of metaxylem elements and the nature of ground tissue. These findings indicate that the four recorded species reflect different paleoenvironments and depositional conditions, suggesting that they were transported by water from their original growth sites to their current locations, resulting in an intermingling of forest forms in the northern Western Desert. An overview of the fossil record of the subfamily Coryphoideae in Africa is also provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200968"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleoenvironmental records across middle to Upper Cretaceous in central part of the West and Central African Rift System: Palynological and geochemical inferences","authors":"André Mbabi Bitchong ,&nbsp;Serge Alberto Bitjong ,&nbsp;Serge Parfait Koah Na Lebogo ,&nbsp;Glwadys Ngo Mandeng ,&nbsp;Cecile Olive Mbesse ,&nbsp;Soukaina Obad ,&nbsp;Gilbert-François Ngon Ngon ,&nbsp;Simon Ngos III ,&nbsp;Thierry Adatte","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The West and Central African Rifts System (WCARS) is well-known for its Cretaceous deposits. Still, the reliable dating of sedimentary successions, especially in the central part, and the mechanisms causing environmental and climate change over time remained less explored. Two sections of exposed deposits were investigated within the Babouri-Figuil Basin, specifically along the Mayo-Figuil (MF) and Mayo-Dakmoune (MD) rivers. The deposits are primarily composed of wackes formed from felsic and intermediate parent rocks, perhaps originating from the adjacent basement rocks, although there are also mafic components represented by an iron-rich shale layer at the MF section. Relative dating has constrained the MF sediment age to the Albian–Cenomanian and the MD sediment age to the Campanian–Maastrichtian. Using whole-rock organic matter geochemistry and trace element concentrations, we discovered anoxic conditions, well-preserved organic matter, and marine salinity water occurrence in the Albian–Cenomanian deposits, probably related to the first Trans-Saharan seaway. Oxic conditions, poor-preserved organic matter, and brackish salinity water occurrence were established during the Campanian–Maastrichtian. The Hg/TOC spike recorded during the Albian–Cenomanian could be the consequence of proximal volcanism, most likely associated with enhanced rifting tectonic activity, whereas the maximum Hg/TOC ratios observed during the Campanian–Maastrichtian could be the product of distal volcanism. Globally, weathering was slow to moderate, and the climate was interpreted as semi-arid throughout the middle to Late Cretaceous in the central WCARS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dating of Early Triassic Chaohu Fauna by precise U-Pb age constraints: Temporal calibration of the emergence and first radiation of Mesozoic marine reptiles","authors":"Yi-Nuo Wang ,&nbsp;Da-Yong Jiang ,&nbsp;Ryosuke Motani ,&nbsp;Ming-Tao Yao ,&nbsp;Min Zhou ,&nbsp;Zuo-Yu Sun ,&nbsp;Jian-Dong Huang ,&nbsp;Zhao-Liang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence time of Mesozoic marine reptiles has been controversial due to poor stratigraphic control and the lack of radiometric age constraints. We report a radiometric age of 248.7 ± 1.0 Ma (2σ), obtained through LA-ICP-MS analysis of the zircon grains sampled from a tuff which is intercalated within the fossiliferous beds of the Chaohu Fauna and layered about 7 m above the lowest fossiliferous bed. This dating confirms the Chaohu Fauna as the oldest known marine reptile fauna in the world with precise and comprehensive age constraints. Integrated with the biostratigraphic data and astrochronological analysis, our results demonstrate that marine reptiles were established at least by 3.2 million years after the Permian–Triassic boundary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200963"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neogene palaeoenvironments and hydrocarbon potential in the Nile Delta, Egypt: Palynological evidence from an onshore well","authors":"Mennat-Allah T. El Hussieny,&nbsp;Magdy S. Mahmoud,&nbsp;Amr S. Deaf","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Palynological organic matter (POM) of the Neogene succession from the Sidi Salim-1 well, located in the onshore Nile Delta, Egypt (Eastern Mediterranean), suggests a wide range of environments, from deltaic to offshore marine. These environments were discriminated by the overall palynofacies composition, including indicative dinoflagellate cysts, mainly <em>Spiniferites</em> and <em>Selenopemphix</em>. Near-shore marine environment was interpreted for the Middle Miocene (Langhian–Serravallian) Sidi Salim Formation. Deltaic to shallow marine environments were suggested for the Qawasim (Miocene) and Kafr El Sheikh (Pliocene) formations, while the distant (offshore) marine setting was established in the Pliocene Abu Madi Formation. This deeper environment, of the Abu Madi Formation, can be used to confirm a previous documentation of an Early Pliocene progressive drowning of an incised valley, related to the Messinian Salinity Crises (MSC) events, by the late Messinian sea level drop in the Mediterranean. Suboxic to anoxic conditions existed during deposition of the investigated well succession. Anoxia was confirmed by the occurrence of imprints of pyrite crystals across much of the well succession. The occurrence of abundant Poaceae pollen may suggest widespread dry grassland vegetation during deposition of the Neogene sediments of the well. In a regional context, the Neogene environments in the Nile Delta area vary according to the relative position of the investigated sediments, due to structural, palaeogeographic and basinal settings. The recovered palynofacies fluctuated between amorphous organic matter (AOM)-dominated and phytoclast-dominated categories, mostly of the kerogen type II, which is capable of producing oil and gas. The visual assessment of the spore coloration index (SCI) of thin-walled trilete spores in the well section, shows values ranging between 5 and 8, confirming a thermally mature organic matter and, consequently, can be potential source rocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200966"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petrographic, palaeofloral, and taphonomic characteristics of the Permian coal-bearing sequences in Korba Basin, Central India: Implications for their palaeoecology and depositional settings","authors":"Vivek Kumar Mishra ,&nbsp;Vinod Atmaram Mendhe ,&nbsp;Vikram Partap Singh ,&nbsp;Shreya Mishra ,&nbsp;Srikanta Murthy ,&nbsp;Alka D. Kamble ,&nbsp;Sayed W. Abrar","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coal-bearing deposits associated with the Barakar Formation of the Korba Basin were examined through a multi-disciplinary analysis, including organic petrographic, palynofacies, palynological, and taphonomic techniques. This cohesive approach is decisive for elucidating the genesis and evolution of organic matter, determining age constraints and reconstructing the palaeoecological and depositional environments during peat accumulation. The petrographic studies demonstrate that the vitrinite group of macerals has dominance (average 40.2 vol.%) over the inertinite and liptinite groups in the organic composition. Within the vitrinite group, the telovitrinite subgroup is chiefly comprised of the collotelinite maceral (average 25.7 vol.%), indicating the higher terrestrial influx and the presence of anaerobic environment conditions. While palynofacies analysis reveals dominance of degraded organic matter (average 39.88%). The subsequent degradation of such vegetation, probably caused by bacterial activity (and/or mechanical breakdown), results in substantial amounts of degraded organic matter and vitrodetrinite maceral (average 12.5 vol.%). The studied palynoassemblage is largely dominated by bisaccate pollen represented by <em>Scheuringipollenites</em>, <em>Faunipollenites</em>, <em>Striatopodocarpites</em>, <em>Striasulcites</em>, etc. Based on inter-, intra- and Gondwanan palynological correlation, these palynoassemblages are Artinskian in age. Further, the affinity of palynoassemblage reflects glossopterid-dominated forest along with lower proportions of Coniferales (average 2.3%) and Peltaspermales (average 1.8%) in relatively warm and humid climatic conditions. The appreciable presence of cordaites (average 12.3%), indicated by the monosaccate pollen of <em>Parasaccites</em> and <em>Barakarites</em>, suggests high terrigenous input into the mire. However, the occurrence of the spores of filicopsid and lycopsid indicates a significant contribution from herbaceous vegetation.</div><div>Further, the values of various petrographic indices and their cross-plotting suggest that the precursors of the peat-forming vegetation (mainly telmatic) were deposited in wet forest settings under mesotrophic hydrological conditions with intermittent fluctuation to rheotrophic conditions. Likewise, the palynofacies analysis indicates that organic matter deposition occurred under suboxic conditions in distal settings. The diverse palynofacies elements retrieved indicate that organic matter deposition occurred under suboxic conditions in distal settings. The taphonomic studies reveal the predominance of buoyant saccate taxa (Group E) and the rarity of spores in the recovered palynoassemblage, indicating an allochthonous origin for the organic matter and the influence of depositional environment on the palynocomposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200931"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can the occurrence of the ammonite genus Hildoglochiceras Spath serve as an early Tithonian marker event?","authors":"Sreepat Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 20–40° southern latitude-delimited <em>Hildoglochiceras</em> fauna enables correlation of South Tethyan early Tithonian rocks along the northwestern peri-Gondwana margin stretching from Madagascar to Nepal. Herein, a new assemblage of the ammonite genus <em>Hildoglochiceras</em> Spath is recorded from the Rupsi Shale Member of the Baisakhi Formation in the Jaisalmer Basin, western India, and consists of <em>H</em>. cf. <em>latistrigatum</em> (Uhlig), <em>H</em>. cf. <em>kobelliforme</em> (Bonarelli), <em>H</em>. cf. <em>nodosum</em> Prasad, and <em>Hildoglochiceras</em> sp. A. On its base, it is delimited by the occurrence of the early Tithonian <em>Aulacosphinctoides</em> cf. <em>mayeri</em> (Uhlig), <em>A</em>. <em>perrinsmithi</em> Uhlig, <em>A</em>. cf. <em>tardissimus</em> Enay, <em>A</em>. <em>infundibulum</em> (Uhlig) and <em>A</em>. cf. <em>infundibulum</em> (Uhlig) and, on its top, by the late Tithonian index <em>Himalayites</em> aff. <em>seideli</em> (Oppel). Based on the present and previous records from western India (i.e., from Kachchh and Jaisalmer basins), the occurrence of <em>Hildoglochiceras</em> Spath is correlated with the Standard Tethyan <em>Darwini</em> Zone of early Tithonian. It is plausible, and with more precise sampling from other western Gondwana margin localities, that the occurrence of <em>Hildoglochiceras</em> Spath may suggest an early Tithonian (<em>Darwini</em> to <em>Semiforme</em> zones) event, facilitating improved large-scale biostratigraphic correlations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200945"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shallow-water trilobites from the Koumenzi Formation (Katian, Upper Ordovician) of Qilian, northeastern Qinghai, China: Biogeographical links with Kazakh terranes","authors":"Xin Wei ,&nbsp;Yu-Chen Zhang ,&nbsp;Ren-Bin Zhan ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Tang ,&nbsp;Yong Wang ,&nbsp;Ya-Tao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jia-Qi Song","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A shallow-water trilobite fauna, with low diversity (seven species of six genera), from the Koumenzi Formation (Katian) in the Qilian area, northeastern Qinghai Province, Northwest China, is recognised as the <em>Pliomerina</em> Association. Of these, <em>Dulanaspis</em> and <em>Amphilichas</em> are reported for the first time in the North Qilian Mountains. The shallow-water <em>Pliomerina</em> and relatively deep-water <em>Birmanites</em>-<em>Sinocybele</em> associations were found to occur in the Qilian and Menyuan areas, respectively, during the Katian. They exhibit a distinctive ecological differentiation with water depth from inner shelf to outer shelf environments. The <em>Pliomerina</em> Association of the Qilian area clearly belongs to the <em>Pliomerina</em> and/or <em>Sinocybele</em> Province of the Proto-Tethys Archipelagic Ocean. Faunal evidence indicates that the palaeogeographical position of the North Qilian Mountains area was situated closer to the Kazakh terranes during the Katian, particularly to the Chu-Ili and Chingiz-Tarbagatai terranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200940"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The oldest known Curvicubitidae (Hemiptera) from the Permian (Wuchiapingian) of Zhangshu City, Jiangxi Province, southern China","authors":"Qian-Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Mu ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xu-Heng Du ,&nbsp;Hai-Chun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the earliest record of the family Curvicubitidae <span><span>Hong, 1984</span></span>, Sinocurvicubitus qingjiangensis n. gen. n. sp. is established based on a cicada tegmen collected from the Laoshan Member of the Leping Formation in the Qingjiang Basin, Jiangxi Province, southern China. This new taxon is characterised by vein R forked at basal 1/3rd tegminal length, indentation at basal 2/3rds length, vein M first forked on nodal line, more developed M and less developed CuA. A Wuchiapingian age for this new species is suggested by the co-occurrence of the ammonoids <em>Araxoceras tricarinatus</em> and <em>Pseudogastrioceras</em> sp. The new find not only extends the known palaeogeographical range of curvicubitids in China, but also suggests an origin of this family in the Palaeozoic. This new record, combined with other records of Curvicubitidae, suggests a possibility of simultaneously northward and southward migration and dispersal of this family during the late Permian to the Late Triassic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200959"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Middle Campanian to Maastrichtian Foraminifera and biomarkers: Seawater incursion events in the Songliao Basin, Northeast China","authors":"Ke-Ying Yue ,&nbsp;Sha Li ,&nbsp;Tian Jiang ,&nbsp;Dang-Peng Xi ,&nbsp;Bo-Wen Song ,&nbsp;Yu Liang ,&nbsp;Li-Xin Sun ,&nbsp;Tian-Fu Zhang ,&nbsp;Hai-Chun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Qiao Wan ,&nbsp;Bo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Songliao Basin, spanning approximately 260,000 km² in Northeast China, is one of the largest oil-bearing lacustrine basins. Seawater incursion events have previously been discovered in the Turonian (lower and the uppermost Qingshankou Formation) to the Santonian and early Campanian (the first and second members of the Nenjiang Formation). We newly discovered benthic and planktonic foraminifera in the middle Campanian to Maastrichtian (Fifth Member of the Nenjiang Formation, Sifangtai, and Mingshui formations) in the ZKD-1 borehole. The Planktonic foraminifera include <em>Archaeoglobigerina blowi</em>, <em>A</em>. <em>cretacea</em>, and <em>Globotruncanella</em> sp. The benthic foraminifera include <em>Anomalinoides</em> sp., <em>Gavelinella</em> sp., and <em>Haplophragmoides</em> sp. Among them, <em>A</em>. <em>blowi</em>, <em>A</em>. <em>cretacea</em>, <em>Anomalinoides</em> sp., <em>Gavelinella</em> sp., <em>Haplophragmoides</em> sp. are widely distributed in the marine strata of the Upper Cretaceous. We tested the marine biomarker compounds including C₃₀ 24-<em>n</em>-propyl cholestane and C₃₀ 24-<em>iso</em>-propyl cholestane, indicating that the Songliao Basin experienced seawater incursion events to varying degrees during the middle to late Campanian. We also found abundant charophyte fossils in the ZKD-1 borehole, including <em>Atopochara trivolvis ulanensis</em>, <em>Latochara yuananensis</em>, <em>Feistiella anluensis</em>, <em>Mesochara biacuta</em>, <em>M</em>. <em>gobica</em>, and <em>M</em>. <em>leiocarpa</em>. Among them, the brackish water charophyte fossils of <em>Feistiella anluensis</em> were first found in Songliao Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 5","pages":"Article 200958"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}